Skip to main content

Research Repository

Advanced Search

Outputs (54)

Label-free Brillouin endo-microscopy for the quantitative 3D imaging of sub-micrometre biology (2024)
Journal Article
La Cavera, S., Chauhan, V. M., Hardiman, W., Yao, M., Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Setchfield, K., …Clark, M. (2024). Label-free Brillouin endo-microscopy for the quantitative 3D imaging of sub-micrometre biology. Communications Biology, 7(1), Article 451. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06126-4

This report presents an optical fibre-based endo-microscopic imaging tool that simultaneously measures the topographic profile and 3D viscoelastic properties of biological specimens through the phenomenon of time-resolved Brillouin scattering. This u... Read More about Label-free Brillouin endo-microscopy for the quantitative 3D imaging of sub-micrometre biology.

Driving next generation manufacturing through advanced metals characterisation capability (2024)
Journal Article
Clare, A., Seita, M., Speidel, A., Collins, P., & Clark, M. (2024). Driving next generation manufacturing through advanced metals characterisation capability. Scripta Materialia, 246, Article 116009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2024.116009

Understanding the effects of manufacturing methods upon materials has driven constant innovation for over 300 years. While our ability to fabricate metallurgical wonders extends into the annals of history our ability to understand the scientific prin... Read More about Driving next generation manufacturing through advanced metals characterisation capability.

Classification of cancer cells at the sub-cellular level by phonon microscopy using deep learning (2023)
Journal Article
Pérez-Cota, F., Martínez-Arellano, G., La Cavera III, S., Hardiman, W., Thornton, L., Fuentes-Domínguez, R., …Clark, M. (2023). Classification of cancer cells at the sub-cellular level by phonon microscopy using deep learning. Scientific Reports, 13, Article 16228. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42793-9

There is a consensus about the strong correlation between the elasticity of cells and tissue and their normal, dysplastic, and cancerous states. However, developments in cell mechanics have not seen significant progress in clinical applications. In t... Read More about Classification of cancer cells at the sub-cellular level by phonon microscopy using deep learning.

Living cells as a biological analog of optical tweezers – a non-invasive microrheology approach (2023)
Journal Article
Hardiman, W., Clark, M., Friel, C., Huett, A., Pérez-Cota, F., Setchfield, K., …Tassieri, M. (2023). Living cells as a biological analog of optical tweezers – a non-invasive microrheology approach. Acta Biomaterialia, 166, 317-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.039

Microrheology, the study of fluids on micron length-scales, promises to reveal insights into cellular biology, including mechanical biomarkers of disease and the interplay between biomechanics and cellular function. Here a minimally-invasive passive... Read More about Living cells as a biological analog of optical tweezers – a non-invasive microrheology approach.

Parallel imaging with phonon microscopy using a multi-core fibre bundle detection (2023)
Journal Article
Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Yao, M., Hardiman, W., La Cavera III, S., Setchfield, K., Pérez-Cota, F., …Clark, M. (2023). Parallel imaging with phonon microscopy using a multi-core fibre bundle detection. Photoacoustics, 31, Article 100493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100493

In this paper, we show a proof-of-concept method to parallelise phonon microscopy measurements for cell elasticity imaging by demonstrating a 3-fold increase in acquisition speed which is limited by current acquisition hardware. Phonon microscopy is... Read More about Parallel imaging with phonon microscopy using a multi-core fibre bundle detection.

Imaging Microstructure on Optically Rough Surfaces Using Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy (2023)
Journal Article
Li, W., Dryburgh, P., Pieris, D., Patel, R., Clark, M., & Smith, R. J. (2023). Imaging Microstructure on Optically Rough Surfaces Using Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy. Applied Sciences, 13(6), Article 3424. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063424

The microstructure of a material defines many of its mechanical properties. Tracking the microstructure of parts during their manufacturing is needed to ensure the designed performance can be obtained, especially for additively manufactured parts. Me... Read More about Imaging Microstructure on Optically Rough Surfaces Using Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy.

