All Outputs (77)

Does cost feedback modify demand for common blood tests in secondary care? A prospective controlled intervention study (2019)
Journal Article
Lewis, S., Young, B., Thurley, P., Shaw, D., Cranwell, J., Skelly, R., …Fogarty, A. W. (2019). Does cost feedback modify demand for common blood tests in secondary care? A prospective controlled intervention study. Future Healthcare Journal, 6(3), 204-208. https://doi.org/10.7861/fhj.2019-0001

Background: Behavioural insights or ‘nudge’ theory suggests that non-directional interventions may be used to modify human behaviour. We have tested the hypothesis that the provision of the cost of common blood tests with their results may modify sub... Read More about Does cost feedback modify demand for common blood tests in secondary care? A prospective controlled intervention study.

Changes in Asthma Mortality in England and Wales since 2001 (2019)
Journal Article
Shaw, D. E., Gaynor, C. M., & Fogarty, A. (2019). Changes in Asthma Mortality in England and Wales since 2001. Thorax, 74(12), 1174-1175. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213350

The number of deaths from asthma in England and Wales has not changed significantly over the last decade. This lack of improvement has received attention from both national asthma guidelines and the media. We examined asthma death data from the Offic... Read More about Changes in Asthma Mortality in England and Wales since 2001.

Evaluation of a nudge intervention providing simple feedback to clinicians of the consequence of radiation exposure on demand for computerised tomography scans: a prospective, controlled study (2019)
Journal Article
Lewis, S., Shaw, D., Langley, T., Fogarty, A., Young, B., & Cranwell, O. (2019). Evaluation of a nudge intervention providing simple feedback to clinicians of the consequence of radiation exposure on demand for computerised tomography scans: a prospective, controlled study. Clinical Medicine, 19(4), 290-293. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.19-4-290

Computerised tomography (CT) is readily available in developed countries. As one of the side-effects includes an increased risk of cancer, interventions that may encourage more judicious use of CT scans are important. Behavioural economics theory inc... Read More about Evaluation of a nudge intervention providing simple feedback to clinicians of the consequence of radiation exposure on demand for computerised tomography scans: a prospective, controlled study.

An interview analysis of coordination behaviours in out-of-hours secondary care (2019)
Journal Article
Martindale, S., Golightly, D., Pinchin, J., Shaw, D., Blakey, J., Perez, I., & Sharples, S. (2019). An interview analysis of coordination behaviours in out-of-hours secondary care. Applied Ergonomics, 81, Article 102861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2019.05.011

This paper seeks to elicit and structure the factors that shape the execution and, in particular, the coordination of work in Out of Hours care. Evenings and weekends in UK hospitals are managed by specific Out of Hours (OoH) care arrangements, and a... Read More about An interview analysis of coordination behaviours in out-of-hours secondary care.

IL-17–high asthma with features of a psoriasis immunophenotype (2019)
Journal Article
Östling, J., van Geest, M., Schofield, J. P., Jevnikar, Z., Wilson, S., Ward, J., …Praticò, G. (2019). IL-17–high asthma with features of a psoriasis immunophenotype. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 144(5), 1198-1213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2019.03.027

© 2019 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Background: The role of IL-17 immunity is well established in patients with inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, but not in asthmatic patients, in whom furt... Read More about IL-17–high asthma with features of a psoriasis immunophenotype.

Stratification of asthma phenotypes by airway proteomic signatures (2019)
Journal Article
Schofield, J. P., Burg, D., Nicholas, B., Strazzeri, F., Brandsma, J., Staykova, D., …Nihlén, U. (2019). Stratification of asthma phenotypes by airway proteomic signatures. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 144(1), 70-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2019.03.013

© 2019 Background: Stratification by eosinophil and neutrophil counts increases our understanding of asthma and helps target therapy, but there is room for improvement in our accuracy in prediction of treatment responses and a need for better underst... Read More about Stratification of asthma phenotypes by airway proteomic signatures.

“T2-high” in severe asthma related to blood eosinophil, exhaled nitric oxide and serum periostin (2019)
Journal Article
Pavlidis, S., Takahashi, K., Kwong, F. N. K., Xie, J., Hoda, U., Sun, K., …Chung, K. F. (2019). “T2-high” in severe asthma related to blood eosinophil, exhaled nitric oxide and serum periostin. European Respiratory Journal, 53(1), Article 1800938. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00938-2018

Copyright ©ERS 2019. Type-2 (T2) immune responses in airway epithelial cells (AECs) classifies mild–moderate asthma into a T2-high phenotype. We examined whether currently available clinical biomarkers can predict AEC-defined T2-high phenotype withi... Read More about “T2-high” in severe asthma related to blood eosinophil, exhaled nitric oxide and serum periostin.

