Outputs (332)

Fillet Radius Impact of Rectangular Insulated Wires on PDIV for Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors (2024)
Journal Article
Naderiallaf, H., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Gerada, D. (2024). Fillet Radius Impact of Rectangular Insulated Wires on PDIV for Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 1-1. https://doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2024.3355032

This contribution elucidates the impact of the fillet radius, a geometric feature of rectangular insulated wires not commonly considered, on the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) in low-voltage machine turn-to-turn winding insulation. Initia... Read More about Fillet Radius Impact of Rectangular Insulated Wires on PDIV for Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors.

Manufacturable Edgewise Winding Solutions Considering Parallel Slot and Parallel Tooth Stator Structures (2023)
Conference Proceeding
George, L., Walker, A., Zhang, F., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2023). Manufacturable Edgewise Winding Solutions Considering Parallel Slot and Parallel Tooth Stator Structures. . https://doi.org/10.1109/oncon60463.2023.10431188

Due to climate concerns, the push towards transportation electrification to deliver electric machines capable of high-power density performance is becoming increasingly critical. A key component of this is the structure and manufacture of the winding... Read More about Manufacturable Edgewise Winding Solutions Considering Parallel Slot and Parallel Tooth Stator Structures.

A Taguchi-LHS-RSM Double-Staged Approach for Design Optimization of Self-Ventilated Cooling Systems Utilized in PMSMs (2023)
Conference Proceeding
Zhu, G., Xu, Z., Zhang, F., Gerada, C., & Gerada, D. (2023). A Taguchi-LHS-RSM Double-Staged Approach for Design Optimization of Self-Ventilated Cooling Systems Utilized in PMSMs. In 26th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). https://doi.org/10.1109/icems59686.2023.10344616

Thermal management is critical for high-power-density permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). To realize the efficient and effective design optimization of self-ventilated air cooling systems for PMSMs, in this paper, a Taguchi-preconditioned... Read More about A Taguchi-LHS-RSM Double-Staged Approach for Design Optimization of Self-Ventilated Cooling Systems Utilized in PMSMs.

Assessment of Edgewise Insulated Wire Bend Radius Impact on Dielectric Properties of Turn-to-Turn Insulation through Thermal Ageing (2023)
Journal Article
Naderiallaf, H., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2023). Assessment of Edgewise Insulated Wire Bend Radius Impact on Dielectric Properties of Turn-to-Turn Insulation through Thermal Ageing. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2023.3309780

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the bending radius of edgewise insulated wires on dielectric properties such as partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV), partial discharge extinction voltage (PDEV), dielectric dissipation factor (DDF), an... Read More about Assessment of Edgewise Insulated Wire Bend Radius Impact on Dielectric Properties of Turn-to-Turn Insulation through Thermal Ageing.

PDIV Modelling for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors through Thermal Ageing (2023)
Journal Article
Naderiallaf, H., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2023). PDIV Modelling for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors through Thermal Ageing. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2023.3307048

This contribution develops the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV)-FEM-based model based on Schumann’s streamer inception criterion (SCSIC) with respect to thermal ageing time (TAGT) or the insulation lifetime for the turn-to-turn insulation o... Read More about PDIV Modelling for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors through Thermal Ageing.

Rotor Vibration Control using Multi-Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (2023)
Conference Proceeding
Di Nardo, M., Ilkhani, M. R., Wang, M., Degano, M., Gerada, C., Sala, G., …Hoppert, M. (2023). Rotor Vibration Control using Multi-Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines. In 2023 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC55163.2023.10238954

This paper investigates the possibility to control the radial displacements of the shaft of an electrical machine equipped with a multi-three-phase winding arrangement with the aim of reducing the related vibrations. A comprehensive dynamic modeling... Read More about Rotor Vibration Control using Multi-Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines.

Design of an aircraft generator with radial force control. (2023)
Journal Article
Brecher, C., Neus, S., Gärtner, M., Eckel, H., Hoppert, M., James, B., …Di Nardo, M. (2023). Design of an aircraft generator with radial force control. Open Research Europe, 2, Article 73. https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14684.3

With the increasing electrical energy demands in aviation propulsion systems, the increase in the onboard generators’ power density is inevitable. During the flight, forces coming from the gearbox or gyroscopic forces generated by flight manoeuvres l... Read More about Design of an aircraft generator with radial force control..

Analytical Calculation and Experimental Validation of Litz Wires Axial Thermal Conductivity (2023)
Journal Article
Li, Z., Xu, Z., Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Guo, R., Zhang, H., …Zhang, C. (2023). Analytical Calculation and Experimental Validation of Litz Wires Axial Thermal Conductivity. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 1-1. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2023.3262766

Litz wires are widely used in electrical machines with reduced AC losses, compared to traditional random winding. The reduced AC losses can improve both electrical machines electromagnetic performance, such as efficiency and thermal performance. Ther... Read More about Analytical Calculation and Experimental Validation of Litz Wires Axial Thermal Conductivity.

Radical technology innovations for high‐speed transport; ePlanes to replace rail? (2023)
Journal Article
Riley, P. H., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2023). Radical technology innovations for high‐speed transport; ePlanes to replace rail?. IET Electrical Systems in Transportation, 13(1), Article 12061. https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12061

This paper evaluates various modes of transport against the dual requirements of Net-Zero carbon emissions and user convenience, in particular, speed of travel and cost of transportation. Results show that when operated across a whole country, batter... Read More about Radical technology innovations for high‐speed transport; ePlanes to replace rail?.

AC/DC Converter Topologies Comparison for More Electric Aircraft Applications (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Khera, F. A., Gerada, C., Bozhko, S., & Wheeler, P. W. (2022). AC/DC Converter Topologies Comparison for More Electric Aircraft Applications. In 2022 IEEE 7th Southern Power Electronics Conference (SPEC). https://doi.org/10.1109/SPEC55080.2022.10058465

This paper compares the potential AC/DC power converter topologies that are appropriate for medium voltage and medium/high power aircraft applications. The power converter's rated power and the DC distribution voltage level in this application assume... Read More about AC/DC Converter Topologies Comparison for More Electric Aircraft Applications.

Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines: High Speed Design and Limits (2022)
Journal Article
Gallicchio, G., Nardo, M. D., Palmieri, M., Ilkhani, M. R., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Cupertino, F. (2023). Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines: High Speed Design and Limits. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 38(2), 1311-1324. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2022.3225224

Surface permanent magnet synchronous machines are one of the most widely adopted machine topologies in high-speed applications where efficiency and power factor cannot be compromised. Although the design of such machine type has been extensively inve... Read More about Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines: High Speed Design and Limits.

Airgap Length Analysis of a 350kW PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machine for Heavy Duty EV Traction (2022)
Journal Article
Zou, T., Gerada, D., La Rocca, S., La Rocca, A., Walker, A., Vakil, G., …Gerada, C. (2023). Airgap Length Analysis of a 350kW PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machine for Heavy Duty EV Traction. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 59(2), 1557-1570. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2022.3225255

Synchronous reluctance (Syn-Rel) machines with embedded permanent magnets (PMs) are research hotspots in variable speed motor drives due to their robust rotor structure and wide constant power speed range (CPSR). In this paper, the potential of PM-as... Read More about Airgap Length Analysis of a 350kW PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machine for Heavy Duty EV Traction.

2-DOF Decoupled Discrete Current Control for AC Drives at Low Sampling-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratios (2022)
Journal Article
Wang, M., Buticchi, G., Li, J., Gu, C., Gerada, D., Degano, M., …Gerada, C. (2023). 2-DOF Decoupled Discrete Current Control for AC Drives at Low Sampling-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratios. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 9(2), 2048-2058. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3210909

In high performance drive systems, wide bandwidth and reference tracking accuracy of current control loop are fundamental requirements. The conventional PI controller provides robustness against the machine parameter mismatching and zero steady-state... Read More about 2-DOF Decoupled Discrete Current Control for AC Drives at Low Sampling-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratios.

Comparative Stability Analysis of Synchronous Reference Frame Current Controllers Operated at High Fundamental Frequency (2022)
Journal Article
Diab, A. M., Guo, F., Yeoh, S. S., Bozhko, S., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2022). Comparative Stability Analysis of Synchronous Reference Frame Current Controllers Operated at High Fundamental Frequency. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3208825

Synchronous reference frame (SRF) proportional-integral (PI) current controller (CC) is the most well-established solution for current regulation in AC machine drives and grid-connected voltage source converters. The design of high dynamic performanc... Read More about Comparative Stability Analysis of Synchronous Reference Frame Current Controllers Operated at High Fundamental Frequency.

Comparative Analysis of Synchronous Reluctance Machine against Conventional Induction Machine for Railway Traction (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Tom, L., Khowja, M. R., Ramanathan, R., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2022). Comparative Analysis of Synchronous Reluctance Machine against Conventional Induction Machine for Railway Traction. In 2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM 2022) (69-76). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEM51905.2022.9910767

Electrification in railway industry offers better performing trains with reduced pollution and maximised capacity. SynREL is gaining more interest as a candidate for traction application in place of IM due to its simple and robust structure. Conseque... Read More about Comparative Analysis of Synchronous Reluctance Machine against Conventional Induction Machine for Railway Traction.

Fast Sizing Tool and Optimization Technique for Concentrated Wound Slotless Outer Rotor Motor for eVTOL Application (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Dave, N., Gerada, D., Vakil, G., Zhang, H., Shi, B., Zhang, F., …Gerada, C. (2022). Fast Sizing Tool and Optimization Technique for Concentrated Wound Slotless Outer Rotor Motor for eVTOL Application. In 2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (2094-2099). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEM51905.2022.9910584

This paper aims to present the feasibility and advantages of slotless motors for electric aircraft applications. Currently, eVTOL (electric vertical takeoff and landing) aircraft are equipped with a slotted motor with concentrated windings and an out... Read More about Fast Sizing Tool and Optimization Technique for Concentrated Wound Slotless Outer Rotor Motor for eVTOL Application.

Investigating Synchronous Reluctance Rotor Performance for Traction Applications against a Permanent Magnet Benchmark (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Connor, P. H., Khowja, M., La Rocca, A., La Rocca, S., Zou, T., Vakil, G., …Paciura, K. (2022). Investigating Synchronous Reluctance Rotor Performance for Traction Applications against a Permanent Magnet Benchmark. . https://doi.org/10.1109/icem51905.2022.9910649

This paper investigates the potential benefits for the use of synchronous reluctance machines for traction applications. Permanent magnet machines are often used to generate the highest power densities. However, magnet use has drawbacks including tem... Read More about Investigating Synchronous Reluctance Rotor Performance for Traction Applications against a Permanent Magnet Benchmark.

On the Fault Tolerance and PM Demagnetisation of a High-Performance Aircraft Propulsion Motor (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Hebala, A., Nuzzo, S., Connor, P. H., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2022). On the Fault Tolerance and PM Demagnetisation of a High-Performance Aircraft Propulsion Motor. . https://doi.org/10.1109/icem51905.2022.9910866

In this paper, a study of the fault-tolerance and demagnetisation of a high-performance aircraft propulsion motor is investigated. The motor is proposed with either three or four sets of three-phase windings, while maintaining the same magnetic and t... Read More about On the Fault Tolerance and PM Demagnetisation of a High-Performance Aircraft Propulsion Motor.

Concept and Preliminary Sizing of a Dual DC-Bus Homopolar Generator Using Diode Rectifiers (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Vannini, A., Papini, L., Marfoli, A., Gerada, C., & Bolognesi, P. (2022). Concept and Preliminary Sizing of a Dual DC-Bus Homopolar Generator Using Diode Rectifiers. In 2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (2074-2080). https://doi.org/10.1109/icem51905.2022.9910897

Synchronous Homopolar Generators represent an attractive solution for the future of power generation in propulsive systems based on hybrid turbo-electric drivetrains. In fact they feature both a fully controllable excitation, similar to wound-field s... Read More about Concept and Preliminary Sizing of a Dual DC-Bus Homopolar Generator Using Diode Rectifiers.

Power Loss and Performance Analysis of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Actuator Applications (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Tameemi, A., Degano, M., Di Nardo, M., Murataliyev, M., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2022). Power Loss and Performance Analysis of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Actuator Applications. In 2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (807-813). https://doi.org/10.1109/icem51905.2022.9910911

Permanent magnet synchronous motors are very suitable in applications demanding high power density with high performance requirements, such as in aerospace actuators. Achieving high performance targets while keeping the total weight of the electrical... Read More about Power Loss and Performance Analysis of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Actuator Applications.

Modelling, Analysis, and Design of a Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Vannini, A., Simonelli, C., Marfoli, A., Papini, L., Bolognesi, P., & Gerada, C. (2022). Modelling, Analysis, and Design of a Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. . https://doi.org/10.1109/icem51905.2022.9910937

Line-Start Permanent Magnet Motors are a valid alternative to conventional three-phase induction motors and wound-field synchronous machines for fixed-speed applications direct fed by the grid, targeting superior efficiency and high reliability. A ge... Read More about Modelling, Analysis, and Design of a Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor.

Performance Assessment of Standard Cooling Strategies for Hairpin Windings (2022)
Conference Proceeding
La Rocca, A., La Rocca, S., Zou, T., Liu, C., Moslemin, M., Gerada, C., & Cairns, A. (2022). Performance Assessment of Standard Cooling Strategies for Hairpin Windings. In 2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (1163-1169). https://doi.org/10.1109/icem51905.2022.9910733

This paper aims to assess the performance of some standard cooling strategies which are commonly used in traction electric motors for electric vehicles (EVs) employing hairpin windings. The use of such type of coils does normally lead to higher power... Read More about Performance Assessment of Standard Cooling Strategies for Hairpin Windings.

Analysis and Mitigation of AC Losses in High Performance Propulsion Motors (2022)
Journal Article
Hebala, A., Nuzzo, S., Connor, P. H., Volpe, G., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2022). Analysis and Mitigation of AC Losses in High Performance Propulsion Motors. Machines, 10(9), Article 780. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10090780

In this paper, the AC copper losses in classical random windings are investigated and mitigated using several techniques across a range of permanent magnet synchronous motor designs. At high operating frequencies, AC copper losses can represent a sub... Read More about Analysis and Mitigation of AC Losses in High Performance Propulsion Motors.

Comparison of AC Losses in the Winding of Electrical Machines with Fixed Strands Positions, Fixed Conductor Shapes and Random Winding (2022)
Journal Article
Bardalai, A., Gerada, D., Zou, T., Degano, M., Zhang, C., & Gerada, C. (2022). Comparison of AC Losses in the Winding of Electrical Machines with Fixed Strands Positions, Fixed Conductor Shapes and Random Winding. Energies, 15(15), Article 5701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155701

In high performance electric machines, the increase of fundamental frequency leads to additional losses in the winding due to parasitic effects such as the associated skin and proximity effects. In the first part, this paper presents an investigation... Read More about Comparison of AC Losses in the Winding of Electrical Machines with Fixed Strands Positions, Fixed Conductor Shapes and Random Winding.

Analytical Model for the Open Circuit Field due to Different Magnetization Patterns of the rotor in the Slotless Machines (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Dave, N., Gerada, D., Vakil, G., Zhang, H., Li, J., & Gerada, C. (2022). Analytical Model for the Open Circuit Field due to Different Magnetization Patterns of the rotor in the Slotless Machines. In 2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (1204-1210). https://doi.org/10.1109/icem51905.2022.9910580

From the existing literature, the open circuit field due to different magnetisations of the rotor magnets is known. This includes field due to parallel, radial and Halbach magnetisation. This paper presents the generalised analytical model to represe... Read More about Analytical Model for the Open Circuit Field due to Different Magnetization Patterns of the rotor in the Slotless Machines.

High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines - Part I: A General Design Approach (2022)
Journal Article
Gallicchio, G., Di Nardo, M., Palmieri, M., Marfoli, A., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Cupertino, F. (2022). High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines - Part I: A General Design Approach. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1-1. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2022.3176382

The design of synchronous reluctance machines with and without permanent magnets assistance constitutes a challenging engineering task due to the numerous design variables and performance indexes to be considered. The design complexity increases even... Read More about High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines - Part I: A General Design Approach.

High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine - Part II: Performance Boundaries (2022)
Journal Article
Di Nardo, M., Gallicchio, G., Palmieri, M., Marfoli, A., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Cupertino, F. (2022). High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine - Part II: Performance Boundaries. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 37(4), 2567-2577. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2022.3176383

The insertion of permanent magnets (PMs) within the rotor slots of Synchronous Reluctance Machines (SyRM) is the most common design strategy used to increase significantly their performance. In this paper it is shown how a permanent magnet assisted s... Read More about High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine - Part II: Performance Boundaries.

Mild hybridisation of turboprop engine with high-power-density integrated electric drives (2022)
Journal Article
Cossart, G., Chen, Y., Yang, T., Khowja, M., La Rocca, A., Nasir, U., …Wheeler, P. (2022). Mild hybridisation of turboprop engine with high-power-density integrated electric drives. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 8(4), 4148-4162. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3160153

This paper shares with the aerospace community a case study of turboprop mild hybridisation using a recently developed integrated drive system in the University of Nottingham, UK, within the ACHIEVE project under EU H2020 CleanSky 2 program (project... Read More about Mild hybridisation of turboprop engine with high-power-density integrated electric drives.

Practical Implementation and Associated Challenges of Integrated Torque Limiter (2022)
Journal Article
Ilkhani, M. R., Syed, S. A., Connor, P. H., Vakil, G., Gerada, C., Rashed, M., & Benarous, M. (2022). Practical Implementation and Associated Challenges of Integrated Torque Limiter. SAE Technical Papers, Article 2022-01-0038. https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0038

Evolving of aircraft design towards further electrification requires safe and fault-free operation of all the components. More electric aircraft are increasingly utilizing electro-mechanical actuators (EMA). EMAs are prone to jamming and subsequent f... Read More about Practical Implementation and Associated Challenges of Integrated Torque Limiter.

Impact of Stator Segmentation on the Performance of Aerospace Propulsion Machines (2022)
Journal Article
Ramanathan Mathavan Jeyabalan, R. K., Vakil, G., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Minshull, J. (2022). Impact of Stator Segmentation on the Performance of Aerospace Propulsion Machines. SAE Technical Papers, 4(4), 1048-1056. https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0039

Electric machines offering a high power density are required for aerospace applications. Soft magnetic material with a high saturation flux density is one of the key component which is required to realize these power density targets. The need for a h... Read More about Impact of Stator Segmentation on the Performance of Aerospace Propulsion Machines.

Design Optimization of Modular Permanent Magnet Machine with Triple Three-Phase for Aircraft Starter Generator (2022)
Journal Article
Wang, B., Rocca, A., Vakil, G., Yang, T., & Gerada, C. (2022). Design Optimization of Modular Permanent Magnet Machine with Triple Three-Phase for Aircraft Starter Generator. SAE Technical Papers, https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0055

Permanent magnet (PM) electrical machine has far-reaching impacts in aviation electrification due to the continuous development in high power density and high efficiency electrical drives. The primary barrier to acceptance of permanent magnet machine... Read More about Design Optimization of Modular Permanent Magnet Machine with Triple Three-Phase for Aircraft Starter Generator.

Profiling the Eddy Current Losses Variations of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Machines in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2022)
Journal Article
Huang, Z., Tang, M., Golovanov, D., Yang, T., Herring, S., Zanchetta, P., & Gerada, C. (2022). Profiling the Eddy Current Losses Variations of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Machines in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3152845

High-speed permanent magnet (PM) machines have been recognized as a popular choice for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Although high-speed operation can enhance the machine power density, more rotor eddy current losses can be expected. Thos... Read More about Profiling the Eddy Current Losses Variations of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Machines in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.

Synchronous Reluctance Machines: A Comprehensive Review and Technology Comparison (2022)
Journal Article
Murataliyev, M., Degano, M., Nardo, M. D., Bianchi, N., & Gerada, C. (2022). Synchronous Reluctance Machines: A Comprehensive Review and Technology Comparison. Proceedings of the IEEE, 110(3), 382-399. https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2022.3145662

In the last decade, the trend toward higher efficiency and higher torque density electrical machines (EMs) without permanent magnets (PMs) for the industrial sector has rapidly increased. This work discusses the latest research and industrial advance... Read More about Synchronous Reluctance Machines: A Comprehensive Review and Technology Comparison.

