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All Outputs (960)

A cross-sectional survey of mental health clinicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice relating to tobacco dependence among young people with mental disorders (2014)
Journal Article
Kulkarni, M., Huddlestone, L., Taylor, A., Sayal,, K., & Ratschen, E. (2014). A cross-sectional survey of mental health clinicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice relating to tobacco dependence among young people with mental disorders. BMC Health Services Research, 14(618), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-014-0618-x

BACKGROUND: Mental health services in England are smoke-free by law and expected to provide comprehensive support to patients who smoke. Although clinicians’ knowledge in this area is reported to be limited, research exploring the issue in Child and... Read More about A cross-sectional survey of mental health clinicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice relating to tobacco dependence among young people with mental disorders.

Effect of Corticosteroid Therapy on Influenza-Related Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2014)
Journal Article
Rodrigo, C., Leonardi-Bee, J., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Lim, W. S. (2015). Effect of Corticosteroid Therapy on Influenza-Related Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 212(2), 183-194. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu645

Background: Most studies have reported that corticosteroid therapy adversely influences influenza-related outcomes. Methods: Electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2013 for experimental and observational studies investigating s... Read More about Effect of Corticosteroid Therapy on Influenza-Related Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Predictors of children's secondhand smoke exposure at home: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the evidence (2014)
Journal Article
Orton, S., Jones, L. L., Cooper, S., Lewis, S., & Coleman, T. (2014). Predictors of children's secondhand smoke exposure at home: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the evidence. PLoS ONE, 9(11), Article e112690. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112690

BACKGROUND: Children's exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) has been causally linked to a number of childhood morbidities and mortalities. Over 50% of UK children whose parents are smokers are regularly exposed to SHS at home. No previous review has id... Read More about Predictors of children's secondhand smoke exposure at home: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the evidence.

Persistence of health inequalities in childhood injury in the UK: a population-based cohort study of children under 5 (2014)
Journal Article
Orton, E., Kendrick, D., West, J., & Tata, L. J. (2014). Persistence of health inequalities in childhood injury in the UK: a population-based cohort study of children under 5. PLoS ONE, 9(10), Article e111631. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111631

BACKGROUND: Injury is a significant cause of childhood death and can result in substantial long-term disability. Injuries are more common in children from socio-economically deprived families, contributing to health inequalities between the most and... Read More about Persistence of health inequalities in childhood injury in the UK: a population-based cohort study of children under 5.

A comparison of UK primary care data with other national data sources for monitoring the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy (2014)
Journal Article
Dhalwani, N. N., Tata, L. J., Coleman, T., Fiaschi, L., & Szatkowski, L. (2015). A comparison of UK primary care data with other national data sources for monitoring the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy. Journal of Public Health, 37(3), 547-554. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdu060

Background: We aimed to assess the potential usefulness of primary care data for estimating smoking prevalence in pregnancy by comparing the primary care data estimates with those obtained from other data sources. Methods: In The Health Improvement... Read More about A comparison of UK primary care data with other national data sources for monitoring the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy.

What characteristics of primary care and patients are associated with early death in patients with lung cancer in the UK? (2014)
Journal Article
O'Dowd, E. L., McKeever, T. M., Baldwin, D. R., Anwar, S., Powell, H. A., Gibson, J. E., …Hubbard, R. B. (2015). What characteristics of primary care and patients are associated with early death in patients with lung cancer in the UK?. Thorax, 70(2), https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-205692

Background: The UK has poor lung cancer survival rates and high early mortality, compared to other countries. We aimed to identify factors associated with early death, and features of primary care that might contribute to late diagnosis. Methods: Al... Read More about What characteristics of primary care and patients are associated with early death in patients with lung cancer in the UK?.

Are IBD patients more likely to have a prior diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome?: report of a case-control study in the General Practice Research Database (2014)
Journal Article
Card, T. R., Siffledeen, J., & Fleming, K. M. (2014). Are IBD patients more likely to have a prior diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome?: report of a case-control study in the General Practice Research Database. United European Gastroenterology Journal, 2(6), https://doi.org/10.1177/2050640614554217

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are sometimes first diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which may be construed as a misdiagnosis. Objective: The objective of this article is to determine if this occurs more than ex... Read More about Are IBD patients more likely to have a prior diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome?: report of a case-control study in the General Practice Research Database.

Limited risks of major congenital anomalies in children of mothers with coeliac disease: a population-based cohort study (2014)
Journal Article
Ban, L., West, J., Abdul Sultan, A., Dhalwani, N. N., Ludvigsson, J. F., & Tata, L. J. (in press). Limited risks of major congenital anomalies in children of mothers with coeliac disease: a population-based cohort study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 122(13), https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13102

Objective: To examine major congenital anomaly (CA) risks in children of mothers with coeliac disease (CD) compared with mothers without CD. Design: Population-based cohort study. Setting: Linked maternal–child medical records from a large pr... Read More about Limited risks of major congenital anomalies in children of mothers with coeliac disease: a population-based cohort study.

