All Outputs (55)

Molecular mechanisms underpinning favourable physiological adaptations to exercise prehabilitation for urological cancer surgery (2023)
Journal Article

BACKGROUND: Surgery for urological cancers is associated with high complication rates and survivors commonly experience fatigue, reduced physical ability and quality of life. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) as surgical prehabilitation has bee... Read More about Molecular mechanisms underpinning favourable physiological adaptations to exercise prehabilitation for urological cancer surgery.

The metabolic effects of intermittent versus continuous feeding in critically ill patients (2023)
Journal Article

Intermittent (or bolus) feeding regimens in critically ill patients have been of increasing interest to clinicians and scientists. Changes in amino acid, fat and carbohydrate metabolites over time might yet deliver other benefits (e.g. modulation of... Read More about The metabolic effects of intermittent versus continuous feeding in critically ill patients.

Protein dose requirements to maximise skeletal muscle protein synthesis after repeated bouts of resistance exercise in young trained women (2023)
Journal Article

Studies examining the effect of protein (PRO) feeding on post resistance exercise (RE) muscle protein synthesis (MPS) have primarily been performed in men, and little evidence is available regarding the quantity of PRO required to maximally stimulate... Read More about Protein dose requirements to maximise skeletal muscle protein synthesis after repeated bouts of resistance exercise in young trained women.

Characterization of a Helicobacter pylori strain with high biofilm-forming ability (2023)
Journal Article

Introduction. Helicobacter pylori is highly polymorphic, and some strains are much more likely to cause disease than others. Biofilm formation can help bacteria to survive antibiotic treatment, immune attack and other stresses, promoting persistent i... Read More about Characterization of a Helicobacter pylori strain with high biofilm-forming ability.

Deuterium brain imaging at 7T during D2O dosing (2022)
Journal Article

Purpose To characterize the (2H) deuterium MR signal measured from human brain at 7T in participants loading with D2O to ˜1.5% enrichment over a six-week period. Methods 2H spectroscopy and imaging measurements were used to track the time-course... Read More about Deuterium brain imaging at 7T during D2O dosing.

Effects of GLP-1 Infusion Upon Whole-body Glucose Uptake and Skeletal Muscle Perfusion During Fed-state in Older Men (2022)
Journal Article

Introduction Ageing skeletal muscles become both insulin resistant and atrophic. The hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) facilitates postprandial glucose uptake as well as augmenting muscle perfusion, independent of insulin action. We thus hypot... Read More about Effects of GLP-1 Infusion Upon Whole-body Glucose Uptake and Skeletal Muscle Perfusion During Fed-state in Older Men.

Caloric restriction improves glycaemic control without reducing plasma branched-chain amino acids or keto-acids in obese men (2022)
Journal Article

Higher plasma leucine, isoleucine and valine (BCAA) concentrations are associated with diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Here, we evaluated the effects of 6-weeks very-low calorie diet (VLCD) upon fasting BCAA in overweight (OW) non-diab... Read More about Caloric restriction improves glycaemic control without reducing plasma branched-chain amino acids or keto-acids in obese men.

Motor unit dysregulation following 15 days of unilateral lower limb immobilisation (2022)
Journal Article

Abstract: Disuse atrophy, caused by situations of unloading such as limb immobilisation, causes a rapid yet diverging reduction in skeletal muscle function when compared to muscle mass. While mechanistic insight into the loss of mass is well studied,... Read More about Motor unit dysregulation following 15 days of unilateral lower limb immobilisation.

Declines in muscle protein synthesis account for short‐term muscle disuse atrophy in humans in the absence of increased muscle protein breakdown (2022)
Journal Article

Background: We determined the short-term (i.e. 4days) impacts of disuse atrophy in relation to muscle protein turnover [acute fasted-fed muscle protein synthesis (MPS)/muscle protein breakdown (MPB) and integrated MPS/estimated MPB]. Methods: Healthy... Read More about Declines in muscle protein synthesis account for short‐term muscle disuse atrophy in humans in the absence of increased muscle protein breakdown.

Pharmacological hypogonadism impairs molecular transducers of exercise-induced muscle growth in humans (2022)
Journal Article

Background: The relative role of skeletal muscle mechano-transduction in comparison with systemic hormones, such as testosterone (T), in regulating hypertrophic responses to exercise is contentious. We investigated the mechanistic effects of chemical... Read More about Pharmacological hypogonadism impairs molecular transducers of exercise-induced muscle growth in humans.