Polarization-Sensitive Super-Resolution Phononic Reconstruction of Nanostructures (2022)
Journal Article
Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Naznin, S., La Cavera III, S., Cousins, R., Pérez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., & Clark, M. (2022). Polarization-Sensitive Super-Resolution Phononic Reconstruction of Nanostructures. ACS Photonics, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01607

In this paper, we show for the first time the polarization-sensitive super-resolution phononic reconstruction of multiple nanostructures in a liquid environment by overcoming the diffraction limit of the optical system (1 μm). By using time-resolved... Read More about Polarization-Sensitive Super-Resolution Phononic Reconstruction of Nanostructures.

Measurement of the single crystal elasticity matrix of polycrystalline materials (2021)
Journal Article
Dryburgh, P., Li, W., Pieris, D., Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Patel, R., Smith, R. J., & Clark, M. (2022). Measurement of the single crystal elasticity matrix of polycrystalline materials. Acta Materialia, 225, Article 117551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117551

Many engineering metals are polycrystalline, as such the elasticity, crystalline orientation and grain distribution are cardinal factors in determining the physical properties of the material. The grain distribution can be measured using a number of... Read More about Measurement of the single crystal elasticity matrix of polycrystalline materials.

Phonon imaging in 3D with a fibre probe (2021)
Journal Article
La Cavera III, S., Pérez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., & Clark, M. (2021). Phonon imaging in 3D with a fibre probe. Light: Science and Applications, 10, Article 91. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00532-7

We show for the first time that a single ultrasonic imaging fibre is capable of simultaneously accessing 3D spatial information and mechanical properties from microscopic objects. The novel measurement system consists of two ultrafast lasers that exc... Read More about Phonon imaging in 3D with a fibre probe.

3D phonon microscopy with sub-micron axial-resolution (2021)
Journal Article
Smith, R. J., Perez-Cota, F., Marques, L., & Clark, M. (2021). 3D phonon microscopy with sub-micron axial-resolution. Scientific Reports, 11(1), Article 3301. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82639-w

© 2021, The Author(s). Brillouin light scattering (BLS) is an emerging method for cell imaging and characterisation. It allows elasticity-related contrast, optical resolution and label-free operation. Phonon microscopy detects BLS from laser generate... Read More about 3D phonon microscopy with sub-micron axial-resolution.

Single pixel camera methodologies for spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (2021)
Journal Article
Patel, R., Sharples, S. D., Clark, M., Somekh, M. G., & Li, W. (2021). Single pixel camera methodologies for spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy. Applied Physics Letters, 118(5), Article 051102. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0040123

Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) is a laser ultrasound technique used to determine the crystallographic orientation (i.e. microstructure) of materials through the generation and measurement of surface acoustic wave velocity on a sample... Read More about Single pixel camera methodologies for spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy.

Design of a resonant Luneburg lens for surface acoustic waves (2020)
Journal Article
Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Yao, M., Colombi, A., Dryburgh, P., Pieris, D., Jackson-Crisp, A., …Clark, M. (2021). Design of a resonant Luneburg lens for surface acoustic waves. Ultrasonics, 111, Article 106306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106306

© 2020 In this work we employ additive manufacturing to print a circular array of micropillars on an aluminium slab turning its top surface into a graded index metasurface for surface acoustic waves (SAW). The graded metasurface reproduces a Luneburg... Read More about Design of a resonant Luneburg lens for surface acoustic waves.

Picosecond ultrasonics for elasticity-based imaging and characterization of biological cells (2020)
Journal Article
Pérez-Cota, F., Fuentes-Domínguez, R., La Cavera III, S., Hardiman, W., Yao, M., Setchfield, K., …Clark, M. (2020). Picosecond ultrasonics for elasticity-based imaging and characterization of biological cells. Journal of Applied Physics, 128(16), Article 160902. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0023744

© 2020 Author(s). Characterization of the elasticity of biological cells is growing as a new way to gain insight into cell biology. Cell mechanics are related to most aspects of cellular behavior, and applications in research and medicine are broad.... Read More about Picosecond ultrasonics for elasticity-based imaging and characterization of biological cells.

