All Outputs (63)

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) as an indicator of leydig cell insufficiency (LCI) in Middle-aged and older men with hypogonadism: reference range and threshold (2024)
Journal Article

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a circulating biomarker for Leydig cell functional capacity in men, also indicating Leydig Cell Insufficiency (LCI) and potential primary hypogonadism. Using results from large cohort studies we explore sources of bi... Read More about Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) as an indicator of leydig cell insufficiency (LCI) in Middle-aged and older men with hypogonadism: reference range and threshold.

INSL3 Variation in Dogs Following Suppression and Recovery of the HPG Axis (2024)
Journal Article

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a constitutive product of mature, adult-type Leydig cells of the testes and consequently in most mammals is an ideal biomarker with which to monitor pubertal development. A new heterologous time-resolved fluorescence... Read More about INSL3 Variation in Dogs Following Suppression and Recovery of the HPG Axis.

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) in congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH) in boys with delayed puberty and adult men (2022)
Journal Article

Background: Delayed puberty in males is almost invariably associated with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) or congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH). Establishing the cause at presentation is challenging, with “red flag” fea... Read More about Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) in congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH) in boys with delayed puberty and adult men.

The Leydig cell biomarker INSL3 as a predictor of age-related morbidity: Findings from the EMAS cohort (2022)
Journal Article

Background: Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a constitutive hormone secreted in men by the mature Leydig cells of the testes. It is an accurate biomarker for Leydig cell functional capacity, reflecting their total cell number and differentiation sta... Read More about The Leydig cell biomarker INSL3 as a predictor of age-related morbidity: Findings from the EMAS cohort.

Influence on the adult male Leydig cell biomarker insulin-like peptide 3 of maternal exposure to estrogenic and anti-androgenic endocrine disrupting compound mixtures: A retrospective study (2022)
Journal Article

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a peptide biomarker secreted specifically by the mature Leydig cells of the testes. It is constitutive, has low within-individual variance, and effectively measures the functional capacity of Leydig cells to make tes... Read More about Influence on the adult male Leydig cell biomarker insulin-like peptide 3 of maternal exposure to estrogenic and anti-androgenic endocrine disrupting compound mixtures: A retrospective study.

Association of age, hormonal, and lifestyle factors with the Leydig cell biomarker INSL3 in aging men from the European Male Aging Study cohort (2022)
Journal Article

Background: Aging in men is accompanied by a broad range of symptoms, including sexual dysfunction, cognitive and musculoskeletal decline, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension, organ degeneration/failure, and increasing n... Read More about Association of age, hormonal, and lifestyle factors with the Leydig cell biomarker INSL3 in aging men from the European Male Aging Study cohort.

Expression and Role of INSL3 in the Fetal Testis (2022)
Journal Article

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a small peptide hormone of the insulin-relaxin family which is produced and secreted by the fetal Leydig cells in the testes only. It appears to be undetectable in female fetuses. In the human fetus INSL3 synthesis b... Read More about Expression and Role of INSL3 in the Fetal Testis.

Maternal exposure to dibutyl phthalate (Dbp) or diethylstilbestrol (des) leads to long-term changes in hypothalamic gene expression and sexual behavior (2021)
Journal Article

Xenobiotic exposure during pregnancy and lactation has been linked to perinatal changes in male reproductive outcomes and other endocrine parameters. This pilot study wished to assess whether brief maternal exposure of rats to xenobiotics dibutyl pht... Read More about Maternal exposure to dibutyl phthalate (Dbp) or diethylstilbestrol (des) leads to long-term changes in hypothalamic gene expression and sexual behavior.

The Physiology of Reproduction – Quo vadis? (2021)
Journal Article

The reproductive system in males and females reflects a highly dynamic underlying physiology. Yet our current understanding of this system is still largely based upon relatively simplistic snapshots of individual component cells and tissues. Gamete p... Read More about The Physiology of Reproduction – Quo vadis?.

