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A randomised crossover trial of tezacaftor-ivacaftor for gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes: a pilot study (2024)
Journal Article
Ng, C., Dellschaft, N. S., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Spiller, R., Crooks, C., …Smyth, A. R. (2024). A randomised crossover trial of tezacaftor-ivacaftor for gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes: a pilot study. NIHR Open Research, 3, Article 65. https://doi.org/10.3310/nihropenres.13510.2

Background People with cystic fibrosis (CF) can experience recurrent chest infections, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and gastrointestinal symptoms. New cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator drugs improve lung funct... Read More about A randomised crossover trial of tezacaftor-ivacaftor for gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes: a pilot study.

The impact of heat treatment of bovine milk on gastric emptying and nutrient appearance in peripheral circulation in healthy females: a randomized controlled trial comparing pasteurized and ultra-high temperature milk (2024)
Journal Article
Milan, A. M., Barnett, M. P., McNabb, W. C., Roy, N. C., Coutinho, S., Hoad, C. L., …Mithen, R. F. (2024). The impact of heat treatment of bovine milk on gastric emptying and nutrient appearance in peripheral circulation in healthy females: a randomized controlled trial comparing pasteurized and ultra-high temperature milk. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 119(5), 1200-1215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.03.002

Background: Heat treatments of dairy, including pasteurization and ultra-high temperature (UHT) processing, alter milk macromolecular structures, and ultimately affect digestion. In vitro, animal, and human studies show faster nutrient release or cir... Read More about The impact of heat treatment of bovine milk on gastric emptying and nutrient appearance in peripheral circulation in healthy females: a randomized controlled trial comparing pasteurized and ultra-high temperature milk.

Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Visualization of Oral Dosage Forms in the Human Stomach: A Scoping Review (2024)
Journal Article
Akbar, T., Gershkovich, P., Stamatopoulos, K., Gowland, P. A., Stolnik, S., Butler, J., & Marciani, L. (2024). Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Visualization of Oral Dosage Forms in the Human Stomach: A Scoping Review. Molecular Pharmaceutics, 21(4), 1553-1562. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01123

Oral dosage forms are the most widely and frequently used formulations to deliver active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), due to their ease of administration and noninvasiveness. Knowledge of intragastric release rates and gastric mixing is crucial... Read More about Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Visualization of Oral Dosage Forms in the Human Stomach: A Scoping Review.

In vivo observation of a stomach road or ‘Magenstrasse’ for gastric emptying using MRI imaging in healthy humans (2023)
Journal Article
Almutairi, F., Alyami, J., Pritchard, S., Alsharef, W., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., …Hoad, C. L. (2023). In vivo observation of a stomach road or ‘Magenstrasse’ for gastric emptying using MRI imaging in healthy humans. Clinical Nutrition Open Science, 51, 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutos.2023.08.002

The presence of a ‘magenstrasse’, a central ‘stomach road’ for flow and mixing of foods and drinks in the stomach had been predicted from hydrodynamic modelling. Here a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tagging technique was used to gain novel insight... Read More about In vivo observation of a stomach road or ‘Magenstrasse’ for gastric emptying using MRI imaging in healthy humans.

Stochastic Differential Equation-based Mixed Effects Model of the Fluid Volume in the Fasted Stomach in Healthy Adult Human (2023)
Journal Article
Wang, K., Marciani, L., Amidon, G. L., Smith, D. E., & Sun, D. (2023). Stochastic Differential Equation-based Mixed Effects Model of the Fluid Volume in the Fasted Stomach in Healthy Adult Human. AAPS Journal, 25(5), https://doi.org/10.1208/s12248-023-00840-3

The rate and extent of drug dissolution and absorption from a solid oral dosage form depend largely on the fluid volume along the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, a model built upon the gastric fluid volume profiles can help to predict drug dissolution... Read More about Stochastic Differential Equation-based Mixed Effects Model of the Fluid Volume in the Fasted Stomach in Healthy Adult Human.

MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time (2023)
Journal Article
Alshammari, M. T., Alyami, A. S., Wilkinson-Smith, V., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P., Marciani, L., …Hoad, C. L. (2023). MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 35(8), Article e14610. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.14610

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tagging techniques have been applied to the GI tract to assess bowel contractions and content mixing. We aimed to evaluate the dependence of a tagging measurement (for assessing chyme mixing) on inter-obse... Read More about MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time.