Tailored elastic surface to body wave Umklapp conversion (2020)
Journal Article
Chaplain, G. J., De Ponti, J. M., Colombi, A., Fuentes-Dominguez, R., Dryburg, P., Pieris, D., …Craster, R. V. (2020). Tailored elastic surface to body wave Umklapp conversion. Nature Communications, 11(1), Article 3267. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17021-x

© 2020, The Author(s). Elastic waves guided along surfaces dominate applications in geophysics, ultrasonic inspection, mechanical vibration, and surface acoustic wave devices; precise manipulation of surface Rayleigh waves and their coupling with pol... Read More about Tailored elastic surface to body wave Umklapp conversion.

Characterising the size and shape of metallic nano-structures by their acoustic vibrations (2020)
Journal Article
Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Naznin, S., Marques, L., Pérez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., & Clark, M. (2020). Characterising the size and shape of metallic nano-structures by their acoustic vibrations. Nanoscale, 12(26), 14230-14236. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0nr03410j

© 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry. The characterisation of metallic nano-structures is of great importance as their optical properties are strongly dependent on their size and shape. Inaccurate size or shape characterisation can result in mislead... Read More about Characterising the size and shape of metallic nano-structures by their acoustic vibrations.

Determining the crystallographic orientation of hexagonal crystal structure materials with surface acoustic wave velocity measurements (2020)
Journal Article
Lain'e, S. J., Dryburgh, P., Smith, R. J., Marrow, P., Lainé, S. J., Sharples, S. D., …Li, W. (2020). Determining the crystallographic orientation of hexagonal crystal structure materials with surface acoustic wave velocity measurements. Ultrasonics, 108, Article 106171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106171

© 2020 Throughout our engineered environment, many materials exhibit a crystalline lattice structure. The orientation of such lattices is crucial in determining functional properties of these structures, including elasticity and magnetism. Hence, too... Read More about Determining the crystallographic orientation of hexagonal crystal structure materials with surface acoustic wave velocity measurements.

Apparent attenuation by opto-acoustic defocus in phonon microscopy (2020)
Journal Article
Fuentes-Domínguez, R., La Cavera, S., Pérez-Cota, F., La Cavera III, S., Naznin, S., Fuentes-Dominguez, R., …Clark, M. (2020). Apparent attenuation by opto-acoustic defocus in phonon microscopy. Photoacoustics, 19, Article 100180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100180

© 2020 The Author(s) Understanding the mechanical properties of biological cells is a challenging problem for the life sciences partly because there are limited methods for mapping elasticity with high resolution. Phonon microscopy is a form of Brill... Read More about Apparent attenuation by opto-acoustic defocus in phonon microscopy.

Laser Induced Phased Arrays (LIPA) to detect nested features in additively manufactured components (2019)
Journal Article
Pieris, D., Stratoudaki, T., Javadi, Y., Lukacs, P., Catchpole-Smith, S., Wilcox, P. D., …Clark, M. (2020). Laser Induced Phased Arrays (LIPA) to detect nested features in additively manufactured components. Materials and Design, 187, Article 108412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108412

© 2019 The Authors. Additive manufacturing (AM) has the capability to build complex parts with internal features, which have many advantages over conventionally manufactured parts. This makes AM an alternative for advanced manufacturing sectors. AM c... Read More about Laser Induced Phased Arrays (LIPA) to detect nested features in additively manufactured components.

Wireless Nanobioelectronics for Electrical Intracellular Sensing (2019)
Journal Article
Sanjuan-Alberte, P., Jain, A., Shaw, A. J., Abayzeed, S. A., Domínguez, R. F., Alea-Reyes, M. E., …Rawson, F. J. (2019). Wireless Nanobioelectronics for Electrical Intracellular Sensing. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2(10), 6397-6408. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.9b01374

For the field of bioelectronics to make an impact on healthcare, there is an urgent requirement for the development of “wireless” electronic systems to enable modulation of chemistry inside of cells. Herein we report on an intracellular wireless elec... Read More about Wireless Nanobioelectronics for Electrical Intracellular Sensing.

