Associate Professor IFTY AHMED's Outputs (97)

Yttrium-Enriched Phosphate Glass-Ceramic Microspheres for Bone Cancer Radiotherapy Treatment (2024)
Journal Article
Milborne, B., Arjuna, A., Islam, T., Arafat, A., Layfield, R., Thompson, A., & Ahmed, I. (in press). Yttrium-Enriched Phosphate Glass-Ceramic Microspheres for Bone Cancer Radiotherapy Treatment. Journal of the American Chemical Society,

This study presents the development and characterisation of high yttrium-content phosphate-based glass-ceramic microspheres for potential applications in bone cancer radiotherapy treatment. The microspheres produced via flame spheroidisa-tion, follow... Read More about Yttrium-Enriched Phosphate Glass-Ceramic Microspheres for Bone Cancer Radiotherapy Treatment.

Continuous flow synthesis of MOF UTSA-16(Zn), mixed-metal and magnetic composites for CO2 capture – toward scalable manufacture (2024)
Journal Article
Woodliffe, J. L., Molinar-Díaz, J., Clowes, R., Hussein, O. H., Lester, E., Ferrari, R., Ahmed, I., & Laybourn, A. (2024). Continuous flow synthesis of MOF UTSA-16(Zn), mixed-metal and magnetic composites for CO2 capture – toward scalable manufacture. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 12(6), Article 114167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2024.114167

UTSA-16(Zn) is a zinc and citrate-based metal-organic framework (MOF) which has shown highly promising performance for CO2 capture. However, the transition of this MOF to industrial application has been hindered as a scalable synthesis method has not... Read More about Continuous flow synthesis of MOF UTSA-16(Zn), mixed-metal and magnetic composites for CO2 capture – toward scalable manufacture.

Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) Biomaterials and Composites: Challenges, Progress, and Opportunities (2024)
Journal Article
Molinar-Diaz, J., Parsons, A. J., Ahmed, I., Warrior, N. A., & Harper, L. T. (in press). Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) Biomaterials and Composites: Challenges, Progress, and Opportunities. Polymer Reviews, 1-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2024.2406965

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a lightweight, bioinert, high-performance thermoplastic that is beginning to see clinical use in orthopedic applications. PEEK outperforms conventional metallic counterparts in terms of reduced stress shielding and impr... Read More about Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) Biomaterials and Composites: Challenges, Progress, and Opportunities.

PDI-Functionalized Glass Beads: Efficient, Metal-Free Heterogeneous Photocatalysts Suitable for Flow Photochemistry (2024)
Journal Article
Ali, H., Ahmed, I., Robertson, K., & Lanterna, A. E. (2024). PDI-Functionalized Glass Beads: Efficient, Metal-Free Heterogeneous Photocatalysts Suitable for Flow Photochemistry. Organic Process Research and Development, 28(9), 3698-3706. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.4c00256

Perylene diimides (PDI) have an extraordinary ability to activate both energy and electron transfer processes upon light excitation; however, their extremely low solubility has hindered their wide use as photocatalysts. Here, we show that the combina... Read More about PDI-Functionalized Glass Beads: Efficient, Metal-Free Heterogeneous Photocatalysts Suitable for Flow Photochemistry.

Development of Resorbable Phosphate-Based Glass Microspheres as MRI Contrast Media Agents (2024)
Journal Article
Molinar-Díaz, J., Arjuna, A., Abrehart, N., McLellan, A., Harris, R., Islam, M. T., Alzaidi, A., Bradley, C. R., Gidman, C., Prior, M. J. W., Titman, J., Blockley, N. P., Harvey, P., Marciani, L., & Ahmed, I. (2024). Development of Resorbable Phosphate-Based Glass Microspheres as MRI Contrast Media Agents. Molecules, 29(18), Article 4296. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184296

In this research, resorbable phosphate-based glass (PBG) compositions were developed using varying modifier oxides including iron (Fe2O3), copper (CuO), and manganese (MnO2), and then processed via a rapid single-stage flame spheroidisation process t... Read More about Development of Resorbable Phosphate-Based Glass Microspheres as MRI Contrast Media Agents.

A phosphate glass reinforced composite acrylamide gradient scaffold for osteochondral interface regeneration (2024)
Journal Article
Younus, Z. M., Ahmed, I., Roach, P., & Forsyth, N. R. (2024). A phosphate glass reinforced composite acrylamide gradient scaffold for osteochondral interface regeneration. Biomaterials and Biosystems, 15, Article 100099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbiosy.2024.100099

The bone-cartilage interface is defined by a unique arrangement of cells and tissue matrix. Injury to the interface can contribute to the development of arthritic joint disease. Attempts to repair osteochondral damage through clinical trials have gen... Read More about A phosphate glass reinforced composite acrylamide gradient scaffold for osteochondral interface regeneration.

Self-assembled titanium-based macrostructures with hierarchical (macro-, micro-, and nano) porosities: A fundamental study (2024)
Journal Article
Wadge, M. D., Agyakwa, P. A., Felfel, R. M., Homer, R., Cooper, T. P., Kudrynskyi, Z. R., …Grant, D. M. (2024). Self-assembled titanium-based macrostructures with hierarchical (macro-, micro-, and nano) porosities: A fundamental study. Materials and Design, 240, Article 112835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2024.112835

This study details the novel self-assembly of sodium titanate converted Ti-based microspheres into hierarchical porous 3D constructs, with macro-, micro-, and nanoporosity, for the first time. Ti6Al4V microspheres were suspended into 5 M NaOH (60 °C/... Read More about Self-assembled titanium-based macrostructures with hierarchical (macro-, micro-, and nano) porosities: A fundamental study.

Development of samarium-doped phosphate glass microspheres for internal radiotheranostic applications (2024)
Journal Article
Arjuna, A., Milborne, B., Putra, A. R., Mulyaningsih, T. R., Setiawan, H., Islam, M. T., Felfel, R., & Ahmed, I. (2024). Development of samarium-doped phosphate glass microspheres for internal radiotheranostic applications. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 653, Article 123919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123919

Internal radiotherapy delivers radioactive sources inside the body, near to or into malignant tumours, which may be particularly effective when malignancies are not responding to external beam radiotherapy. A pure beta emitter, 90Y, is currently used... Read More about Development of samarium-doped phosphate glass microspheres for internal radiotheranostic applications.

The Use of Microspheres for Cancer Embolization Therapy: Recent Advancements and Prospective (2024)
Journal Article
Nuzulia, N. A., Mart, T., Ahmed, I., & Sari, Y. W. (2024). The Use of Microspheres for Cancer Embolization Therapy: Recent Advancements and Prospective. ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00659

Embolization therapy involving biomaterials has improved the therapeutic strategy for most liver cancer treatments. Developing biomaterials as embolic agents has significantly improved patients’ survival rates. Various embolic agents are present in l... Read More about The Use of Microspheres for Cancer Embolization Therapy: Recent Advancements and Prospective.

In vitro immunomodulatory effect of solid versus porous phosphate-based glass microspheres using macrophages (2023)
Journal Article
Sheela, S., AlGhalban, F. M., Ahmed, I., & Abou Neel, E. A. (2023). In vitro immunomodulatory effect of solid versus porous phosphate-based glass microspheres using macrophages. Heliyon, 9(12), e23059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23059

This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of two different forms of phosphate-based glass microspheres (solid and porous), on human macrophages. Human THP-1 monocytes were converted to M0 macrophages after being treated with 100 ng/... Read More about In vitro immunomodulatory effect of solid versus porous phosphate-based glass microspheres using macrophages.

Rapid microwave synthesis of sustainable magnetic framework composites of UTSA-16(Zn) with Fe3O4 nanoparticles for efficient CO2 capture (2023)
Journal Article
Woodliffe, J. L., Johnston, A.-L., Fay, M., Ferrari, R., Gomes, R. L., Lester, E., …Laybourn, A. (2023). Rapid microwave synthesis of sustainable magnetic framework composites of UTSA-16(Zn) with Fe3O4 nanoparticles for efficient CO2 capture. Materials Advances, 4(11), 5838-5849. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3MA00351E

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown excellent potential for carbon dioxide capture applications due to their high sorption capacities and selectivities. However, MOFs are typically thermally insulating, and so thermal CO2 regeneration is chall... Read More about Rapid microwave synthesis of sustainable magnetic framework composites of UTSA-16(Zn) with Fe3O4 nanoparticles for efficient CO2 capture.

Developing alkaline titanate surfaces for medical applications (2023)
Journal Article
Wadge, M. D., McGuire, J., Thomas, K. G., Stuart, B. W., Felfel, R. M., Ahmed, I., & Grant, D. M. (2023). Developing alkaline titanate surfaces for medical applications. International Materials Reviews, 68(6), 677-724. https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2022.2153217

Improving the surface of medical implants by plasma spraying of a hydroxyapatite coating can be of critical importance to their longevity and the patient’s convalescence. However, residual stresses, cracking, undesired crystallisation and delaminatio... Read More about Developing alkaline titanate surfaces for medical applications.

