Short-term (less 8 wk) high-intensity interval training in diseased cohorts

Blackwell, James E.M.; Doleman, Brett; Herrod, Philip; Ricketts, Samuel; Phillips, Bethan E.; Lund, Jonathan N.; Williams, John P.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Exercise training regimes can lead to improvements in measures of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), improved general health, and reduced morbidity and overall mortality risk. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) offers a time-efficient approach to improve CRF in healthy individuals, but the relative benefits of HIIT compared with traditional training methods are unknown in across different disease cohorts.
Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis compares CRF gains in randomized controlled trials of short-term (G8 wk) HIIT versus either no exercise control (CON) or moderate continuous training (MCT) within diseased cohorts. Literature searches of the following databases were performed: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, and PubMed (all from inception to December 1, 2017), with further searches of Clinicaltrials.gov and citations via Google Scholar.
Primary outcomes were effect on CRF variables: V˙ O2peak and anaerobic threshold. Results: Thirty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. HIIT resulted in a clinically significant increase in V˙ O2peak compared with CON (mean difference [MD] = 3.32 mLIkgj1 Iminj1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.56–2.08). Overall HIIT provided added benefit to V˙ O2peak over MCT (MD = 0.79 mLIkgj1 Iminj1, 95% CI =0.20–1.39). The benefit of HIIT was most marked in patients with cardiovascular disease when compared with MCT (V˙ O2peak: MD =1.66 mLIkgj1 Iminj1, 95% CI = 0.60–2.73; anaerobic threshold: MD = 1.61 mLIkgj1 Iminj1, 95% CI = 0.33–2.90). Conclusions: HIIT elicits improvements in objective measures of CRF within 8 wk in diseased cohorts compared with no intervention. When compared with MCT, HIIT imparts statistically significant additional improvements in measures of CRF, with clinically important additional improvements in V˙ O2peak in cardiovascular patients. Comparative efficacy of HIIT versus MCT combined with an often reduced time commitment may warrant HIIT_s promotion as a viable clinical exercise intervention.

Citation

Blackwell, J. E., Doleman, B., Herrod, P., Ricketts, S., Phillips, B. E., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (2018). Short-term (less 8 wk) high-intensity interval training in diseased cohorts. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 50(9), 1740–1749. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001634

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 13, 2018
• Publication Date: Sep 1, 2018
• Deposit Date: Apr 9, 2018
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 21, 2018
• Journal: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
• Print ISSN: 0195-9131
• Electronic ISSN: 1530-0315
• Publisher: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 50
• Issue: 9
• Pages: 1740–1749
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001634
• Keywords: HIIT, VO2peak, anaerobic threshold, clinical, short-term
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/919964
• Publisher URL: https://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Fulltext/2018/09000/Short_Term___8_wk__High_Intensity_Interval.3.aspx