Time resolved Brillouin fiber-spectrometer (2019)
Journal Article
La Cavera, S., Pérez-Cota, F., Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Smith, R. J., & Clark, M. (2019). Time resolved Brillouin fiber-spectrometer. Optics Express, 27(18), 25064-25071. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.025064

This report introduces a novel time resolved Brillouin spectrometer, consisting of an opto-acoustic transducer which resides on the tip of a single-mode optical fiber of arbitrary length with 125 µm outer diameter and 5 µm sensing diameter. Demonstra... Read More about Time resolved Brillouin fiber-spectrometer.

Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for texture imaging in powder bed fusion nickel superalloys (2019)
Journal Article
Dryburgh, P., Patel, R., Pieris, D. M., Hirsch, M., Li, W., Sharples, S. D., …Clark, M. (2019). Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for texture imaging in powder bed fusion nickel superalloys. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2102, Article 020004. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5099708

© 2019 Author(s). There is a clear industrial pull to fabricate high value components using premium high temperature aerospace materials by additive manufacturing. Inconveniently, the same material properties which allow them to perform well in servi... Read More about Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for texture imaging in powder bed fusion nickel superalloys.

Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) microstructural imaging (2019)
Journal Article
Clark, M., Clare, A., Dryburgh, P., Li, W., Patel, R., Pieris, D., …Smith, R. (2019). Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) microstructural imaging. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2102, Article 020001. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5099705

© 2019 Author(s). Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) is an acoustic microscopy technique that can image the microstructure and measure the crystallographic orientation of grains or crystals in the material. It works by measuring the velo... Read More about Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) microstructural imaging.

Thickness measurement of polymer thin films with high frequency ultrasonic transducers (2019)
Journal Article
Smith, R. J., Cavera, S. L., Pérez-Cota, F., Marques, L., & Clark, M. (2019). Thickness measurement of polymer thin films with high frequency ultrasonic transducers. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2102(1), 040015-1–040015-6. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5099765

© 2019 Author(s). In this paper we present a method for characterizing the thickness, and more interestingly, the variation of thickness in polymer thin films (

New insights into the mechanical properties of Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts as revealed by phonon microscopy (2019)
Journal Article
Pérez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., Elsheikha, H. M., & Clark, M. (2019). New insights into the mechanical properties of Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts as revealed by phonon microscopy. Biomedical Optics Express, 10(5), 2399-2408. https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.10.002399

The single cell eukaryotic protozoan Acanthamoeba castellanii exhibits a remarkable ability to switch from a vegetative trophozoite stage to a cystic form, in response to stressors. This phenotypic switch involves changes in gene expression and synth... Read More about New insights into the mechanical properties of Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts as revealed by phonon microscopy.

Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy Towards Online Inspection of Additive Manufacturing (2019)
Journal Article
Pieris, D., Patel, R., Dryburgh, P., Hirsch, M., Li, W., Sharples, S., …Clark, M. (2019). Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy Towards Online Inspection of Additive Manufacturing. Insight - Non-Destructive Testing & Condition Monitoring, 61(3), 132-137. https://doi.org/10.1784/insi.2019.61.3.132

High-integrity engineering applications such as aerospace will not permit the incorporation of components containing any structural defects. The current generation of additive manufacturing (AM) platforms yield components with relatively high level... Read More about Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy Towards Online Inspection of Additive Manufacturing.

Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy Towards Online Inspection of Additive Manufacturing (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Milesh Pieris, D., Patel, R., Dryburgh, P., Hirsch, M., Li, W., Sharples, S. D., …Clark, M. (2018). Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy Towards Online Inspection of Additive Manufacturing. In 57th Annual Conference of the British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing

High-integrity engineering applications such as aerospace will not permit the incorporation of components containing any structural defects. The current generation of additive manufacturing platforms yield components with relatively high levels of... Read More about Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy Towards Online Inspection of Additive Manufacturing.