A comparative, randomised MRI study of the physiological and appetitive responses to gelling (alginate) and non-gelling nasogastric tube feeds in healthy men (2023)
Journal Article
Aliyu, A. I., Nixon, A., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Corsetti, M., Aithal, G. P., …Taylor, M. A. (2023). A comparative, randomised MRI study of the physiological and appetitive responses to gelling (alginate) and non-gelling nasogastric tube feeds in healthy men. British Journal of Nutrition, 130(8), 1316-1328. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114523000302

AbstractInclusion in nasogastric tube feeds (NGTF) of acid-sensitive, seaweed-derived alginate, expected to form a reversible gel in the stomach, may create a more normal intragastric state and modified gastrointestinal responses. This may ameliorate... Read More about A comparative, randomised MRI study of the physiological and appetitive responses to gelling (alginate) and non-gelling nasogastric tube feeds in healthy men.

Correction: Schütt et al. Simulating the Hydrodynamic Conditions of the Human Ascending Colon: A Digital Twin of the Dynamic Colon Model. (Pharmaceutics (2022), (14), (184)) (2022)
Journal Article
Schütt, M., O’Farrell, C., Stamatopoulos, K., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., Sulaiman, S., …Alexiadis, A. (2022). Correction: Schütt et al. Simulating the Hydrodynamic Conditions of the Human Ascending Colon: A Digital Twin of the Dynamic Colon Model. (Pharmaceutics (2022), (14), (184)). Pharmaceutics, 14(7), Article 1402. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14071402

In the original publication [1], there was a mistake in Figure 6 when published. The experimental data points in the upper diagram were missing. The corrected Figure 6 appears below.

Imaging in inflammatory bowel disease: current and future perspectives (2022)
Journal Article
Shaban, N., Hoad, C. L., Naim, I., Alshammari, M., Radford, S. J., Clarke, C., …Moran, G. (2022). Imaging in inflammatory bowel disease: current and future perspectives. Frontline Gastroenterology, 13(e1), E28-E34. https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2022-102117

The use of cross-sectional imaging and ultrasonography has long complemented endoscopic assessment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clinical symptoms alone are often not enough to assess disease activity, so a reliance on non-invasive techniques... Read More about Imaging in inflammatory bowel disease: current and future perspectives.

Application of in vivo imaging techniques and diagnostic tools in oral drug delivery research (2022)
Journal Article
Senekowitsch, S., Schick, P., Abrahamsson, B., Augustijns, P., Gießmann, T., Lennernäs, H., …Koziolek, M. (2022). Application of in vivo imaging techniques and diagnostic tools in oral drug delivery research. Pharmaceutics, 14(4), Article 801. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040801

Drug absorption following oral administration is determined by complex and dynamic interactions between gastrointestinal (GI) physiology, the drug, and its formulation. Since many of these interactions are not fully understood, the COST action on “Un... Read More about Application of in vivo imaging techniques and diagnostic tools in oral drug delivery research.

Pilot Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial: Effects of Jejunal Nutrition on Postprandial Distress in Diabetic Gastropathy (J4G Trial) (2022)
Journal Article
Carneiro, L., White, J., Parker, H., Hoad, C., Tucker, E., Marciani, L., …Fox, M. (2022). Pilot Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial: Effects of Jejunal Nutrition on Postprandial Distress in Diabetic Gastropathy (J4G Trial). Nutrients, 14(7), Article 1321. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14071321

Nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain in diabetic patients are often attributed to diabetic gastropathy (DG). Post-pyloric (“jejunal”) enteral nutrition (JN) may improve nutrition and glycaemia in difficult cases. The acute effects of JN on postprandia... Read More about Pilot Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial: Effects of Jejunal Nutrition on Postprandial Distress in Diabetic Gastropathy (J4G Trial).

Simulating the Hydrodynamic Conditions of the Human Ascending Colon: A Digital Twin of the Dynamic Colon Model (2022)
Journal Article
Schütt, M., O’Farrell, C., Stamatopoulos, K., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., Sulaiman, S., …Alexiadis, A. (2022). Simulating the Hydrodynamic Conditions of the Human Ascending Colon: A Digital Twin of the Dynamic Colon Model. Pharmaceutics, 14(1), Article 184. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14010184

The performance of solid oral dosage forms targeting the colon is typically evaluated using standardised pharmacopeial dissolution apparatuses. However, these fail to replicate colonic hydrodynamics. This study develops a digital twin of the Dynamic... Read More about Simulating the Hydrodynamic Conditions of the Human Ascending Colon: A Digital Twin of the Dynamic Colon Model.