PDI-functionalised glass beads: efficient, metal-free heterogeneous photocatalysts suitable for flow photochemistry (2023)
Preprint / Working Paper
Ali, H., Ahmed, I., Robertson, K., & Lanterna, A. PDI-functionalised glass beads: efficient, metal-free heterogeneous photocatalysts suitable for flow photochemistry

Perylene diimides (PDI) have an extraordinary ability to activate both energy and electron transfer process upon light excitation, however, their extremely low solubility has hindered their wide use as photocatalysts. Here, we show a series of suppor... Read More about PDI-functionalised glass beads: efficient, metal-free heterogeneous photocatalysts suitable for flow photochemistry.

Rapid synthesis of magnetic microspheres and the development of new macro-micro hierarchically porous magnetic framework composites (2023)
Journal Article
Woodliffe, J. L., Molinar-Díaz, J., Islam, M. T., Stevens, L. A., Wadge, M. D., Rance, G. A., …Laybourn, A. (2023). Rapid synthesis of magnetic microspheres and the development of new macro-micro hierarchically porous magnetic framework composites. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 11(27), 14705-14719. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA01927F

Magnetic framework composites (MFCs) are a highly interesting group of materials that contain both metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and magnetic materials. Combining the unique benefits of MOFs (tuneable natures, high surface areas) with the advantage... Read More about Rapid synthesis of magnetic microspheres and the development of new macro-micro hierarchically porous magnetic framework composites.

Process parameter optimisation for manufacturing porous bioactive silicate glass microspheres via flame spheroidisation: The goldilocks effect (2023)
Journal Article
Islam, M. T., Parsons, A. J., Nuzulia, N. A., Sari, Y. W., Ren, H., Booth, J., & Ahmed, I. (2023). Process parameter optimisation for manufacturing porous bioactive silicate glass microspheres via flame spheroidisation: The goldilocks effect. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 614, Article 122393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122393

This study investigated the influence of flame spheroidisation process parameters for successfully manufacturing solid (dense) and highly porous microspheres from Food and Drug Administration approved bioactive 45S5 glass and 45S5 with addition of vi... Read More about Process parameter optimisation for manufacturing porous bioactive silicate glass microspheres via flame spheroidisation: The goldilocks effect.

Tailoring absorptivity of highly reflective Ag powders by pulsed-direct current magnetron sputtering for additive manufacturing processes (2023)
Journal Article
Wadge, M. D., Lowther, M., Cooper, T. P., Reynolds, W. J., Speidel, A., Carter, L. N., …Cox, S. C. (2023). Tailoring absorptivity of highly reflective Ag powders by pulsed-direct current magnetron sputtering for additive manufacturing processes. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 317, Article 117985. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2023.117985

Processing of highly reflective and high thermally conductive materials (Cu, Ag, etc.) by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is of increasing interest to broaden the range of materials that can be additively manufactured. However, these alloys are challe... Read More about Tailoring absorptivity of highly reflective Ag powders by pulsed-direct current magnetron sputtering for additive manufacturing processes.

Optimisation of the Flame Spheroidisation Process for the Rapid Manufacture of Fe3O4-Based Porous and Dense Microspheres (2023)
Journal Article
Molinar-Díaz, J., Woodliffe, J. L., Steer, E., Morley, N. A., Brown, P. D., & Ahmed, I. (2023). Optimisation of the Flame Spheroidisation Process for the Rapid Manufacture of Fe3O4-Based Porous and Dense Microspheres. Molecules, 28(6), Article 2523. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062523

The rapid, single-stage, flame-spheroidisation process, as applied to varying Fe3O4:CaCO3 powder combinations, provides for the rapid production of a mixture of dense and porous ferromagnetic microspheres with homogeneous composition, high levels of... Read More about Optimisation of the Flame Spheroidisation Process for the Rapid Manufacture of Fe3O4-Based Porous and Dense Microspheres.

Production of Nano Hydroxyapatite and Mg-Whitlockite from Biowaste-Derived products via Continuous Flow Hydrothermal Synthesis: A Step towards Circular Economy (2023)
Journal Article
Nigar, F., Johnston, A. L., Smith, J., Oakley, W., Islam, M. T., Felfel, R., …Ahmed, I. (2023). Production of Nano Hydroxyapatite and Mg-Whitlockite from Biowaste-Derived products via Continuous Flow Hydrothermal Synthesis: A Step towards Circular Economy. Materials, 16(6), Article 2138. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16062138

Biowastes from agriculture, sewage, household wastes, and industries comprise promising resources to produce biomaterials while reducing adverse environmental effects. This study focused on utilising waste-derived materials (i.e., eggshells as a calc... Read More about Production of Nano Hydroxyapatite and Mg-Whitlockite from Biowaste-Derived products via Continuous Flow Hydrothermal Synthesis: A Step towards Circular Economy.

Optimisation of the Flame Spheroidisation Process for the Rapid Manufacture of Fe3O4-Based Porous and Dense Microspheres (2023)
Journal Article
Molinar-Díaz, J., Woodliffe, J. L., Steer, E., Morley, N. A., Brown, P. D., & Ahmed, I. (in press). Optimisation of the Flame Spheroidisation Process for the Rapid Manufacture of Fe3O4-Based Porous and Dense Microspheres. Molecules, 28(6), Article 2523. https://doi.org/10.3390/+molecules28062523

The rapid, single-stage, flame-spheroidisation process, as applied to varying Fe3O4:CaCO3 powder combinations, provides for the rapid production of a mixture of dense and porous ferro-magnetic microspheres with homogeneous composition, high levels of... Read More about Optimisation of the Flame Spheroidisation Process for the Rapid Manufacture of Fe3O4-Based Porous and Dense Microspheres.

Ferromagnetic Cytocompatible Glass-Ceramic Porous Microspheres for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications (2023)
Journal Article
Molinar‐Díaz, J., Woodliffe, J. L., Milborne, B., Murrell, L., Islam, M. T., Steer, E., …Ahmed, I. (2023). Ferromagnetic Cytocompatible Glass-Ceramic Porous Microspheres for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 10(11), Article 2202089. https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202202089

Highly porous, ferromagnetic glass-ceramic P40-Fe3O4 microspheres (125–212 µm) with enhanced cytocompatibility have been manufactured for the first time via a facile, rapid, single-stage flame spheroidization process. Dispersions of Fe3O4 and Ca2Fe2O... Read More about Ferromagnetic Cytocompatible Glass-Ceramic Porous Microspheres for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications.

Nanostructured, Alkaline Titanate‐Converted, and Heat‐Treated Ti6Al4V Microspheres via Wet‐Chemical Alkaline Modification and their ORR Electrocatalytic Response (2022)
Journal Article
Wadge, M. D., Bird, M. A., Sankowski, A., Constantin, H., Fay, M. W., Cooper, T. P., O'Shea, J. N., Khlobystov, A. N., Walsh, D. A., Johnson, L. R., Felfel, R. M., Ahmed, I., & Grant, D. M. (2023). Nanostructured, Alkaline Titanate‐Converted, and Heat‐Treated Ti6Al4V Microspheres via Wet‐Chemical Alkaline Modification and their ORR Electrocatalytic Response. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 10(5), Article 2201523. https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202201523

This study describes the chemical conversion and heat treatment of Ti6Al4V microspheres (Ti6_MS), and the resulting effects on their electrocatalytic properties. The wet-chemical conversion (5.0m NaOH, 60°C, 24h; Sample label: Ti6_TC) converts the to... Read More about Nanostructured, Alkaline Titanate‐Converted, and Heat‐Treated Ti6Al4V Microspheres via Wet‐Chemical Alkaline Modification and their ORR Electrocatalytic Response.

Developing Porous Ortho- and Pyrophosphate-Containing Glass Microspheres; Structural and Cytocompatibility Characterisation (2022)
Journal Article
Milborne, B., Murrell, L., Cardillo-Zallo, I., Titman, J., Briggs, L., Scotchford, C., …Ahmed, I. (2022). Developing Porous Ortho- and Pyrophosphate-Containing Glass Microspheres; Structural and Cytocompatibility Characterisation. Bioengineering, 9(11), Article 611. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9110611

Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) are promising materials for bone repair and regeneration as they can be formulated to be compositionally similar to the inorganic components of bone. Alterations to the PBG formulation can be used to tailor their degrad... Read More about Developing Porous Ortho- and Pyrophosphate-Containing Glass Microspheres; Structural and Cytocompatibility Characterisation.