Super-resolution imaging using nano-bells (2018)
Journal Article
Fuentes-Dominguez, R., Pérez-Cota, F., Naznin, S., Smith, R. J., & Clark, M. (2018). Super-resolution imaging using nano-bells. Scientific Reports, 8, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34744-6

In this paper we demonstrate a new scheme for optical super-resolution, inspired, in-part, by PALM and STORM. In this scheme each object in the field of view is tagged with a signal that allows them to be detected separately. By doing this we can ide... Read More about Super-resolution imaging using nano-bells.

Imaging material texture of as-deposited selective laser melted parts using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (2018)
Journal Article
Patel, R., Hirsch, M., Dryburgh, P., Pieris, D., Achamfuo-Yeboah, S., Smith, R., …Clark, M. (2018). Imaging material texture of as-deposited selective laser melted parts using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy. Applied Sciences, 8(10), Article 1991. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101991

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a production technology where material is accumulated to create a structure, often through added shaped layers. The major advantage of additive manufacturing is in creating unique and complex parts for use in areas wher... Read More about Imaging material texture of as-deposited selective laser melted parts using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy.

Wireless bioelectronic nanosystems for intracellular communication (2018)
Other
Sanjuán-Alberte, P., Abayzeed, S. A., Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Alea-Reyesd, M. E., Clark, M., Hague, R., …Rawson, F. (2018). Wireless bioelectronic nanosystems for intracellular communication

In order for the field of bioelectronics to make an impact on healthcare, there is an urgent requirement for the development of “wireless” electronic systems to both sense and actuate cell behaviour. Herein we report the first example of an innovativ... Read More about Wireless bioelectronic nanosystems for intracellular communication.

Crystallographic texture can be rapidly determined by electrochemical surface analytics (2018)
Journal Article
Speidel, A., Su, R., Mitchell-Smith, J., Dryburgh, P., Bisterov, I., Pieris, D., …Clare, A. T. (2018). Crystallographic texture can be rapidly determined by electrochemical surface analytics. Acta Materialia, 159, 89-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.07.059

Orientation affects application-defining properties of crystalline materials. Hence, information in this regard is highly-prized. We show that electrochemical jet processing (EJP), when coupled with accurate metrological appraisal, can characterise c... Read More about Crystallographic texture can be rapidly determined by electrochemical surface analytics.

Targeted rework of powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Dryburgh, P., Patel, R., Catchpole-Smith, S., Hirsch, M., Parry, L., Smith, R. J., …Clare, A. T. (2018). Targeted rework of powder bed fusion additive manufacturing. In Proceedings of LPM2018 - the 19th International Symposium on Laser Precision Microfabrication (#18/030)

There is a clear industrial pull to fabricate high value components using premium high temperature aerospace materials by additive manufacturing. Inconveniently, the same materials’ properties which allow them to perform well in service render them... Read More about Targeted rework of powder bed fusion additive manufacturing.

Non destructive evaluation of biological cells (2018)
Journal Article
Pérez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., Moradi, E., Webb, K. F., & Clark, M. (2019). Non destructive evaluation of biological cells. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2102, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5099737

© 2019 Author(s). Regenerative medicine promises to be the next revolution in health care. This technology, which will be the first systematic manufacturing of biological parts for human consumption, requires non destructive evaluatioin (NDE) thechni... Read More about Non destructive evaluation of biological cells.

Active chiral control of GHz acoustic whispering-gallery modes (2017)
Journal Article
Mezil, S., Fujita, K., Osuka, P. H., Tomoda, M., Clark, M., Wright, O. B., & Matsuda, O. (in press). Active chiral control of GHz acoustic whispering-gallery modes. Applied Physics Letters, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4994886

We selectively generate chiral surface-acoustic whispering gallery modes in the gigahertz range on a microscopic disk by means of an ultrafast time-domain technique incorporating a spatial light modulator. Active chiral control is achieved by making... Read More about Active chiral control of GHz acoustic whispering-gallery modes.