Medical device development for children and young people—reviewing the challenges and opportunities (2021)
Journal Article
Dimitri, P., Pignataro, V., Lupo, M., Bonifazi, D., Henke, M., Musazzi, U. M., …Lopedota, A. (2021). Medical device development for children and young people—reviewing the challenges and opportunities. Pharmaceutics, 13(12), Article 2178. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122178

Development of specific medical devices (MDs) is required to meet the healthcare needs of children and young people (CYP). In this context, MD development should address changes in growth and psychosocial maturation, physiology, and pathophysiology,... Read More about Medical device development for children and young people—reviewing the challenges and opportunities.

Small bowel water content assessed by MRI in health and disease: a collation of single-centre studies (2021)
Journal Article
Dellschaft, N., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2022). Small bowel water content assessed by MRI in health and disease: a collation of single-centre studies. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 55(3), 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16673

Background: New developments in MRI have allowed the non-invasive, accurate measurement of the small bowel water content (SBWC). Aims: To collate studies measuring SBWC following ingestion of a range of foods in both health and disease to provide dat... Read More about Small bowel water content assessed by MRI in health and disease: a collation of single-centre studies.

Luminal fluid motion inside an in vitro dissolution model of the human ascending colon assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (2021)
Journal Article
O’Farrell, C., Hoad, C. L., Stamatopoulos, K., Marciani, L., Sulaiman, S., Simmons, M. J. H., & Batchelor, H. K. (2021). Luminal fluid motion inside an in vitro dissolution model of the human ascending colon assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Pharmaceutics, 13(10), Article 1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101545

Knowledge of luminal flow inside the human colon remains elusive, despite its importance for the design of new colon-targeted drug delivery systems and physiologically relevant in silico models of dissolution mechanics within the colon. This study us... Read More about Luminal fluid motion inside an in vitro dissolution model of the human ascending colon assessed using magnetic resonance imaging.

Assessing lymphatic uptake of lipids using magnetic resonance imaging: A feasibility study in healthy human volunteers with potential application for tracking lymph node delivery of drugs and formulation excipients (2021)
Journal Article
Jewell, A., Williams, H., Hoad, C. L., Gellert, P. R., Ashford, M. B., Butler, J., …Gershkovich, P. (2021). Assessing lymphatic uptake of lipids using magnetic resonance imaging: A feasibility study in healthy human volunteers with potential application for tracking lymph node delivery of drugs and formulation excipients. Pharmaceutics, 13(9), Article 1343. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091343

Dietary lipids and some pharmaceutical lipid excipients can facilitate the targeted delivery of drugs to the intestinal lymphatics. Here, the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for imaging lipid uptake into the intestinal lymphatics was... Read More about Assessing lymphatic uptake of lipids using magnetic resonance imaging: A feasibility study in healthy human volunteers with potential application for tracking lymph node delivery of drugs and formulation excipients.

“A little (PPI) MAGIC can take you a long way” : involving children and young people in research from inception of a novel medical device to multi-centre clinical trial Roald Dahl, James and the Giant Peach (1961) (2021)
Journal Article
Abrehart, N., Frost, K., YPAG, Y. P. A. G., Harris, R., Wragg, A., Stewart, D., …Marciani, L. (2021). “A little (PPI) MAGIC can take you a long way” : involving children and young people in research from inception of a novel medical device to multi-centre clinical trial Roald Dahl, James and the Giant Peach (1961). Research Involvement and Engagement, 7, Article 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-020-00243-0

Background: There is often a great urgency to be inclusive when conducting research and to focus efforts with groups and communities that can be referred to as marginalised. This is especially the case in research concerning medical devices aimed a... Read More about “A little (PPI) MAGIC can take you a long way” : involving children and young people in research from inception of a novel medical device to multi-centre clinical trial Roald Dahl, James and the Giant Peach (1961).

Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants (2020)
Journal Article
Heissam, K., Abrehart, N., Hoad, C. L., Wright, J., Menys, A., Murray, K., …Marciani, L. (2020). Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants. PLoS ONE, 15(11), e0241441. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241441

Objective The gastrointestinal environment in which drug products need to disintegrate before the drug can dissolve and be absorbed has not been studied in detail due to limitations, especially invasiveness of existing techniques. Minimal in vivo dat... Read More about Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants.

Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults (2020)
Journal Article
Krishnasamy, S., Lomer, M. C. E., Marciani, L., Hoad, C. L., Pritchard, S. E., Paul, J., …Spiller, R. C. (2020). Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults. Journal of Nutrition, 150(11), 2890-2899. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa191

Background: Whole apples produce greater satiety than processed apples, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: Our aim was to assess the intragastric processing of apple preparations and the associated small and large bowel conten... Read More about Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults.

Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation (2020)
Journal Article
Sharif, H., Abrehart, N., Hoad, C., Murray, K., Perkins, A., Smith, M., …Marciani, L. (2020). Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 71(5), 604-611. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002910

Objective: In England, 27,500 children are referred annually to hospital with constipation. An objective measure of whole gut transit time (WGTT) could aid management. The current standard WGTT assessment, the X-ray radiopaque marker (ROM) test, give... Read More about Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation.

The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge (2020)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Menys, A., Bradley, C., Corsetti, M., Marciani, L., Atkinson, D., …Hoad, C. (2020). The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 32(11), Article e13942. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13942

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the colonic response to a macrogol challenge drink can be used to assess the mechanisms underlying severe constipation. We measured the intra-subject reproducibility of MRI measures of colonic funct... Read More about The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge.

Dynamic Colon Model (DCM): A Cine-MRI Informed Biorelevant In Vitro Model of the Human Proximal Large Intestine Characterized by Positron Imaging Techniques (2020)
Journal Article
Stamatopoulos, K., Karandikar, S., Goldstein, M., O’Farrell, C., Marciani, L., Sulaiman, S., …Batchelor, H. K. (2020). Dynamic Colon Model (DCM): A Cine-MRI Informed Biorelevant In Vitro Model of the Human Proximal Large Intestine Characterized by Positron Imaging Techniques. Pharmaceutics, 12(7), Article 659. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12070659

This work used in vivo MRI images of human colon wall motion to inform a biorelevant Dynamic Colon Model (DCM) to understand the interplay of wall motion, volume, viscosity, fluid, and particle motion within the colon lumen. Hydrodynamics and particl... Read More about Dynamic Colon Model (DCM): A Cine-MRI Informed Biorelevant In Vitro Model of the Human Proximal Large Intestine Characterized by Positron Imaging Techniques.

A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids (2020)
Journal Article
Stamatopoulos, K., Pathak, S., Marciani, L., & Turner, D. (2020). A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids. Molecular Pharmaceutics, 17(4), 1310-1323. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00019

In vivo studies have shown cyclic bile salt (BS) outputs during fasting whereas higher amounts have been observed in fed states. This leads to fluctuations of intestinal BS concentrations ([BS]) that can affect the rate and extent of absorption of li... Read More about A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids.

A simple and efficient method for polymer coating of iron oxide nanoparticles (2019)
Journal Article
Abushrida, A., Elhuni, I., Taresco, V., Marciani, L., Stolnik, S., & Garnett, M. C. (2020). A simple and efficient method for polymer coating of iron oxide nanoparticles. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 55, Article 101460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101460

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) have many possible uses including as MRI contrast agents, for drug delivery and cell labelling, but need to be stabilised and to be rendered biocompatible through appropriate coatings. Many current coatings are subopti... Read More about A simple and efficient method for polymer coating of iron oxide nanoparticles.

Alginate and HM-pectin in sports-drink give rise to intra-gastric gelation in-vivo (2019)
Journal Article
Marciani, L., Lopez-Sanchez, P., Pettersson, S., Hoad, C., Abrehart, N., Ahnoff, M., & Strömf, A. (2019). Alginate and HM-pectin in sports-drink give rise to intra-gastric gelation in-vivo. Food and Function, 10(12), 7892-7899. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FO01617A

The addition of gelling polysaccharides to sport-drinks may provide improved tolerability of drinks with high concentration of digestible carbohydrates (CHO), otherwise known to increase the risk of gastro-intestinal complaints among athletes under p... Read More about Alginate and HM-pectin in sports-drink give rise to intra-gastric gelation in-vivo.

Intraluminal impact of food: New insights from MRI (2019)
Journal Article
Marciani, L., & Spiller, R. (2019). Intraluminal impact of food: New insights from MRI. Nutrients, 11(5), Article 1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11051147

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Understanding how the gut responds to food has always been limited by the available investigatory techniques. Previous methods involving intubation and aspiration are largely limited to liquid... Read More about Intraluminal impact of food: New insights from MRI.

The mechanisms of pharmacokinetic food-drug interactions: A perspective from the UNGAP group (2019)
Journal Article
Koziolek, M., Alcaro, S., Augustijns, P., Basit, A. W., Grimm, M., Hens, B., …Corsetti, M. (2019). The mechanisms of pharmacokinetic food-drug interactions: A perspective from the UNGAP group. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 134, 31-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2019.04.003

The simultaneous intake of food and drugs can have a strong impact on drug release, absorption, distribution, metabolism and/or elimination and consequently, on the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy. As such, food-drug interactions are one of th... Read More about The mechanisms of pharmacokinetic food-drug interactions: A perspective from the UNGAP group.