A Comprehensive Design Guideline of Hairpin Windings for High Power Density Electric Vehicle Traction Motors (2022)
Journal Article
Zou, T., Gerada, D., La Rocca, A., Moslemin, M., Cairns, A., Cui, M., …Gerada, C. (2022). A Comprehensive Design Guideline of Hairpin Windings for High Power Density Electric Vehicle Traction Motors. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 8(3), 3578-3593. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3149786

The rapidly increasing demand on power density levels of electric vehicle (EV) drive systems is pushing the boundaries of traction motor performance. Hairpin windings are becoming a popular option for EV motors due to their reduced DC losses and impr... Read More about A Comprehensive Design Guideline of Hairpin Windings for High Power Density Electric Vehicle Traction Motors.

Torque Limiters for Aerospace Actuator Application (2022)
Journal Article
Shahjahan Ahmad, S., Tom, L., La Rocca, A., La Rocca, S., Vakil, G., Gerada, C., & Benarous, M. (2022). Torque Limiters for Aerospace Actuator Application. Energies, 15(4), Article 1467. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15041467

Safety and reliability of electrical actuators are essential for success of all electric and more electric aircrafts (MEA). Torque limiters improve the reliability of electromechanical actuators (EMA) by restricting the amount of force experienced by... Read More about Torque Limiters for Aerospace Actuator Application.

Rotor Slot Design of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors with Improved Rated Efficiency and Starting Capability (2022)
Journal Article
Di Nardo, M., Marfoli, A., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2022). Rotor Slot Design of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors with Improved Rated Efficiency and Starting Capability. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 58(3), 3383-3393. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2022.3147156

Among the electro-mechanical devices transforming energy from electrical to mechanical, the squirrel cage induction motor can be surely considered a workhorse of the industry due to its robustness, low cost and good performance when directly fed by t... Read More about Rotor Slot Design of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors with Improved Rated Efficiency and Starting Capability.

Performance Entitlement by Using Novel High Strength Electrical Steels and Copper Alloys for High-Speed Laminated Rotor Induction Machines (2022)
Journal Article
Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., He, Y., Zhang, H., Hua, W., & Gerada, C. (2022). Performance Entitlement by Using Novel High Strength Electrical Steels and Copper Alloys for High-Speed Laminated Rotor Induction Machines. Electronics, 11(2), 210. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11020210

The laminated rotor Induction Machine (IM), with its simple construction and manufacturing, robustness, ease of control and comparatively lower cost remains by far the most utilized electromechanical energy converter. At very high speeds, traditional... Read More about Performance Entitlement by Using Novel High Strength Electrical Steels and Copper Alloys for High-Speed Laminated Rotor Induction Machines.

Review on the Traditional and Integrated Passives: State-of-the-Art Design and Technologies (2021)
Journal Article
Khowja, M. R., Abebe, R., Vakil, G., Walker, A., Patel, C., Gerada, C., …Cascella, G. L. (2021). Review on the Traditional and Integrated Passives: State-of-the-Art Design and Technologies. Energies, 15(1), Article 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010088

With the increased necessity of a high power density and efficient system in aerospace and marine industries, integrated motor drives provide an excellent solution in the modern era. Therefore, a close structural and functional integration of passive... Read More about Review on the Traditional and Integrated Passives: State-of-the-Art Design and Technologies.

Carbon Emission Analysis of Electrical Machines (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Zhang, X., Xu, Z., Gerada, C., & Gerada, D. (2021). Carbon Emission Analysis of Electrical Machines. In 2021 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) (1678-1683). https://doi.org/10.23919/ICEMS52562.2021.9634279

The industry places increased importance on carbon reduction. Many are focused on lowering the fuel consumption of electrical machines, however, carbon emissions from the acquisition of raw materials and the energy consumption of manufacturing proces... Read More about Carbon Emission Analysis of Electrical Machines.

Influence of the Magnetic Load on High Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Gallicchio, G., Palmieri, M., Cupertino, F., Di Nardo, M., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2021). Influence of the Magnetic Load on High Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design. In IECON 2021 – 47th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON48115.2021.9589972

Synchronous reluctance machines are becoming a widespread solution in many engineering areas thanks to their simple rotor structure, the absence of rare-earth permanent magnets and high efficiency. The design of such machines is a widely investigated... Read More about Influence of the Magnetic Load on High Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design.

Modelling, Analysis and Design Considerations of Multi-Phase Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Marfoli, A., Nardo, M. D., Garvey, S., Degano, M., Vashisht, R., Turnbull, R., & Gerada, C. (2021). Modelling, Analysis and Design Considerations of Multi-Phase Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine. In 2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) (4646-4653). https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE47101.2021.9595524

This paper presents a general multi-harmonics analytical model able to predict both torque and force behaviour of a multi-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine. This machine topology can be adopted in bearingless applications and in application... Read More about Modelling, Analysis and Design Considerations of Multi-Phase Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine.

Neural Network aided PMSM multi-objective design and optimization for more-electric aircraft applications (2021)
Journal Article
Gao, Y., Yang, T., Bozhko, S., Wheeler, P., Dragicevic, T., & Gerada, C. (2022). Neural Network aided PMSM multi-objective design and optimization for more-electric aircraft applications. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 35(10), 233-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2021.08.006

This study uses the Neural Network (NN) technique to optimize design of surface-mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) for More-Electric Aircraft (MEA) applications. The key role of NN is to provide dedicated correction factors for the a... Read More about Neural Network aided PMSM multi-objective design and optimization for more-electric aircraft applications.

Femtocore: An Application Specific Processor for Vertically Integrated High Performance Real-Time Controls (2021)
Journal Article
Savi, F., Harikumaran, J., Barater, D., Buticchi, G., Gerada, C., & Wheeler, P. (2021). Femtocore: An Application Specific Processor for Vertically Integrated High Performance Real-Time Controls. IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society, 2, 479-488. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2021.3112124

In applications that require a high availability and high performance (for example aerospace),modular power electronics and multi-phase machines represent an advantageous choice. In this framework, a control system able to handle a high number of PWM... Read More about Femtocore: An Application Specific Processor for Vertically Integrated High Performance Real-Time Controls.

High-Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Materials Selection and Performance Boundaries (2021)
Journal Article
Di Nardo, M., Gallicchio, G., Palmieri, M., Marfoli, A., Lo Calzo, G., Degano, M., …Cupertino, F. (2022). High-Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Materials Selection and Performance Boundaries. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 8(1), 1228-1241. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2021.3109452

This article presents a comprehensive comparative design exercise of synchronous reluctance (SyR) machines considering different soft magnetic materials and a wide range of speeds. First, a general design methodology able to consider all the conseque... Read More about High-Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Materials Selection and Performance Boundaries.

Improved Thermal Modeling and Experimental Validation of Oil-Flooded High-Performance Machines with Slot-Channel Cooling (2021)
Journal Article
Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, H., Gerada, C., …Degano, M. (2022). Improved Thermal Modeling and Experimental Validation of Oil-Flooded High-Performance Machines with Slot-Channel Cooling. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 8(1), 312-324. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2021.3106819

Thermal management is often considered a bottleneck in the pursuit of the next-generation electrical machines for electrified transportation with a step change in power density. Slot-channel cooling is considered to be an effective cooling technique,... Read More about Improved Thermal Modeling and Experimental Validation of Oil-Flooded High-Performance Machines with Slot-Channel Cooling.

How non-conventional machining affects the surface integrity and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel (2021)
Journal Article
Winter, K., Liao, Z., Ramanathan, R., Axinte, D., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2021). How non-conventional machining affects the surface integrity and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel. Materials and Design, 210, Article 110051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110051

Non-oriented electrical steel (NOES) laminations are commonly used to manufacture the rotor and stator core of electric machines. To achieve high machine efficiencies, it is desirable for these NOES laminations to be able to achieve a high saturation... Read More about How non-conventional machining affects the surface integrity and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel.

Integrated motor drive: Mass and volume optimization of the motor with an integrated filter inductor (2021)
Journal Article
Khowja, M. R., Vakil, G., Gerada, C., Patel, C., Odhano, S., & Wheeler, P. (2021). Integrated motor drive: Mass and volume optimization of the motor with an integrated filter inductor. Energies, 14(15), Article 4564. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14154564

The present trend of aerospace industries is being shifted towards a “More Electric Aircraft” system which needs to be high power dense. For this purpose, the integration technologies have gained massive interest, providing the benefits of reduced lo... Read More about Integrated motor drive: Mass and volume optimization of the motor with an integrated filter inductor.

A Novel Flux Barrier Parametrization for Synchronous Reluctance Machines (2021)
Journal Article
Korman, O., Di Nardo, M., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2021). A Novel Flux Barrier Parametrization for Synchronous Reluctance Machines. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 37(1), 675-684. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2021.3099628

This paper presents a novel parametrization for the flux barrier profiles of synchronous reluctance and permanent magnet assisted reluctance machines. In literature there are several methods used to design rotor flux barriers of various types, howeve... Read More about A Novel Flux Barrier Parametrization for Synchronous Reluctance Machines.

Modular Power Sharing Control for Bearingless Multi-Three Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (2021)
Journal Article
Wen, Z., Di Nardo, M., Sala, G., Valente, G., Marfoli, A., Degano, M., …Gerada, C. (2022). Modular Power Sharing Control for Bearingless Multi-Three Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 69(7), 6600-6610. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2021.3097610

This paper proposes a modular approach to the power sharing control of permanent magnet synchronous bearingless machine. The selected machine topology features a winding layout with phases distributed into non-overlapping three phase groups, a soluti... Read More about Modular Power Sharing Control for Bearingless Multi-Three Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine.

Analytical Methodology for Modelling of Circulating Current Loss in Synchronous Electrical Machines with Permanent Magnets (2021)
Journal Article
Golovanov, D., & Gerada, C. (2022). Analytical Methodology for Modelling of Circulating Current Loss in Synchronous Electrical Machines with Permanent Magnets. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 37(1), 220-231. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2021.3091811

This paper describes a novel analytical methodology for modelling winding copper losses as a result of circulating currents (CC) in permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM). Nowadays mainly FEM method is used for precise calculation of circulatin... Read More about Analytical Methodology for Modelling of Circulating Current Loss in Synchronous Electrical Machines with Permanent Magnets.

Optimised Current Loop Design for a High Speed Nine-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine in More Electric Aircraft: A Case Study (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Tang, M., Lang, X., Gerada, C., Huang, Z., Velmurugan, G., Zanchetta, P., …Yang, T. (2021). Optimised Current Loop Design for a High Speed Nine-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine in More Electric Aircraft: A Case Study. In 2021 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) (670-676). https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC51675.2021.9490130

High speed multi-phase machine has drawn widely attention towards the development of electrification due to its high power density and fault tolerant capability. A 50 kW high speed nine-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine has been designed for... Read More about Optimised Current Loop Design for a High Speed Nine-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine in More Electric Aircraft: A Case Study.

High Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Modeling, Design and Limits (2021)
Journal Article
Gallicchio, G., Di Nardo, M., Palmieri, M., Marfoli, A., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Cupertino, F. (2022). High Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Modeling, Design and Limits. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 37(1), 585-597. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2021.3086879

An important barrier to the adoption and acceptance of synchronous reluctance (SyR) machines in different applications lies in their non-standardized design procedure. The conflicting requirements incurring at high speeds among electromagnetic torque... Read More about High Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Modeling, Design and Limits.

Electrical Machine Slot Thermal Condition Effects on Back Iron Extension Thermal Benefits (2021)
Journal Article
Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., Tighe, C., Zhang, H., Yan, L., & Gerada, C. (2021). Electrical Machine Slot Thermal Condition Effects on Back Iron Extension Thermal Benefits. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 7(4), 2927-2938. https://doi.org/10.1109/tte.2021.3085822

The slot thermal condition is critical for thermal management of high-performance electrical machines, due to the high heat losses and poor heat transfer ability within the slot. With a part of the back iron projected radially downward into the slot,... Read More about Electrical Machine Slot Thermal Condition Effects on Back Iron Extension Thermal Benefits.

Optimised Design of Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines for Household Appliances (2021)
Journal Article
Degano, M., Murataliyev, M., Shuo, W., Barater, D., Buticchi, G., Jara, W., …Gerada, C. (2021). Optimised Design of Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines for Household Appliances. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 36(4), 3084-3095. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2021.3076675

This paper is focused on the design, optimisation and control of a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine (PMaSynRel) for low cost high efficiency household appliances, in particular a motor for washing machine. The design and optim... Read More about Optimised Design of Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines for Household Appliances.

Squirrel Cage Induction Motor: A Design-Based Comparison Between Aluminium and Copper Cages (2021)
Journal Article
Marfoli, A., DiNardo, M., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Jara, W. (2021). Squirrel Cage Induction Motor: A Design-Based Comparison Between Aluminium and Copper Cages. IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications, 2, 110-120. https://doi.org/10.1109/ojia.2021.3073820

Improved Propulsion Motor Design for a Twelve Passenger All-Electric Aircraft (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Hebala, A., Nuzzo, S., Connor, P. H., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2021). Improved Propulsion Motor Design for a Twelve Passenger All-Electric Aircraft. In 2021 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (343-348). https://doi.org/10.1109/wemdcd51469.2021.9425667

This paper investigates the design of a 12-seater aircraft electric propulsion motor (ProMo). The design procedures aim to improve the performance of a previously designed motor, while adding further restrictions to the electrical and thermal boundar... Read More about Improved Propulsion Motor Design for a Twelve Passenger All-Electric Aircraft.

Permanent Magnet Reduction by Current Harmonics Injection for Surface Permanent Magnet Machines (2021)
Conference Proceeding
De Gaetano, D., Sala, G., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2021). Permanent Magnet Reduction by Current Harmonics Injection for Surface Permanent Magnet Machines. In 2021 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (137-142). https://doi.org/10.1109/wemdcd51469.2021.9425662

This paper presents the analysis of multi-harmonic current injection in multi-three phase surface permanent magnet (SPM) machines. An analytical model, extended to a generic harmonic order, is used to describe and determine the no load flux density,... Read More about Permanent Magnet Reduction by Current Harmonics Injection for Surface Permanent Magnet Machines.

Torque Ripple Suppression for IPMSM using FEA- based Model Predictive Direct Torque Control (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Nasr, A., Gu, C., Zhao, W., Bozhko, S., & Gerada, C. (2021). Torque Ripple Suppression for IPMSM using FEA- based Model Predictive Direct Torque Control. In 2021 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (204-209). https://doi.org/10.1109/wemdcd51469.2021.9425636

The interest in model predictive direct torque control (MP-DTC) for high-performance dynamic control of electric drives has been growing. Unlike the conventional direct torque control (DTC), MP-DTC can achieve optimal voltage selection by predicting... Read More about Torque Ripple Suppression for IPMSM using FEA- based Model Predictive Direct Torque Control.

4-MW Class High-Power-Density Generator for Future Hybrid-Electric Aircraft (2021)
Journal Article
Golovanov, D., Gerada, D., Sala, G., Degano, M., Trentin, A., Connor, P. H., …Gerada, C. (2021). 4-MW Class High-Power-Density Generator for Future Hybrid-Electric Aircraft. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 7(4), 2952-2964. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2021.3068928

This article describes the underpinning research, development, construction, and testing of a 4-MW multithree phase generator designed for a hybrid-electric aircraft propulsion system demonstrator. The aim of the work is to demonstrate gravimetric po... Read More about 4-MW Class High-Power-Density Generator for Future Hybrid-Electric Aircraft.

A Thermal Modelling Approach and Experimental Validation for an Oil Spray-Cooled Hairpin Winding Machine (2021)
Journal Article
Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., Liu, C., Zhang, H., Zou, T., …Gerada, C. (2021). A Thermal Modelling Approach and Experimental Validation for an Oil Spray-Cooled Hairpin Winding Machine. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 7(4), 2914 - 2926. https://doi.org/10.1109/tte.2021.3067601

Enhanced Active Disturbance Rejection Current Controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Operated at Low Sampling Time Ratio (2021)
Journal Article
Diab, A. M., Yeoh, S. S., Bozhko, S., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2021). Enhanced Active Disturbance Rejection Current Controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Operated at Low Sampling Time Ratio. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics, https://doi.org/10.1109/jestie.2021.3063919

Recently, Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) Scheme has been widely used for current regulation in AC drive systems owing to its robustness to system uncertainties and its high disturbance-rejection capability. However, it has not been consi... Read More about Enhanced Active Disturbance Rejection Current Controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Operated at Low Sampling Time Ratio.

Fast and Simple Tuning Rules of Synchronous Reference Frame Proportional-Integral Current Controller (2021)
Journal Article
Diab, A. M., Bozhko, S., Guo, F., Rashed, M., Buticchi, G., Xu, Z., …Galea, M. (2021). Fast and Simple Tuning Rules of Synchronous Reference Frame Proportional-Integral Current Controller. IEEE Access, 9, 22156-22170. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3054845

Synchronous reference frame proportional-integral (PI) current controller (CC) is considered the most well-established solution for the current regulation in electrical drives. However, the gain selection of the PI CC is still regarded to be poorly r... Read More about Fast and Simple Tuning Rules of Synchronous Reference Frame Proportional-Integral Current Controller.

Improving the Saliency of a High Speed SynRel Rotor by using High Strength Martensitic Sleeve (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Ram Kumar, R. M., Vakil, G., La Rocca, A., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Fernandes, B. G. (2021). Improving the Saliency of a High Speed SynRel Rotor by using High Strength Martensitic Sleeve. In 2021 International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future Electric Transportation (SEFET). https://doi.org/10.1109/sefet48154.2021.9375705

High strength magnetic steel laminations are the invariable choice to achieve the power density demands of high speed electric machines required in the automotive industry. However, the cost competitive automobile market, favours the use of conventio... Read More about Improving the Saliency of a High Speed SynRel Rotor by using High Strength Martensitic Sleeve.

Lifetime Estimation of Enameled Wires Under Accelerated Thermal Aging Using Curve Fitting Methods (2021)
Journal Article
Khowja, M. R., Turabee, G., Giangrande, P., Madonna, V., Cosma, G., Vakil, G., …Galea, M. (2021). Lifetime Estimation of Enameled Wires Under Accelerated Thermal Aging Using Curve Fitting Methods. IEEE Access, 9, 18993-19003. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3052058

Estimating the lifetime of enameled wires using the conventional/standard test method requires a significant amount of time that can endure up to thousands of testing hours, which could considerably delay the time-to-market of a new product. This pap... Read More about Lifetime Estimation of Enameled Wires Under Accelerated Thermal Aging Using Curve Fitting Methods.

Active Thermal Control for Modular Power Converters in Multi-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System (2021)
Journal Article
Yan, H., Zhao, W., Buticchi, G., & Gerada, C. (2021). Active Thermal Control for Modular Power Converters in Multi-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System. IEEE Access, 9, 7054-7063. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049293

Modular winding structure has been employed in the Permanent Magnet SynchronousMotors (PMSMs) to increase the reliability and reduce the torque ripple. Nevertheless, the reliability ofthe motor system depends on the lifetime of the power semiconducto... Read More about Active Thermal Control for Modular Power Converters in Multi-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System.

Optimization and Analysis of a High Power Density and Fault Tolerant Starter–Generator for Aircraft Application (2020)
Journal Article
Wang, B., Vakil, G., Liu, Y., Yang, T., Zhang, Z., & Gerada, C. (2021). Optimization and Analysis of a High Power Density and Fault Tolerant Starter–Generator for Aircraft Application. Energies, 14(1), Article 113. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14010113

Permanent magnet synchronous machines provide many dramatic electromagnetic performances such as high efficiency and high power density, which make them more competitive in aircraft electrification, whereas, designing a permanent magnet starter–gener... Read More about Optimization and Analysis of a High Power Density and Fault Tolerant Starter–Generator for Aircraft Application.