Enhanced oxidative stress in smoking and ex-smoking severe asthma in the U-BIOPRED cohort (2018)
Journal Article
Emma, R., Bansal, A. T., Kolmert, J., Wheelock, C. E., Dahlen, S., Loza, M. J., …U-BIOPRED Study Group. (2018). Enhanced oxidative stress in smoking and ex-smoking severe asthma in the U-BIOPRED cohort. PLoS ONE, 13(9), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203874

Oxidative stress is believed to be a major driver of inflammation in smoking asthmatics. The U-BIOPRED project recruited a cohort of Severe Asthma smokers/ex-smokers (SAs/ex) and non-smokers (SAn) with extensive clinical and biomarker information ena... Read More about Enhanced oxidative stress in smoking and ex-smoking severe asthma in the U-BIOPRED cohort.

Impact of straight to test pathways on time to diagnosis in oesophageal and gastric cancer (2018)
Journal Article
Jones, J. A., Catton, J., Howard, G., Leeder, P., Brewer, L., Hatton, J., & Shaw, D. E. (2018). Impact of straight to test pathways on time to diagnosis in oesophageal and gastric cancer. BMJ Open Quality, 7(3), e000328. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2018-000328

Background: Cancer survival in the UK has doubled in the last 40 years; however, 1-year and 5-year survival rates are still lower than other countries. One cause may be a delay between referral into secondary care and subsequent investigation. We set... Read More about Impact of straight to test pathways on time to diagnosis in oesophageal and gastric cancer.

Epithelial IL-6 trans-signaling defines a new asthma phenotype with increased airway inflammation (2018)
Journal Article
Jevnikar, Z., Östling, J., Ax, E., Calvén, J., Thörn, K., Israelsson, E., …Olsson, H. K. (in press). Epithelial IL-6 trans-signaling defines a new asthma phenotype with increased airway inflammation. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2018.05.026

Background: Although several studies link high levels of IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) with asthma severity and decreased lung function, the role of IL-6 trans-signaling (IL-6TS) in asthma is unclear. Objective: To explore the association... Read More about Epithelial IL-6 trans-signaling defines a new asthma phenotype with increased airway inflammation.

Sputum proteomics and airway cell transcripts of current and ex-smokers with severe asthma in U-BIOPRED: an exploratory analysis (2018)
Journal Article
Takahashi, K., Pavlidis, S., Ng Kee Kwong, F., Hoda, U., Rossios, C., Sun, K., …Chung, K. F. (2018). Sputum proteomics and airway cell transcripts of current and ex-smokers with severe asthma in U-BIOPRED: an exploratory analysis. European Respiratory Journal, 51(5), https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02173-2017

Background: Severe asthma patients with a significant smoking history have airflow obstruction with reported neutrophilia. We hypothesise that multi-omic analysis will enable the definition of smoking and ex-smoking severe asthma molecular phenotypes... Read More about Sputum proteomics and airway cell transcripts of current and ex-smokers with severe asthma in U-BIOPRED: an exploratory analysis.

IL-6 pathway upregulation in subgroup of severe asthma is associated with neutrophilia and poor lung function (2018)
Journal Article
Turan, N., Edwards, M., Bates, S., Shaw, D., Chung, K., Loza, M., …Van Oosterhout, A. (2018). IL-6 pathway upregulation in subgroup of severe asthma is associated with neutrophilia and poor lung function. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 48(4), 475-478. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13085

A randomised pragmatic trial of corticosteroid optimization in severe asthma using a composite biomarker algorithm to adjust corticosteroid dose versus standard care: study protocol for a randomised trial (2018)
Journal Article
Hanratty, C. E., Matthews, J. G., Arron, J. R., Choy, D. F., Pavord, I. D., Bradding, P., …Heaney, L. G. (2018). A randomised pragmatic trial of corticosteroid optimization in severe asthma using a composite biomarker algorithm to adjust corticosteroid dose versus standard care: study protocol for a randomised trial. Trials, 19, Article 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-2384-7

Background: Patients with difficult-to-control asthma consume 50–60% of healthcare costs attributed to asthma and cost approximately five-times more than patients with mild stable disease. Recent evidence demonstrates that not all patients with asthm... Read More about A randomised pragmatic trial of corticosteroid optimization in severe asthma using a composite biomarker algorithm to adjust corticosteroid dose versus standard care: study protocol for a randomised trial.

Accurate identification of hospital admissions from care homes: development and validation of an automated algorithm (2017)
Journal Article
Housley, G., Lewis, S., Usman, A., Gordon, A. L., & Shaw, D. E. (2018). Accurate identification of hospital admissions from care homes: development and validation of an automated algorithm. Age and Ageing, 47(3), 387-391. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afx182

Background: measuring the complex needs of care home residents is crucial for resource allocation. Hospital patient administration systems (PAS) may not accurately identify admissions from care homes. Objective: to develop and validate an accurate,... Read More about Accurate identification of hospital admissions from care homes: development and validation of an automated algorithm.