L-DOPA coating improved phosphate glass fibre strength and fibre/matrix interface (2022)
Journal Article
Tan, C., Rudd, C. D., Parsons, A. J., Sharmin, N., & Ahmed, I. (2022). L-DOPA coating improved phosphate glass fibre strength and fibre/matrix interface. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 136, Article 105480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105480

The levodopa (L-DOPA) has been reported as a promising adhesive for various materials. In this study, we utilized L-DOPA as an interfacial agent for phosphate glass fibre/polycaprolactone (PGF/PCL) composites, with the aim to enhance the interfacial... Read More about L-DOPA coating improved phosphate glass fibre strength and fibre/matrix interface.

Upcycling Glass Waste into Porous Microspheres for Wastewater Treatment Applications: Efficacy of Dye Removal (2022)
Journal Article
Samad, S. A., Arafat, A., Lester, E., & Ahmed, I. (2022). Upcycling Glass Waste into Porous Microspheres for Wastewater Treatment Applications: Efficacy of Dye Removal. Materials, 15(17), Article 5809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15175809

Each year about 7.6 million tons of waste glasses are landfilled without recycling, reclaiming or upcycling. Herein we have developed a solvent free upcycling method for recycled glass waste (RG) by remanufacturing it into porous recycled glass micro... Read More about Upcycling Glass Waste into Porous Microspheres for Wastewater Treatment Applications: Efficacy of Dye Removal.

Tailored Additives for Incorporation of Antibacterial Functionality Into Laser Sintered Parts (2022)
Journal Article
Wingham, J. R., Ahmed, I., Islam, M. T., Shepherd, J., & Majewski, C. (2022). Tailored Additives for Incorporation of Antibacterial Functionality Into Laser Sintered Parts. Frontiers in Biomaterials Science, 1, Article 929006. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbiom.2022.929006

Infectious disease is a major cause of death worldwide, and novel methods capable of controlling the spread of disease are in high demand. This research presents a method of producing antimicrobial microcomposites by exploiting the powder-based natur... Read More about Tailored Additives for Incorporation of Antibacterial Functionality Into Laser Sintered Parts.

Developing Highly Porous Glass Microspheres via a Single-Stage Flame Spheroidisation Process (2022)
Journal Article
Nuzulia, N. A., Islam, T., Saputra, A., Sudiro, T., Timuda, G. E., Mart, T., …Ahmed, I. (2022). Developing Highly Porous Glass Microspheres via a Single-Stage Flame Spheroidisation Process. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2243(1), Article 012005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2243/1/012005

Glass microspheres are gaining attention in bone tissue engineering due to their ability to convert into hydroxyapatite-like materials, resembling the inorganic mineral of natural bone. The morphology of glass microspheres as starting material has be... Read More about Developing Highly Porous Glass Microspheres via a Single-Stage Flame Spheroidisation Process.

Recent Advances in the Development and Applications of Phosphate and Borate Glass Microspheres (2022)
Book Chapter
Islam, M. T., & Ahmed, I. (2022). Recent Advances in the Development and Applications of Phosphate and Borate Glass Microspheres. In A. Obata, D. S. Brauer, & T. Kasuga (Eds.), Phosphate and Borate Bioactive Glasses (227-247). Royal Society of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781839164750-00227

An overview of recent findings and advancements concerning development of phosphate and borate glass microspheres, their manufacturing processes and potential use in biomedical applications are presented in this chapter. Phosphate and Borate glasses... Read More about Recent Advances in the Development and Applications of Phosphate and Borate Glass Microspheres.

Characterization of potential nanoporous sodium titanate film formation on Ti6Al4V and TiO2 microspherical substrates via wet-chemical alkaline conversion (2022)
Journal Article
Wadge, M. D., Carrington, M. J., Constantin, H., Orange, K., Greaves, J., Islam, M. T., …Grant, D. M. (2022). Characterization of potential nanoporous sodium titanate film formation on Ti6Al4V and TiO2 microspherical substrates via wet-chemical alkaline conversion. Materials Characterization, 185, Article 111760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2022.111760

The authors present novel insights into the formation of nanoporous, wet-chemically produced sodium titanate films onto microspherical substrates of varying composition. Microspheres of Ti6Al4V (atomised; ca. 20–50 μm), which were utilised due to the... Read More about Characterization of potential nanoporous sodium titanate film formation on Ti6Al4V and TiO2 microspherical substrates via wet-chemical alkaline conversion.

Evolution of silicate bioglass particles as porous microspheres with a view towards orthobiologics (2022)
Journal Article
Islam, M. T., Nuzulia, N. A., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Nigar, F., Sari, Y. W., & Ahmed, I. (2022). Evolution of silicate bioglass particles as porous microspheres with a view towards orthobiologics. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 36(8), 1427-1443. https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282211059294

Although FDA approved and clinically utilised, research on 45S5 Bioglass® and S53P4 including other bioactive glasses continues in order to advance their applicability for a range of alternate applications. For example, rendering these particles poro... Read More about Evolution of silicate bioglass particles as porous microspheres with a view towards orthobiologics.

Functionalised SiO2 modified icephobic nanocomposite electrospun membranes for outdoor electromagnetic shielding applications (2022)
Journal Article
Tas, M., Musa, U. G., Ahmed, I., Xu, F., Smartt, C., & Hou, X. (2022). Functionalised SiO2 modified icephobic nanocomposite electrospun membranes for outdoor electromagnetic shielding applications. Polymer, 240, Article 124499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124499

Outdoor electronic equipment such as signal stations, radar units, and cellular base stations would benefit from electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding systems, but ice accretion on the surface of these facilities often causes critical challeng... Read More about Functionalised SiO2 modified icephobic nanocomposite electrospun membranes for outdoor electromagnetic shielding applications.

Solution precursor thermal spraying of gadolinium zirconate for thermal barrier coating (2021)
Journal Article
Leng, K., Rincon Romero, A., Venturi, F., Ahmed, I., & Hussain, T. (2022). Solution precursor thermal spraying of gadolinium zirconate for thermal barrier coating. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 42(4), 1594-1607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2021.11.050

Gadolinium zirconate (GZ) is an attractive material for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). However, a single layer GZ coating has poor thermal cycling life compared to Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ). In this study, Solution Precursor High Velocity Ox... Read More about Solution precursor thermal spraying of gadolinium zirconate for thermal barrier coating.

Long-Term Culture of Stem Cells on Phosphate-Based Glass Microspheres: Synergistic Role of Chemical Formulation and 3D Architecture (2021)
Journal Article
Gupta, D., Hossain, K. M. Z., Roe, M., Smith, E. F., Ahmed, I., Sottile, V., & Grant, D. M. (2021). Long-Term Culture of Stem Cells on Phosphate-Based Glass Microspheres: Synergistic Role of Chemical Formulation and 3D Architecture. ACS Applied Bio Materials, 4(8), 5987-6004. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.1c00120

Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) are biomaterials that degrade under physiological conditions and can be modified to release various ions depending on end applications. This study utilized slow-degrading (P45:45P2O5-16CaO-24MgO-11Na2O10 4Fe2O3, mol %)... Read More about Long-Term Culture of Stem Cells on Phosphate-Based Glass Microspheres: Synergistic Role of Chemical Formulation and 3D Architecture.

Development and Characterization of Phosphate-Based Glass Coatings via Suspension High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (SHVOF) Thermal Spray Process (2021)
Journal Article
Bano, S., Rincon Romero, A., Islam, M. T., Grant, D. M., Ahmed, I., & Hussain, T. (2021). Development and Characterization of Phosphate-Based Glass Coatings via Suspension High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (SHVOF) Thermal Spray Process. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 30(7), 1862-1874. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-021-01233-8

Phosphate based glasses (PBGs) are promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatible and fully resorbable characteristics in aqueous environments. These glasses can be coated on to metal substrate via the technique of suspens... Read More about Development and Characterization of Phosphate-Based Glass Coatings via Suspension High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (SHVOF) Thermal Spray Process.

Adsorption studies and effect of heat treatment on porous glass microspheres (2021)
Journal Article
Samad, S. A., Arafat, A., Ferrari, R., Gomes, R. L., Lester, E., & Ahmed, I. (2022). Adsorption studies and effect of heat treatment on porous glass microspheres. International Journal of Applied Glass Science, 13(1), 63-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijag.16352

This paper investigates the effect of heat treatment on porous glass microspheres produced via a novel flame spheroidization process, followed by exploring their suitability for dye removal from water. The effect of simple use of smaller porogen (≤5 ... Read More about Adsorption studies and effect of heat treatment on porous glass microspheres.