Electrical Machines for the More Electric Aircraft: Partial Discharges Investigation (2020)
Journal Article
Madonna, V., Giangrande, P., Zhao, W., Zhang, H., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2021). Electrical Machines for the More Electric Aircraft: Partial Discharges Investigation. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 57(2), 1389-1398. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2020.3046434

Modern electrical machines employed in transportation applications are required to provide high performance in terms of power (and torque) density. At the same time, being these applications safety-critical, a significant level of reliability and/or... Read More about Electrical Machines for the More Electric Aircraft: Partial Discharges Investigation.

Design Methodology and Parametric Design Study of the On-Board Electrical Power System for Hybrid Electric Aircraft Propulsion (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Valente, G., Sumsurooah, S., Ian Hill, C., Rashed, M., Vakil, G., Bozhko, S., & Gerada, C. (2020). Design Methodology and Parametric Design Study of the On-Board Electrical Power System for Hybrid Electric Aircraft Propulsion.

This paper presents parametric design studies of the on-board Electrical Power System (EPS) for a distributed hybrid aircraft propulsion. The work presents the methodology that has been adopted to develop the physics-based models of the EPS component... Read More about Design Methodology and Parametric Design Study of the On-Board Electrical Power System for Hybrid Electric Aircraft Propulsion.

Research and Realization of High-Power Medium-Voltage Active Rectifier Concepts for Future Hybrid-Electric Aircraft Generation (2020)
Journal Article
Trentin, A., Sala, G., Tarisciotti, L., Galassini, A., Degano, M., Connor, P. H., …Gerada, C. (2021). Research and Realization of High-Power Medium-Voltage Active Rectifier Concepts for Future Hybrid-Electric Aircraft Generation. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 68(12), 11684-11695. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2020.3040692

In this article, we describe the research and development of a 3 kV active rectifier for a 4 MW aerospace generator drive system demonstrator. The converter is fed by a multiphase high-speed/high-frequency permanent magnet generator. The main aim of... Read More about Research and Realization of High-Power Medium-Voltage Active Rectifier Concepts for Future Hybrid-Electric Aircraft Generation.

Homothetic Design in Synchronous Reluctance Machines and Effects on Torque Ripple (2020)
Journal Article
Murataliyev, M., Degano, M., Di Nardo, M., Bianchi, N., Tessarolo, A., Jara, W., …Gerada, C. (2021). Homothetic Design in Synchronous Reluctance Machines and Effects on Torque Ripple. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 36(3), 2195-2205. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2020.3042441

This paper presents a novel design concept for Synchronous Reluctance (SynRel) machines aimed at reducing the torque ripple. Two general sizing approaches based on the homothetic scaling principle are defined and compared. An in depth analysis on the... Read More about Homothetic Design in Synchronous Reluctance Machines and Effects on Torque Ripple.

A PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor with Two Slot-Pitch Winding (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Zhu, S., Cox, T., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2020). A PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor with Two Slot-Pitch Winding. . https://doi.org/10.23919/icems50442.2020.9291090

This paper presents a novel electric motor solution to tackle the increasing demand on the traction motor for electric vehicles. The proposed electric motor has a 24 slots 10 poles fractional slot two-slot pitch winding and a PM-assisted synchronous... Read More about A PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor with Two Slot-Pitch Winding.

Experimental Statistical Method Predicting AC Losses on Random Windings and PWM Effect Evaluation (2020)
Journal Article
Preci, E., Valente, G., Galassini, A., Yuan, X., Degano, M., Gerada, D., …Gerada, C. (2021). Experimental Statistical Method Predicting AC Losses on Random Windings and PWM Effect Evaluation. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 36(3), 2287-2296. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2020.3040265

Nowadays, one of the challenges in transport electrification is the reduction of the components' size and weight in order to improve the power density. This is often achieved by designing electrical machines with higher rotational speeds and excitati... Read More about Experimental Statistical Method Predicting AC Losses on Random Windings and PWM Effect Evaluation.

Comparison of slotted and slotless PM machines for high kW/kg aerospace applications (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Dave, N., Vakil, G., Xu, Z., Gerada, C., Zhang, H., & Gerada, D. (2020). Comparison of slotted and slotless PM machines for high kW/kg aerospace applications. . https://doi.org/10.23919/icems50442.2020.9291221

With the ambitious targeted emissions reduction, the aircraft industry is moving towards drastically different aircraft architectures including hybrid-electric. These in turn require electrical machines with a step change improvement in power-density... Read More about Comparison of slotted and slotless PM machines for high kW/kg aerospace applications.

PM Halbach Arrays in Motors: Loss Reduction and Performance Improvements (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Hebala, A., Nuzzo, S., Connor, P. H., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2020). PM Halbach Arrays in Motors: Loss Reduction and Performance Improvements. . https://doi.org/10.23919/ICEMS50442.2020.9291234

© 2020 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Halbach array configurations represent a common choice in high-performance electrical machines, since a stronger magnetic field is generated for the same Permanent Magnet (PM) volume. Hence, high... Read More about PM Halbach Arrays in Motors: Loss Reduction and Performance Improvements.

AC loss Analysis in Winding of Electrical Machines with varying Strands-in-hand and Bundle Shapes (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Bardalai, A., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2020). AC loss Analysis in Winding of Electrical Machines with varying Strands-in-hand and Bundle Shapes. In 2020 23rd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) (845-850). https://doi.org/10.23919/icems50442.2020.9290897

This paper presents an investigation into the sensitivity of high-frequency AC effects on the winding with varying number of parallel strands. Based on numerical analysis, a methodology to segregate the losses into components is presented. It is show... Read More about AC loss Analysis in Winding of Electrical Machines with varying Strands-in-hand and Bundle Shapes.

Influence of Rotor Design on Electromagnetic Performance in Interior Permanent Magnet Machines (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Transi, T., Murataliyev, M., Degano, M., Preci, E., Gerada, D., & Gerada, C. (2020). Influence of Rotor Design on Electromagnetic Performance in Interior Permanent Magnet Machines. . https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9255237

Nowadays, Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (IPMSM) are widely adopted in various sectors such as automotive, railway or public transportation (e- buses, trams, etc.). Among the benefits that these machines present, they offer a number o... Read More about Influence of Rotor Design on Electromagnetic Performance in Interior Permanent Magnet Machines.

Multiphase fault tolerant distributed control techniques for integrated drives based on resonant regulators (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Savi, F., Barater, D., Buticchi, G., Wheeler, P., & Gerada, C. (2020). Multiphase fault tolerant distributed control techniques for integrated drives based on resonant regulators. . https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254985

One of the challenges brought forward by the gradual electrification undertaken by the aviation sector is the requirement of fault tolerance for machine drive systems to be used for critical on-board tasks such as propulsion or primary flight surface... Read More about Multiphase fault tolerant distributed control techniques for integrated drives based on resonant regulators.

Influence of Optimisation Target Functions on Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Korman, O., Nardo, M. D., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2020). Influence of Optimisation Target Functions on Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design. . https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254529

Synchronous reluctance machines (SynRel) are becoming very attractive for different applications because of their reluctance nature, easy manufacturability and low cost. Their design still represents a challange because of the many degrees of freedom... Read More about Influence of Optimisation Target Functions on Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design.

Rectangular and Random Conductors: AC Losses Evaluations and Manufacturing Considerations (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Preci, E., Valente, G., Bardalai, A., Transi, T., Zou, T., Gerada, D., …Gerada, C. (2020). Rectangular and Random Conductors: AC Losses Evaluations and Manufacturing Considerations. . https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254278

This paper presents a comparison between hairpin and random distributed winding in electrical machines for automotive applications. Indeed, the overall performance of an electrical drive system is seriously affected by its winding design. The conside... Read More about Rectangular and Random Conductors: AC Losses Evaluations and Manufacturing Considerations.

Analysis of a Five-Phase PM Vernier Machine Topology with Two-Slot Pitch Winding (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Zhu, S., Cox, T., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2020). Analysis of a Five-Phase PM Vernier Machine Topology with Two-Slot Pitch Winding. . https://doi.org/10.1109/ecce44975.2020.9235833

This paper presents a five-phase permanent magnet (PM) vernier machine topology equipped with a two-slot pitch winding. The two-slot pitch winding provides a trade-off between fractional slots concentrated winding (FSCW) and integrated slot distribut... Read More about Analysis of a Five-Phase PM Vernier Machine Topology with Two-Slot Pitch Winding.

Influence of Airgap Length on Performance of High Power PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machines (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Zou, T., Gerada, D., Walker, A., Vakil, G., La Rocca, S., La Rocca, A., …Gerada, C. (2020). Influence of Airgap Length on Performance of High Power PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machines. In 2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) (1357-1363). https://doi.org/10.1109/ecce44975.2020.9235712

In recent years, synchronous reluctance (Syn-Rel) machines are research hotspots in variable speed motor drives due to their robust rotor structure and wide constant power speed range (CPSR). More practically, when kVA limitation is considered, embed... Read More about Influence of Airgap Length on Performance of High Power PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machines.

Highly Ordered BN⊥–BN⊥ Stacking Structure for Improved Thermally Conductive Polymer Composites (2020)
Journal Article
Ghosh, B., Xu, F., Grant, D. M., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., George, M. W., & Hou, X. (2020). Highly Ordered BN⊥–BN⊥ Stacking Structure for Improved Thermally Conductive Polymer Composites. Advanced Electronic Materials, 6(11), Article 2000627. https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202000627

The substantial heat generation in modern electronic devices is one of the major issues requiring efficient thermal management. This work demonstrates a novel concept for the design of thermally conducting networks inside a polymer matrix for the dev... Read More about Highly Ordered BN⊥–BN⊥ Stacking Structure for Improved Thermally Conductive Polymer Composites.

SISO Control Strategy of Resonant Dual Active Bridge with a Tuned CLC Network (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Wang, M., Yang, B., Xu, L., Li, J., Gerada, D., Gu, C., …Li, Y. (2020). SISO Control Strategy of Resonant Dual Active Bridge with a Tuned CLC Network. In 2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE Europe). https://doi.org/10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215606

This paper proposed a linear state-space model for a resonant dual active bridge with a tuned capacitor-inductor-capacitor network which is applied to an energy storage system. The proposed model is used for predicting the behavior of the proposed sy... Read More about SISO Control Strategy of Resonant Dual Active Bridge with a Tuned CLC Network.

Power-Sharing Control in Bearingless Multi-Sector and Multi-Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines (2020)
Journal Article
Sala, G., Valente, G., Nardo, M. D., Degano, M., Zanchetta, P., & Gerada, C. (2021). Power-Sharing Control in Bearingless Multi-Sector and Multi-Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 68(10), 9070-9080. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3026273

This paper deals with the power-sharing control of bearingless multi-sector and multi-three-phase permanent magnet machines. The proposed control strategy allows to distribute the power flows among the three-phase inverters supplying the machine duri... Read More about Power-Sharing Control in Bearingless Multi-Sector and Multi-Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines.

Improved V?shaped interior permanent magnet rotor topology with inward?extended bridges for reduced torque ripple (2020)
Journal Article
Gao, P., Sun, X., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Wang, X. (2020). Improved V?shaped interior permanent magnet rotor topology with inward?extended bridges for reduced torque ripple. IET Electric Power Applications, 14(12), 2404-2411. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2019.0850

Interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs) with V-shaped permanent magnet (PM) rotors are widely used as traction motors in electric vehicles because of their high torque density and high efficiency. However, the V-shape IPMSMs have the... Read More about Improved V?shaped interior permanent magnet rotor topology with inward?extended bridges for reduced torque ripple.

Rotor Position Tracking Control for Low Speed Operation of Direct-Drive PMSM Servo System (2020)
Journal Article
Bu, F., Xuan, F., Yang, Z., Gao, Y., Pan, Z., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2021). Rotor Position Tracking Control for Low Speed Operation of Direct-Drive PMSM Servo System. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 26(2), 1129-1139. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmech.2020.3019039

In this paper, a rotor position tracking control (RPTC) strategy is proposed to effectively reduce the speed fluctuation for a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor (DD-PMSM) servo system operating at low speed with different torque disturb... Read More about Rotor Position Tracking Control for Low Speed Operation of Direct-Drive PMSM Servo System.

An Analytical Approach for the Design of Innovative Hairpin Winding Layouts (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Arzillo, A., Nuzzo, S., Braglia, P., Franceschini, G., Barater, D., Gerada, D., & Gerada, C. (2020). An Analytical Approach for the Design of Innovative Hairpin Winding Layouts. . https://doi.org/10.1109/icem49940.2020.9270927

This work deals with an analytical approach aimed at accurately predicting Joule losses in innovative hairpin winding layouts. While hairpin windings are seeing an everincreasing use in automotive and aerospace applications due to their inherently hi... Read More about An Analytical Approach for the Design of Innovative Hairpin Winding Layouts.

Multi-Sector Windings For Bearing Relief E-Machine: Saturation and Cross Coupling Effects (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Mahmoud, H., Valente, G., Degano, M., Nardo, M. D., Gerada, C., & James, B. (2020). Multi-Sector Windings For Bearing Relief E-Machine: Saturation and Cross Coupling Effects. . https://doi.org/10.1109/icem49940.2020.9270761

The key driving elements for any electrical machine (EM) used in aerospace and other safety critical applications are the reliability, mass, volume, and efficiency. To reduce mass/volume while satisfying the power required, the option is to increase... Read More about Multi-Sector Windings For Bearing Relief E-Machine: Saturation and Cross Coupling Effects.

Optimized Magnet wire size and Slot winding height for minimum AC losses in a Traction Machine (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Bardalai, A., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2020). Optimized Magnet wire size and Slot winding height for minimum AC losses in a Traction Machine. In 2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (266-271). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEM49940.2020.9270762

The demand for high performance electrical machines that combine high power density (kW/kg or kW/L), light – weighting and high efficiency have become more and more important in recent years. In these machines, mitigation of the parasitic losses asso... Read More about Optimized Magnet wire size and Slot winding height for minimum AC losses in a Traction Machine.

Rotor Design Optimization of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor - Part I: Problem Statement (2020)
Journal Article
Marfoli, A., Di Nardo, M., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Chen, W. (2021). Rotor Design Optimization of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor - Part I: Problem Statement. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 36(2), 1271-1279. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2020.3019934

Squirrel cage induction motor is the most widely adopted electrical machine in applications directly fed by the main grid. The analysis, design and optimization of this machine topology has been addressed by a considerable amount of literature over t... Read More about Rotor Design Optimization of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor - Part I: Problem Statement.

Advantages of a Double Three-Phase Winding Layout for a Dual Rotor E-Bike Motor Considering Third Current Harmonic Injection Technique (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Gaetano, D. D., Golovanov, D., Sala, G., Galassini, A., Degano, M., Mahmoud, H., & Gerada, C. (2020). Advantages of a Double Three-Phase Winding Layout for a Dual Rotor E-Bike Motor Considering Third Current Harmonic Injection Technique. In 2020 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC) (1159-1164). https://doi.org/10.1109/itec48692.2020.9161620

The transportation electrification process is rapidly demanding for drivers with enhanced performance. Modern systems are moving from fossil fuel technologies toward hybrid and fully electric solutions. Consequently, in automotive and motorcycle sect... Read More about Advantages of a Double Three-Phase Winding Layout for a Dual Rotor E-Bike Motor Considering Third Current Harmonic Injection Technique.

A Homothetic Scaling Criteria for Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design (2020)
Journal Article
Murataliyev, M., Degano, M., Di Nardo, M., Prystupa, D., Shuo, W., Buticchi, G., …Galea, M. (2021). A Homothetic Scaling Criteria for Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 36(1), 547-559. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2020.3011514

This paper proposes a concept for homothetic scaling of Synchronous Reluctance (SynRel) machines with the aim to generate a design for a wide range of power ratings. A generalized modeling approach, based on the saliency ratio, is presented in detail... Read More about A Homothetic Scaling Criteria for Synchronous Reluctance Machines Design.

Predicting Insulation Resistance of Enamelled Wire using Neural Network and Curve Fit Methods Under Thermal Aging (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Turabee, G., Cosma, G., Madonna, V., Giangrande, P., Khowja, M. R., Vakil, G., …Galea, M. (2020). Predicting Insulation Resistance of Enamelled Wire using Neural Network and Curve Fit Methods Under Thermal Aging. In 2020 International Joint Conference onNeural Networks (IJCNN): 2020 conference proceedings (1-7). https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN48605.2020.9207378

© 2020 IEEE. Health monitoring has gained a massive interest in power systems engineering, as it has the advantage to reduce operating costs, improve reliability of power supply and provide a better service to customers. This paper presents surrogate... Read More about Predicting Insulation Resistance of Enamelled Wire using Neural Network and Curve Fit Methods Under Thermal Aging.

Slot Number Thermal Effects on Electrical Machines (2020)
Journal Article
ZHANG, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., Zhang, X., Tighe, C., Zhang, H., …Gerada, C. (2021). Slot Number Thermal Effects on Electrical Machines. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 36(1), 23-35. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2020.3008219

An Analytical-Numerical Approach to Model and Analyse Squirrel Cage Induction Motors (2020)
Journal Article
Marfoli, A., Papini, L., Bolognesi, P., & Gerada, C. (2021). An Analytical-Numerical Approach to Model and Analyse Squirrel Cage Induction Motors. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 36(1), 421-430. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2020.3007385

Nowadays, finite element analysis represents the most accurate tool to analyse electrical machines. However, the time domain resolution of electromagnetic problem, in some cases, requires long simulation time due to the induced nature of the currents... Read More about An Analytical-Numerical Approach to Model and Analyse Squirrel Cage Induction Motors.

Thermal Lifetime Evaluation of Electrical Machines Using Neural Network (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Turabee, G., Khowja, M. R., Madonna, V., Giangrande, P., Vakil, G., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2020). Thermal Lifetime Evaluation of Electrical Machines Using Neural Network. In 2020 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC) (1153-1158). https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC48692.2020.9161662

© 2020 IEEE. This paper proposes a surrogate approach which utilises an supervised neural network to significantly shorten the time required for thermal qualification of electrical machines' insulation. The proposed approach is based on a feedforward... Read More about Thermal Lifetime Evaluation of Electrical Machines Using Neural Network.

Analysis and Modelling of High Frequency Effects on Synchronous Generator’s Armature Conductors (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Quadri, Q. H., Nuzzo, S., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2020). Analysis and Modelling of High Frequency Effects on Synchronous Generator’s Armature Conductors. In 2020 IEEE 29th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE) (253-258). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE45063.2020.9152456

This paper investigates the accuracy of the subdomain modelling technique for high frequency copper loss calculation in stator windings of synchronous generators. The methodology's accuracy is studied at a slot level up to 10 kHz against FE model wit... Read More about Analysis and Modelling of High Frequency Effects on Synchronous Generator’s Armature Conductors.

Challenges and Future opportunities of Hairpin Technologies (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Arzillo, A., Braglia, P., Nuzzo, S., Barater, D., Franceschini, G., Gerada, D., & Gerada, C. (2020). Challenges and Future opportunities of Hairpin Technologies. . https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE45063.2020.9152417

Hairpin windings are seeing an ever-increasing application and development in electrical machines designed for high power and torque densities. In fact, due to their inherently high fill factor, they are very attractive in applications, such as trans... Read More about Challenges and Future opportunities of Hairpin Technologies.

Feasibility Design Study of High-Performance, High-Power-Density Propulsion Motor for Middle-Range Electric Aircraft (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Hebala, A., Nuzzo, S., Volpe, G., Connor, P. H., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2020). Feasibility Design Study of High-Performance, High-Power-Density Propulsion Motor for Middle-Range Electric Aircraft. In 2020 IEEE 29th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE) (300-306). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE45063.2020.9152551

This paper deals with the design of a high power-density, high efficiency and low torque ripple propulsion motor for electric aircraft. The proposed design procedure resulted in a high-performance propulsion motor intended for a direct-drive solution... Read More about Feasibility Design Study of High-Performance, High-Power-Density Propulsion Motor for Middle-Range Electric Aircraft.