MRI of the colon in the pharmaceutical field: the future before us (2019)
Journal Article
Sulaiman, S., & Marciani, L. (2019). MRI of the colon in the pharmaceutical field: the future before us. Pharmaceutics, 11(4), Article 146. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11040146

Oral solid drug formulation is the most common route for administration and it is vital to increase knowledge of the gastrointestinal physiological environment to understand dissolution and absorption processes and to develop reliable biorelevant in... Read More about MRI of the colon in the pharmaceutical field: the future before us.

Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI (STMM) analysis of the stomach and colon (2019)
Journal Article
Menys, A., Hoad, C., Spiller, R., Scott, M., Atkinson, D., Marciani, L., & Taylor, S. (2019). Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI (STMM) analysis of the stomach and colon. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(5), https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13557

Background: MRI is increasingly used to objectively assess gastrointestinal motility. However, motility metrics often do no not offer insights into the nature of contractile action. This study introduces a systematic method of making spatiotemporal... Read More about Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI (STMM) analysis of the stomach and colon.

Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon (2019)
Journal Article
Menys, A., Hoad, C., Spiller, R., Scott, M., Atkinson, D., Marciani, L., & Taylor, S. (2019). Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(5), Article e13557. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13557

Background: MRI is increasingly used to objectively assess gastrointestinal motility. However, motility metrics often do no not offer insights into the nature of contractile action. This study introduces a systematic method of making spatiotemporal m... Read More about Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon.

Will MRI of gastrointestinal function parallel the clinical success of cine cardiac MRI? (2018)
Journal Article
Hoad, C., Clarke, C., Marciani, L., Graves, M. J., & Corsetti, M. (2018). Will MRI of gastrointestinal function parallel the clinical success of cine cardiac MRI?. British Journal of Radiology, 92(1093), https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20180433

Cine cardiac MRI is generally accepted as the “gold-standard” for functional myocardial assessment. It only took a few years after the development of commercial MRI systems for functional cardiac imaging to be developed, with electrocardiogram (ECG)-... Read More about Will MRI of gastrointestinal function parallel the clinical success of cine cardiac MRI?.

Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold (2018)
Journal Article
Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Spiller, R., Gowland, P., & Moran, G. (2019). Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(1), e13466. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13466

Background The symptoms of functional bowel disorders are common in postprandial but investigations are generally undertaken in the fasted state using invasive procedures. MRI provides a noninvasive tool to study the gastrointestinal tract in an u... Read More about Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold.

Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects (2018)
Journal Article
Parker, H., Hoad, C. L., Tucker, E., Costigan, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Fox, M. (2018). Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(12), Article e13463. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13463

Background: Current investigations of gastric emptying rarely identify the cause of symptoms or provide a definitive diagnosis in patients with dyspepsia. This study assessed gastric function by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the modular "Not... Read More about Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects.

Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (2018)
Journal Article
Major, G., Murray, K., Singh, G., Nowak, A., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., …Spiller, R. C. (2018). Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(9), Article e13400. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13400

Background: In functional gastrointestinal disorders a lack of objective biomarkers limits evaluation of underlying mechanisms. We aimed to demonstrate the utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for this task using psyllium, an effective constip... Read More about Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging.

Systematic review of the evidence for sustained efficacy of dietary interventions for reducing appetite or energy intake (2018)
Journal Article
Halford, J. C., Masic, U., Marseaux, C. F., Jones, A. J., Lluch, A., Marciani, L., …Mela, D. J. (2018). Systematic review of the evidence for sustained efficacy of dietary interventions for reducing appetite or energy intake. Obesity Reviews, 19(10), 1329-1339. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12712

We assessed evidence for changes in efficacy of food-based interventions aimed at reducing appetite or energy intake (EI), and whether this could be used to provide guidance on trial design. A systematic search identified randomized controlled tria... Read More about Systematic review of the evidence for sustained efficacy of dietary interventions for reducing appetite or energy intake.

Formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing to advance oral drug product development: an introduction to the US FDA funded ‘21st Century BA/BE’ project (2018)
Journal Article
Hens, B., Sinko, P., Job, N., Dean, M., Al-Gousous, J., Salehi, N., …Amidon, G. L. (2018). Formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing to advance oral drug product development: an introduction to the US FDA funded ‘21st Century BA/BE’ project. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 548(1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.06.050

Over the past decade, formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing has gained increasing attention. Another mindset is pushed forward where scientists in our field are more confident to explore the in vivo behavior of an oral drug product by perf... Read More about Formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing to advance oral drug product development: an introduction to the US FDA funded ‘21st Century BA/BE’ project.