Preparation and characterization of composites using blends of divinylbenzene-based hyperbranched and linear functionalized polymers (2021)
Journal Article
Kabir, S. F., Adlington, K., Parsons, A. J., Irvine, D. J., & Ahmed, I. (2021). Preparation and characterization of composites using blends of divinylbenzene-based hyperbranched and linear functionalized polymers. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 32(8), 3333-3342. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.5346

In this study, hyperbranched polymers were explored as matrix modifiers to create E-glass fiber (GF) reinforced polymer composites with enhanced mechanical properties. Hyperbranched polymers have lower viscosities than their linear equivalents, poten... Read More about Preparation and characterization of composites using blends of divinylbenzene-based hyperbranched and linear functionalized polymers.

Antibacterial Effect of Titanium Dioxide-Doped Phosphate Glass Microspheres Filled Total-Etch Dental Adhesive on S. mutans Biofilm (2021)
Journal Article
Neel, E. A. A., Hossain, K. M. Z., Abuelenain, D. A., Abuhaimed, T., Ahmed, I., Valappil, S. P., & Knowles, J. C. (2021). Antibacterial Effect of Titanium Dioxide-Doped Phosphate Glass Microspheres Filled Total-Etch Dental Adhesive on S. mutans Biofilm. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 108, Article 102886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102886

Purpose
to improve the antibacterial action of a two-step total-etch dental adhesive by using titanium dioxide-doped phosphate glass microspheres (GMs) without affecting its penetration ability.

Materials and Methods
Five and 10 wt% of APTES sil... Read More about Antibacterial Effect of Titanium Dioxide-Doped Phosphate Glass Microspheres Filled Total-Etch Dental Adhesive on S. mutans Biofilm.

Tailoring Pyro- and Orthophosphate Species to Enhance Stem Cell Adhesion to Phosphate Glasses (2021)
Journal Article
De Melo, N., Murrell, L., Islam, M. T., Titman, J. J., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Ahmed, I., & Sottile, V. (2021). Tailoring Pyro- and Orthophosphate Species to Enhance Stem Cell Adhesion to Phosphate Glasses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(2), Article 837. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020837

Rapid conversion of highly porous borate glass microspheres into hydroxyapatite (2021)
Journal Article
Islam, M. T., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Sottile, V., & Ahmed, I. (2021). Rapid conversion of highly porous borate glass microspheres into hydroxyapatite. Biomaterials Science, 9(5), 1826-1844. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0bm01776k

This paper reports on the rapid development of porous hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres with large external pores and fully interconnected porosity. These porous microspheres were produced by converting borates glasses (namely 45B5, B53P4 and 13-93B)... Read More about Rapid conversion of highly porous borate glass microspheres into hydroxyapatite.

In-vitro cell interaction and apatite forming ability in simulated body fluid of ICIE16 and 13-93 bioactive glass coatings deposited by an emerging suspension high velocity oxy fuel (SHVOF) thermal spray (2020)
Journal Article
Bano, S., Romero, A. R., Grant, D., Nommeots-Nomm, A., Scotchford, C., Ahmed, I., & Hussain, T. (2021). In-vitro cell interaction and apatite forming ability in simulated body fluid of ICIE16 and 13-93 bioactive glass coatings deposited by an emerging suspension high velocity oxy fuel (SHVOF) thermal spray. Surface and Coatings Technology, 407, Article 126764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.126764

ICIE16 and 13-93 bioactive glasses have been proposed as alternative chemically stable compositions in physiological fluid keeping bioactivity comparable to Bioglass®. ICIE16 and 13-93 bioactive glasses coatings were produced via an emerging suspensi... Read More about In-vitro cell interaction and apatite forming ability in simulated body fluid of ICIE16 and 13-93 bioactive glass coatings deposited by an emerging suspension high velocity oxy fuel (SHVOF) thermal spray.

Yttrium doped phosphate-based glasses: structural and degradation analyses (2020)
Journal Article
Arafat, A., Samad, S. A., Titman, J. J., Lewis, A. L., Barney, E. R., & Ahmed, I. (2020). Yttrium doped phosphate-based glasses: structural and degradation analyses. Biomedical Glasses, 6(1), 34-49. https://doi.org/10.1515/bglass-2020-0004

This study investigates the role of yttrium in phosphate-based glasses in the system 45(P2O5)-25(CaO)-(30-x)(Na2O)-x(Y2O3) (0≤x≤5) prepared via melt quenching and focuses on their structural characterisation and degradation properties. The structural... Read More about Yttrium doped phosphate-based glasses: structural and degradation analyses.

Flame spheroidisation of dense and porous Ca2Fe2O5 microspheres (2020)
Journal Article
Molinar Díaz, J., Samad, S. A., Steer, E., Neate, N., Constantin, H., Islam, M. T., …Ahmed, I. (2020). Flame spheroidisation of dense and porous Ca2Fe2O5 microspheres. Materials Advances, 1(9), 3539-3544. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ma00564a

Compositionally uniform magnetic Ca2Fe2O5 (srebrodolskite) microspheres created via a rapid, single-stage flame spheroidisation (FS) process using magnetite and carbonate based porogen (1:1 Fe3O4:CaCO3) feedstock powders, are described. Two types of... Read More about Flame spheroidisation of dense and porous Ca2Fe2O5 microspheres.

Effect of varying the Mg with Ca content in highly porous phosphate-based glass microspheres (2020)
Journal Article
Islam, M. T., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Hossain, K. M. Z., Sottile, V., & Ahmed, I. (2021). Effect of varying the Mg with Ca content in highly porous phosphate-based glass microspheres. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 120, Article 111668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111668

Natural ventilation is a low energy strategy used in many building types. Design approaches are mature but are dependent on variables with high uncertainty, such as the aerodynamic behaviour of purpose provided openings (PPOs), which need improved ch... Read More about Effect of varying the Mg with Ca content in highly porous phosphate-based glass microspheres.

Tailoring the degradation rate of magnesium through biomedical nano-porous titanate coatings (2020)
Journal Article
Wadge, M. D., McGuire, J., Hanby, B. V., Felfel, R. M., Ahmed, I., & Grant, D. M. (2021). Tailoring the degradation rate of magnesium through biomedical nano-porous titanate coatings. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 9(1), 336-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2020.07.001

A novel approach was developed to reduce the corrosion rate of magnesium (Mg) metal, utilising titanate coatings. Magnetron sputtering was used to deposit ca. 500 nm titanium (Ti) coatings onto pure Mg discs, followed by hydrothermal conversion and i... Read More about Tailoring the degradation rate of magnesium through biomedical nano-porous titanate coatings.

Patient Perspectives on Use of Stem Cells to Treat Osteoporosis (2020)
Journal Article
Brown, H. I., Clutton-Brock, T., Walker, D., Sahota, O., Scammell, B. E., & Ahmed, I. (2020). Patient Perspectives on Use of Stem Cells to Treat Osteoporosis. Journal of Regenerative Medicine & Biology Research, 1(1), 1-20

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease leading to increased risk of fragility fractures. These fractures lead to significant patient morbidity, increased mortality and substantial health and social care costs. The use of stem cells for cell-base... Read More about Patient Perspectives on Use of Stem Cells to Treat Osteoporosis.

The Use of Biomaterials in Internal Radiation Therapy (2020)
Journal Article
Milborne, B., Arafat, A., Layfield, R., Thompson, A., & Ahmed, I. (2020). The Use of Biomaterials in Internal Radiation Therapy. Recent Progress in Materials, 2(2), Article 34. https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2002012

Radiotherapy has become one of the most prominent and effective modalities for cancer treatment and care. Ionising radiation, delivered either from external or internal sources, can be targeted to cancerous cells causing damage to DNA that can induce... Read More about The Use of Biomaterials in Internal Radiation Therapy.

Production of High Silicon-Doped Hydroxyapatite Thin Film Coatings via Magnetron Sputtering: Deposition, Characterisation, and In Vitro Biocompatibility (2020)
Journal Article
Coe, S. C., Wadge, M. D., Felfel, R. M., Ahmed, I., Walker, G. S., Scotchford, C. A., & Grant, D. M. (2020). Production of High Silicon-Doped Hydroxyapatite Thin Film Coatings via Magnetron Sputtering: Deposition, Characterisation, and In Vitro Biocompatibility. Coatings, 10(2), Article 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10020190

In recent years, it has been found that small weight percent additions of silicon to HA can be used to enhance the initial response between bone tissue and HA. A large amount of research has been concerned with bulk materials, however, only recently... Read More about Production of High Silicon-Doped Hydroxyapatite Thin Film Coatings via Magnetron Sputtering: Deposition, Characterisation, and In Vitro Biocompatibility.

Evaluating the purification and activation of metal-organic frameworks from a technical and circular economy perspective (2020)
Journal Article
Woodliffe, J. L., Ferrari, R. S., Ahmed, I., & Laybourn, A. (2020). Evaluating the purification and activation of metal-organic frameworks from a technical and circular economy perspective. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 428, Article 213578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213578

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly porous materials consisting of metal ions or clusters linked by organic molecules. The high value of MOFs arises from the amount of empty space within their structure (up to 90%) and their tuneable structure... Read More about Evaluating the purification and activation of metal-organic frameworks from a technical and circular economy perspective.