A Hybrid Computational Tool to Analyze the Performance of Electric Machines with Reduced Content of Permanent Magnet (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Ram Kumar, R. M., Khowja, M. R., Vakil, G., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., Paciura, K., & Fernandes, B. G. (2020). A Hybrid Computational Tool to Analyze the Performance of Electric Machines with Reduced Content of Permanent Magnet. In 2020 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC) (340-345). https://doi.org/10.1109/itec48692.2020.9161631

Electric vehicles (EVs) are equipped with interior permanent magnet (IPM) or permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance (PM-SynRel) machines because of their superior performance in field weakening region. The effect of saturation is more prono... Read More about A Hybrid Computational Tool to Analyze the Performance of Electric Machines with Reduced Content of Permanent Magnet.

Thermal Design of an Integrated Inductor for 45kW Aerospace Starter-Generator (2020)
Conference Proceeding
Rocca, A. L., Khowja, M. R., Vakil, G., Gerada, C., & Wheeler, P. (2020). Thermal Design of an Integrated Inductor for 45kW Aerospace Starter-Generator

This paper presents a combined electromagnetic and thermal design of integrated inductor, for the application of a 45kW aircraft starter-generator. The inductor is designed at high current density by using the apporach ofarea product, followed by the... Read More about Thermal Design of an Integrated Inductor for 45kW Aerospace Starter-Generator.

Novel Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Integrated Filter Inductor Using Motor's Inherent Magnetics (2020)
Journal Article
Khowja, M. R., Gerada, C., Vakil, G., Patel, C., Odhano, S. A., Walker, A., & Wheeler, P. (2021). Novel Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Integrated Filter Inductor Using Motor's Inherent Magnetics. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 68(7), 5638-5649. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3000110

A close functional and structural integration of passive elements is required to improve the power density of motor drives. Such power-dense motor drives are prerequisites in aerospace and automotive applications. This article presents a permanent ma... Read More about Novel Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Integrated Filter Inductor Using Motor's Inherent Magnetics.

Performance Enhancement of Direct Torque-Controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with a Flexible Switching Table (2020)
Journal Article
Nasr, A., Gu, C., Bozhko, S., & Gerada, C. (2020). Performance Enhancement of Direct Torque-Controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with a Flexible Switching Table. Energies, 13(8), https://doi.org/10.3390/en13081907

In this paper, a flexible switching table (FST) for direct torque control (DTC) of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) was proposed to enhance the steady-state and dynamic performances of the drive system. First, the influence of each convert... Read More about Performance Enhancement of Direct Torque-Controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with a Flexible Switching Table.

Challenges and Opportunities for Wound Field Synchronous Generators in Future More Electric Aircraft (2020)
Journal Article
Wang, Y., Nuzzo, S., Zhang, H., Zhao, W., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2020). Challenges and Opportunities for Wound Field Synchronous Generators in Future More Electric Aircraft. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 6(4), 1466-1477. https://doi.org/10.1109/tte.2020.2980189

Electrical machines and drives keep moving away from traditional technologies such as brushed machines and wound field machines towards lighter, ‘easier to maintain’ machines. A very interesting aspect is that certain transport applications, especial... Read More about Challenges and Opportunities for Wound Field Synchronous Generators in Future More Electric Aircraft.

Analytical Model of Modular Spoke-Type Permanent Magnet Machines for In-Wheel Traction Applications (2020)
Journal Article
Zhang, H., Hua, W., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2020). Analytical Model of Modular Spoke-Type Permanent Magnet Machines for In-Wheel Traction Applications. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 35(3), 1289-1300. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2020.2979886

This paper proposes an analytical model of modular spoke-type permanent magnet (MSTPM) machines based on air-gap field modulation (AFM) theory. Firstly, a fundamental AFM model of open-circuit MSTPM machines is introduced. The open-circuit air-gap fi... Read More about Analytical Model of Modular Spoke-Type Permanent Magnet Machines for In-Wheel Traction Applications.

Thermal Model Approach to Multisector Three-Phase Electrical Machines (2020)
Journal Article
Zhang, H., Giangrande, P., Sala, G., Xu, Z., Hua, W., Madonna, V., …Gerada, C. (2021). Thermal Model Approach to Multisector Three-Phase Electrical Machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 68(4), 2919-2930. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2020.2977559

© 1982-2012 IEEE. Multisector machines reveal a high fault-tolerant capability, since failure events can be isolated by de-energizing the faulty sector, while the healthy ones contribute in delivering the required power. This article is focused on th... Read More about Thermal Model Approach to Multisector Three-Phase Electrical Machines.

The Role of Neural Networks in Predicting the Thermal Life of Electrical Machines (2020)
Journal Article
Turabee, G., Khowja, M. R., Giangrande, P., Madonna, V., Cosma, G., Vakil, G., …Galea, M. (2020). The Role of Neural Networks in Predicting the Thermal Life of Electrical Machines. IEEE Access, 8, 40283-40297. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2975985

© 2013 IEEE. For a continuous mode of operation, insulating material in an electrical machine is subject to constant thermal, electrical, mechanical and environmental stresses where thermal stress is a major cause of gradual insulation deterioration,... Read More about The Role of Neural Networks in Predicting the Thermal Life of Electrical Machines.

High-Speed Electric Drives: A Step Towards System Design (2020)
Journal Article
Savi, F., Barater, D., Nardo, M. D., Degano, M., Gerada, C., Wheeler, P., & Buticchi, G. (2020). High-Speed Electric Drives: A Step Towards System Design. IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society, 1, 10-21. https://doi.org/10.1109/ojies.2020.2973883

Electric drives applications have been worldwide adopted for the transportation electrification. An electric drive system is constituted by two main components: the power electronics converter and the electrical machine. Traditionally the design work... Read More about High-Speed Electric Drives: A Step Towards System Design.

Electric drive systems with long feeder cables (2020)
Journal Article
Xie, P., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2020). Electric drive systems with long feeder cables. IET Electric Power Applications, 14(1), 16-30. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2018.5507

Electric drive systems with long feeder cables connecting inverter and machine are used for oil exploration, mining, remote operated vehicles, industrial, and aerospace applications. Though this topology has the advantage of providing a better operat... Read More about Electric drive systems with long feeder cables.

Speed Ripple Reduction of Direct-Drive PMSM Servo System at Low-Speed Operation Using Virtual Cogging Torque Control Method (2020)
Journal Article
Bu, F., Yang, Z., Gao, Y., Pan, Z., Pu, T., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2021). Speed Ripple Reduction of Direct-Drive PMSM Servo System at Low-Speed Operation Using Virtual Cogging Torque Control Method. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 68(1), 160-174. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2962400

This paper presents a virtual cogging torque (VCT) control method to reduce the speed ripple of direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous machine (DD-PMSM) servo system under low-speed conditions. Compared with other factors, at low speeds, the coggi... Read More about Speed Ripple Reduction of Direct-Drive PMSM Servo System at Low-Speed Operation Using Virtual Cogging Torque Control Method.

The potential of exploiting non-symmetric structures in electrical machines (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Nuzzo, S., Marfoli, A., Papini, L., Bolognesi, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). The potential of exploiting non-symmetric structures in electrical machines. In IECON 2019 Proceedings - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (1393-1398). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2019.8927001

Typically, electrical machines feature rotor and stator winding configurations and core structures which comply with both simplicity and cost requirements. Such constraints limit the design search space and degrees of freedom, thus leading to exploit... Read More about The potential of exploiting non-symmetric structures in electrical machines.

Sensitivity Analysis of Machine Components Thermal Properties Effects on Winding Temperature (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., Zhang, H., & Gerada, C. (2019). Sensitivity Analysis of Machine Components Thermal Properties Effects on Winding Temperature. In 2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMS.2019.8922095

This paper investigates the sensitivity analysis of winding temperature to key parameters in electrical machine thermal design. With a validated 3D thermal model based on an existing 75kW traction machine for an electric vehicle, the methodology of t... Read More about Sensitivity Analysis of Machine Components Thermal Properties Effects on Winding Temperature.

Modeling of Classical Synchronous Generators Using Size-Efficient Lookup Tables With Skewing Effect (2019)
Journal Article
Quadri, Q. H., Nuzzo, S., Rashed, M., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). Modeling of Classical Synchronous Generators Using Size-Efficient Lookup Tables With Skewing Effect. IEEE Access, 7, 174551-174561. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2957102

In this paper, an analytical model aimed at reducing computational times for the analysis of classical synchronous generators is proposed and validated. While the proposed model's attractiveness comes from its simple and fast nature, however, it also... Read More about Modeling of Classical Synchronous Generators Using Size-Efficient Lookup Tables With Skewing Effect.

An Analytical Subdomain Model for Dual-Rotor Permanent Magnet Motor With Halbach Array (2019)
Journal Article
Golovanov, D., & Gerada, C. (2019). An Analytical Subdomain Model for Dual-Rotor Permanent Magnet Motor With Halbach Array. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 55(12), Article 8205216. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2019.2941699

© 1965-2012 IEEE. This article describes the development of an exact analytical model for predicting magnetic field distribution within active parts of a dual-rotor (DR) permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machine with a Halbach array. The model is bas... Read More about An Analytical Subdomain Model for Dual-Rotor Permanent Magnet Motor With Halbach Array.

Multi-physics Design Optimisation of PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor for Traction Application (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Al-Ani, M., Walker, A., Vakil, G., Ramanathan, R., Zou, T., La Rocca, S., …McQueen, A. (2019). Multi-physics Design Optimisation of PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor for Traction Application. In Proceedings: IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (4353-4359). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2019.8926697

Recently, the synchronous reluctance machine limits have been pushed toward meeting the requirements of traction applications. A skilled electromagnetic architecture of a synchronous reluctance machine with the help of permanent magnets can push the... Read More about Multi-physics Design Optimisation of PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor for Traction Application.

Analytical Tool to Generate Torque-Speed Characteristics for Surface Mounted PM Machines in Constant Torque and Field Weakening Regions (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Khowja, M. R., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2019). Analytical Tool to Generate Torque-Speed Characteristics for Surface Mounted PM Machines in Constant Torque and Field Weakening Regions. In Proceedings: IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (922-927). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2019.8927436

This paper presents an analytical tool to generate torque vs speed characteristics of the surface-mounted permanent magnet machines to minimize the computation time and efforts. The paper also derives an expression of d-axis current in the field weak... Read More about Analytical Tool to Generate Torque-Speed Characteristics for Surface Mounted PM Machines in Constant Torque and Field Weakening Regions.

Numerical study of the impact of different cooling arrangements on a high length/diameter ratio motor for electric commercial vehicle (2019)
Conference Proceeding
La Rocca, S., La Rocca, A., Walker, A., Vakil, G., Gerada, D., Al-Ani, M., …Paciura, K. (2019). Numerical study of the impact of different cooling arrangements on a high length/diameter ratio motor for electric commercial vehicle. In Proceedings: 2019 International Conference on Electrotechnical Complexes and Systems (ICOECS) (1-5). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOECS46375.2019.8949929

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to carry out a fluid flow and thermal investigation of a high power dense traction machine for electric commercial vehicle. One of the features of the machine design considered is the high Length/Diameter (... Read More about Numerical study of the impact of different cooling arrangements on a high length/diameter ratio motor for electric commercial vehicle.

Trade-off Study of a High Power Density Starter-Generator for Turboprop Aircraft System (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Khowja, M. R., Vakil, G., Gerada, C., Yang, T., Bozhko, S., & Wheeler, P. (2019). Trade-off Study of a High Power Density Starter-Generator for Turboprop Aircraft System. In Proceedings: IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (1435-1440). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2019.8926961

Mechanically-driven actuators, compressors and pumps are being replaced by the aircraft manufacturers that shift the trend towards 'More Electric Aircraft' and hence reducing the mechanical linkages within the aircraft system. This elevates the depen... Read More about Trade-off Study of a High Power Density Starter-Generator for Turboprop Aircraft System.

High Power High Speed PM-Assisted SynRel Machines with Ferrite and Rare Earth Magnets for Future Electric Commercial Vehicles (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Kumar, R. M. R., Zou, T., La Rocca, A., Vakil, G., Gerada, D., Walker, A., …Fernandes, B. G. (2019). High Power High Speed PM-Assisted SynRel Machines with Ferrite and Rare Earth Magnets for Future Electric Commercial Vehicles. In IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (1083-1088). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2019.8927523

High power density and high torque density are the fundamental requirements for electric machines used in traction application. The former is obtained by potentially increasing the speed of the machine while the latter by using high energy density ra... Read More about High Power High Speed PM-Assisted SynRel Machines with Ferrite and Rare Earth Magnets for Future Electric Commercial Vehicles.

Enhancing the Torque Density of Conventional PM-SynRel Machine with Hybrid Flux Barrier (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Kumar, R. M. R., Vakil, G., Gerada, D., Walker, A., La Rocca, S., Al-Ani, M., …Fernandes, B. G. (2019). Enhancing the Torque Density of Conventional PM-SynRel Machine with Hybrid Flux Barrier. In IECON 2019 Proceedings - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (4347-4352). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2019.8926624

Electrical machines with high torque density are required for traction application. Availability of bonded magnets with complex shapes and magnetization pattern can significantly extend the design space of electrical machines. This paper introduces a... Read More about Enhancing the Torque Density of Conventional PM-SynRel Machine with Hybrid Flux Barrier.

Reduction of Winding AC Losses by Accurate Conductor Placement in High Frequency Electrical Machines (2019)
Journal Article
Bardalai, A., Gerada, D., Golovanov, D., Xu, Z., Zhang, X., Li, J., …Gerada, C. (2020). Reduction of Winding AC Losses by Accurate Conductor Placement in High Frequency Electrical Machines. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 56(1), 183-193. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2019.2947552

© 1972-2012 IEEE. In the design of electrical machines, the increase in power density has become one of the main research themes. With most of the power loss in high power density electrical machines often being generated in the stator winding assemb... Read More about Reduction of Winding AC Losses by Accurate Conductor Placement in High Frequency Electrical Machines.

Rotor UMP & Mechanical Response in HSPMSM in Typical Running Conditions (2019)
Conference Proceeding
He, Y., Vakil, G., Zhang, X., Gao, P., Gerada, D., & Gerada, C. (2019). Rotor UMP & Mechanical Response in HSPMSM in Typical Running Conditions. In Proceedings: 2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) (3878-3883). https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2019.8913180

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis on the rotor unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP) and the consequent mechanical response in 6 typical running conditions in a 20000 rpm high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (HSPMSM) through finite eleme... Read More about Rotor UMP & Mechanical Response in HSPMSM in Typical Running Conditions.

Optimized Carrier Disposition Based Discontinuous Pulse-width Modulation Method for three-level NPC Converters (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Wang, M., Xu, L., Yang, B., Li, J., Gu, C., Zhang, H., …Li, Y. (2019). Optimized Carrier Disposition Based Discontinuous Pulse-width Modulation Method for three-level NPC Converters. In 2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) (1442-1446). https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2019.8912600

Three level neutral-point-clamped (3L-NPC) converter is a multilevel topology that is well-suited solution in high voltage, high frequency applications such as flexible AC transmission systems and electric vehicle drive systems. This paper is focused... Read More about Optimized Carrier Disposition Based Discontinuous Pulse-width Modulation Method for three-level NPC Converters.

Smart Current Limitation Technique for a Multiphase Bearingless Machine with Combined Winding System (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Wen, Z., Valente, G., Formentini, A., Papini, L., Zanchetta, P., & Gerada, C. (2019). Smart Current Limitation Technique for a Multiphase Bearingless Machine with Combined Winding System. In Proceedings of 2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) (6099-6105). https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2019.8913291

This paper presents a current limitation technique for a multiphase bearingless machine featuring a combined winding system. This winding structure allows each machine phase to produce both suspension force and motoring torque. Compared to more conve... Read More about Smart Current Limitation Technique for a Multiphase Bearingless Machine with Combined Winding System.

A Novel Modelling Approach of Modular Multi Three-phase Drive System for High Performance Applications (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Wang, X., Gu, C., Buticchi, G., Zhang, H., & Gerada, C. (2019). A Novel Modelling Approach of Modular Multi Three-phase Drive System for High Performance Applications. In 2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) (1-5). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMS.2019.8922523

There is a growing attention in the industrial and academic sectors for the multi-phase drive for high power and high-speed applications. The multi three-phase drive with independent neutral points is a popular option for this application, as it allo... Read More about A Novel Modelling Approach of Modular Multi Three-phase Drive System for High Performance Applications.

Thermal Barrier for High-Voltage Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Air-cooling Hybrid Ventilation Systems (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Zhang, X., Zhang, H., Li, W., Gerada, C., Gerada, D., & Li, J. (2019). Thermal Barrier for High-Voltage Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Air-cooling Hybrid Ventilation Systems. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) (1-4). https://doi.org/10.1109/icems.2019.8922364

This paper addresses the thermal network improvement in a 315 kW high-voltage solid rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, with a hybrid air-cooling system, by the proposed thermal barrier. The multi-coupled fields, as electromagnetic fields, flui... Read More about Thermal Barrier for High-Voltage Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Air-cooling Hybrid Ventilation Systems.

Simplified Lumped Parameter Thermal Network for Short-Duty Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Giangrande, P., Madonna, V., Zhao, W., Wang, Y., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). Simplified Lumped Parameter Thermal Network for Short-Duty Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines. In Proceedings of 2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) (1-6). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMS.2019.8922309

© 2019 IEEE. Electrical machines are progressively being employed in an ever-increasing number of safety-critical applications (e.g. aerospace and automotive), which demand high performance as well as reliability features. The modular structure and t... Read More about Simplified Lumped Parameter Thermal Network for Short-Duty Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines.

Equivalent Slot Thermal Conductivity and Back-iron Extension Effects on Machine Cooling (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., Zhang, H., & Gerada, C. (2019). Equivalent Slot Thermal Conductivity and Back-iron Extension Effects on Machine Cooling. In Proceedings of 2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMS.2019.8921725

Back-iron Extension (BIE) is an effective thermal management technique which reduces the winding temperatures by projecting part of the back iron into the center of slot, thereby shortening the heat transfer path between the coil and back iron. Based... Read More about Equivalent Slot Thermal Conductivity and Back-iron Extension Effects on Machine Cooling.

Designing an Advanced Electrical Motor for Propulsion of Electric Aircraft (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Golovanov, D., Xu, Z., Gerada, D., Page, A., Gerada, C., & Sawata, T. (2019). Designing an Advanced Electrical Motor for Propulsion of Electric Aircraft. In AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2019 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2019-4482

A prototype motor rated for 500 kW 3,000 rpm has been developed for aircraft electric propulsion. The design of the motor was optimized using a coupled parameter problem of electromagnetic, mechanical and thermal performances. A high power density of... Read More about Designing an Advanced Electrical Motor for Propulsion of Electric Aircraft.

High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Iron Loss Calculation Method Considering Multiphysics Factors (2019)
Journal Article
Liu, G., Liu, M., Zhang, Y., Wang, H., & Gerada, C. (2020). High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Iron Loss Calculation Method Considering Multiphysics Factors. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(7), 5360-5368. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2934075

Comparative Analysis of AC losses with round magnet wire and Litz wire winding of a High – Speed PM Machine (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Bardalai, A., Zhang, X., Zou, T., Gerada, D., Li, J., & Gerada, C. (2019). Comparative Analysis of AC losses with round magnet wire and Litz wire winding of a High – Speed PM Machine. In 2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMS.2019.8922173

The growing trend of high speed, high power density machines for applications such as EVs, aerospace and machine tools demand these machines to work at higher electrical frequencies. Meanwhile, increasing the fundamental frequency leads to pronounced... Read More about Comparative Analysis of AC losses with round magnet wire and Litz wire winding of a High – Speed PM Machine.

Torque Ripple Reduction in Sectored Multi Three-Phase Machines Based on PWM Carrier Phase Shift (2019)
Journal Article
Wang, X., Sala, G., Zhang, H., Gu, C., Buticchi, G., Formentini, A., …Wheeler, P. (2020). Torque Ripple Reduction in Sectored Multi Three-Phase Machines Based on PWM Carrier Phase Shift. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(6), 4315-4325. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2019.2931239

The interest in multiphase machines for high power and reliable drives has been growing, and many control algorithms have been proposed to improve their torque performance. This work presents a new approach to the modeling of a multi three-phase driv... Read More about Torque Ripple Reduction in Sectored Multi Three-Phase Machines Based on PWM Carrier Phase Shift.