Transcriptomic gene signatures associated with persistent airflow limitation in patients with severe asthma (2017)
Journal Article
Hekking, P., Loza, M. J., Pavlidis, S., De Meulder, B., Lefaudeux, D., Baribaud, F., …Sterk, P. J. (2017). Transcriptomic gene signatures associated with persistent airflow limitation in patients with severe asthma. European Respiratory Journal, 50(3), https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02298-2016

A proportion of severe asthma patients suffers from persistent airflow limitation (PAL), often associated with more symptoms and exacerbations. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here, our aim was to discover unexplored potential mechan... Read More about Transcriptomic gene signatures associated with persistent airflow limitation in patients with severe asthma.

Pathway discovery using transcriptomic profiles in adult-onset severe asthma (2017)
Journal Article
Hekking, P., Loza, M. J., Pavlidis, S., de Meulder, B., Lefaudeux, D., Baribaud, F., …Sterk, P. J. (2018). Pathway discovery using transcriptomic profiles in adult-onset severe asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 141(4), 1280-1290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.06.037

Background: Adult-onset severe asthma is characterized by highly symptomatic disease despite high-intensity asthma treatments. Understanding of the underlying pathways of this heterogeneous disease is needed for the development of targeted treatments... Read More about Pathway discovery using transcriptomic profiles in adult-onset severe asthma.

Comparable reductions in hyperpnoea-induced bronchoconstriction and markers of airway inflammation after supplementation with 6·2 and 3·1 g/d of long-chain n-3 PUFA in adults with asthma (2017)
Journal Article
Williams, N. C., Hunter, K. A., Shaw, D. E., Jackson, K. G., Sharpe, G. R., & Johnson, M. A. (2017). Comparable reductions in hyperpnoea-induced bronchoconstriction and markers of airway inflammation after supplementation with 6·2 and 3·1 g/d of long-chain n-3 PUFA in adults with asthma. British Journal of Nutrition, 117(10), https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114517001246

Although high dose n-3 PUFA supplementation reduces exercise- and hyperpnoea-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB/HIB), there are concurrent issues with cost, compliance and gastrointestinal discomfort. It is thus pertinent to establish the efficacy of l... Read More about Comparable reductions in hyperpnoea-induced bronchoconstriction and markers of airway inflammation after supplementation with 6·2 and 3·1 g/d of long-chain n-3 PUFA in adults with asthma.

The role of histone arginine methylation in gene expression of airway smooth muscle cells in asthma (2017)
Presentation / Conference
Kaczmarek, K. A., Clifford, R. L., Patel, J. K., Shaw, D., Dowden, J., & Knox, A. J. (2017, May). The role of histone arginine methylation in gene expression of airway smooth muscle cells in asthma. Poster presented at American Thoracic Society 2017 International Conference

Introduction and objectives: Asthma is estimated to affect at least 300 million people globally. About 25% of the patients do not respond to therapy; therefore we need to develop novel treatments. ASM cells have a crucial role in asthma, contributin... Read More about The role of histone arginine methylation in gene expression of airway smooth muscle cells in asthma.

Beta-agonist overuse and delay in obtaining medical review in high risk asthma: a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial (2017)
Journal Article
Pilcher, J., Patel, M., Pritchard, A., Thayabaran, D., Ebmeier, S., Shaw, D., …Beasley, R. (2017). Beta-agonist overuse and delay in obtaining medical review in high risk asthma: a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial. npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine, 27(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41533-017-0032-z

Asthma mortality surveys report delays in seeking medical review and overuse of beta-agonist therapy as factors contributing to a fatal outcome. However, the strength of these associations is limited because many asthma deaths are unwitnessed. We und... Read More about Beta-agonist overuse and delay in obtaining medical review in high risk asthma: a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial.

Predicting hospital stay, mortality and readmission in people admitted for hypoglycaemia: prognostic models derivation and validation (2017)
Journal Article
Zaccardi, F., Webb, D. R., Davies, M. J., Dhalwani, N. N., Gray, L. J., Chatterjee, S., …Khunti, K. (2017). Predicting hospital stay, mortality and readmission in people admitted for hypoglycaemia: prognostic models derivation and validation. Diabetologia, 60(6), 1007-1015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-017-4235-1

Aims/hypothesis: Hospital admissions for hypoglycaemia represent a significant burden on individuals with diabetes and have a substantial economic impact on healthcare systems. To date, no prognostic models have been developed to predict outcomes fol... Read More about Predicting hospital stay, mortality and readmission in people admitted for hypoglycaemia: prognostic models derivation and validation.