Male seminal parameters are not associated with Leydig cell functional capacity in men (2021)
Journal Article

Background: Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a constitutive, secreted peptide produced in the male uniquely by the Leydig cells of the testes. It is a biomarker for Leydig cell functional capacity, which is a measure of the numbers and differentiati... Read More about Male seminal parameters are not associated with Leydig cell functional capacity in men.

Kisspeptin-54 Accurately Identifies Hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Dysfunction in Men with Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (2020)
Journal Article

Background: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is hypogonadism due to either hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction. While gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) can directly test pituitary function, no specific test of hypothalamic function exists. Ki... Read More about Kisspeptin-54 Accurately Identifies Hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Dysfunction in Men with Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism.

Physiology and evolution of the INSL3/RXFP2 hormone/receptor system in higher vertebrates (2020)
Journal Article

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Although the insulin-like peptide hormone INSL3 and its cognate receptor RXFP2 (relaxin-family peptide receptor 2) have existed throughout chordate evolution, their physiological diversification appears to be linked closely with... Read More about Physiology and evolution of the INSL3/RXFP2 hormone/receptor system in higher vertebrates.

Effects of acute hCG stimulation on serum INSL3 and 25?OH vitamin D in Klinefelter syndrome (2020)
Journal Article

© 2020 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology Background: It has recently been suggested that the hypergonadotropic hypogonadism characterizing Klinefelter syndrome (KS) might not be due to a steroidogenic dysfunction per se,... Read More about Effects of acute hCG stimulation on serum INSL3 and 25?OH vitamin D in Klinefelter syndrome.

Prepubertal nutrition alters Leydig cell functional capacity and timing of puberty (2019)
Journal Article

Leydig cell functional capacity reflects the numbers and differentiation status of the steroidogenic Leydig cells in the testes and becomes more or less fixed in early adulthood with the final establishment of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG)... Read More about Prepubertal nutrition alters Leydig cell functional capacity and timing of puberty.

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a major regulator of female reproductive physiology (2018)
Journal Article

BACKGROUND Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a member of the relaxin family of neohormones which has evolved to address specifically mammalian aspects of reproduction related to viviparity and internal fertilization. It was originally identified as... Read More about Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a major regulator of female reproductive physiology.

Testicular function and bone in young men with severe childhood-onset obesity. (2018)
Journal Article

Background: Previous studies suggest increased risk for hypoandrogenism and fractures in men with obesity. We aimed to describe the effects of severe childhood-onset obesity on the cross talk between metabolic state, testes and skeleton at late puber... Read More about Testicular function and bone in young men with severe childhood-onset obesity..

Development and validation of a mass spectrometry-based assay for quantification of insulin-like factor 3 in human serum (2018)
Journal Article

BACKGROUND: The circulating level of the peptide hormone insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is a promising diagnostic marker reflecting Leydig cell function in the male. Few commercial immunoassays of varying quality exist. Therefore, we decided to devel... Read More about Development and validation of a mass spectrometry-based assay for quantification of insulin-like factor 3 in human serum.

Amniotic fluid INSL3 measured during the critical time window in human pregnancy relates to cryptorchidism, hypospadias and phthalate load: a large case-control study (2018)
Journal Article

The period of the first to second trimester transition in human pregnancy represents a sensitive window for fetal organogenesis, particularly in regard to the development of the male reproductive system. This is a time of relative analytical inaccess... Read More about Amniotic fluid INSL3 measured during the critical time window in human pregnancy relates to cryptorchidism, hypospadias and phthalate load: a large case-control study.

Theca cell INSL3 and steroids together orchestrate the growing bovine antral follicle (2017)
Journal Article

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) and its specific receptor RXFP2 are both expressed by theca interna cells of the growing antral follicle where they form an essential regulatory element in the production of the steroid precursor androstenedione. Using... Read More about Theca cell INSL3 and steroids together orchestrate the growing bovine antral follicle.

Neohormones in milk (2017)
Journal Article

Neohormone systems evolved specifically to regulate those mammalian traits, such as internal fertilization, pregnancy and lactation, which have proved to be central to the success, environmental independence, and adaptability of mammals as a vertebra... Read More about Neohormones in milk.