A SiC based 2-Level Power Converter for Shape-and-Space-Restricted Aerospace Applications (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Nasir, U., Chowdhury, S., La Rocca, A., Chen, Y., Yang, T., Wheeler, P., …Bozhko, S. (2019). A SiC based 2-Level Power Converter for Shape-and-Space-Restricted Aerospace Applications. In Proceedings on the 2019 IEEE 13th International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS) (1-7). https://doi.org/10.1109/PEDS44367.2019.8998907

Recent advancements in the power electronic device technologies, such as wide-band-gap devices including Silicon-Carbide (SiC) and Galium-Nitride (GaN), are acting as an enabling factor in development of compact power electronic systems. More specifi... Read More about A SiC based 2-Level Power Converter for Shape-and-Space-Restricted Aerospace Applications.

Dual-Pulse Mode Control of a High-Speed Doubly Salient Electromagnetic Machine for Loss Reduction and Speed Range Extension (2019)
Journal Article
Yu, L., Zhang, Z., Bian, Z., Gerada, D., & Gerada, C. (2019). Dual-Pulse Mode Control of a High-Speed Doubly Salient Electromagnetic Machine for Loss Reduction and Speed Range Extension. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(6), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2931253

In this paper, a dual-pulse mode control of a high-speed doubly salient electromagnetic machine (DSEM) for efficiency improvement over a wide speed range is investigated and implemented. The dual-pulse mode control method and operation principle are... Read More about Dual-Pulse Mode Control of a High-Speed Doubly Salient Electromagnetic Machine for Loss Reduction and Speed Range Extension.

Internal Current Return Path for Ground Leakage Current Mitigation in Current Source Inverters (2019)
Journal Article
Lorenzani, E., Migliazza, G., Immovilli, F., Gerada, C., Zhang, H., & Buticchi, G. (2019). Internal Current Return Path for Ground Leakage Current Mitigation in Current Source Inverters. IEEE Access, 7, 96540-96548. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929062

This paper analyzes in detail the effect of a simple solution for ground leakage current mitigation applicable to transformerless three-phase current source inverter (CSI). The circuit modification solution is assessed for both traditional CSI topolo... Read More about Internal Current Return Path for Ground Leakage Current Mitigation in Current Source Inverters.

Comparative study on two modular spoke-type PM machines for in-wheel traction applications (2019)
Journal Article
Zhang, H., Hua, W., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., Li, Y., & Zhang, G. (2019). Comparative study on two modular spoke-type PM machines for in-wheel traction applications. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 34(4), 2137-2147. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2019.2927872

This paper focuses on the comparative analysis of modular spoke-type permanent magnet machines with two magnetization modes, which are referred to as M-I and M-II types. The analytical models of the proposed machines are built based on the simple mag... Read More about Comparative study on two modular spoke-type PM machines for in-wheel traction applications.

Challenges of the optimization of a high-speed induction machine for naval applications (2019)
Journal Article
Buticchi, G., Gerada, D., Alberti, L., Galea, M., Wheeler, P., Bozhko, S., …Gerada, C. (2019). Challenges of the optimization of a high-speed induction machine for naval applications. Energies, 12(12), Article 2431. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12122431

In several industrial sectors, induction machines are being replaced with permanent magnet based alternatives, owing to the potential for higher power density and efficiency. However, high-speed applications feature a wide flux-weakening region, wher... Read More about Challenges of the optimization of a high-speed induction machine for naval applications.

Layered Al2O3-SiO2 and Al2O3-Ta2O5 thin-film composites for high dielectric strength, deposited by pulsed direct current and radio frequency magnetron sputtering (2019)
Journal Article
Hanby, B. V., Stuart, B. W., Gimeno-Fabra, M., Moffat, J., Gerada, C., & Grant, D. M. (2019). Layered Al2O3-SiO2 and Al2O3-Ta2O5 thin-film composites for high dielectric strength, deposited by pulsed direct current and radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Applied Surface Science, 492, 328-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.06.202

Multilayer thin films have the potential to act as high dielectric strength insulation for wire and microelectronics. In this study, films consisting of 2, 4 or 8 layers, composed of Al2O3 with SiO2 or Ta2O5, were prepared via pulsed direct current a... Read More about Layered Al2O3-SiO2 and Al2O3-Ta2O5 thin-film composites for high dielectric strength, deposited by pulsed direct current and radio frequency magnetron sputtering.

Thermo-Mechanical Modelling of Bearing Chambers of a High-Speed Starter/Generator (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Rocca, A. L., Connor, P. H., Xu, Z., Eastwick, C. N., Pickering, S. J., & Gerada, C. (2019). Thermo-Mechanical Modelling of Bearing Chambers of a High-Speed Starter/Generator. In 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC) (322-328). https://doi.org/10.1109/iemdc.2019.8785357

This paper describes the thermal-mechanical characterisation methodology for the bearing chambers of a high-speed (32,000 rpm) electrical starter/generator [1]; presenting a low cost analysis approach and design guideline for future machines. The met... Read More about Thermo-Mechanical Modelling of Bearing Chambers of a High-Speed Starter/Generator.

On the design of partial discharge-free low voltage electrical machines (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Madonna, V., Giangrande, P., Zhao, W., Zhang, H., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). On the design of partial discharge-free low voltage electrical machines. In 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC) (1837-1842). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785413

Modern electrical machines employed in transportation applications are required to provide high performance in terms of power (and torque) density. At the same time, being these applications safety-critical, a significant level of reliability and/or... Read More about On the design of partial discharge-free low voltage electrical machines.

Dual-Rotor Permanent Magnet Motor for Electric Superbike (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Golovanov, D., Galassini, A., Flanagan, L., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2019). Dual-Rotor Permanent Magnet Motor for Electric Superbike. In 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC) (951-956). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785287

The demand on high-performance electrical machines has significantly increased for aerospace and transportation industries in recent years. A racing electric motorbike is a suitable platform to validate and prove new concepts and machine topologies b... Read More about Dual-Rotor Permanent Magnet Motor for Electric Superbike.

Single-Phase Open-Circuit Fault Operation of Bearingless Multi-Sector PM Machines (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Wen, Z., Valente, G., Formentini, A., Papini, L., Zanchetta, P., & Gerada, C. (2019). Single-Phase Open-Circuit Fault Operation of Bearingless Multi-Sector PM Machines. In Proceedings of 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC) (1087-1092). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785111

This paper investigates the single-phase open-circuit fault of a bearingless multi-sector PM synchronous machine. The mathematical model of the suspension force and torque generation is developed for both healthy and faulty conditions. The model is w... Read More about Single-Phase Open-Circuit Fault Operation of Bearingless Multi-Sector PM Machines.

Torque Ripple Investigation in Squirrel Cage Induction Machines (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Marfoli, A., Sala, G., Papini, L., Bolognesi, P., & Gerada, C. (2019). Torque Ripple Investigation in Squirrel Cage Induction Machines. In 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC) (140-146). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785364

Low torque ripple of electrical machines is an important requirement for many different applications. The causes of torque fluctuations in squirrel cage asynchronous induction motors might be a challenging task due to the complex phenomena raised by... Read More about Torque Ripple Investigation in Squirrel Cage Induction Machines.

Information Technologies for Distributed Machine Drives: An Overview (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Savi, F., Buticchi, G., Gerada, C., Wheeler, P., & Barater, D. (2019). Information Technologies for Distributed Machine Drives: An Overview. In 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC) (1805-1809). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785232

The exponential growth experienced by the semiconductor manufacturing field has led to a large proliferation of devices with large amounts computational power, enabling countless technologies and revolutionizing many fields. Control systems and machi... Read More about Information Technologies for Distributed Machine Drives: An Overview.

Optimized Sizing of IPM Machines for Automotive Traction Application (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Valente, G., Gerada, D., Degano, M., Gerada, C., Foulsham, J., & Beeby, D. (2019). Optimized Sizing of IPM Machines for Automotive Traction Application. In 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC) (970-975). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785245

This paper presents the implementation of an electrical machine design tool including its overall architecture. The tool is flexible and can be employed for the sizing of any permanent magnet synchronous machine. The case study considered in this wor... Read More about Optimized Sizing of IPM Machines for Automotive Traction Application.

Simplified Analytical Machine Sizing for Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Machines (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Xie, P., Ramanathan, R., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2019). Simplified Analytical Machine Sizing for Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Machines

This paper proposes a simple analytical machine sizing process for a three-phase surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines appropriate for both system level analysis and preliminary machine design. For system-level analysis, the proposed... Read More about Simplified Analytical Machine Sizing for Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Machines.

Sizing, design, and modelling of aerospace electric drive system with long feeder cables (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Xie, P., Vakil, G., & Gerarda, C. (2019). Sizing, design, and modelling of aerospace electric drive system with long feeder cables

The aviation industry is tending towards more electric aircraft, replacing conventionally pneumatic, hydraulic, and mechanical systems with electrical solutions. The electrification of actuators is motivated by increased efficiency, reduced maintenan... Read More about Sizing, design, and modelling of aerospace electric drive system with long feeder cables.

Braking torque compensation strategy and thermal behavior of a dual three-phase winding PMSM during short-circuit fault (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Giangrande, P., Madonna, V., Nuzzo, S., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). Braking torque compensation strategy and thermal behavior of a dual three-phase winding PMSM during short-circuit fault. . https://doi.org/10.1109/iemdc.2019.8785164

© 2019 IEEE. Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs)employing the dual three-phase winding represent a suitable solution for complying with the reliability requirements typically needed in safety-critical applications. Their inherent fault-tole... Read More about Braking torque compensation strategy and thermal behavior of a dual three-phase winding PMSM during short-circuit fault.

A Novel Concept of Ribless Synchronous Reluctance Motor for Enhanced Torque Capability (2019)
Journal Article
Bao, Y., Degano, M., Wang, S., Chuan, L., Xu, Z., Zhang, H., & Gerada, C. (2020). A Novel Concept of Ribless Synchronous Reluctance Motor for Enhanced Torque Capability. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(4), 2553-2563. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2914616

The rotor structure of synchronous reluctance machines (SynRel) is conventionally retained mechanically by iron ribs. In this paper a novel structure for high speed synchronous reluctance rotor is presented. The novelty of this work is the proof of a... Read More about A Novel Concept of Ribless Synchronous Reluctance Motor for Enhanced Torque Capability.

Thermal overload and insulation aging of short duty cycle, aerospace motors (2019)
Journal Article
Madonna, V., Giangrande, P., Lusuardi, L., Cavallini, A., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). Thermal overload and insulation aging of short duty cycle, aerospace motors. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(4), 2618-2629. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2914630

Electrical machines for transportation applications need to be highly reliable, particularly if they drive safety-critical systems. At the same time, another main requirement is represented by the significant torque density, especially for aerospace,... Read More about Thermal overload and insulation aging of short duty cycle, aerospace motors.

Control Strategy for Five-Phase Dual-Stator Winding Induction Starter/Generator System (2019)
Journal Article
Liu, H., Bu, F., Huang, W., Liu, L., Hu, Y., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2020). Control Strategy for Five-Phase Dual-Stator Winding Induction Starter/Generator System. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(4), 2607-2617 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2019.2912767

This paper presents an integrated control strategy for a starter/generator (S/G) system based on five-phase dual-stator winding induction machine (FPDWIM). The FPDWIM has a cage-type rotor and two sets of stator windings. One is a five-phase control... Read More about Control Strategy for Five-Phase Dual-Stator Winding Induction Starter/Generator System.

Coupling calculation and analysis of three-dimensional temperature and fluid field for high-power high-speed permanent magnet machine (2019)
Journal Article
Wang, T., Zhang, Y., Wen, F., Gerada, C., Liu, G., Rui, D., & Zerun, W. (2019). Coupling calculation and analysis of three-dimensional temperature and fluid field for high-power high-speed permanent magnet machine. IET Electric Power Applications, 13(6), 812-818. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2018.5725

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2019. In order to accurately estimate the temperature rise for high-power high-speed permanent magnet machines (HSPMMs), a novel temperature calculation method considering the non-linear variation of ma... Read More about Coupling calculation and analysis of three-dimensional temperature and fluid field for high-power high-speed permanent magnet machine.

A Nonlinear Extended State Observer for Rotor Position and Speed Estimation for Sensorless IPMSM Drives (2019)
Journal Article
Xu, Z. J., Zhang, T., Bao, Y., Zhang, H., & Gerada, C. (2020). A Nonlinear Extended State Observer for Rotor Position and Speed Estimation for Sensorless IPMSM Drives. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 35(1), 733-743. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2019.2914119

© 1986-2012 IEEE. Sensorless machine drives in vehicle traction frequently experience rapidly-changing load disturbance and demand fast speed dynamics. Without gain-scheduling or compensation, conventional quadrature phase-locked-loop (Q-PLL) is unab... Read More about A Nonlinear Extended State Observer for Rotor Position and Speed Estimation for Sensorless IPMSM Drives.

Active Thermal Control for Power Converters in Modular Winding Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Yan, H., Buticchi, G., Yang, J., Zhao, W., Zhang, H., & Gerada, C. (2019). Active Thermal Control for Power Converters in Modular Winding Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. In Proceedings - 2019 IEEE 13th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG) (1-6). https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2019.8862416

To increase the reliability and reduce the torque ripple, modular winding structure has been employed in the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs). However, the reliability of the motor system depends on the lifetime of the power semiconductor... Read More about Active Thermal Control for Power Converters in Modular Winding Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor.

Reduced Order Lumped Parameter Thermal Network for Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Giangrande, P., Madonna, V., Nuzzo, S., Spagnolo, C., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). Reduced Order Lumped Parameter Thermal Network for Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines. In Proceedings 2019 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (71-76). https://doi.org/10.1109/WEMDCD.2019.8887772

© 2019 IEEE. In recent years, electrical machines are employed in an ever-increasing number of safety-critical applications, which require high power density, along with a demanding level of reliability and/or fault-tolerance capability. Multi-phase... Read More about Reduced Order Lumped Parameter Thermal Network for Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Machines.

An accurate wide-speed range control method of IPMSM considering resistive voltage drop and magnetic saturation (2019)
Journal Article
Gerada, C., Galassini, A., Degano, M., Kang, J., & Wang, S. (2020). An accurate wide-speed range control method of IPMSM considering resistive voltage drop and magnetic saturation. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(4), 2630-2641 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2019.2912766

This paper deals with the high accurate current set-points solution for Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors (IPMSM) in wide-speed range applications. Considering voltage and current constraints, the operating regions can be divided into Maxi... Read More about An accurate wide-speed range control method of IPMSM considering resistive voltage drop and magnetic saturation.

Asymmetrical Flux Density Distribution in Stator Teeth of Surface Permanent Magnet Machines (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Sala, G., De Gaetano, D., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2019). Asymmetrical Flux Density Distribution in Stator Teeth of Surface Permanent Magnet Machines. In Proceedings - 2019 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (29-33). https://doi.org/10.1109/WEMDCD.2019.8887831

This work is showing in detail the flux density behaviour in the stator teeth of a synchronous machine. A 3-phase Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) motor is considered. These motors are widely employed in applications where high efficiency and power den... Read More about Asymmetrical Flux Density Distribution in Stator Teeth of Surface Permanent Magnet Machines.

Eddy Current Loss Control in High Speed PM Starter-Generator (2019)
Conference Proceeding
Zhang, X., Zhang, H., Gerada, C., Gerada, D., Li, J., Xu, Z., & Liu, C. (2019). Eddy Current Loss Control in High Speed PM Starter-Generator. In Proceedings: 2019 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (46-50). https://doi.org/10.1109/WEMDCD.2019.8887771

This paper highlights the advancement in high speed generation applications along with describing the state of the art in the machine design technologies enabling such an application uptake. Via the investigating on a 250kW high speed PM starter-gene... Read More about Eddy Current Loss Control in High Speed PM Starter-Generator.

Flux-Density Harmonics Analysis of Switched-Flux Permanent Magnet Machines (2019)
Journal Article
Zeng, Z., Shen, Y., Lu, Q., Gerada, D., Wu, B., Huang, X., & Gerada, C. (2019). Flux-Density Harmonics Analysis of Switched-Flux Permanent Magnet Machines. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 55(6), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2019.2908250

By developing a simple permeance-magnetomotive force (MMF) model of switched-flux permanent magnet (SFPM) machines, the air-gap flux density produced by both PMs and armature current can be derived, in which harmonics with the same order and rotation... Read More about Flux-Density Harmonics Analysis of Switched-Flux Permanent Magnet Machines.

Effective Thermal Conductivity Calculation and Measurement of Litz Wire based on the Porous Metal Materials Structure (2019)
Journal Article
Liu, X., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., Corfield, M., Gerada, C., & Yu, H. (2020). Effective Thermal Conductivity Calculation and Measurement of Litz Wire based on the Porous Metal Materials Structure. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(4), 2667-2677. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2910031

Litz wires are employed in high-frequency electrical machines due to their advantages of reducing the ac losses, including minimizing the skin effect and the proximity effect. In order to improve the reliability of such machines, and enable accurate... Read More about Effective Thermal Conductivity Calculation and Measurement of Litz Wire based on the Porous Metal Materials Structure.

Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings (2019)
Journal Article
Connor, P. H., La Rocca, A., Xu, Z., Eastwick, C. N., Pickering, S. J., & Gerada, C. (2019). Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings. Journal of Engineering, 2019(17), 4022-4026. https://doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8027

A novel experimental rig for analysing intensive liquid cooling of highly power-dense electrical machine components has been developed. Coupled fluid flow and heat transfer have been modelled, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), to inform the d... Read More about Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings.

Novel Motor-Shaped Rotational Inductor for Motor Drive Applications (2019)
Journal Article
Odhano, S., Khowja, M. R., Gerada, C., Vakil, G., Abebe, R., Odhano, S. A., …Wheeler, P. (2020). Novel Motor-Shaped Rotational Inductor for Motor Drive Applications. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(3), 1844-1854. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2907512

This paper presents a validation of the novel motor-shaped rotational inductor. To validate the concept, 12 slots 2 poles rotational inductor is tested at different supply frequencies and rotor speeds. Experimental results have shown that the iron lo... Read More about Novel Motor-Shaped Rotational Inductor for Motor Drive Applications.

Considerations on the Development of an Electric Drive for a Secondary Flight Control Electromechanical Actuator (2019)
Journal Article
Giangrande, P., Galassini, A., Papadopoulos, S., Al-Timimy, A., Calzo, G. L., Degano, M., …Galea, M. (2019). Considerations on the Development of an Electric Drive for a Secondary Flight Control Electromechanical Actuator. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(4), 3544-3554. https://doi.org/10.1109/tia.2019.2907231

The more electric aircraft concept aims to improve the fuel consumption, the weight, and both the maintenance and operating costs of the aircraft, by promoting the use of electric power in actuation systems. According to this scenario, electromechani... Read More about Considerations on the Development of an Electric Drive for a Secondary Flight Control Electromechanical Actuator.

Fixed switching frequency predictive control of an asymmetric source dual inverter system with a floating bridge for multilevel operation (2019)
Journal Article
Chowdhury, S., Wheeler, P., Huang, Z., Rivera, M., & Gerada, C. (2019). Fixed switching frequency predictive control of an asymmetric source dual inverter system with a floating bridge for multilevel operation. IET Power Electronics, 12(3), 450-457. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2018.5395

This study proposes a modified modulated model predictive control (MMPC) scheme to control an open-end winding induction motor drive using an asymmetric source dual inverter with one floating bridge. The control algorithm uses a modulation algorithm... Read More about Fixed switching frequency predictive control of an asymmetric source dual inverter system with a floating bridge for multilevel operation.

High Torque Density Torque Motor With Hybrid Magnetization Pole Arrays for Jet Pipe Servo Valve (2019)
Journal Article
Zhang, Q., Yan, L., Duan, Z., Jiao, Z., Gerada, C., & Chen, I. (2020). High Torque Density Torque Motor With Hybrid Magnetization Pole Arrays for Jet Pipe Servo Valve. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(3), 2133-2142. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2903761

Torque motor is one key component that directly influences the dynamic performance of jet pipe servo valve in aircraft. In this paper, a novel torque motor with hybrid-magnetization pole arrays is proposed. By changing the magnetization patterns of p... Read More about High Torque Density Torque Motor With Hybrid Magnetization Pole Arrays for Jet Pipe Servo Valve.