Cortical differences in diverticular disease and correlation with symptom reports (2018)
Journal Article
Pitiot, A., Smith, J. K., Garratt, J., Francis, S. T., Gowland, P. A., Spiller, R. C., & Marciani, L. (2018). Cortical differences in diverticular disease and correlation with symptom reports. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(7), Article e13303. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13303

Background Recent studies have shown that the brain of patients with gastrointestinal disease differ both structurally and functionally from that of controls. Highly somatizing diverticular disease (HSDD) patients were also shown to differ from... Read More about Cortical differences in diverticular disease and correlation with symptom reports.

Mechanistic Fluid Transport Model to Estimate Gastrointestinal Fluid Volume and Its Dynamic Change Over Time (2017)
Journal Article
Yu, A., Jackson, T., Tsume, Y., Koenigsknecht, M., Wysocki, J., Marciani, L., …Sun, D. (2017). Mechanistic Fluid Transport Model to Estimate Gastrointestinal Fluid Volume and Its Dynamic Change Over Time. AAPS Journal, 19(6), 1682-1690. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12248-017-0145-x

Gastrointestinal (GI) fluid volume and its dynamic change are integral to study drug disintegration, dissolution, transit, and absorption. However, key questions regarding the local volume and its absorption, secretion, and transit remain unanswered.... Read More about Mechanistic Fluid Transport Model to Estimate Gastrointestinal Fluid Volume and Its Dynamic Change Over Time.

Endotoxemia in peritoneal dialysis patients: a pilot study to examine the role of intestinal perfusion and congestion (2017)
Journal Article
Grant, C., Harrison, L., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Cox, E., Buchanan, C., …McIntyre, C. (2017). Endotoxemia in peritoneal dialysis patients: a pilot study to examine the role of intestinal perfusion and congestion. Peritoneal Dialysis International, 37(1), 111-115. https://doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2016.00079

Endotoxemia is common in advanced chronic kidney disease and is particularly severe in those receiving dialysis. In hemodialysis patients, translocation from the bowel occurs as a consequence of recurrent circulatory stress leading to a reduction in... Read More about Endotoxemia in peritoneal dialysis patients: a pilot study to examine the role of intestinal perfusion and congestion.

Distinct abnormalities of small bowel and regional colonic volumes in subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome revealed by MRI (2016)
Journal Article
Lam, C., Chaddock, G., Marciani, L., Costigan, C., Cox, E., Hoad, C., …Spiller, R. C. (in press). Distinct abnormalities of small bowel and regional colonic volumes in subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome revealed by MRI. American Journal of Gastroenterology, https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2016.538

OBJECTIVES: Non-invasive biomarkers which identify different mechanisms of disease in subgroups of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) could be valuable. Our aim was to seek useful magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters that could distinguish each IB... Read More about Distinct abnormalities of small bowel and regional colonic volumes in subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome revealed by MRI.

Exploring gastrointestinal variables affecting drug and formulation behavior: methodologies, challenges and opportunities (2016)
Journal Article
Hens, B., Corsetti, M., Spiller, R. C., Marciani, L., Vanuytsel, T., Tack, J., …Augustijns, P. (2017). Exploring gastrointestinal variables affecting drug and formulation behavior: methodologies, challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 519(1-2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.063

Various gastrointestinal (GI) factors affect drug and formulation behavior after oral administration, including GI transfer, motility, pH and GI fluid volume and composition. An in-depth understanding of these physiological and anatomical variables i... Read More about Exploring gastrointestinal variables affecting drug and formulation behavior: methodologies, challenges and opportunities.

Prior Consumption of a Fat Meal in Healthy Adults Modulates the Brain's Response to Fat (2016)
Journal Article
Eldeghaidy, S., Marciani, L., Hort, J., Hollowood, T. A., Singh, G., Bush, D., …Francis, S. T. (2016). Prior Consumption of a Fat Meal in Healthy Adults Modulates the Brain's Response to Fat. Journal of Nutrition, 146(11), 2187-2198. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.234104

Background: Consumption of fat is regulated by reward and homeostatic pathways, but no studies have examined the role of the intake of a high fat meal (HFM) on subsequent brain activation to oral stimuli. Objective: We evaluated how prior consumptio... Read More about Prior Consumption of a Fat Meal in Healthy Adults Modulates the Brain's Response to Fat.