Neuromuscular recruitment strategies of the vastus lateralis according to sex (2022)
Journal Article

Aim: Despite males typically exhibiting greater muscle strength and fatigability than females, it remains unclear if there are sex-based differences in neuromuscular recruitment strategies e.g. recruitment and modulation of motor unit firing rate (MU... Read More about Neuromuscular recruitment strategies of the vastus lateralis according to sex.

Metabolomics as an Important Tool for Determining the Mechanisms of Human Skeletal Muscle Deconditioning (2021)
Journal Article

Muscle deconditioning impairs both locomotor function and metabolic health, and is associated with reduced quality life and increased mortality rates. Despite an appreciation of the existence of phenomena such as muscle anabolic resistance, mitophagy... Read More about Metabolomics as an Important Tool for Determining the Mechanisms of Human Skeletal Muscle Deconditioning.

Omega-3 supplementation during unilateral resistance exercise training in older women: A within subject and double-blind placebo-controlled trial (2021)
Journal Article

Background & aims: The skeletal muscle anabolic effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) appear favoured towards women; a property that could be exploited in older women who typically exhibit poor muscle growth responses to resistance ex... Read More about Omega-3 supplementation during unilateral resistance exercise training in older women: A within subject and double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Transcriptomic links to muscle mass loss and declines in cumulative muscle protein synthesis during short-term disuse in healthy younger humans (2021)
Journal Article

Muscle disuse leads to a rapid decline in muscle mass, with reduced muscle protein synthesis (MPS) considered the primary physiological mechanism. Here, we employed a systems biology approach to uncover molecular networks and key molecular candidates... Read More about Transcriptomic links to muscle mass loss and declines in cumulative muscle protein synthesis during short-term disuse in healthy younger humans.

Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on the willingness of older adults to participate in physiology research: views from past and potential volunteers (2021)
Journal Article

We explored the views of older (≥65 years) past and potential volunteers in regard to participating in physiology research during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using an online questionnaire and focus groups, we found that past volunteers (n=55) were more li... Read More about Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on the willingness of older adults to participate in physiology research: views from past and potential volunteers.

Myokine Responses to Exercise in a Rat Model of Low/High Adaptive Potential (2021)
Journal Article

Introduction: Assuming myokines underlie some of the health benefits of exercise, we hypothesised that ‘high responder trainer’ (HRT) rats would exhibit distinct myokine profiles to ‘low responder trainers’ (LRT), reflecting distinct health and adapt... Read More about Myokine Responses to Exercise in a Rat Model of Low/High Adaptive Potential.

The physiological impact of high‐intensity interval training in octogenarians with comorbidities (2021)
Journal Article

Background Declines in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and fat-free mass (FFM) with age are linked to mortality, morbidity and poor quality of life. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve CRF and FFM in many groups, but it... Read More about The physiological impact of high‐intensity interval training in octogenarians with comorbidities.

A collagen extraction and deuterium oxide stable isotope tracer method for the quantification of bone collagen synthesis rates in vivo (2021)
Journal Article

Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible skeletal muscles: “aRaS” as a novel experimental paradigm to study the mechanisms of human disuse atrophy (2021)
Journal Article

Objective: Disuse atrophy (DA) describes inactivity-induced skeletal muscle loss, through incompletely defined mechanisms. An intriguing observation is that individual muscles exhibit differing degrees of atrophy, despite exhibiting similar anatomica... Read More about Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible skeletal muscles: “aRaS” as a novel experimental paradigm to study the mechanisms of human disuse atrophy.

A collagen hydrolysate/milk protein-blend stimulates muscle anabolism equivalently to an isoenergetic milk protein-blend containing a greater quantity of essential amino acids in older men (2021)
Journal Article

Background & aims: Nutritional composition is key for skeletal muscle maintenance into older age. Yet the acute effects of collagen protein blended with other protein sources, in relation to skeletal muscle anabolism, are ill-defined. We investigated... Read More about A collagen hydrolysate/milk protein-blend stimulates muscle anabolism equivalently to an isoenergetic milk protein-blend containing a greater quantity of essential amino acids in older men.