Back-Iron Extension Thermal Benefits for Electrical Machines With Concentrated Windings (2019)
Journal Article
Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., Zhang, X., Tighe, C., Zhang, H., & Gerada, C. (2020). Back-Iron Extension Thermal Benefits for Electrical Machines With Concentrated Windings. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(3), 1728-1738. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2903758

Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry (2019)
Journal Article
La Rocca, S., Pickering, S. J., Eastwick, C. N., Gerada, C., & Rönnberg, K. (2019). Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry. Journal of Engineering, 2019(17), 3831-3835. https://doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8026

Here, a typical small low-voltage totally enclosed fan-cooled (TEFC) motor (output power ∼10 kW) has been studied using computational fluid dynamics. The complexity of the end-winding geometries, often consisting of several insulated copper strands b... Read More about Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry.

The Influence of Winding Location in Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Machines (2019)
Journal Article
Zhang, H., Hua, W., Hu, M., Gerada, D., & Gerada, C. (2019). The Influence of Winding Location in Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Machines. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 55(7), Article 8104205. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2018.2886686

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of winding location on back electromotive force (EMF) and armature inductance in flux-switching permanent-magnet (FSPM) machines. To obtain an analytical solution, a double-stator-pitch m... Read More about The Influence of Winding Location in Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Machines.

Simplified Damper Cage Circuital Model and Fast Analytical–Numerical Approach for the Analysis of Synchronous Generators (2018)
Journal Article
Nuzzo, S., Bolognesi, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). Simplified Damper Cage Circuital Model and Fast Analytical–Numerical Approach for the Analysis of Synchronous Generators. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(11), 8361-8371. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2885737

The long and enduring history of utilization of the wound-field synchronous generator in a large number of applications makes it one of the most known and consolidated electrical machine technologies. Thus, its design, modeling, and analysis processe... Read More about Simplified Damper Cage Circuital Model and Fast Analytical–Numerical Approach for the Analysis of Synchronous Generators.

Synchronous Reluctance Motor Iron Losses: Analytical Model and Optimization (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Mahmoud, H., Degano, M., Bacco, G., Bianchi, N., & Gerada, C. (2018). Synchronous Reluctance Motor Iron Losses: Analytical Model and Optimization. In 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) (1640-1647). https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558292

The complex rotor structure of synchronous reluctance machines causes a high harmonic content in the air-gap flux density and then flux density fluctuations in different iron parts. The importance of determining accurately the total iron losses in th... Read More about Synchronous Reluctance Motor Iron Losses: Analytical Model and Optimization.

Design Considerations of Fault-Tolerant Electromechanical Actuator Systems for More Electric Aircraft (MEA) (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Zhu, S., Cox, T., Xu, Z., Gerada, C., & Li, C. (2018). Design Considerations of Fault-Tolerant Electromechanical Actuator Systems for More Electric Aircraft (MEA). . https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557426

This paper studies the concerns such as architecture and reliability in the deployment of electromechanical actuator (EMA) in the actuation system for more electric aircraft (MEA). First, the reliability of the actuation system architecture such as c... Read More about Design Considerations of Fault-Tolerant Electromechanical Actuator Systems for More Electric Aircraft (MEA).

Performance Analysis of PMSM for High-Speed Starter-Generator System (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Diab, A., Gerada, C., Rashed, M., Bozhko, S., & Li, J. (2018). Performance Analysis of PMSM for High-Speed Starter-Generator System. In Proceedings - 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC) (1-7). https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS-ITEC.2018.8607764

© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents the operating characteristics of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine taking into account the influence of stator resistance and inductance variation at high frequencies, whose effect are always neglec... Read More about Performance Analysis of PMSM for High-Speed Starter-Generator System.

State of the Art of Electric Taxiing Systems (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Lukic, M., Hebala, A., Giangrande, P., Klumpner, C., Nuzzo, S., Chen, G., …Galea, M. (2018). State of the Art of Electric Taxiing Systems. In Proceedings - 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC) (1-6). https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS-ITEC.2018.8607786

The aviation industry represents an ever-expanding economy and the aircraft market forecast reveals an optimistic growth for the coming decades. New requirements and guidelines call for a more efficient, reliable, and environment friendly aircraft op... Read More about State of the Art of Electric Taxiing Systems.

High Frequency Harmonic Current Generator for More Electric Aircraft Based on GaN HFETs (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Wang, M., Fan, B., Xu, L., Kuiwang, K., Zheng, Z., Li, Y., …Li, J. (2018). High Frequency Harmonic Current Generator for More Electric Aircraft Based on GaN HFETs. In Proceedings - 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC) (1-7). https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS-ITEC.2018.8607717

© 2018 IEEE. With the development of more electric aircraft (MEA), the number of power electronic equipment and variable frequency electrical loads are increasing rapidly, which leads to challenges in terms of power quality of aircraft power system.... Read More about High Frequency Harmonic Current Generator for More Electric Aircraft Based on GaN HFETs.

Performance Comparison of Doubly Salient Reluctance Generators for High-Voltage DC Power System of More Electric Aircraft (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Li, Y., Zhang, Z., Gerada, D., & Gerada, C. (2018). Performance Comparison of Doubly Salient Reluctance Generators for High-Voltage DC Power System of More Electric Aircraft. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC) (1-6). https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS-ITEC.2018.8607694

The generation performance of the switched reluctance machine (SRM)-based starter/generator (S/G) and the doubly salient electromagnetic machine (DSEM)-based S/G is analyzed and compared in this paper. The topologies, operation principles of the doub... Read More about Performance Comparison of Doubly Salient Reluctance Generators for High-Voltage DC Power System of More Electric Aircraft.

A Holistic Electrical Machine Design Tool for More-Electric and Hybrid-Electric Aircraft (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Golovanov, D., Xu, Z., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Papini, L. (2018). A Holistic Electrical Machine Design Tool for More-Electric and Hybrid-Electric Aircraft. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC) ( 1-6). https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS-ITEC.2018.8607715

The power density of electrical machines required for more-electric and hybrid-electric aircraft has become a critical aspect and target of optimization. This paper looks at the development aspects of a multi-domain tool to aid for system-level optim... Read More about A Holistic Electrical Machine Design Tool for More-Electric and Hybrid-Electric Aircraft.

A Novel Thermal Network Model Used for Temperature Calculation and Analysis on Brushless Doubly-Fed Generator With Winding Encapsulating Structure (2018)
Journal Article
Jiang, X., Zhang, Y., Jin, S., Zhang, F., & Gerada, C. (2019). A Novel Thermal Network Model Used for Temperature Calculation and Analysis on Brushless Doubly-Fed Generator With Winding Encapsulating Structure. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(2), 1473-1483. https://doi.org/10.1109/tia.2018.2883542

© 1972-2012 IEEE. In recent years, magnetic-barrier rotor has been put forward for brushless doubly-fed generator (BDFG) application owing to its desirable performance, such as high power density and strong magnetic coupling ability. However, it also... Read More about A Novel Thermal Network Model Used for Temperature Calculation and Analysis on Brushless Doubly-Fed Generator With Winding Encapsulating Structure.

The Influence of Stator Material on the Power Density and Iron Loss of a High-Performace Starter-Generator for More Electric Aircraft (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Golovanov, D., Xu, Z., Gerada, D., Degano, M., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2018). The Influence of Stator Material on the Power Density and Iron Loss of a High-Performace Starter-Generator for More Electric Aircraft. In 2018 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) (169-173). https://doi.org/10.23919/ICEMS.2018.8549390

Maximizing the power density as well as efficiency are two of the main critical aspects for engineers who are designing electrical machines for aerospace applications. Iron losses have a significant impact on the total machine efficiency, thermal sta... Read More about The Influence of Stator Material on the Power Density and Iron Loss of a High-Performace Starter-Generator for More Electric Aircraft.

Open-circuit fault tolerant study of bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machines (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Valente, G., Papini, L., Formentini, A., Gerada, C., & Zanchetta, P. (2018). Open-circuit fault tolerant study of bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machines. . https://doi.org/10.23919/IPEC.2018.8507470

This paper presents a fault tolerant study of a multiphase sectored permanent magnet synchronous machine involving a tripel three-phase winding. The machine electromagnetic model is written in a general way so that it can be extended and applied to a... Read More about Open-circuit fault tolerant study of bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machines.

A Novel Newton-Raphson-Based Searching Method for the MTPA Control of Pmasynrm Considering Magnetic and Cross Saturation (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Wang, S., Degano, M., Kang, J., Galassini, A., & Gerada, C. (2018). A Novel Newton-Raphson-Based Searching Method for the MTPA Control of Pmasynrm Considering Magnetic and Cross Saturation. In Proceedings 2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (1360-1366). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506853

Maximum torque per ampere control (MTPA) takes full advantage of the reluctance torque aiming at the minimum copper loss, which can increase the torque output under the minimum current conditions. The traditional MTPA method makes use of equations wi... Read More about A Novel Newton-Raphson-Based Searching Method for the MTPA Control of Pmasynrm Considering Magnetic and Cross Saturation.

Design and testing of PMSM for aerospace EMA applications (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Giangrande, P., Madonna, V., Sala, G., Kladas, A., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2018). Design and testing of PMSM for aerospace EMA applications. In IECON 2018 - 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (2038-2043). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2018.8591318

The more-electric aircraft initiative represents an important technology step-change for the aircraft industry. The reduction of both fuel consumption and environmental impact are leading to alternative solutions for actuating the flight control surf... Read More about Design and testing of PMSM for aerospace EMA applications.

Consideration on Eddy Current Reduction Techniques for Solid Materials Used in Unconventional Magnetic Circuits (2018)
Journal Article
Mohammed, A. M., Galea, M., Cox, T., & Gerada, C. (2019). Consideration on Eddy Current Reduction Techniques for Solid Materials Used in Unconventional Magnetic Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(6), 4870-4879. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2018.2875641

The use of solid materials in tubular, linear machines has significant manufacturing benefits, as this removes the need for an axially laminated stator. However, this comes at the cost of extra eddy current losses. In this paper, a detailed analysis... Read More about Consideration on Eddy Current Reduction Techniques for Solid Materials Used in Unconventional Magnetic Circuits.

Mid-Complexity Circuital Model of Induction Motor with Rotor Cage: A Numerical Resolution (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Bolognesi, P., Gerada, C., Papini, L., & Marfoli, A. (2018). Mid-Complexity Circuital Model of Induction Motor with Rotor Cage: A Numerical Resolution. In Proceedings 2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (277 - 283). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506685

A general middle complexity model of electromagnetic devices is applied to a cage induction motor. Such modelling approach has been simplified and adapted in order to pursue a fair representation of the electrical machine. Particular attention was gi... Read More about Mid-Complexity Circuital Model of Induction Motor with Rotor Cage: A Numerical Resolution.

An Integrated Method for Three-Phase AC Excitation and High-Frequency Voltage Signal Injection for Sensorless Starting of Aircraft Starter/Generator (2018)
Journal Article
Wei, J., Xu, H., Zhou, B., Zhang, Z., & Gerada, C. (2019). An Integrated Method for Three-Phase AC Excitation and High-Frequency Voltage Signal Injection for Sensorless Starting of Aircraft Starter/Generator. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(7), 5611-5622. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2871795

© 1982-2012 IEEE. This paper proposes an integrated method of three-phase ac excitation and high-frequency voltage signal injection (HFVSI) for sensorless controlled starting of brushless synchronous machines (BSM) used as starter/generator in variab... Read More about An Integrated Method for Three-Phase AC Excitation and High-Frequency Voltage Signal Injection for Sensorless Starting of Aircraft Starter/Generator.

Study of a Silicon Carbide MOSFET Power Module to Establish the Benefits of Adding Anti-parallel Schottky Diodes (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Trentin, A., Hind, D., Degano, M., Tighe, C., Arevalo, S. L., Yang, L., …Packwood, M. (2018). Study of a Silicon Carbide MOSFET Power Module to Establish the Benefits of Adding Anti-parallel Schottky Diodes. In 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) (1829-1836). https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557415

The majority of commercial Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFET based power modules available on the market today also include SiC Schottky diodes placed in anti-parallel with the MOSFETs. Using an accurate electrical and thermal simulation model this paper... Read More about Study of a Silicon Carbide MOSFET Power Module to Establish the Benefits of Adding Anti-parallel Schottky Diodes.

Thermal analysis of fault-tolerant electrical machines for aerospace actuators (2018)
Journal Article
Madonna, V., Giangrande, P., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2019). Thermal analysis of fault-tolerant electrical machines for aerospace actuators. IET Electric Power Applications, 13(7), 843 – 852. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2018.5153

For safety critical applications, electrical machines need to satisfy several constraints, in order to be considered fault-tolerant. In fact, if specific design choices and appropriate control strategies are embraced, fault-tolerant machines can oper... Read More about Thermal analysis of fault-tolerant electrical machines for aerospace actuators.

Improved thermal management and analysis for stator end-windings of electrical machines (2018)
Journal Article
Madonna, V., Walker, A., Giangrande, P., Serra, G., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2019). Improved thermal management and analysis for stator end-windings of electrical machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(7), 5057-5069. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2868288

In electrical machine design, thermal management plays a key role in improving performance and reducing size. End-windings are commonly identified as the machine hot-spot. Hence, lowering and predicting end-windings temperature are crucial tasks in t... Read More about Improved thermal management and analysis for stator end-windings of electrical machines.

Enhanced power sharing transient with droop controllers for multi-three-phase synchronous electrical machines (2018)
Journal Article
Galassini, A., Costabeber, A., Degano, M., Gerada, C., Tessarolo, A., & Menis, R. (2019). Enhanced power sharing transient with droop controllers for multi-three-phase synchronous electrical machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(7), 5600-5610. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2868029

This paper presents a droop-based dis- tributed control strategy for multi-three-phase machines that provides augmented controllability during power shar- ing transients. The proposed strategy is able to mitigate the mutual interactions among differe... Read More about Enhanced power sharing transient with droop controllers for multi-three-phase synchronous electrical machines.

Double Rotor Synchronous Reluctance Machine: Analysis towards Torque Capability (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Al-Ani, M., Mahmoud, H., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2018). Double Rotor Synchronous Reluctance Machine: Analysis towards Torque Capability. In Proceedings: 2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical machines (ICEM) (2144 - 2149). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8506898

© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents a comparative analysis of double rotor synchronous reluctance machines. Different topologies of the proposed machine have been investigated, such as double rotor with double-sided stator and double rotor with single-s... Read More about Double Rotor Synchronous Reluctance Machine: Analysis towards Torque Capability.

Investigation of AC Copper and Iron Losses in High-Speed High-Power Density PMSM (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Al-Timimy, A., Giangrande, P., Degano, M., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2018). Investigation of AC Copper and Iron Losses in High-Speed High-Power Density PMSM. In Proceedings - 2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (263-269). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2018.8507166

This paper presents a detailed investigation of AC copper losses in high-speed high-power density permanent magnet synchronous machine. For parallel strands winding, it is not easy to accurately estimate the AC copper losses using finite element mode... Read More about Investigation of AC Copper and Iron Losses in High-Speed High-Power Density PMSM.

Electrical Machine Rotor Shielding for Low Cost Electrical Drive (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Al-Ani, M., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2018). Electrical Machine Rotor Shielding for Low Cost Electrical Drive. In 2018 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) (38-43). https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC.2018.8450226

Electrical machine rotor shielding has been proposed for high-speed electrical machines, i.e. ≥50krpm, where a smooth current waveform becomes difficult and costly to generate due to the required high switching frequency. The rotor shielding is used... Read More about Electrical Machine Rotor Shielding for Low Cost Electrical Drive.

Mass Production Costing of Induction Machines for Automotive Applications (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Hundak, V., Cox, T., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2018). Mass Production Costing of Induction Machines for Automotive Applications. In 2018 IEEE Transportation and Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) (500-505). https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC.2018.8450116

Cost is one of the key parameters of electric machines designed for automotive applications. In order to keep manufacturing cost low, it is desirable to estimate the manufacturing cost of the machine in the early stages of the design process. For thi... Read More about Mass Production Costing of Induction Machines for Automotive Applications.

Design of an Integrated Inductor for 45kW Aerospace Starter-Generator (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Raza Khowja, M., Gerada, C., Vakil, G., Quadri, S. Q., Wheeler, P., & Patel, C. (2018). Design of an Integrated Inductor for 45kW Aerospace Starter-Generator. In 2018 IEEE Transportation and Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) (570-575). https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC.2018.8450246

A close physical and functional integration of passive components is required to make an efficient and power dense overall system. Such power dense systems are a prerequisite in aerospace and marine applications. This paper presents a design of an in... Read More about Design of an Integrated Inductor for 45kW Aerospace Starter-Generator.

A methodology to remove stator skew in small-medium size synchronous generators via innovative damper cage designs (2018)
Journal Article
Nuzzo, S., Bolognesi, P., Vakil, G., Fallows, D., Gerada, C., Brown, N. L., & Galea, M. (2019). A methodology to remove stator skew in small-medium size synchronous generators via innovative damper cage designs. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(6), 4926-4307. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2864699

This paper proposes and investigates an innovative methodology that can have a significant impact on the market potential of wound field, small-medium size synchronous generators. The technique proposed here is aimed at removing the need for the trad... Read More about A methodology to remove stator skew in small-medium size synchronous generators via innovative damper cage designs.

Development of aircraft electric starter-generator system based-on active rectification technology (2018)
Journal Article
Bozhko, S., Yang, T., Le Peuvedic, J., Arumugam, P., Degano, M., La Rocca, A., …Wheeler, P. (2018). Development of aircraft electric starter-generator system based-on active rectification technology. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 4(4), 985-996. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2018.2863031

More-electric aircraft (MEA) has become a dominant trend for modern aircraft. On-board MEA, many functions, which are conventionally driven by pneumatic and hydraulic power, are replaced with electrical subsystems. Starting aircraft engines with an e... Read More about Development of aircraft electric starter-generator system based-on active rectification technology.

Wide bandgap voltage source inverter design for automotive electric drivetrain (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Savi, F., Buticchi, G., Gerada, C., Wheeler, P., & Barater, D. (in press). Wide bandgap voltage source inverter design for automotive electric drivetrain

In this paper a high power, high frequency voltage source inverter for automotive traction application is reviewed. The main objectives of the design process is the maximization of power density, while keeping high efficiency and low weight. In this... Read More about Wide bandgap voltage source inverter design for automotive electric drivetrain.

Response to Discussion of “A modular speed-drooped system for high reliability integrated modular motor drives” (2018)
Journal Article
Galassini, A., Costabeber, A., Degano, M., Gerada, C., Buticchi, G., & Barater, D. (2018). Response to Discussion of “A modular speed-drooped system for high reliability integrated modular motor drives”. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 54(5), 4994-4995. https://doi.org/10.1109/tia.2018.2858191

Design of a 43kW switched reluctance machine for a high performance hybrid electric vehicle (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Talha, A., Vakil, G., Cox, T., & Gerada, C. (2018). Design of a 43kW switched reluctance machine for a high performance hybrid electric vehicle. In NA

A switched reluctance machine (SRM) is very robust and capable to perform well under harsh conditions. It is simple in construction and avoids the use of magnets so it is cheap to manufacture. The powertrain of a hybrid vehicle presents challenging c... Read More about Design of a 43kW switched reluctance machine for a high performance hybrid electric vehicle.

Dielectric breakdown of alumina thin films produced by pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering (2018)
Journal Article
Hanby, B. V., Stuart, B. W., Grant, C., Moffat, J., Blissett, J., Gerada, C., …Grant, D. M. (2018). Dielectric breakdown of alumina thin films produced by pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering. Thin Solid Films, 662, 145-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2018.07.004

Alumina films (~2 μm thick) were deposited with a mixed Cu/Al interlayer onto copper. Direct current (DC)/Pulsed DC (PDC) magnetron sputtering techniques were independently compared for reactive alumina sputtering. In DC sputtered films, elemental al... Read More about Dielectric breakdown of alumina thin films produced by pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering.