Developing highly nanoporous titanate structures via wet chemical conversion of DC magnetron sputtered titanium thin films (2020)
Journal Article
Wadge, M. D., Turgut, B., Murray, J. W., Stuart, B. W., Felfel, R. M., Ahmed, I., & Grant, D. M. (2020). Developing highly nanoporous titanate structures via wet chemical conversion of DC magnetron sputtered titanium thin films. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 566, 271-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.073

© 2020 The Authors Titanate structures have been widely investigated as biomedical component surfaces due to their bioactive, osteoinductive and antibacterial properties. However, these surfaces are limited to Ti and its alloys, due to the nature of... Read More about Developing highly nanoporous titanate structures via wet chemical conversion of DC magnetron sputtered titanium thin films.

One-step fabrication of superhydrophobic P(VDF-co-HFP) nanofibre membranes using electrospinning technique (2019)
Journal Article
Tas, M., Xu, F., Ahmed, I., & Hou, X. (2020). One-step fabrication of superhydrophobic P(VDF-co-HFP) nanofibre membranes using electrospinning technique. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 137(24), Article 48817. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.48817

© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. In this study, superhydrophobic electrospun P(VDF-co-HFP) membranes were fabricated in a one-step electrospinning process. The effects of the key parameters of electrospinning (solution concentration, electrical potenti... Read More about One-step fabrication of superhydrophobic P(VDF-co-HFP) nanofibre membranes using electrospinning technique.

Thermal and crystallization kinetics of yttrium-doped phosphate-based glasses (2019)
Journal Article
Arafat, A., Samad, S. A., Wadge, M. D., Islam, M. T., Lewis, A. L., Barney, E. R., & Ahmed, I. (2020). Thermal and crystallization kinetics of yttrium-doped phosphate-based glasses. International Journal of Applied Glass Science, 11(1), 120-133. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijag.14163

© 2019 The American Ceramic Society and Wiley Periodicals, Inc Yttrium-doped glasses have been utilized for biomedical applications such as radiotherapy, especially for liver cancer treatment. In this paper, the crystallization behavior of phosphate-... Read More about Thermal and crystallization kinetics of yttrium-doped phosphate-based glasses.

Fish biowaste gelatin coated phosphate-glass fibres for wound-healing application (2019)
Journal Article
Sghayyar, H. N., Lim, S. S., Ahmed, I., Lai, J. Y., Cheong, X. Y., Chong, Z. W., …Loh, H. S. (2020). Fish biowaste gelatin coated phosphate-glass fibres for wound-healing application. European Polymer Journal, 122, Article 109386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109386

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Inadequate wound management techniques can result in severe consequences for patients and are a major Health Economic burden worldwide. Currently, biosynthetic scaffolds for wound healing are of interest to address the shortcoming... Read More about Fish biowaste gelatin coated phosphate-glass fibres for wound-healing application.

Electrospun nanofibre membrane based transparent slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces with icephobic properties (2019)
Journal Article
Taş, M., Memon, H., Xu, F., Ahmed, I., & Hou, X. (2020). Electrospun nanofibre membrane based transparent slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces with icephobic properties. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 585, Article 124177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124177

Icephobic surfaces have attracted increasing attention due to their wide ranging application areas from wind and solar energy systems to aviation. Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) are being explored for passive ice protection due to th... Read More about Electrospun nanofibre membrane based transparent slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces with icephobic properties.

Phosphate glass fibers facilitate proliferation and osteogenesis through Runx2 transcription in murine osteoblastic cells (2019)
Journal Article
Lin, X., Li, M., Chen, Q., Xiao, Y., Gao, Y., Ahmed, I., …Qian, A. (2020). Phosphate glass fibers facilitate proliferation and osteogenesis through Runx2 transcription in murine osteoblastic cells. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 108(2), 316-326. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.36818

Cell-material interactions and compatibility are important aspects of bioactive materials for bone tissue engineering. Phosphate glass fiber (PGF) is an attractive inorganic filler with fibrous structure and tunable composition, which has been widely... Read More about Phosphate glass fibers facilitate proliferation and osteogenesis through Runx2 transcription in murine osteoblastic cells.

Formulating injectable pastes of porous calcium phosphate glass microspheres for bone regeneration applications (2019)
Journal Article
Matamoros-Veloza, A., Hossain, K. M. Z., Scammell, B. E., Ahmed, I., Hall, R., & Kapur, N. (2020). Formulating injectable pastes of porous calcium phosphate glass microspheres for bone regeneration applications. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 102, Article 103489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103489

Current trends in regenerative medicine treatments for bone repair applications focus on cell-based therapies. These aim to deliver the treatment via a minimally invasive injection to reduce patient trauma and to improve efficacy. This paper describe... Read More about Formulating injectable pastes of porous calcium phosphate glass microspheres for bone regeneration applications.

Production and characterisation of novel phosphate glass fibre yarns, textiles, and textile composites for biomedical applications (2019)
Journal Article
Wang, Y., Liu, X., Zhu, C., Parsons, A., Liu, J., Huang, S., …Sharmin, N. (2019). Production and characterisation of novel phosphate glass fibre yarns, textiles, and textile composites for biomedical applications. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 99, 47-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.07.017

This work presents manufacturing, processing and characterisation of the phosphate glass fibre (PGF) products for biomedical applications, including multifilament PGF strands, yarns and textiles, and PGF textile composites. The multifilament producti... Read More about Production and characterisation of novel phosphate glass fibre yarns, textiles, and textile composites for biomedical applications.

Live Simultaneous Monitoring of Mineral Deposition and Lipid Accumulation in Differentiating Stem Cells (2019)
Journal Article
De Melo, N., McGinlay, S., Markus, R., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Symonds, M. E., Ahmed, I., & Sottile, V. (2019). Live Simultaneous Monitoring of Mineral Deposition and Lipid Accumulation in Differentiating Stem Cells. Biomimetics, 4(3), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4030048

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are progenitors for bone-forming osteoblasts and lipid-storing adipocytes, two major lineages co-existing in bone marrow. When isolated in vitro, these stem cells recapitulate osteoblast or adipocyte formation if treated... Read More about Live Simultaneous Monitoring of Mineral Deposition and Lipid Accumulation in Differentiating Stem Cells.

The effect of MgO/TiO2 on structural and crystallization behavior of near invert phosphate-based glasses (2019)
Journal Article
Islam, M. T., Sharmin, N., Rance, G. A., Titman, J. J., Parsons, A. J., Hossain, K. M. Z., & Ahmed, I. (2020). The effect of MgO/TiO2 on structural and crystallization behavior of near invert phosphate-based glasses. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 108(3), 674-686. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.34421

Varying formulations in the glass system of 40P2O5─(24 − x)MgO─(16 + x)CaO─(20 − y)Na2O─yTiO2 (where 0 ≤ x ≤ 22 and y = 0 or 1) were prepared via melt-quenching. The structure of the glasses was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform... Read More about The effect of MgO/TiO2 on structural and crystallization behavior of near invert phosphate-based glasses.

Effect of processing on microstructure, mechanical properties and dissolution behaviour in SBF of Bioglass (45S5) coatings deposited by Suspension High Velocity Oxy Fuel (SHVOF) thermal spray (2019)
Journal Article
Bano, S., Ahmed, I., Grant, D., Nommeots-Nomm, A., & Hussain, T. (2019). Effect of processing on microstructure, mechanical properties and dissolution behaviour in SBF of Bioglass (45S5) coatings deposited by Suspension High Velocity Oxy Fuel (SHVOF) thermal spray. Surface and Coatings Technology, 372, 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.05.038

Glass microparticle‐ versus microsphere‐filled experimental dental adhesives (2019)
Journal Article
Abou Neel, E. A., Kiani, A., Valappil, S. P., Mordan, N. M., Baek, S., Zakir Hossain, K. M., …Knowles, J. C. (2019). Glass microparticle‐ versus microsphere‐filled experimental dental adhesives. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136(32), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.47832

This study aimed to formulate antibacterial dental adhesives. Phosphate‐substituted methacrylate adhesives were modified with 0–20 wt % copper‐doped glass microparticles. Two shapes of microparticles were used: regular shaped (microspheres) and irreg... Read More about Glass microparticle‐ versus microsphere‐filled experimental dental adhesives.