Patients with chronic kidney disease have abnormal upper gastro-intestinal tract digestive function: a study of uremic enteropathy: small bowel dysfunction in CKD (2016)
Journal Article
Grant, C. J., Harrison, L. E., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., Gowland, P. A., & McIntyre, C. W. (2017). Patients with chronic kidney disease have abnormal upper gastro-intestinal tract digestive function: a study of uremic enteropathy: small bowel dysfunction in CKD. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 32(2), 372-377. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.13458

Background and Aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects gastrointestinal (GI) function and results in numerous adaptive and maladaptive responses. Disruption of the colonic microbiome and its attendant consequences—the loss of gut barrier integrity... Read More about Patients with chronic kidney disease have abnormal upper gastro-intestinal tract digestive function: a study of uremic enteropathy: small bowel dysfunction in CKD.

Anticipation of thermal pain in diverticular disease (2016)
Journal Article
Smith, J. K., Marciani, L., Humes, D. J., Francis, S. T., Gowland, P. A., & Spiller, R. C. (2016). Anticipation of thermal pain in diverticular disease. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 28(6), https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.12790

Background The relative importance of peripheral nerve injury or differences in central pain processing in painful diverticular disease (DD) is unclear. Functional MRI has demonstrated changes in the anticipation of pain in irritable bowel syndrom... Read More about Anticipation of thermal pain in diverticular disease.

Colonic response to laxative ingestion as assessed by MRI differs in constipated irritable bowel syndrome compared to functional constipation (2016)
Journal Article
Lam, C., Chaddock, G., Marciani, L., Costigan, C., Paul, J., Cox, E., …Spiller, R. C. (2016). Colonic response to laxative ingestion as assessed by MRI differs in constipated irritable bowel syndrome compared to functional constipation. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 28(6), https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.12784

Background Functional constipation (FC) and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) share many symptoms but underlying mechanisms may be different. We have developed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to measure intestinal vol... Read More about Colonic response to laxative ingestion as assessed by MRI differs in constipated irritable bowel syndrome compared to functional constipation.

Colon wall motility: comparison of novel quantitative semi-automatic measurements using cine MRI (2015)
Journal Article
Hoad, C., Menys, A., Garsed, K., Marciani, L., Hamy, V., Murray, K., …Gowland, P. A. (2016). Colon wall motility: comparison of novel quantitative semi-automatic measurements using cine MRI. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 28(3), 327-335. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.12727

Background Recently, cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown promise for visualizing movement of the colonic wall, although assessment of data has been subjective and observer dependent. This study aimed to develop an objective and semi-au... Read More about Colon wall motility: comparison of novel quantitative semi-automatic measurements using cine MRI.

Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of gastrointestinal motor function and fluid distribution (2015)
Journal Article
Khalaf, A., Hoad, C., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., Moran, G. W., & Marciani, L. (2015). Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of gastrointestinal motor function and fluid distribution. World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, 6(4), https://doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v6.i4.140

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a well established technique that has revolutionized diagnostic radiology. Until recently, the impact that MRI has had in the assessment of gastrointestinal motor function and bowel fluid distribution in health and... Read More about Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of gastrointestinal motor function and fluid distribution.

Fat emulsion intragastric stability and droplet size modulate gastrointestinal responses and subsequent food intake in young adults (2015)
Journal Article

Background: Intragastric creaming and droplet size of fat emulsions may affect intragastric behavior and gastrointestinal and satiety responses. Objectives: We tested the hypotheses that gastrointestinal physiologic responses and satiety will be i... Read More about Fat emulsion intragastric stability and droplet size modulate gastrointestinal responses and subsequent food intake in young adults.

A study of T1 relaxation time as a measure of liver fibrosis and the influence of confounding histological factors (2015)
Journal Article

Liver biopsy is the standard test for the assessment of fibrosis in liver tissue of patients with chronic liver disease. Recent studies have used a non‐invasive measure of T1 relaxation time to estimate the degree of fibrosis in a single slice of the... Read More about A study of T1 relaxation time as a measure of liver fibrosis and the influence of confounding histological factors.