Performance Improvement of Bearingless Multisector PMSM With Optimal Robust Position Control (2018)
Journal Article
Valente, G., Formentini, A., Papini, L., Gerada, C., & Zanchetta, P. (2019). Performance Improvement of Bearingless Multisector PMSM With Optimal Robust Position Control. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 34(4), 3575-3585. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2018.2853038

© 2018 IEEE. Bearingless machines are relatively new devices that consent to suspend and spin the rotor at the same time. They commonly rely on two independent sets of three-phase windings to achieve a decoupled torque and suspension force control. I... Read More about Performance Improvement of Bearingless Multisector PMSM With Optimal Robust Position Control.

A Smart Transformer-Rectifier Unit for the More Electric Aircraft (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Buticchi, G., Gerada, C., Ko, Y. J., & Liserre, M. (2018). A Smart Transformer-Rectifier Unit for the More Electric Aircraft. In Proceedings - 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE) (324-328). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2018.8433784

In the framework of the More Electric Aircraft (MEA), an efficient and flexible power distribution system is of paramount importance. Considering the presence of both AC and DC loads at multiple voltage levels, the distribution system of the most mod... Read More about A Smart Transformer-Rectifier Unit for the More Electric Aircraft.

Space Weather Prediction to Enhance the Reliability of the More Electric Aircraft (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Guo, J., Buticchi, G., & Gerada, C. (2018). Space Weather Prediction to Enhance the Reliability of the More Electric Aircraft. In Proceedings 2018 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE) (445-450). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2018.8433845

Power devices manufacturers know that electronic devices are susceptible to radiation events. Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) coming from space can interact with the earth atmosphere, generating secondary particles (electrons, neutrons, protons) that can... Read More about Space Weather Prediction to Enhance the Reliability of the More Electric Aircraft.

Eccentric reluctance and permanent magnets synchronous machines comparison (2018)
Journal Article
Mahmoud, H., Bianchi, N., Degano, M., Al-Ani, M., & Gerada, C. (2018). Eccentric reluctance and permanent magnets synchronous machines comparison. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 54(6), 5760-5771. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2018.2848278

This paper deals with a comparative study between reluctance (REL), permanent magnet assisted reluctance (PMAREL), and surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines with rotor eccentricity. Static, dynamic, and combined eccentricity cases are... Read More about Eccentric reluctance and permanent magnets synchronous machines comparison.

Novel core designs to miniaturise passive magnetic components (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Walker, A., Vakil, G., & Gerada, C. (2018). Novel core designs to miniaturise passive magnetic components. In NA

Converter sizes are often dominated by passive magnetic components. Passive magnetic component sizes are in turn limited by electromagnetic saturation and thermal limits. This paper covers two modifications to the air gaps of tape wound amorphous mag... Read More about Novel core designs to miniaturise passive magnetic components.

Multi-Physics and Multi-Objective Optimization of a High Speed PMSM for High Performance Applications (2018)
Journal Article
Zhao, W., Wang, X., Gerada, C., Zhang, H., Liu, C., & Wang, Y. (2018). Multi-Physics and Multi-Objective Optimization of a High Speed PMSM for High Performance Applications. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 54(11), Article 8106405. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2018.2835504

© 1965-2012 IEEE. High-speed permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) can provide high power density and high efficiency, which is often highly desirable in high performance applications. A multi-physics optimization program based on the multi-obj... Read More about Multi-Physics and Multi-Objective Optimization of a High Speed PMSM for High Performance Applications.

A Modified Neutral Point Balancing Space Vector Modulation for Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped Converters in High-Speed Drives (2018)
Journal Article
Li, C., Yang, T., Kulsangcharoen, P., Lo Calzo, G., Bozhko, S., Gerada, C., & Wheeler, P. (2018). A Modified Neutral Point Balancing Space Vector Modulation for Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped Converters in High-Speed Drives. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(2), 910-921. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2018.2835372

© 2018 IEEE. This paper describes a high-performance neutral point voltage balancing technique for a neutral point clamped (NPC) converter. Conventional neutral point voltage balancing methods do not function well under low power factor, low pulse ra... Read More about A Modified Neutral Point Balancing Space Vector Modulation for Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped Converters in High-Speed Drives.

Power quality improvement of synchronous generators using an active power filter (2018)
Journal Article
Abu-Jalala, A., Cox, T., Gerada, C., Rashed, M., Hamiti, T., & Brown, N. (2018). Power quality improvement of synchronous generators using an active power filter. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 54(5), 4080-4090. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2018.2828789

Active power filters (APF) are used to improve power quality and are commonly connected in parallel with the load at the point of common coupling (PCC). They are used to compensate for harmonics from nonlinear loads, for reactive power compensation a... Read More about Power quality improvement of synchronous generators using an active power filter.

A novel 24-slots14-poles fractional-slot concentrated winding topology with low space harmonics for electrical machines (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Zhu, S., Cox, T., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2018). A novel 24-slots14-poles fractional-slot concentrated winding topology with low space harmonics for electrical machines. In NA

This paper proposes a novel winding layout for the machines with fractional-slot concentrated windings (FSCW) using a stator shifting concept and non-overlapping windings, with which all the non-working harmonics will be completely cancelled or signi... Read More about A novel 24-slots14-poles fractional-slot concentrated winding topology with low space harmonics for electrical machines.

Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry (2018)
Conference Proceeding
La Rocca, S., Pickering, S., Eastwick, C. N., Gerada, C., & Rönnberg, K. (2018). Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry.

In this paper a typical small low voltage TEFC motor (output power ~10 kW) has been studied using computational fluid dynamics. The complexity of the end winding geometries, often consisting of several insulated copper strands bound together, provide... Read More about Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry.

An advanced modulation scheme emphasising neutral point ripple suppression using predictive control for three-level NPC converters in aircraft electric starter generator applications (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Li, C., Yang, T., Lo Calzo, G., Bozhko, S., Gerada, C., & Wheeler, P. (2018). An advanced modulation scheme emphasising neutral point ripple suppression using predictive control for three-level NPC converters in aircraft electric starter generator applications.

Electrical starter/generator (ESG) system is one of the key innovations of more-electric aircraft initiative. The ESG cranks the engine and accelerates it up to self-sustained speed using electric energy (starter mode) and then runs as a generator to... Read More about An advanced modulation scheme emphasising neutral point ripple suppression using predictive control for three-level NPC converters in aircraft electric starter generator applications.

Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Connor, P., La Rocca, A., Xu, Z., Eastwick, C., Pickering, S., & Gerada, C. (2018). Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings.

A novel experimental rig for analysing intensive liquid cooling of highly power-dense electrical machine components has been developed. Coupled fluid flow and heat transfer has been modelled, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), to inform the de... Read More about Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings.

Design and losses analysis of a high power density machine for flooded pump applications (2018)
Journal Article
Al-Timimy, A., Giangrande, P., Degano, M., Zeyuan, X., Galea, M., Gerada, C., …Xia, L. (2019). Design and losses analysis of a high power density machine for flooded pump applications. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 54(4), 3260-3270. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2018.2821623

This paper describes the design process of a 10 kW 19000 rpm high power density surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine for a directly coupled pump application. In order to meet the required specifications, a compact machine, with coolin... Read More about Design and losses analysis of a high power density machine for flooded pump applications.

Design and testing of electromechanical actuator for aerospace applications (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Papini, L., Connor, P., Patel, C., Empringham, L., Gerada, C., & Wheeler, P. (2018). Design and testing of electromechanical actuator for aerospace applications. In 2018 25th International Workshop on Electric Drives: Optimization in Control of Electric Drives (IWED2018) - Proceedings (1-6). https://doi.org/10.1109/IWED.2018.8321392

Electromechanical actuators are gaining interest in the aerospace industry within the More Electrical Aircraft (MEA) architecture. The end-goal of fully electric aircraft includes Electromechanical actuation for flight control systems. The design and... Read More about Design and testing of electromechanical actuator for aerospace applications.

Influence of rotor endcaps on the electromagnetic performance of high speed PM machine (2018)
Journal Article
Al-Timimy, A., Alani, M., Degano, M., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2018). Influence of rotor endcaps on the electromagnetic performance of high speed PM machine. IET Electric Power Applications, 12(8), 1142–1149. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2017.0811

Surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machines are preferred for high-speed aerospace applications over induction and switched reluctance machines, since they combine the advantages of high torque density and efficiency. Also, in aerospace applicati... Read More about Influence of rotor endcaps on the electromagnetic performance of high speed PM machine.

Synchronous reluctance motor iron losses: considering machine non-linearity at MTPA, FW, and MTPV operating conditions (2018)
Journal Article
Mahmoud, H., Bacco, G., Degano, M., Bianchi, N., & Gerada, C. (2018). Synchronous reluctance motor iron losses: considering machine non-linearity at MTPA, FW, and MTPV operating conditions. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 33(3), 1402-1410. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2018.2811543

Synchronous reluctance machine has high flux density fluctuations in the iron due to the high harmonics results from the rotor anisotropy. Thus, an accurate computation of the iron losses is of paramount importance, especially during the design stage... Read More about Synchronous reluctance motor iron losses: considering machine non-linearity at MTPA, FW, and MTPV operating conditions.

Considerations on the effects that core material machining has on an electrical machine's performance (2018)
Journal Article
Al-Timimy, A., Vakil, G., Degano, M., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2018). Considerations on the effects that core material machining has on an electrical machine's performance. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 33(3), 1154-1163. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2018.2808041

An often-overlooked aspect during the development process of electrical machines, is the validity and accuracy of the machine material properties being used at the design stage. Designers usually consider the data provided by the materials supplier,... Read More about Considerations on the effects that core material machining has on an electrical machine's performance.

Design of a stator for a high-speed turbo-generator with fixed permanent magnet rotor radius and volt-ampere constraints (2018)
Journal Article
Fernando, N., Arumugam, P., & Gerada, C. (2018). Design of a stator for a high-speed turbo-generator with fixed permanent magnet rotor radius and volt-ampere constraints. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 33(3), 1311-1320. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2018.2804955

This paper investigates high-speed surface PM machine design for portable turbo-generator applications. The rotor radius is fixed to achieve certain optimal characteristics of the magnet retention mechanism. The basis of this paper is to design and s... Read More about Design of a stator for a high-speed turbo-generator with fixed permanent magnet rotor radius and volt-ampere constraints.

Thermal analysis of fault-tolerant electrical machines for more electric aircraft applications (2018)
Journal Article
Madonna, V., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2018). Thermal analysis of fault-tolerant electrical machines for more electric aircraft applications. Journal of Engineering, 2018(13), 461-467. https://doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.0040

For safety critical applications, electrical machines need to satisfy several constraints, in order to be considered fault-tolerant. In fact, if specific design choices and appropriate control strategies are adopted, fault-tolerant machines can opera... Read More about Thermal analysis of fault-tolerant electrical machines for more electric aircraft applications.

Space vectors and pseudo inverse matrix methods for the radial force control in bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machines (2018)
Journal Article
Sala, G., Valente, G., Formentini, A., Papini, L., Gerada, D., Zanchetta, P., …Gerada, C. (2018). Space vectors and pseudo inverse matrix methods for the radial force control in bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(9), 6912-6922. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2018.2795590

Two different approaches to characterize the torque and radial force production in a Bearingless Multi-Sector Permanent Magnet (BMSPM) machine are presented in this work. The first method consists of modelling the motor in terms of torque and force p... Read More about Space vectors and pseudo inverse matrix methods for the radial force control in bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machines.

Magnetic field and torque output of packaged hydraulic torque motor (2018)
Journal Article
Yan, L., Duan, Z., Zhang, Q., Niu, S., Dong, Y., & Gerada, C. (2018). Magnetic field and torque output of packaged hydraulic torque motor. Energies, 11(1), https://doi.org/10.3390/en11010134

Hydraulic torque motors are one key component in electro-hydraulic servo valves that convert the electrical signal into mechanical motions. The systematic characteristics analysis of the hydraulic torque motor has not been found in the previous resea... Read More about Magnetic field and torque output of packaged hydraulic torque motor.

Radial force control of Multi-Sector Permanent Magnet machines considering radial rotor displacement (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Valente, G., Papini, L., Formentini, A., Gerada, C., & Zanchetta, P. (2017). Radial force control of Multi-Sector Permanent Magnet machines considering radial rotor displacement. In Proceedings - 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (140-145). https://doi.org/10.1109/WEMDCD.2017.7947737

A mathematical model enabling to predict the electromagnetic x-y forces and torque for a given input current in a Multi-Sector Permanent Magnet Synchronous (MSPMS) machine is presented. The rotor static eccentricity is also accounted and the analytic... Read More about Radial force control of Multi-Sector Permanent Magnet machines considering radial rotor displacement.

Position control study of a bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machine (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Valente, G., Formentini, A., Papini, L., Zanchetta, P., & Gerada, C. (2017). Position control study of a bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machine. In Proceedings IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (8808-8813). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2017.8217548

Bearingless motors combine in the same structure the characteristics of conventional motors and magnetic bearings. Traditional bearingless machines rely on two independent sets of winding for suspension force and torque production, respectively. The... Read More about Position control study of a bearingless multi-sector permanent magnet machine.

A semi-flooded cooling for a high speed machine: Concept, design and practice of an oil sleeve (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Xu, Z., La Rocca, A., Arumugam, P., Pickering, S. J., Gerada, C., Bozhko, S., …Zhang, H. (2017). A semi-flooded cooling for a high speed machine: Concept, design and practice of an oil sleeve. In Proceedings IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (8557-8562). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2017.8217503

This paper proposes a semi-flooded cooling concept for a high speed machine design. The electrical machine considered is for an aircraft starter-generator system where power density and efficiency are crucial. In order to achieve the high power densi... Read More about A semi-flooded cooling for a high speed machine: Concept, design and practice of an oil sleeve.

Radial force control of multi-sector permanent magnet machines for vibration suppression (2017)
Journal Article
Valente, G., Papini, L., Formentini, A., Gerada, C., & Zanchetta, P. (2018). Radial force control of multi-sector permanent magnet machines for vibration suppression. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(7), 5395-5405. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2780039

Radial force control in electrical machines has been widely investigated for a variety of bearingless machines, as well as for the conventional structures featuring mechanical bearings. This paper takes advantage of the spatial distribution of the wi... Read More about Radial force control of multi-sector permanent magnet machines for vibration suppression.

Multi-domain optimization of high power-density PM electrical machines for system architecture selection (2017)
Journal Article
Golovanov, D., Papini, L., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., & Gerada, C. (2018). Multi-domain optimization of high power-density PM electrical machines for system architecture selection. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(7), 5302-5312. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2772188

The power density of electrical machines for transport applications has become a critical aspect and target of optimization. This paper looks at the development of an intelligent, rapid, flexible, and multidomain tool to aid for system-level optimiza... Read More about Multi-domain optimization of high power-density PM electrical machines for system architecture selection.

A Novel Space Vector Modulation Technique For Three Level NPC Converters Within Aircraft Starter Generator Systems (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Li, C., Lo Calzo, G., Bozhko, S., Gerada, C., Wheeler, P., & Yang, T. (2017). A Novel Space Vector Modulation Technique For Three Level NPC Converters Within Aircraft Starter Generator Systems

The neutral point voltage balancing issue for three level Neutral point clamped (NPC) converter has been extensively investigated recently. Different solutions to balance the neutral point have been proposed. However the proposed solutions so far eit... Read More about A Novel Space Vector Modulation Technique For Three Level NPC Converters Within Aircraft Starter Generator Systems.

Performance improvement of simplified synchronous generators using an active power filter (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Abu-Jalala, A., Cox, T., Gerada, C., & Rashed, M. (2017). Performance improvement of simplified synchronous generators using an active power filter.

Active power filters (APF) are used to improve power quality and are commonly connected in parallel with the load at the point of common coupling (PCC). They are used to compensate for harmonics from nonlinear loads, for reactive power compensation a... Read More about Performance improvement of simplified synchronous generators using an active power filter.

A system level comparison of drive topologies for high speed electrical machines (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Savi, F., Barater, D., Di Nardo, M., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2017). A system level comparison of drive topologies for high speed electrical machines.

This paper presents a comprehensive comparative study among five different converter topologies all designed to drive a 8.5kW-120krpm surface permanent magnet synchronous machine. The study aims at comparing the considered systems in terms of convert... Read More about A system level comparison of drive topologies for high speed electrical machines.

Speed control with load sharing capabilities for multi-three phase synchronous motors (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Galassini, A., Costabeber, A., Gerada, C., Tessarolo, A., & Menis, R. (2017). Speed control with load sharing capabilities for multi-three phase synchronous motors. In Proceedings IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (4408-4413). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2017.8216758

The on-going electrification transportation system revolution has already started and the continuous evolution of power electronics allows new and more reliable system layouts and control strategies to be investigated. Mainly, this revolution is driv... Read More about Speed control with load sharing capabilities for multi-three phase synchronous motors.

A two degrees of freedom system for wheel traction applications (2017)
Journal Article
Roggia, S., Cupertino, F., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2018). A two degrees of freedom system for wheel traction applications. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(6), 4483-4491. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2767554

In this paper, the use of conical induction machines is proposed for an in-wheel traction application. Such machines offer a rotational movement combined with a translational motion of the rotor. The horizontal movement is essential when active engag... Read More about A two degrees of freedom system for wheel traction applications.

Axial eccentric SynRel and SPM motors analytical models validation using 3D finite element (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Mahmoud, H., Al-Timimy, A., Degano, M., Di Nardo, M., Bianchi, N., & Gerada, C. (2017). Axial eccentric SynRel and SPM motors analytical models validation using 3D finite element. In Proceedings of the 2017 - IEEE 11th International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives, SDEMPED 2017 (38-44). https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2017.8062331

This paper deals with the uniform and non-uniform axial eccentricity analyses of the surface mounted permanent magnet and synchronous reluctance machines. The analyses are carried out using an analytical model for each considered machine. Being the a... Read More about Axial eccentric SynRel and SPM motors analytical models validation using 3D finite element.

Comparative study and optimal design of alternative PM configuration transverse flux linear machine (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Zhu, S., Cox, T., Gerada, C., & Xu, Z. (in press). Comparative study and optimal design of alternative PM configuration transverse flux linear machine.

This paper presents the comparative study and optimal design of a transverse flux linear machine with different PM configurations, viz. surface-mounted and consequent-pole, in which the consequent-pole version is firstly proposed. Firstly, the effect... Read More about Comparative study and optimal design of alternative PM configuration transverse flux linear machine.

Distributed speed control for multi-three phase electrical motors with improved power sharing capability (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Galassini, A., Costabeber, A., Gerada, C., & Tessarolo, A. (2017). Distributed speed control for multi-three phase electrical motors with improved power sharing capability.

This paper proposes a distributed speed control with improved power sharing capability for multi-three phase synchronous machines. This control technique allows the speed to be precisely regulated during power sharing transients among different drive... Read More about Distributed speed control for multi-three phase electrical motors with improved power sharing capability.

Comparative study of novel tubular flux-reversal transverse flux permanent magnet linear machine (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Zhu, S., Cox, T., & Gerada, C. (2017). Comparative study of novel tubular flux-reversal transverse flux permanent magnet linear machine.

This paper presents a novel tubular flux-reversal transverse flux permanent magnet linear machine (FR-TFPMLM), in which both magnet and armature winding are located at the short primary side whereas the secondary side is composed of only magnetic ste... Read More about Comparative study of novel tubular flux-reversal transverse flux permanent magnet linear machine.

Design optimization of a high-speed synchronous reluctance machine (2017)
Journal Article
Di Nardo, M., Lo Calzo, G., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2018). Design optimization of a high-speed synchronous reluctance machine. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 54(1), 233-243. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2017.2758759

Synchronous reluctance machines, including the per¬manent magnet assisted variants are competitive motor topologies if the application requires high efficiency and a cost effective solution with a high flux weakening capability. However, increas¬ing... Read More about Design optimization of a high-speed synchronous reluctance machine.