Porous phosphate-based glass microspheres show biocompatibility, tissue infiltration and osteogenic onset in an ovine bone defect model (2019)
Journal Article
McLaren, J. S., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Zakir Hossain, K. M., Patel, U., Grant, D. M., Scammell, B. E., …Sottile, V. (2019). Porous phosphate-based glass microspheres show biocompatibility, tissue infiltration and osteogenic onset in an ovine bone defect model. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 11(17), 15436–15446. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b04603

Phosphate-based glasses (PBG) are bioactive and fully degradable materials with tailorable degradation rates. PBGs can be produced as porous microspheres through a single-step process, using changes in their formulation and geometry to produce varyin... Read More about Porous phosphate-based glass microspheres show biocompatibility, tissue infiltration and osteogenic onset in an ovine bone defect model.

In vitro cellular testing of Strontium/Calcium substituted phosphate glass discs and microspheres shows potential for bone regeneration (2019)
Journal Article
Patel, U., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Hossain, K. M. Z., Scammell, B. E., Grant, D. M., Scotchford, C. A., …Sottile, V. (2019). In vitro cellular testing of Strontium/Calcium substituted phosphate glass discs and microspheres shows potential for bone regeneration. Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 13(3), 396-405. https://doi.org/10.1002/term.2796

Phosphate glasses (PBG) are ideal materials for regenerative medicine strategies since their composition, degradation rates and ion release profiles can easily be controlled. Strontium has previously been found to simultaneously affect bone resorptio... Read More about In vitro cellular testing of Strontium/Calcium substituted phosphate glass discs and microspheres shows potential for bone regeneration.

Effects of ZnO addition on thermal properties, degradation and biocompatibility of P45Mg24Ca16Na(15−x)Znx glasses (2019)
Journal Article
Wang, Y., Zhu, C., Parsons, A., Rudd, C., Ahmed, I., & Sharmin, N. (2019). Effects of ZnO addition on thermal properties, degradation and biocompatibility of P45Mg24Ca16Na(15−x)Znx glasses. Biomedical Glasses, 5(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1515/bglass-2019-0005

Four phosphate-based glass formulations in the system P45Mg24Ca16Na(15−x)Znx, referred to as P45Znx (x = 0, 5, 10 and 15 mol%), were prepared using a melt quenching process. The effect of ZnO addition on density, molar volume, thermal properties and... Read More about Effects of ZnO addition on thermal properties, degradation and biocompatibility of P45Mg24Ca16Na(15−x)Znx glasses.

Ga and Ce ion-doped phosphate glass fibres with antibacterial properties and their composite for wound healing applications (2019)
Journal Article
Łapa, A., Cresswell, M., Campbell, I., Jackson, P., Goldmann, W. H., Detsch, R., …Boccaccini, A. R. (2019). Ga and Ce ion-doped phosphate glass fibres with antibacterial properties and their composite for wound healing applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 7(44), 6981-6993. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tb00820a

© 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Novel gallium/cerium-doped phosphate glass fibres (PGF) were successfully manufactured by the melt-quenching and melt-spinning process. The amorphous character of the materials produced was confirmed using X-ray... Read More about Ga and Ce ion-doped phosphate glass fibres with antibacterial properties and their composite for wound healing applications.

Chitosan as a coupling agent for phosphate glass fibre/polycaprolactone composites (2018)
Journal Article
Tan, C., Rudd, C., Parsons, A. J., Sharmin, N., Zhang, J., Chen, W., & Ahmed, I. (2018). Chitosan as a coupling agent for phosphate glass fibre/polycaprolactone composites. Fibers, 6(4), Article 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib6040097

This study shows that chitosan (CS) could be highly useful as a coupling agent in phosphate glass fibre/polycaprolactone (PGF/PCL) composites, as it improved the interfacial shear strength by up to 78%. PGFs of composition 45P2O5-5B2O3-5Na2O-24CaO-10... Read More about Chitosan as a coupling agent for phosphate glass fibre/polycaprolactone composites.

Developing unique geometries of phosphate-based glasses and their prospective biomedical applications (2018)
Journal Article
Ahmed, I., Ren, H., & Booth, J. (2019). Developing unique geometries of phosphate-based glasses and their prospective biomedical applications. Johnson Matthey Technology Review, 63(1), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1595/205651319x15426460058863

© 2019 Johnson Matthey Phosphate-based glasses are promising materials for a range of applications including biomedical, veterinary and optical. These glasses are distinguished by the presence of at least one terminal oxygen atom, which gives phospha... Read More about Developing unique geometries of phosphate-based glasses and their prospective biomedical applications.

The mechanical property, degradation and cytocompatibility analysis of novel phosphate glass fiber textiles (2018)
Journal Article
Zhu, C., Ahmed, I., Parsons, A., Liu, J., & Liu, X. (2019). The mechanical property, degradation and cytocompatibility analysis of novel phosphate glass fiber textiles. Textile Research Journal, 89(16), 3280-3290. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517518809052

© The Author(s) 2018. Phosphate glass fibers have been widely considered as potential biomedical materials for orthopedical application due to their full degradability and excellent cytocompatibility. In this study, phosphate-based glass fibers were... Read More about The mechanical property, degradation and cytocompatibility analysis of novel phosphate glass fiber textiles.

Novel bioresorbable textile composites for medical applications (2018)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Zhu, C., Ahmed, I., Parsons, A. J., Wang, Y., Tan, C., Liu, J., …Liu, X. (2018). Novel bioresorbable textile composites for medical applications. In N/A

Currently, phosphate glass fibre (PGF) reinforced composites are a potential solution for bone repairing due to sufficient mechanical properties and full bioresorbability. In this study, a small inkle-type loom for hand weaving facilitated the produc... Read More about Novel bioresorbable textile composites for medical applications.

Effects of Fe2O3 addition and annealing on the mechanical and dissolution properties of MgO- and CaO-containing phosphate glass fibres for bio-applications (2018)
Journal Article
Tan, C., Ahmed, I., Parsons, A. J., Zhu, C., Betanzos, F. B., & Liu, X. (2018). Effects of Fe2O3 addition and annealing on the mechanical and dissolution properties of MgO- and CaO-containing phosphate glass fibres for bio-applications. Biomedical Glasses, 4(1), https://doi.org/10.1515/bglass-2018-0006

This paper investigated the preparation of phosphate glass fibres (PGFs) in the following systems: i) 45P2O5-5B2O3-5Na2O-(29-x)CaO-16MgO-(x)Fe2O3and ii) 45P2O5-5B2O3-5Na2O-24CaO-(21-x)MgO-(x)Fe2O3(where x = 5, 8 and 11 mol%) for biomedical applicatio... Read More about Effects of Fe2O3 addition and annealing on the mechanical and dissolution properties of MgO- and CaO-containing phosphate glass fibres for bio-applications.

Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose (2018)
Journal Article
Felfel, R. M., Hossain, K. M. Z., Kabir, S. F., Yee, S. L., Ahmed, I., & Grant, D. M. (2018). Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose. Carbohydrate Polymers, 194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.005

Transparent and flexible nanocomposite films with a range of Agarose to Cellulose Nano-Whisker (CNW) ratios were produced using never-dried CNWs. The incorporation of never-dried CNWs within Agarose played an important role in the surface roughness (... Read More about Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose.

Porous calcium phosphate glass microspheres for orthobiologic applications (2018)
Journal Article
Hossain, K. M. Z., Patel, U., Kennedy, A. R., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Sottile, V., Grant, D. M., …Ahmed, I. (2018). Porous calcium phosphate glass microspheres for orthobiologic applications. Acta Biomaterialia, 72, 396-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.040

© 2018 Orthobiologics is a rapidly advancing field utilising cell-based therapies and biomaterials to enable the body to repair and regenerate musculoskeletal tissues. This paper reports on a cost-effective flame spheroidisation process for producti... Read More about Porous calcium phosphate glass microspheres for orthobiologic applications.

Electric field-assisted orientation of short phosphate glass fibers on stainless steel for biomedical applications (2018)
Journal Article
Chen, Q., Jing, J., Qi, H., Ahmed, I., Yang, H., Liu, X., …Boccaccini, A. R. (2018). Electric field-assisted orientation of short phosphate glass fibers on stainless steel for biomedical applications. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 10(14), 11529-11538. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b01378

Structural and compositional modifications of metallic implant surfaces are being actively investigated to achieve improved bone-to-implant bonding. In this study, a strategy to modify bulk metallic surfaces by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of sho... Read More about Electric field-assisted orientation of short phosphate glass fibers on stainless steel for biomedical applications.

Live quantitative monitoring of mineral deposition in stem cells using tetracycline hydrochloride (2018)
Journal Article
Macri-Pellizzeri, L., De Melo, N., Ahmed, I., Grant, D. M., Scammell, B., & Sottile, V. (2018). Live quantitative monitoring of mineral deposition in stem cells using tetracycline hydrochloride. Tissue Engineering Part C Methods, 24(3), https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.TEC.2017.0400

The final stage of in vitro osteogenic differentiation is characterized by the production of mineral deposits containing calcium cations and inorganic phosphates, which populate the extracellular matrix surrounding the cell monolayer. Conventional hi... Read More about Live quantitative monitoring of mineral deposition in stem cells using tetracycline hydrochloride.