Use of varenicline for smoking cessation treatment in UK primary care: an association rule mining analysis (2014)
Journal Article
Huang, Y., Lewis, S., & Britton, J. (2014). Use of varenicline for smoking cessation treatment in UK primary care: an association rule mining analysis. BMC Public Health, 14, Article 1024. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1024

BACKGROUND: Varenicline is probably the most effective smoking cessation pharmacotherapy, but is less widely used than nicotine replacement therapy. We therefore set out to identify the characteristics of numerically important groups of patients who... Read More about Use of varenicline for smoking cessation treatment in UK primary care: an association rule mining analysis.

A cluster-randomised controlled trial to test the efficacy of facemasks in preventing respiratory viral infection among Hajj pilgrims (2014)
Journal Article
Wang, M., Barasheed, O., Rashid, H., Booy, R., El Bashir, H., Haworth, E., …Heron, L. (in press). A cluster-randomised controlled trial to test the efficacy of facemasks in preventing respiratory viral infection among Hajj pilgrims. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 5(2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jegh.2014.08.002

BACKGROUND: Cost-effective interventions are needed to control the transmission of viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in mass gatherings. Facemasks are a promising preventive measure, however, previous studies on the efficacy of facemasks have... Read More about A cluster-randomised controlled trial to test the efficacy of facemasks in preventing respiratory viral infection among Hajj pilgrims.

Increasing global mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the twenty-first century (2014)
Journal Article
Hutchinson, J. P., McKeever, T. M., Fogarty, A. W., Navaratnam, V., & Hubbard, R. B. (2014). Increasing global mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the twenty-first century. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 11(8), https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201404-145OC

Rationale: Recent evidence from the United Kingdom suggests that the number of deaths from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is increasing, although comparable international data are limited. Objectives: We aimed to collate death certification data f... Read More about Increasing global mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the twenty-first century.

Effect of nicotine patches in pregnancy on infant and maternal outcomes at 2 years: follow-up from the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled SNAP trial (2014)
Journal Article
Cooper, S., Taggar, J., Lewis, S., Marlow, N., Dickinson, A., Whitemore, R., & Coleman, T. (2014). Effect of nicotine patches in pregnancy on infant and maternal outcomes at 2 years: follow-up from the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled SNAP trial. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 2(9), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600%2814%2970157-2

BACKGROUND: The SNAP (Smoking and Nicotine in Pregnancy) trial compared nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) patches with placebo in pregnant smokers; although NRT doubled cessation rates in the first 4 weeks, by delivery no differences in maternal sm... Read More about Effect of nicotine patches in pregnancy on infant and maternal outcomes at 2 years: follow-up from the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled SNAP trial.

Effectiveness of travel restrictions in the rapid containment of human influenza: a systematic review (2014)
Journal Article
Mateus, A., Otete, H. E., Beck, C. R., Dolan, G. P., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (in press). Effectiveness of travel restrictions in the rapid containment of human influenza: a systematic review. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 92(12), Article 868-880d. https://doi.org/10.2471/blt.14.135590

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of internal and international travel restrictions in the rapid containment of influenza. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review according to the requirements of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemati... Read More about Effectiveness of travel restrictions in the rapid containment of human influenza: a systematic review.

The incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in the UK, 1999–2012 (2014)
Journal Article
Rees, F., Doherty, M., Grainge, M. J., Davenport, G., Lanyon, P., & Zhang, W. (in press). The incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in the UK, 1999–2012. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 75(1), https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206334

Objectives: To estimate the incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the UK over the period 1999–2012. Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). The incidence was calculate... Read More about The incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in the UK, 1999–2012.

Effectiveness of a mobile, drop-in stop smoking service in reaching and supporting disadvantaged UK smokers to quit (2014)
Journal Article
Venn, A., Dickinson, A., Murray, R., Jones, L., Li, J., Parrott, S., & McNeill, A. (2014). Effectiveness of a mobile, drop-in stop smoking service in reaching and supporting disadvantaged UK smokers to quit. Tobacco Control, 25(1), 33-38. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051760

Background: In countries where there are large disparities in smoking with persistent high rates among disadvantaged groups, there is a need to ensure that stop smoking services (SSS) reach such smokers. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate... Read More about Effectiveness of a mobile, drop-in stop smoking service in reaching and supporting disadvantaged UK smokers to quit.

The incidence of other gastroenterological disease following diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in the UK: a cohort study (2014)
Journal Article
Canavan, C., Card, T. R., & West, J. (2014). The incidence of other gastroenterological disease following diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in the UK: a cohort study. PLoS ONE, 9(9), Article e106478. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106478

BACKGROUND: Guidelines recommend Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) diagnosis and management in primary care with minimal investigations; however little evidence exists regarding risk of organic gastrointestinal conditions following diagnosis of IBS and... Read More about The incidence of other gastroenterological disease following diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in the UK: a cohort study.

Accumulation of human-adapting mutations during circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in humans in the United Kingdom (2014)
Journal Article
Elderfield, R. A., Watson, S. J., Godlee, A., Adamson, W. E., Thompson, C. I., Dunning, J., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (in press). Accumulation of human-adapting mutations during circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in humans in the United Kingdom. Journal of Virology, 88(22), https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01636-14

The influenza pandemic that emerged in 2009 provided an unprecedented opportunity to study adaptation of a virus recently acquired from an animal source during human transmission. In the United Kingdom, the novel virus spread in three temporally dist... Read More about Accumulation of human-adapting mutations during circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in humans in the United Kingdom.