Investigating the effects of an oral fructose challenge on hepatic ATP reserves in healthy volunteers: a 31P MRS study (2015)
Journal Article
Bawden, S., Stephenson, M., Ciampi, E., Hunter, K., Marciani, L., MacDonald, I. A., …Gowland, P. A. (in press). Investigating the effects of an oral fructose challenge on hepatic ATP reserves in healthy volunteers: a 31P MRS study. Clinical Nutrition, 35(3), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2015.04.001

Background: Impaired homeostasis of hepatic ATP has been associated with NAFLD. An intravenous fructose infusion has been shown to be an effective challenge to monitor the depletion and subsequent recovery of hepatic ATP reserves using 31P MRS. Aims... Read More about Investigating the effects of an oral fructose challenge on hepatic ATP reserves in healthy volunteers: a 31P MRS study.

Effects of bowel cleansing on the intestinal microbiota (2014)
Journal Article
Jalanka, J., Salonen, A., Salojärvi, J., Ritari, J., Immonen, O., Marciani, L., …de Vos, W. M. (2015). Effects of bowel cleansing on the intestinal microbiota. Gut, 64(10), 1562-1568. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307240

Objective: An adequate bowel cleansing is essential for a successful colonoscopy. Although purgative consumption is safe for the patient, there is little consensus on how the intestinal microbiota is affected by the procedure, especially regarding th... Read More about Effects of bowel cleansing on the intestinal microbiota.

Additive effects of gastric volumes and macronutrient composition on the sensation of postprandial fullness in humans (2014)
Journal Article

Background/Objectives: Intake of food or fluid distends the stomach and triggers mechanoreceptors and vagal afferents. Wall stretch and tension produces a feeling of fullness. Duodenal infusion studies assessing gastric sensitivity by barostat have s... Read More about Additive effects of gastric volumes and macronutrient composition on the sensation of postprandial fullness in humans.

Quantification of gastrointestinal liquid volumes and distribution following a 240 mL dose of water in the fasted state (2014)
Journal Article

Previous imaging studies offered a snapshot of water distribution in fasted humans and showed that water in the small intestine is distributed in small pockets. This study aimed to quantify the volume and number of water pockets in the upper gut of f... Read More about Quantification of gastrointestinal liquid volumes and distribution following a 240 mL dose of water in the fasted state.

A low calorie morning meal prevents the decline of hepatic glycogen stores: a pilot in vivo 13C magnetic resonance study (2014)
Journal Article
Bawden, S., Stephenson, M., Ciampi, E., Hunter, K., Marciani, L., Spiller, R., …Gowland, P. (2014). A low calorie morning meal prevents the decline of hepatic glycogen stores: a pilot in vivo 13C magnetic resonance study. Food and Function, 5(9), 2237-2242. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4fo00050a

Previous studies have reported a meal-induced rise in hepatic glycogen stores from baseline levels following a fast and it is generally assumed that glycogen levels rise steadily following meals throughout the day. However, measurements are normally... Read More about A low calorie morning meal prevents the decline of hepatic glycogen stores: a pilot in vivo 13C magnetic resonance study.

A randomised trial of ondansetron for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (2013)
Journal Article
Garsed, K., Chernova, J., Hastings, M., Lam, C., Marciani, L., Singh, G., …Spiller, R. C. (2014). A randomised trial of ondansetron for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea. Gut, 63(10), 1617-1625. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305989

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D) is particularly debilitating due to urgency and episodic incontinence. Some 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists (5-HT3RAs) have proven effective but have serious side effects.... Read More about A randomised trial of ondansetron for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea.

Delayed gastric emptying and reduced postprandial small bowel water content of equicaloric whole meal bread versus rice meals in healthy subjects: novel MRI insights (2013)
Journal Article
Marciani, L., Pritchard, S. E., Hellier-Woods, C., Costigan, C., Hoad, C., Gowland, P. A., & Spiller, R. C. (2013). Delayed gastric emptying and reduced postprandial small bowel water content of equicaloric whole meal bread versus rice meals in healthy subjects: novel MRI insights. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(7), https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.78

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Postprandial bloating is a common symptom in patients with functional gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Whole meal bread (WMB) often aggravates such symptoms though the mechanisms are unclear. We used magnetic resonance imaging (... Read More about Delayed gastric emptying and reduced postprandial small bowel water content of equicaloric whole meal bread versus rice meals in healthy subjects: novel MRI insights.

Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying (2013)
Journal Article
Marciani, L., Cox, E., Hoad, C., Totman, J. J., Costigan, C., Singh, G., …Spiller, R. C. (2013). Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(11), https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.168

Background/objectives: The emptying of the gall bladder in response to feeding is pivotal for the digestion of fat, but the role of various food ingredients in contracting the gall bladder postprandially is not well understood. We hypothesized that d... Read More about Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying.