All Outputs (23)

Evaluation of E10 and NH3 co-fuelling in a modern spark ignition engine (2023)
Book Chapter

Ammonia (NH3) is emerging as a potential favoured fuel for longer range decarbonised heavy transport, particularly in the marine sector, predominantly due to highly favourable characteristics as an effective hydrogen carrier. This is despite generall... Read More about Evaluation of E10 and NH3 co-fuelling in a modern spark ignition engine.

Design of Hairpin Winding and Random Winding Stators for High Speed Heavy-Duty Traction Motor (2023)
Conference Proceeding

Hairpin winding with rectangularly shaped conductors are gradually replacing random winding wound with stranded wires in electric vehicle (EV) industry. As the newgeneration winding technology, hairpin winding features high electromagnetic and therma... Read More about Design of Hairpin Winding and Random Winding Stators for High Speed Heavy-Duty Traction Motor.

Investigation of Exhaust Particles on Different TEM Grids: a Comparison between Graphene Oxide and Silicon Nitride Grids (2023)
Journal Article

Two different TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) grids - graphene oxide (GO) and silicon nitride (SiN) - were used to capture the particulates emitted with the exhaust of a modern 1.0 L GDI (Gasoline Direct Injection) engine. One speed-load condi... Read More about Investigation of Exhaust Particles on Different TEM Grids: a Comparison between Graphene Oxide and Silicon Nitride Grids.

Airgap Length Analysis of a 350kW PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machine for Heavy Duty EV Traction (2022)
Journal Article

Synchronous reluctance (Syn-Rel) machines with embedded permanent magnets (PMs) are research hotspots in variable speed motor drives due to their robust rotor structure and wide constant power speed range (CPSR). In this paper, the potential of PM-as... Read More about Airgap Length Analysis of a 350kW PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machine for Heavy Duty EV Traction.

Comparison of Aluminium and Copper Conductors in Hairpin Winding Design for High Power Density Traction Motors (2022)
Conference Proceeding

Hairpin windings are becoming current/next generation solutions for traction motors of electric vehicles due to inherently reduced DC power losses and improved heat dissipation capability compared with random windings. Copper-based conductor has been... Read More about Comparison of Aluminium and Copper Conductors in Hairpin Winding Design for High Power Density Traction Motors.

Performance Assessment of Standard Cooling Strategies for Hairpin Windings (2022)
Conference Proceeding

This paper aims to assess the performance of some standard cooling strategies which are commonly used in traction electric motors for electric vehicles (EVs) employing hairpin windings. The use of such type of coils does normally lead to higher power... Read More about Performance Assessment of Standard Cooling Strategies for Hairpin Windings.

Mild hybridisation of turboprop engine with high-power-density integrated electric drives (2022)
Journal Article

This paper shares with the aerospace community a case study of turboprop mild hybridisation using a recently developed integrated drive system in the University of Nottingham, UK, within the ACHIEVE project under EU H2020 CleanSky 2 program (project... Read More about Mild hybridisation of turboprop engine with high-power-density integrated electric drives.

A Comprehensive Design Guideline of Hairpin Windings for High Power Density Electric Vehicle Traction Motors (2022)
Journal Article

The rapidly increasing demand on power density levels of electric vehicle (EV) drive systems is pushing the boundaries of traction motor performance. Hairpin windings are becoming a popular option for EV motors due to their reduced DC losses and impr... Read More about A Comprehensive Design Guideline of Hairpin Windings for High Power Density Electric Vehicle Traction Motors.

Research and Realization of High-Power Medium-Voltage Active Rectifier Concepts for Future Hybrid-Electric Aircraft Generation (2020)
Journal Article

In this article, we describe the research and development of a 3 kV active rectifier for a 4 MW aerospace generator drive system demonstrator. The converter is fed by a multiphase high-speed/high-frequency permanent magnet generator. The main aim of... Read More about Research and Realization of High-Power Medium-Voltage Active Rectifier Concepts for Future Hybrid-Electric Aircraft Generation.

Investigating the impact of copper leaching on combustion characteristics and particulate emissions in HPCR diesel engines (2019)
Journal Article

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Copper leaching in diesel fuel and its impact on combustion and emission characteristics of a Direct Injection High Pressure Common Rail (DI HPCR) diesel engine was investigated. This work was performed using a single cylinder Ric... Read More about Investigating the impact of copper leaching on combustion characteristics and particulate emissions in HPCR diesel engines.