Simulating damage onset and evolution in fully bio-resorbable composite under three-point bending (2018)
Journal Article
Gao, X., Chen, M., Yang, X., Harper, L., Ahmed, I., & Lu, J. (2018). Simulating damage onset and evolution in fully bio-resorbable composite under three-point bending. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.02.022

This paper presents a strain-based damage model to predict the stress-strain relationship and investigate the damage onset and evolution of the fibre and matrix of a fully bio-resorbable phosphate glass fibre reinforced composite under three-point be... Read More about Simulating damage onset and evolution in fully bio-resorbable composite under three-point bending.

Single solvent based film casting method for the production of porous polymer films (2018)
Journal Article
Hossain, K. M. Z., Felfel, R. M., Ogbilikana, P. S., Thakker, D., Grant, D. M., Scotchford, C., & Ahmed, I. (2018). Single solvent based film casting method for the production of porous polymer films. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 303, https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201700628

A single solvent based film casting process for fabricating porous polymer films was developed in this study. The porous film was produced by mixing concentrated polylactic acid/ chloroform solution (20 wt%) and fresh chloroform solvent followed by f... Read More about Single solvent based film casting method for the production of porous polymer films.

Role of geometrical cues in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell survival, growth and osteogenic differentiation (2017)
Journal Article
Gupta, D., Grant, D. M., Hossain, K. M. Z., Ahmed, I., & Sottile, V. (2018). Role of geometrical cues in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell survival, growth and osteogenic differentiation. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 32(7), https://doi.org/10.1177/0885328217745699

Mesenchymal stem cells play a vital role in bone formation process by differentiating into osteoblasts, in a tissue that offers not a flat but a discontinuous three-dimensional (3D) topography in vivo. In order to understand how geometry may be affec... Read More about Role of geometrical cues in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell survival, growth and osteogenic differentiation.

Novel bioresorbable phosphate glass fiber textile composites for medical applications (2017)
Journal Article
Zhu, C., Ahmed, I., Parsons, A. J., Wang, Y., Tan, C., Liu, J., …Liu, X. (2018). Novel bioresorbable phosphate glass fiber textile composites for medical applications. Polymer Composites, 39(S1), E140-E151. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24499

A manual bench-top inkle-type loom was designed to enable hand woven textiles. These PGF textiles, along with unidirectional (UD) fiber mats made from the same batch of yarns, were utilized to manufacture fully resorbable textile composites (T-C), un... Read More about Novel bioresorbable phosphate glass fiber textile composites for medical applications.

Wet and dry flexural high cycle fatigue behaviour of fully bioresorbable glass fibre composites: In-situ polymerisation versus laminate stacking (2017)
Journal Article
Chen, M., Lu, J., Felfel, R. M., Parsons, A. J., Irvine, D. J., Rudd, C. D., & Ahmed, I. (2017). Wet and dry flexural high cycle fatigue behaviour of fully bioresorbable glass fibre composites: In-situ polymerisation versus laminate stacking. Composites Science and Technology, 150, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.07.006

Fully bioresorbable phosphate based glass fibre reinforced polycaprolactone (PCL/PGF) composites are potentially excellent candidates to address current issues experienced with use of metal implants for hard tissue repair, such as stress shielding ef... Read More about Wet and dry flexural high cycle fatigue behaviour of fully bioresorbable glass fibre composites: In-situ polymerisation versus laminate stacking.

Structural and physico-chemical analysis of calcium/ strontium substituted, near-invert phosphate based glasses for biomedical applications (2017)
Journal Article
Patel, U., Moss, R., Hossain, K., Kennedy, A., Barney, E., Ahmed, I., & Hannon, A. (2017). Structural and physico-chemical analysis of calcium/ strontium substituted, near-invert phosphate based glasses for biomedical applications. Acta Biomaterialia, 60, 109-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.002

Neutron diffraction, 23Na and 31P NMR and FTIR spectroscopy have been used to investigate the structural effects of substituting CaO with SrO in a 40P2O5·(16 x)CaO·20Na2O·24MgO·xSrO glass, where x is 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mol%. The 31P solid-state NMR r... Read More about Structural and physico-chemical analysis of calcium/ strontium substituted, near-invert phosphate based glasses for biomedical applications.

Mechanical, structural and dissolution properties of heat treated thin-film phosphate based glasses (2017)
Journal Article
Stuart, B. W., Gimeno-Fabra, M., Segal, J., Ahmed, I., & Grant, D. M. (2017). Mechanical, structural and dissolution properties of heat treated thin-film phosphate based glasses. Applied Surface Science, 416, 605-617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.04.110

Here we show the deposition of 2.7 μm thick phosphate based glass films produced by magnetron sputtering, followed by post heat treatments at 500 °C. Variations in degradation properties pre and post heat treatment were attributed to the formation of... Read More about Mechanical, structural and dissolution properties of heat treated thin-film phosphate based glasses.

Structural, thermal and dissolution properties of MgO- and CaO-containing borophosphate glasses: effect of Fe2O3 addition (2017)
Journal Article
Tan, C., Ahmed, I., Parsons, A. J., Sharmin, N., Zhu, C., Liu, J., …Liu, X. (2017). Structural, thermal and dissolution properties of MgO- and CaO-containing borophosphate glasses: effect of Fe2O3 addition. Journal of Materials Science, 52(12), 7489-7502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-0981-1

This paper investigated manufacture of high-durability phosphate glass fibres for biomedical applications. Five different borophosphate glass formulations in the systems of 45P2O5–5B2O3–5Na2O–(29 − x)CaO–16MgO–(x)Fe2O3 and 45P2O5–5B2O3–5Na2O–24CaO–(2... Read More about Structural, thermal and dissolution properties of MgO- and CaO-containing borophosphate glasses: effect of Fe2O3 addition.

Compositional dependency on dissolution rate and cytocompatibility of phosphate-based glasses: effect of B2O3 and Fe2O3 addition (2017)
Journal Article
Sharmin, N., Gu, F., Ahmed, I., & Parsons, A. J. (2017). Compositional dependency on dissolution rate and cytocompatibility of phosphate-based glasses: effect of B2O3 and Fe2O3 addition. Journal of Tissue Engineering, 8, 204173141774445. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041731417744454

The unique property of phosphate-based glasses and fibres to be completely dissolved in aqueous media is largely dependent on the glass composition. This article focuses on investigating the effect of replacing Na2O with 3 and 5 mol% Fe2O3 on cytocom... Read More about Compositional dependency on dissolution rate and cytocompatibility of phosphate-based glasses: effect of B2O3 and Fe2O3 addition.

Structure–properties relationships in fibre drawing of bioactive phosphate glasses (2017)
Journal Article
Muñoz-Senovilla, L., Muñoz, F., Tricot, G., Ahmed, I., & Parsons, A. J. (2017). Structure–properties relationships in fibre drawing of bioactive phosphate glasses. Journal of Materials Science, 52(15), 9166-9178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-0773-7

New bioactive phosphate glasses suitable for continuous fibre production are investigated in this work. The structure of both bulk and fibres from Na2O–CaO–MgO–P2O5 glasses has been studied by means of Raman and 31P and 23Na nuclear magnetic resonanc... Read More about Structure–properties relationships in fibre drawing of bioactive phosphate glasses.

Phosphate Glass Fibres and Their Composites (2016)
Book Chapter
Hossain, K. M. Z., Felfel, R. M., Grant, D. M., & Ahmed, I. (2016). Phosphate Glass Fibres and Their Composites. In A. R. Boccaccini, D. S. Brauer, & L. Hupa (Eds.), Bioactive Glasses: Fundamentals, Technology and Applications (257-285). Royal Society of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781782622017-00257

An overview of the research conducted utilising phosphate glass fibres (PGFs), their manufacturing processes and utilisation potential for biomedical applications is presented in this chapter. Phosphate glasses of varying compositions in the form of... Read More about Phosphate Glass Fibres and Their Composites.

Structural, thermal, in vitro degradation and cytocompatibility properties of P2O5-B2O3-CaO-MgO-Na2O-Fe2O3 glasses (2016)
Journal Article
Zhu, C., Ahmed, I., Parsons, A., Hossain, K. M. Z., Rudd, C. D., Liu, J., & Liu, X. (2017). Structural, thermal, in vitro degradation and cytocompatibility properties of P2O5-B2O3-CaO-MgO-Na2O-Fe2O3 glasses. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 457, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.11.001

Borophosphate glasses with compositions of (48 − x)P2O5-(12 + x)B2O3-14CaO-20MgO-1Na2O-5Fe2O3 (where x = 0, 3, 8 mol%) were prepared via a melt-quenching process. The effects of replacing P2O5 with B2O3 on the structural, thermal, degradation propert... Read More about Structural, thermal, in vitro degradation and cytocompatibility properties of P2O5-B2O3-CaO-MgO-Na2O-Fe2O3 glasses.

