All Outputs (87)

Why most published meta-analysis findings are false (2019)
Journal Article

Almost a decade after the controversial paper ‘why most published research findings are false’ was written [1], we re-visit this concern with regard to published meta-analyses. Although reading the title of this article may make some pause for though... Read More about Why most published meta-analysis findings are false.

Short-term pre-operative high-intensity interval training does not improve fitness of colorectal cancer patients (2019)
Journal Article

Background: Preoperative cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in colorectal cancer patients has been shown to affect postoperative outcomes. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of high-intensity interval training (HIT) for improving fitness... Read More about Short-term pre-operative high-intensity interval training does not improve fitness of colorectal cancer patients.

Association between surgeon special interest and mortality after emergency laparotomy (2019)
Journal Article

© 2019 BJS Society Ltd Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Background: Approximately 30 000 emergency laparotomies are performed each year in England and Wales. Patients with pathology of the gastrointestinal tract requiring emergency laparotomy are... Read More about Association between surgeon special interest and mortality after emergency laparotomy.

The acute transcriptional response to resistance exercise: impact of age and contraction mode (2019)
Journal Article

Optimization of resistance exercise (RE) remains a hotbed of research for muscle building and maintenance. However, the interactions between the contractile components of RE (i.e. concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC)) and age, are poorly defined. We... Read More about The acute transcriptional response to resistance exercise: impact of age and contraction mode.

The impact of pre‐operative intravenous iron on quality of life after colorectal cancer surgery: outcomes from the intravenous iron in colorectal cancer‐associated anaemia (IVICA) trial (2019)
Journal Article

Anaemia is associated with a reduction in quality of life, and is common in patients with colorectal cancer . Werecently reported thefindings of the intravenous iron in colorectal cancer-associated anaemia (IVICA) trialcomparing haemoglobin levels an... Read More about The impact of pre‐operative intravenous iron on quality of life after colorectal cancer surgery: outcomes from the intravenous iron in colorectal cancer‐associated anaemia (IVICA) trial.

Surgical interventions for the treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2019)
Journal Article

Background Pilonidal sinus disease (PNS) is not uncommon in children. Controversy remains over the best treatment and there is limited evidence. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to establish which techniques have the best outcomes in... Read More about Surgical interventions for the treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

National prospective cohort study of the burden of acute small bowel obstruction (2019)
Journal Article

Background Small bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency, and is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality across the world. The literature provides little information on the conservatively managed group. The aim of this stud... Read More about National prospective cohort study of the burden of acute small bowel obstruction.

Quick and simple: psoas density measurement is an independent predictor of anastomotic leak and other complications after colorectal resection (2019)
Journal Article

Purpose: Radiologically-defined sarcopenia has been shown to predict negative outcomes after cancer surgery, however radiological assessment of sarcopenia often requires additional software and standardisation against anthropomorphic data. Measuring... Read More about Quick and simple: psoas density measurement is an independent predictor of anastomotic leak and other complications after colorectal resection.

Palmitoylethanolamide and Cannabidiol Prevent Inflammation-induced Hyperpermeability of the Human Gut In Vitro and In Vivo—A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Controlled Trial (2019)
Journal Article

Background and aims We aimed to examine, for the first time, the effect of cannabidiol (CBD) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) on the permeability of the human gastrointestinal tract in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Methods Flux measurements of fluor... Read More about Palmitoylethanolamide and Cannabidiol Prevent Inflammation-induced Hyperpermeability of the Human Gut In Vitro and In Vivo—A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Controlled Trial.

The efficacy of ‘static’ training interventions for improving indices of cardiorespiratory fitness in premenopausal females (2018)
Journal Article

PURPOSE: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Many risk factors for CVD can be modified pharmacologically; however, uptake of medications is low, especially in asymptomatic people. Exercise is also effective at reduc... Read More about The efficacy of ‘static’ training interventions for improving indices of cardiorespiratory fitness in premenopausal females.

Pre‐emptive and preventive opioids for postoperative pain in adults undergoing all types of surgery (2018)
Journal Article

Background: Postoperative pain is a common consequence of surgery and can have deleterious effects. It has been suggested that the administration of opioid analgesia before a painful stimulus may improve pain control. This can be done in two ways. We... Read More about Pre‐emptive and preventive opioids for postoperative pain in adults undergoing all types of surgery.

Fibrin glue is a quick and effective treatment for primary and recurrent pilonidal sinus disease (2018)
Journal Article

Background Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a common, chronic inflammatory condition involving hair follicles within the natal cleft. It mainly affects young males and creates a significant health, social and economic burden. Traditional surgery i... Read More about Fibrin glue is a quick and effective treatment for primary and recurrent pilonidal sinus disease.

‘Blood in pee’ campaign: Increased demand on secondary care with no change in cancers diagnosed (2018)
Journal Article

Objective: As part of the national Be Clear on Cancer campaign, the ‘blood in pee’ campaign was launched in 2013. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the campaign on 2-week wait (2WW) referrals and the resulting diagnoses of malignancy at a single tr... Read More about ‘Blood in pee’ campaign: Increased demand on secondary care with no change in cancers diagnosed.

Fibrin glue obliteration is safe, effective and minimally invasive as first line treatment for pilonidal sinus disease in children (2018)
Journal Article

Background / Purpose: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) has an incidence of 1.2–2.5/1000 in children. Onset is around puberty. Symptoms of recurrent abscess and chronic suppuration may interfere with education and social integration. Treat... Read More about Fibrin glue obliteration is safe, effective and minimally invasive as first line treatment for pilonidal sinus disease in children.

Short-term (less 8 wk) high-intensity interval training in diseased cohorts (2018)
Journal Article

Background and Aim: Exercise training regimes can lead to improvements in measures of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), improved general health, and reduced morbidity and overall mortality risk. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) offers a time-ef... Read More about Short-term (less 8 wk) high-intensity interval training in diseased cohorts.

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study (2018)
Journal Article

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a... Read More about Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Association between peri-operative angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-2 receptor blockers and acute kidney injury in major elective non-cardiac surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study (2018)
Journal Article

The peri‐operative use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin‐2 receptor blockers is thought to be associated with an increased risk of postoperative acute kidney injury. To reduce this risk, these agents are commonly withheld dur... Read More about Association between peri-operative angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-2 receptor blockers and acute kidney injury in major elective non-cardiac surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study.

Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high-, middle-, and low-income countries: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study (2018)
Journal Article

BACKGROUND: Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described... Read More about Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high-, middle-, and low-income countries: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study.

The use of cannabinoids in colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2018)
Journal Article

Background: Clinical trials investigating the use of cannabinoid drugs for the treatment of intestinal inflammation are anticipated secondary to preclinical literature demonstrating efficacy in reducing inflammation. Methods: We systematically revie... Read More about The use of cannabinoids in colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pre-emptive and preventive NSAIDs for postoperative pain in adults undergoing all types of surgery (Protocol) (2018)
Journal Article

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate in adult participants undergoing all types of surgery, the effects of pre-emptive and preventive non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) com... Read More about Pre-emptive and preventive NSAIDs for postoperative pain in adults undergoing all types of surgery (Protocol).