Quantifying soot nanostructures: Importance of image processing parameters for lattice fringe analysis (2019)
Journal Article

Fringe analysis is a commonly used method to quantify soot nanostructures. However, the settings of the involved filters and their impact on the results are rarely addressed. In this study, the influence of the three filter parameters as well as two... Read More about Quantifying soot nanostructures: Importance of image processing parameters for lattice fringe analysis.

Assessing the Accuracy of Soot Nanoparticle Morphology Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Electron Tomography (2019)
Journal Article

Morphology plays an important role in determining behaviour and impact of soot nanoparticles, including effect on human health, atmospheric optical properties, contribution to engine wear, and role in marine ecology. However, its nanoscopic size has... Read More about Assessing the Accuracy of Soot Nanoparticle Morphology Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Electron Tomography.

Soot in the Lubricating Oil: An Overlooked Concern for the Gasoline Direct Injection Engine? (2019)
Journal Article

Formation of soot is a known phenomenon for diesel engines, however, only recently emerged for gasoline engines with the introduction of direct injection systems. Soot-in-oil samples from a three-cylinder turbo-charged gasoline direct injection (GDI)... Read More about Soot in the Lubricating Oil: An Overlooked Concern for the Gasoline Direct Injection Engine?.

Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black (2018)
Journal Article

Two gasoline turbocharged direct injection (GTDI) and two diesel soot-in-oil samples were compared with one flame-generated soot sample. High resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging was employed for the initial qualitative assessment of t... Read More about Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black.

Morphological Characterisation of Diesel Soot in Oil and the Associated Extraction Dependence (2018)
Conference Proceeding

The size and morphology of soot particles and agglomerates extracted from lubricating oil drawn from the sump of a diesel engine have been investigated and compared using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA)... Read More about Morphological Characterisation of Diesel Soot in Oil and the Associated Extraction Dependence.

Progress towards a methodology for high throughput 3D reconstruction of soot nanoparticles via electron tomography (2018)
Journal Article

The aim of this work is to make progress towards the development of 3D reconstruction as a legitimate alternative to traditional 2D characterisation of soot. Time constraints are the greatest opposition to its implementation, as currently reconstruct... Read More about Progress towards a methodology for high throughput 3D reconstruction of soot nanoparticles via electron tomography.

Towards keeping diesel fuel supply and demand in balance: dual-fuelling of diesel engines with natural gas (2016)
Journal Article

With the continuous growth of energy demand for the commercial transport sector, the market share of diesel vehicles is rising in several areas worldwide. Global demand for transport energy is therefore believed to be strongly skewed towards heavier... Read More about Towards keeping diesel fuel supply and demand in balance: dual-fuelling of diesel engines with natural gas.

Characterisation of flame-generated soot and soot-in-oil using electron tomography volume reconstructions and comparison with traditional 2D-TEM measurements (2016)
Journal Article

This work characterises soot nanoparticles by electron tomography using Weighted Back Projection algorithm and appraises the uncertainties in two-dimensional calculations by comparison with 3D parameters for flame-generated soot and diesel soot-in-oi... Read More about Characterisation of flame-generated soot and soot-in-oil using electron tomography volume reconstructions and comparison with traditional 2D-TEM measurements.

The initiation and development of combustion under cold idling conditions using a glow plug in diesel engines (2016)
Journal Article

Factors determining the success or failure of combustion initiation using a glow plug have been investigated through experimental work on a single cylinder, common rail diesel engine with a geometric compression ratio of 15.5, and a quiescent combust... Read More about The initiation and development of combustion under cold idling conditions using a glow plug in diesel engines.

Soot-in-oil 3D volume reconstruction through the use of electron tomography: an introductory study (2015)
Journal Article

Understanding soot nanoparticle interaction with oil additives and the causes of soot-induced thickening would assist in lubricant formulation, prolonging engine life and improving engine efficiency. Three-dimensional measurement of soot structures i... Read More about Soot-in-oil 3D volume reconstruction through the use of electron tomography: an introductory study.