Structure, viscosity and fibre drawing properties of phosphate-based glasses: effect of boron and iron oxide addition (2016)
Journal Article
Sharmin, N., Rudd, C. D., Parsons, A. J., & Ahmed, I. (2016). Structure, viscosity and fibre drawing properties of phosphate-based glasses: effect of boron and iron oxide addition. Journal of Materials Science, 51(16), 7523-7535. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0032-3

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York. Resorbable phosphate-based glasses have been applied as fibrous reinforcement for resorbable polymers for fracture fixation. The mechanical properties of these composites largely depend on the mechani... Read More about Structure, viscosity and fibre drawing properties of phosphate-based glasses: effect of boron and iron oxide addition.

Cyclic pressure on compression-moulded bioresorbable phosphate glass fibre reinforced composites (2016)
Journal Article
Barrera Betanzos, F., Gimeno-Fabra, M., Segal, J., Grant, D., & Ahmed, I. (2016). Cyclic pressure on compression-moulded bioresorbable phosphate glass fibre reinforced composites. Materials and Design, 100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.03.108

The use of thermoplastic composites based on poly(lactic) acid and phosphate glass fibres over metallic alloys for clinical restorative treatment is highly beneficial due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, difficulties in achiev... Read More about Cyclic pressure on compression-moulded bioresorbable phosphate glass fibre reinforced composites.

In vitro degradation and mechanical properties of PLA-PCL copolymer unit cell scaffolds generated by two-photon polymerization (2016)
Journal Article
Felfel, R. M., Poocza, L., Gimeno-Fabra, M., Milde, T., Hildebrand, G., Ahmed, I., …Liefeith, K. (2016). In vitro degradation and mechanical properties of PLA-PCL copolymer unit cell scaffolds generated by two-photon polymerization. Biomedical Materials, 11(1), Article 015011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-6041/11/1/015011

© 2016 IOP Publishing Ltd. The manufacture of 3D scaffolds with specific controlled porous architecture, defined microstructure and an adjustable degradation profile was achieved using two-photon polymerization (TPP) with a size of 2 × 4 × 2 mm3. Sca... Read More about In vitro degradation and mechanical properties of PLA-PCL copolymer unit cell scaffolds generated by two-photon polymerization.

In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: in vitro degradation and mechanical properties (2015)
Journal Article
Chen, M., Parsons, A. J., Felfel, R. M., Rudd, C. D., Irvine, D. J., & Ahmed, I. (2016). In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: in vitro degradation and mechanical properties. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 59, 78-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.12.019

Fully bioresorbable composites have been investigated in order to replace metal implant plates used for hard tissue repair. Retention of the composite mechanical properties within a physiological environment has been shown to be significantly affecte... Read More about In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: in vitro degradation and mechanical properties.

Degradation and Characterization of Resorbable Phosphate-Based Glass Thin-Film Coatings Applied by Radio-Frequency Magnetron Sputtering (2015)
Journal Article
Stuart, B. W., Stuart, B., Gimeno-Fabra, M., Segal, J., Ahmed, I., & Grant, D. M. (2015). Degradation and Characterization of Resorbable Phosphate-Based Glass Thin-Film Coatings Applied by Radio-Frequency Magnetron Sputtering. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 7(49), 27362-27372. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b08957

Quinternary phosphate-based glasses of up to 2.67 μm, deposited by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, were degraded in distilled water and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to investigate their degradation characteristics. Magnetron- sputtered coati... Read More about Degradation and Characterization of Resorbable Phosphate-Based Glass Thin-Film Coatings Applied by Radio-Frequency Magnetron Sputtering.

Core/clad phosphate glass fibres containing iron and/or titanium (2015)
Journal Article
Ahmed, I., Shahruddin, S., Sharmin, N., Furniss, D., & Rudd, C. D. (2015). Core/clad phosphate glass fibres containing iron and/or titanium. Biomedical Glasses, 1(1), https://doi.org/10.1515/bglass-2015-0004

Phosphate glasses are novel amorphous biomaterials due to their fully resorbable characteristics, with controllable degradation profiles. In this study, phosphate glasses containing titanium and/or iron were identified to exhibit sufficiently matched... Read More about Core/clad phosphate glass fibres containing iron and/or titanium.

Preferential sputtering in phosphate glass systems for the processing of bioactive coatings (2015)
Journal Article

Development of microspheres for biomedical applications: a review (2014)
Journal Article
Hossain, K. M. Z., Patel, U., & Ahmed, I. (2015). Development of microspheres for biomedical applications: a review. Progress in Biomaterials, 4(1), https://doi.org/10.1007/s40204-014-0033-8

An overview of microspheres manufactured for use in biomedical applications based on recent literature is presented in this review. Different types of glasses (i.e. silicate, borate, and phosphates), ceramics and polymer-based microspheres (both natu... Read More about Development of microspheres for biomedical applications: a review.

Mechanical, degradation and cytocompatibility properties of magnesium coated phosphate glass fibre reinforced polycaprolactone composites (2014)
Journal Article
Liu, X., Hasan, M. S., Grant, D. M., Harper, L. T., Parsons, A. J., Palmer, G., …Ahmed, I. (2014). Mechanical, degradation and cytocompatibility properties of magnesium coated phosphate glass fibre reinforced polycaprolactone composites. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 29(5), https://doi.org/10.1177/0885328214541302

Retention of mechanical properties of phosphate glass fibre reinforced degradable polyesters such as polycaprolactone and polylactic acid in aqueous media has been shown to be strongly influenced by the integrity of the fibre/polymer interface. A pre... Read More about Mechanical, degradation and cytocompatibility properties of magnesium coated phosphate glass fibre reinforced polycaprolactone composites.

Effect of boron oxide addition on fibre drawing, mechanical properties and dissolution behaviour of phosphate-based glass fibres with fixed 40, 45 and 50 mol% P2O5 (2014)
Journal Article
Sharmin, N., Parsons, A. J., Rudd, C. D., & Ahmed, I. (2014). Effect of boron oxide addition on fibre drawing, mechanical properties and dissolution behaviour of phosphate-based glass fibres with fixed 40, 45 and 50 mol% P2O5. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 29(5), 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885328214539824

© The Author(s) 2014. Previous studies investigating manufacture of phosphate-based glass fibres from glasses fixed with P2O5 content less than 50 mol% showed that continuous manufacture without breakage was very difficult. In this study, nine phosph... Read More about Effect of boron oxide addition on fibre drawing, mechanical properties and dissolution behaviour of phosphate-based glass fibres with fixed 40, 45 and 50 mol% P2O5.

Effect of Boron Addition on the Thermal, Degradation, and Cytocompatibility Properties of Phosphate-Based Glasses (2013)
Journal Article
Sharmin, N., Hasan, M. S., Parsons, A. J., Furniss, D., Scotchford, C. A., Ahmed, I., & Rudd, C. D. (2013). Effect of Boron Addition on the Thermal, Degradation, and Cytocompatibility Properties of Phosphate-Based Glasses. BioMed Research International, 2013, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/902427

Initial mechanical properties of phosphate-glass fibre-reinforced rods for use as resorbable intramedullary nails (2012)
Journal Article
Felfel, R. M., Ahmed, I., Parsons, A. J., Harper, L. T., & Rudd, C. D. (2012). Initial mechanical properties of phosphate-glass fibre-reinforced rods for use as resorbable intramedullary nails. Journal of Materials Science, 47(12), 4884-4894. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6355-9

This paper investigates the use of novel phosphate- glass fibre-reinforced rods as resorbable intramedullary nails. Random and unidirectional fibres were moulded into composite rods by forging at ∼100 °C. Rods produced using non-woven random mats (RM... Read More about Initial mechanical properties of phosphate-glass fibre-reinforced rods for use as resorbable intramedullary nails.

Influence of screw holes and gamma sterilization on properties of phosphate glass fiber-reinforced composite bone plates (2011)
Journal Article
Han, N., Ahmed, I., Parsons, A. J., Harper, L., Scotchford, C. A., Scammell, B. E., & Rudd, C. D. (2013). Influence of screw holes and gamma sterilization on properties of phosphate glass fiber-reinforced composite bone plates. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 27(8), 990-1002. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885328211431855

Polymers prepared from polylactic acid (PLA) have found a multitude of uses as medical devices. For a material that degrades, the main advantage is that an implant would not necessitate a second surgical event for removal. In this study, fibers produ... Read More about Influence of screw holes and gamma sterilization on properties of phosphate glass fiber-reinforced composite bone plates.