Cell imaging by phonon microscopy: sub-optical wavelength ultrasound for non-invasive imaging (2017)
Journal Article
Perez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., Moradi, E., Leija, A. L., Velickovic, K., Marques, L., …Clark, M. (2017). Cell imaging by phonon microscopy: sub-optical wavelength ultrasound for non-invasive imaging

The mechanical properties of cells play an important role in cell function and behavior. This paper presents recent developments that have enabled the use of laser-generated phonons (ultrasound) with sub-optical wavelengths to look inside living cell... Read More about Cell imaging by phonon microscopy: sub-optical wavelength ultrasound for non-invasive imaging.

Size characterisation method and detection enhancement of plasmonic nanoparticles in a pump–probe system (2017)
Journal Article
Fuentes-Domínguez, R., Smith, R. J., Pérez-Cota, F., Marques, L., Peña-Rodríguez, O., & Clark, M. (2017). Size characterisation method and detection enhancement of plasmonic nanoparticles in a pump–probe system. Applied Sciences, 7(8), Article 819. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7080819

The optical resonance of metal nanoparticles can be used to enhance the generation and detection of their main vibrational mode. In this work, we show that this method allows the accurate characterisation of the particle’s size because the vibrationa... Read More about Size characterisation method and detection enhancement of plasmonic nanoparticles in a pump–probe system.

Enhanced sensing and conversion of ultrasonic Rayleigh waves by elastic metasurfaces (2017)
Journal Article
Colombi, A., Ageeva, V., Smith, R. J., Clare, A. T., Patel, R., Clark, M., …Craster, R. V. (2017). Enhanced sensing and conversion of ultrasonic Rayleigh waves by elastic metasurfaces. Scientific Reports, 7(1), Article 6750. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07151-6

Recent years have heralded the introduction of metasurfaces that advantageously combine the vision of sub-wavelength wave manipulation, with the design, fabrication and size advantages associated with surface excitation. An important topic within met... Read More about Enhanced sensing and conversion of ultrasonic Rayleigh waves by elastic metasurfaces.

Orientation imaging of macro-sized polysilicon grains on wafers using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (2017)
Journal Article
Patel, R., Li, W., Smith, R. J., Sharples, S. D., & Clark, M. (2017). Orientation imaging of macro-sized polysilicon grains on wafers using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy. Scripta Materialia, 140, 67-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.07.003

Due to its economical production process polysilicon, or multicrystalline silicon, is widely used to produce solar cell wafers. However, the conversion efficiencies are often lower than equivalent monocrystalline or thin film cells, with the structur... Read More about Orientation imaging of macro-sized polysilicon grains on wafers using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy.

High resolution 3D imaging of living cells with sub-optical wavelength phonons (2016)
Journal Article
Perez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., Moradi, E., Marques, L., Webb, K. F., & Clark, M. (2016). High resolution 3D imaging of living cells with sub-optical wavelength phonons. Scientific Reports, 6, Article 39326. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39326

Label-free imaging of living cells below the optical diffraction limit poses great challenges for optical microscopy. Biologically relevant structural information remains below the Rayleigh limit and beyond the reach of conventional microscopes. Supe... Read More about High resolution 3D imaging of living cells with sub-optical wavelength phonons.

Novel highly sensitive protein sensors based on tapered optical fibres modified with Au-based nanocoatings (2016)
Journal Article
Urrutia, A., Bojan, K., Marques, L., Mullaney, K., Goicoechea, J., James, S., …Tatam, R. (in press). Novel highly sensitive protein sensors based on tapered optical fibres modified with Au-based nanocoatings. Journal of Sensors, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8129387

Novel protein sensors based on tapered optical fibres modified with Au coatings deposited using two different procedures are proposed. Au-based coatings are deposited onto a nonadiabatic tapered optical fibre using (i) a novel facile method composed... Read More about Novel highly sensitive protein sensors based on tapered optical fibres modified with Au-based nanocoatings.

Thin-film transducers for the detection and imaging of Brillouin oscillations in transmission on cultured cells (2015)
Journal Article
Perez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., Moradi, E., Webb, K. F., & Clark, M. (in press). Thin-film transducers for the detection and imaging of Brillouin oscillations in transmission on cultured cells. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 684(1), https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/684/1/012003

Mechanical imaging and characterisation of biological cells has been a subject of interest for the last twenty years. Ultrasonic imaging based on the scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) and mechanical probing have been extensively reported. Large acou... Read More about Thin-film transducers for the detection and imaging of Brillouin oscillations in transmission on cultured cells.

Thin-film optoacoustic transducers for the subcellular Brillouin oscillation imaging of individual biological cells (2015)
Journal Article
Perez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., Moradi, E., Marques, L., Webb, K. F., & Clark, M. (2015). Thin-film optoacoustic transducers for the subcellular Brillouin oscillation imaging of individual biological cells. Applied Optics, 54(28), https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.008388

Mechanical characterisation and imaging of biological tissue has piqued interest in the applicability to cell and tissue biology. One method, based on detection of Brillouin oscillations, has already lead to demonstrations on biological cells using u... Read More about Thin-film optoacoustic transducers for the subcellular Brillouin oscillation imaging of individual biological cells.

Highly sensitive optical fibre long period grating biosensor anchored with silica core gold shell nanoparticles (2015)
Journal Article
Marques, L. M., Hernandez, F. U., James, S. W., Morgan, S. P., Clark, M., Tatam, R. P., & Korposh, S. (2016). Highly sensitive optical fibre long period grating biosensor anchored with silica core gold shell nanoparticles. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.046

An optical fibre long period grating (LPG), modified with a coating of silica core gold shell (SiO2:Au) nanoparticles (NPs) deposited using the layer-by-layer method, was employed for the development of a biosensor. The SiO2:Au NPs were electrostatic... Read More about Highly sensitive optical fibre long period grating biosensor anchored with silica core gold shell nanoparticles.

Facile approach to generating polymeric nanoarrays containing populations of nanoparticles (2015)
Journal Article
Marques, L., Chen, X., Roberts, C. J., Clark, M., & Aylott, J. W. (2015). Facile approach to generating polymeric nanoarrays containing populations of nanoparticles. Micro and Nano Letters, 10(8), 378-383. doi:10.1049/mnl.2015.0041

The production of nanoarrays containing a population of entrapped, heterogeneous nanoparticles is reported. The nanoarray consists of a nanoporous film with pores of diameter 60-180 nm, formed from the phase separation of two immiscible polymers: pol... Read More about Facile approach to generating polymeric nanoarrays containing populations of nanoparticles.

Optically excited nanoscale ultrasonic transducers (2015)
Journal Article
Smith, R. J., Cota, F. P., Marques, L., Chen, X., Arca, A., Webb, K., …Clark, M. (2015). Optically excited nanoscale ultrasonic transducers. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 137(1), 219-227. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4904487

© 2015 Acoustical Society of America. In order to work at higher ultrasonic frequencies, for instance, to increase the resolution, it is necessary to fabricate smaller and higher frequency transducers. This paper presents an ultrasonic transducer cap... Read More about Optically excited nanoscale ultrasonic transducers.

Widefield two laser interferometry (2014)
Journal Article
Patel, R., Achamfuo-Yeboah, S., Light, R. A., & Clark, M. (2014). Widefield two laser interferometry. Optics Express, 22(22), https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.027094

A novel system has been developed that can capture the wide- field interference pattern generated by interfering two independent and incoherent laser sources. The interferograms are captured using a custom CMOS modulated light camera (MLC) which is c... Read More about Widefield two laser interferometry.

Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for rapid imaging of material microstructure and grain orientation (2014)
Journal Article
Smith, R. J., Li, W., Coulson, J., Clark, M., Somekh, M. G., & Sharples, S. D. (2014). Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for rapid imaging of material microstructure and grain orientation. Measurement Science and Technology, 25(5), Article 055902. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/25/5/055902

Measuring the grain structure of aerospace materials is very important to understand their mechanical properties and in-service performance. Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy is an acoustic technique utilizing surface acoustic waves to map the... Read More about Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for rapid imaging of material microstructure and grain orientation.

Determination of crystallographic orientation of large grain metals with surface acoustic waves (2012)
Journal Article
Li, W., Sharples, S. D., Smith, R. J., Clark, M., & Somekh, M. G. (2012). Determination of crystallographic orientation of large grain metals with surface acoustic waves. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 132(2), 738-745. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4731226

A previously described laser ultrasonic technique known as spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) can be used to image surface microstructure, using the local surface acoustic wave (SAW) velocity as a contrast mechanism. It is shown here tha... Read More about Determination of crystallographic orientation of large grain metals with surface acoustic waves.

Ultrastable heterodyne interferometer system using a CMOS modulated light camera (2012)
Journal Article
Patel, R., Achamfuo-Yeboah, S., Light, R., & Clark, M. (2012). Ultrastable heterodyne interferometer system using a CMOS modulated light camera. Optics Express, 20(16), https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.017722

A novel ultrastable widefield interferometer is presented. This uses a modulated light camera (MLC) to capture and stabilise the interferogram in the widefield heterodyne interferometer. This system eliminates the contribution of piston phase to the... Read More about Ultrastable heterodyne interferometer system using a CMOS modulated light camera.

Widefield heterodyne interferometry using a custom CMOS modulated light camera (2011)
Journal Article
Patel, R., Achamfuo-Yeboah, S., Light, R., & Clark, M. (2011). Widefield heterodyne interferometry using a custom CMOS modulated light camera. Optics Express, 19(24), https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.024546

In this paper a method of taking widefield heterodyne inter- ferograms using a prototype modulated light camera is described. This custom CMOS modulated light camera (MLC) uses analogue quadrature demodulation at each pixel to output the phase and am... Read More about Widefield heterodyne interferometry using a custom CMOS modulated light camera.

Widefield ultrastable heterodyne interferometry using a custom CMOS modulated light camera (2011)
Conference Proceeding
Patel, R., Clark, M., & Achamfuo-Yeboah, S. (2011). Widefield ultrastable heterodyne interferometry using a custom CMOS modulated light camera.

A method of detecting optical heterodyne interference fringes using a custom CMOS modulated light camera array has been developed. Widefield phase images are generated using quadrature demodulation and are kept stable using a feedback system. © 2011... Read More about Widefield ultrastable heterodyne interferometry using a custom CMOS modulated light camera.

CHOTs optical transducers (2011)
Journal Article
Arca, A., Aylott, J., Marques, L., Clark, M., Somekh, M., Smith, R., …Chen, X. (2011). CHOTs optical transducers. Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation, 26(3-4), 353-366. https://doi.org/10.1080/10589759.2011.573555

Laser ultrasonics conventionally use direct absorption in the sample to generate ultrasound and monitor the sample to detect the ultrasound. However, in some circumstances there are significant advantages to using an optical transducer - a device to... Read More about CHOTs optical transducers.

The design and characterisation of an optical VLSI processor for real time centroid detection (2002)
Journal Article
Pui, B. H., Hayes-Gill, B., Clark, M., Somekh, M., See, C., Piéri, J. F., …Ng, A. (2002). The design and characterisation of an optical VLSI processor for real time centroid detection. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 32(1), 67-75. https://doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1016075825331

The integration of photo-detectors onto a standard CMOS integrated circuit is presented. This device provides the optical front end for a real time centroid detection system to be used as part of a larger system for implementing a Shack-Hartmann wave... Read More about The design and characterisation of an optical VLSI processor for real time centroid detection.

The Design of a Real Time VLSI Optical Centroid Processor (2002)
Conference Proceeding
Pui, B. H., Hayes-Gill, B., Clark, M., Somekh, M., See, C., Morgan, S., & Ng, A. (2002). The Design of a Real Time VLSI Optical Centroid Processor. In IEEE Sensors 2002 : first IEEE International Conference on Sensors. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2002.1036977

A real time VLSI optical centroid processor has been developed as part of a larger Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor system for applications in adaptive optics. The implementation of the optical centroid detection system was demonstrated successfully u... Read More about The Design of a Real Time VLSI Optical Centroid Processor.