Analysis, modelling and design considerations for the excitation systems of synchronous generators (2017)
Journal Article
Nuzzo, S., Galea, M., Gerada, C., & Brown, N. (2018). Analysis, modelling and design considerations for the excitation systems of synchronous generators. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(4), 2996-3007. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2756592

The traditional generating set is usually comprised of a classical, wound-field, salient-pole or cylindrical rotor synchronous generator, excited by a separate smaller machine, via a rotating, uncontrolled diode rectifier. The effects of the commutat... Read More about Analysis, modelling and design considerations for the excitation systems of synchronous generators.

The Third Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control, and Diagnosis: continuing the success, ensuring the quality (2017)
Journal Article
Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2017). The Third Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control, and Diagnosis: continuing the success, ensuring the quality. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, 11(3), 54-55. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2017.2726241

Use of optical fibres for multi-parameter monitoringin electrical AC machines (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Hind, D. M., Gerada, C., Galea, M., Borg Bartalo, J., Fabian, M., Sun, T., & Grattan, K. T. (2017). Use of optical fibres for multi-parameter monitoringin electrical AC machines.

This paper describes a new approach to multi-parameter monitoring for electrical AC machines. It is demonstrated that speed, torque and temperature can be measured using optical fibres incorporating sensors in the form of fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs)... Read More about Use of optical fibres for multi-parameter monitoringin electrical AC machines.

Thermal investigation on HSPM with new alloy sleeve (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Zhang, X., Li, W., Zhang, H., Gerada, C., Gerada, D., & Li, J. (2017). Thermal investigation on HSPM with new alloy sleeve. . https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMS.2017.8056423

This paper presents a developed copper-iron alloy which made as the rotor sleeve in a high speed permanent magnetic machine (HSPMG), whist investigating its benefits in improve machine thermal performance. The features of the new alloy is experimenta... Read More about Thermal investigation on HSPM with new alloy sleeve.

Holistic electrical machine optimization for system integration (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Gerada, D., Golovanov, D., Xu, Z., Papini, L., Degano, M., Zhang, H., & Gerada, C. (2017). Holistic electrical machine optimization for system integration. In 2017 IEEE 3rd International Future Energy Electronics Conference and ECCE Asia (IFEEC 2017 - ECCE Asia) (980-985). https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2017.7992174

The power density of electrical machines required for transport applications has become a critical aspect and target of optimization. This paper looks at the development aspects of a multi-domain tool to aid for system-level optimization of electrica... Read More about Holistic electrical machine optimization for system integration.

A new method for determining the magnetic properties of solid materials employed in unconventional magnetic circuits (2017)
Journal Article
Mohammed, A., Cox, T., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (in press). A new method for determining the magnetic properties of solid materials employed in unconventional magnetic circuits. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2587859

The mechanical and thermal properties of common, solid (non-laminated) ferromagnetic materials are widely available, but the electro-magnetic characteristics of such solid materials are often undefined. Existing characterization procedures such as th... Read More about A new method for determining the magnetic properties of solid materials employed in unconventional magnetic circuits.

Speed control for multi-three phase synchronous electrical motors in fault condition (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Galassini, A., Costabeber, A., & Gerada, C. (2017). Speed control for multi-three phase synchronous electrical motors in fault condition.

The growth of electrification transportation systems is an opportunity for delving into new feasible solutions for more reliable and fault tolerant arrangements. So far, many investigations distant from the market have been carried out. Most of the w... Read More about Speed control for multi-three phase synchronous electrical motors in fault condition.

Axial position estimation of conical shaped motors for aerospace traction applications (2017)
Journal Article
Roggia, S., Cupertino, F., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2017). Axial position estimation of conical shaped motors for aerospace traction applications. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 53(6), 5405-5414. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2017.2717911

This paper is concerned with the use of conical induction machines. Such machines are extremely valuable when apart from the rotational torque output, an axial translation of the rotor is also required. The inherent attraction between the stator and... Read More about Axial position estimation of conical shaped motors for aerospace traction applications.

Enhancing electromagnetic launch capability: design of a small launch system for large UAVs (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Cox, T., Yang, T., & Gerada, C. (2017). Enhancing electromagnetic launch capability: design of a small launch system for large UAVs.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) play a critical and increasing role in modern combat, giving significantly enhanced surveillance, communication and strike capabilities. There are currently a large range of UAV’s available, but in general the more cap... Read More about Enhancing electromagnetic launch capability: design of a small launch system for large UAVs.

uCube: Control platform for power electronics (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Galassini, A., Lo Calzo, G., Formentini, A., Gerada, C., Zanchetta, P., & Costabeber, A. (2017). uCube: Control platform for power electronics. In Proceedings - 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (216-221). https://doi.org/10.1109/WEMDCD.2017.7947749

This paper presents a versatile tool for development, control and testing of power electronics converters. In the last decade, many different expensive off-the-shelf tools for rapid prototyping and testing have been developed and commercialised by fe... Read More about uCube: Control platform for power electronics.

Design optimization of integrated rotor-less inductors for high-speed AC drive applications (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Raza Khowja, M., Gerada, C., Vakil, G., Patel, C., & Wheeler, P. (in press). Design optimization of integrated rotor-less inductors for high-speed AC drive applications. In 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (69-74)

Discrete sub-system due to passive elements in motor drive require functional and structural integration to make efficient and power dense overall system. Such power dense system is the prerequisite in aerospace and marine applications. This paper pr... Read More about Design optimization of integrated rotor-less inductors for high-speed AC drive applications.

Sensitivity analysis for performance and power density improvements in salient-pole synchronous generators (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Wang, Y., Vakil, G., Nuzzo, S., Degano, M., Galea, M., Gerada, C., …Brown, N. (2017). Sensitivity analysis for performance and power density improvements in salient-pole synchronous generators. In Proceedings - 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (163-168). https://doi.org/10.1109/WEMDCD.2017.7947741

Objective of this paper is to provide design recommendations to improve the performance and power density of a 400kVA salient-pole synchronous generator, without exceeding the limitations due to critical parameters such as total harmonic distortion o... Read More about Sensitivity analysis for performance and power density improvements in salient-pole synchronous generators.

Analysis of salient-pole synchronous generators operating in single-phase condition (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Spagnolo, C., Nuzzo, S., Serra, G., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2017). Analysis of salient-pole synchronous generators operating in single-phase condition. In 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (33-38). https://doi.org/10.1109/WEMDCD.2017.7947720

The power generation industry has recently started to invest interest and focus on the single-phase operation of traditional three-phase, wound-field, synchronous generators. This is partially due to a combination of customer requirements and the nee... Read More about Analysis of salient-pole synchronous generators operating in single-phase condition.

Comparative study of permanent magnet-synchronous and permanent magnet-flux switching machines for high torque to inertia applications (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Al-Timimy, A., Giangrande, P., Degano, M., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2017). Comparative study of permanent magnet-synchronous and permanent magnet-flux switching machines for high torque to inertia applications. In Proceedings - 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD) (45-51). https://doi.org/10.1109/WEMDCD.2017.7947722

This paper investigates the capability of both permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) and permanent magnet flux switching (PMFS) machine to provide high torque to inertia ratio for applications with demanding response in terms of acceleration an... Read More about Comparative study of permanent magnet-synchronous and permanent magnet-flux switching machines for high torque to inertia applications.

Design optimization of a short-term duty electrical machine for extreme environment (2017)
Journal Article
Arumugam, P., Amankwah, E. K., Walker, A., & Gerada, C. (2017). Design optimization of a short-term duty electrical machine for extreme environment. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(12), 9784-9794. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2711555

This paper presents design optimisation of a short term duty electrical machine for extreme environments of high temperature and high altitudes. For such extreme environmental conditions of above 80⁰C and altitudes of 30km, thermal loading limits are... Read More about Design optimization of a short-term duty electrical machine for extreme environment.

Power Loss and Thermal Analysis of a MW High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (2017)
Journal Article
Zhang, Y., McLoone, S., Cao, W., Qiu, F., & Gerada, C. (2017). Power Loss and Thermal Analysis of a MW High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 32(4), 1468-1478. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2017.2710159

© 1986-2012 IEEE. High-speed permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) have attracted much attention due to their high power density, high efficiency, and compact size for direct-drive applications. However, the consequent power loss density is h... Read More about Power Loss and Thermal Analysis of a MW High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine.

A fractional slot multiphase air-core compulsator with concentrated winding (2017)
Journal Article
Zhao, W., Wu, S., Cui, S., Gerada, C., Zhang, H., & Xu, Z. (2017). A fractional slot multiphase air-core compulsator with concentrated winding. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 45(7), 1387-1393. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2017.2705243

Compulsator is a specially designed generator capa¬ble of delivering high current pulses to a low-impedance load, such as the electromagnetic railgun. In order to increase the tip speed of the rotor, advanced composite materials have been used in the... Read More about A fractional slot multiphase air-core compulsator with concentrated winding.

Design optimization of integrated rotational inductor for high-speed AC drive applications (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Khowja, M. R., Gerada, C., Vakil, G., Patel, C., & Wheeler, P. (2017). Design optimization of integrated rotational inductor for high-speed AC drive applications.

In order to make an efficient and power dense overall system, a close physical and functional integration of passive components is required instead of having a separate sub¬system for passives. Such power dense system is vital in aerospace and marine... Read More about Design optimization of integrated rotational inductor for high-speed AC drive applications.

A hybrid analytical-numerical approach for the analysis of salient-pole synchronous generators with a symmetrical damper cage (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Nuzzo, S., Bolognesi, P., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2017). A hybrid analytical-numerical approach for the analysis of salient-pole synchronous generators with a symmetrical damper cage.

The equivalent circuit approach has been widely exploited for the theoretical analysis of electromagnetic devices. However, in the field of classical wound-field synchronous generators, the presence of the damper cage complicates the analysis of such... Read More about A hybrid analytical-numerical approach for the analysis of salient-pole synchronous generators with a symmetrical damper cage.

Realising robust low speed sensorless PMSM control using current derivatives obtained from standard current sensors (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Hind, D., Li, C., Sumner, M., & Gerada, C. (2017). Realising robust low speed sensorless PMSM control using current derivatives obtained from standard current sensors.

This paper describes the implementation of a simple, robust and cost-effective sensorless control technique for PMSM machines. The method uses stator current derivative measurements made in response to certain PWM vectors. In this work the derivative... Read More about Realising robust low speed sensorless PMSM control using current derivatives obtained from standard current sensors.

Self-excitation and energy recovery of air-core compulsators (2017)
Journal Article
Zhao, W., Wu, S., Cui, S., Gerada, C., Zhang, H., & Xu, Z. (2017). Self-excitation and energy recovery of air-core compulsators. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 45(7), 1168-1174. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2017.2700027

As power supplies, compulsators are popular choices for high-end railgun power supplies. In order to increase power and energy density, air-core compulsators are proposed by using composite materials instead of traditional iron-core compulsators. Due... Read More about Self-excitation and energy recovery of air-core compulsators.

Design and control of segmented triple three-phase SPM machines for fault tolerant drives (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Sala, G., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Tani, A. (2017). Design and control of segmented triple three-phase SPM machines for fault tolerant drives.

A new multiphase Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) machine design is investigated in this paper. The machine has a nine-phase winding arranged in three sectors and supplied by three different Voltage Source Inverters (VSI). Stator segmentation between t... Read More about Design and control of segmented triple three-phase SPM machines for fault tolerant drives.

Radial force control for triple three-phase sectored SPM machines. Part I: Machine model (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Sala, G., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Tani, A. (2017). Radial force control for triple three-phase sectored SPM machines. Part I: Machine model.

The radial force control technique for a triple three-phase Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) machine is investigated in this paper. The machine has a nine-phase winding arranged in three sectors and supplied by three different Voltage Source Inverters... Read More about Radial force control for triple three-phase sectored SPM machines. Part I: Machine model.

Radial force control for triple three-phase sectored SPM machines. Part II: Open winding fault tolerant control (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Sala, G., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Tani, A. (2017). Radial force control for triple three-phase sectored SPM machines. Part II: Open winding fault tolerant control.

A new advanced fault tolerant control technique for a triple three-phase Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) machine is investigated in this paper. The machine has a nine-phase winding arranged in three sectors and supplied by three different Voltage Sour... Read More about Radial force control for triple three-phase sectored SPM machines. Part II: Open winding fault tolerant control.

A fast method for modelling skew and its effects in salient-pole synchronous generators (2017)
Journal Article
Nuzzo, S., Galea, M., Gerada, C., & Brown, N. (in press). A fast method for modelling skew and its effects in salient-pole synchronous generators. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(10), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2694378

The general effects of implementing skewing techniques in electrical machines are well known and have been extensively studied over the years. An important aspect of such techniques is related to the identification of optimal methods for analyzing an... Read More about A fast method for modelling skew and its effects in salient-pole synchronous generators.

Analytical thermal model for fast stator winding temperature prediction (2017)
Journal Article
Sciascera, C., Giangrande, P., Papini, L., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2017). Analytical thermal model for fast stator winding temperature prediction. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(8), 6116-6126. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2682010

This paper introduces an innovative thermal modelling technique which accurately predicts the winding temperature of electrical machines, both at transient and steady state conditions, for applications where the stator Joule losses are the dominant h... Read More about Analytical thermal model for fast stator winding temperature prediction.

High specific torque motor for propulsion system of aircraft (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Golovanov, D., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2017). High specific torque motor for propulsion system of aircraft. In 2016 International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC) (1-6). https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS-ITEC.2016.7841405

This paper proposes an analytical model that considers the torque characteristics for high specific torque synchronous machine with outer rotor and a Halbach permanent magnet array. The distribution of the magnetic field in the air gap is obtained wi... Read More about High specific torque motor for propulsion system of aircraft.

CQICO and multiobjective thermal optimization for high-speed PM generator (2017)
Journal Article
Zhang, X., Li, W., Gerada, C., Zhang, H., Li, J., Galea, M., …Cao, J. (2017). CQICO and multiobjective thermal optimization for high-speed PM generator. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 53(6), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2017.2658187

This paper proposes a novel Continuous Quantum Immune Clonal Optimization (CQICO) algorithm for thermal optimization on an 117kW high speed permanent magnet generator (HSPMG). The proposed algorithm mixes the Quantum Computation into the Immune Cloni... Read More about CQICO and multiobjective thermal optimization for high-speed PM generator.

Controlling DC permeability in cast steels (2017)
Journal Article
Sumner, A., Gerada, C., Brown, N., & Clare, A. (2017). Controlling DC permeability in cast steels. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 429, 79-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.12.137

Annealing (at multiple cooling rates) and quenching (with tempering) was performed on specimens of cast steel of varying composition. The aim was to devise a method for selecting the steel with the highest permeability, from any given range of steels... Read More about Controlling DC permeability in cast steels.

Axial position estimation of conical shaped motor for green taxiing application (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Roggia, S., Galea, M., Gerada, C., & Cupertino, F. (2016). Axial position estimation of conical shaped motor for green taxiing application. In 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Proceedings (1-6). https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2016.7854895

This paper considers the possibility of adopting a conical shaped motor for Green Taxiing (GT) application. This topology of motor has been selected in order to obviate the presence of external declutching system (i.e. mechanical or electromagnetic c... Read More about Axial position estimation of conical shaped motor for green taxiing application.

Active Magnetic Bearing system design featuring a predictive current control (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Papini, L., Tarisciotti, L., Costabeber, A., Gerada, C., & Wheeler, P. (2016). Active Magnetic Bearing system design featuring a predictive current control. In IECON 2016 Proceedings - 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (3217-3222). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2016.7793444

Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) technology is becoming attractive for several reasons such as high speed operations, high reliability and vibrations exemption. Moreover, AMB can behave as active vibration dampers and provide a real-time control of the... Read More about Active Magnetic Bearing system design featuring a predictive current control.

History and recent advancements of electric propulsion and integrated electrical power systems for commercial & naval vessels (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Yang, T., Cox, T., Degano, M., Bozhko, S., & Gerada, C. (2016). History and recent advancements of electric propulsion and integrated electrical power systems for commercial & naval vessels.

Due to developments in power electronics, electric machines, energy storage and control, electric propulsion and integrated electrical power systems have become major trends for commercial and naval vessels. This is mainly due to the fact that the us... Read More about History and recent advancements of electric propulsion and integrated electrical power systems for commercial & naval vessels.

Multistress characterization of fault mechanisms in aerospace electric actuators (2016)
Journal Article
Barater, D., Immovilli, F., Soldati, A., Buticchi, G., Franceschini, G., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (in press). Multistress characterization of fault mechanisms in aerospace electric actuators. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 53(2), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2016.2633948

The concept behind the More Electric Aircraft (MEA) is the progressive electrification of on-board actuators and services. It is a way to reduce or eliminate the dependence on hydraulic, mechanical and the bleed air/pneumatic systems and pursue effic... Read More about Multistress characterization of fault mechanisms in aerospace electric actuators.

Lifetime consumption and degradation analysis of the winding insulation of electrical machines (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Sciascera, C., Galea, M., Giangrande, P., & Gerada, C. (in press). Lifetime consumption and degradation analysis of the winding insulation of electrical machines.

In this paper, a novel multi-stress model which estimates the lifetime of the winding insulation relative to its duty cycle is proposed and investigated. With an adequate implementation of this model, then an electrical machine can be designed not on... Read More about Lifetime consumption and degradation analysis of the winding insulation of electrical machines.

Assessment of cooling methods for increased power density in electrical machines (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Tighe, C., Gerada, C., & Pickering, S. (in press). Assessment of cooling methods for increased power density in electrical machines.

A comprehensive thermal analysis of three different electrical machines is presented, with a view of identifying design aspects that can be exploited to achieve higher power density. A review of some novel cooling methods is initially made. Following... Read More about Assessment of cooling methods for increased power density in electrical machines.

Development and design of a high performance traction machine for the FreedomCar 2020 traction machine targets (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Walker, A., Galea, M., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., Mebraki, A., & Brown, N. (2016). Development and design of a high performance traction machine for the FreedomCar 2020 traction machine targets. In Proceedings - 2016 XXII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (1611-1617). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2016.7732739

This paper details the design process of a high performance electrical machine with the objective of achieving US Department of Energy FreedomCar 2020 targets, namely meeting the high speed efficiency requirement without sacrificing performance elsew... Read More about Development and design of a high performance traction machine for the FreedomCar 2020 traction machine targets.

Novel integrative options for passive filter inductor in high speed AC drives (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Raza Khowja, M., Gerada, C., Vakil, G., Wheeler, P., & Patel, C. (2016). Novel integrative options for passive filter inductor in high speed AC drives. In IECON 2016 - 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2016.7793661

This paper presents novel integration options for passive inductor which include: motor-shaped rotational and motor-shaped rotor-less inductor for high speed motor drive system. The novel options have been designed and their performance is compared w... Read More about Novel integrative options for passive filter inductor in high speed AC drives.

High speed drives review: machines, converters and applications (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Abebe, R., Di Nardo, M., Gerada, D., Lo Calzo, G., Papini, L., & Gerada, C. (2016). High speed drives review: machines, converters and applications.

The development of new power electronic device and high performance magnetic materials are the main technological factors that have led both industries and research community to focus their attention on high speed electrical drives. Several papers ha... Read More about High speed drives review: machines, converters and applications.

Trade-off analysis and design of a high power density PM machine for flooded industrial pump (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Al-Timimy, A., Degano, M., Xu, Z., Lo Calzo, G., Giangrande, P., Galea, M., …Zhang, H. (2016). Trade-off analysis and design of a high power density PM machine for flooded industrial pump.

This paper presents the trade-off analysis and design of a high power-density machine for industrial pump applications. The developed permanent magnet synchronous machine drives an electric, oil flooded pump. Different slot/pole combination and windi... Read More about Trade-off analysis and design of a high power density PM machine for flooded industrial pump.

Improved damper cage design for salient-pole synchronous generators (2016)
Journal Article
Nuzzo, S., Degano, M., Galea, M., Gerada, C., Gerada, D., & Brown, N. (2017). Improved damper cage design for salient-pole synchronous generators. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(3), 1958-1970. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2619321

© 2016 IEEE. The benefits of implementing a damper winding in salient-pole synchronous generators are widely known and well consolidated. It is also well known that such a winding incurs extra losses in the machine due to a number of reasons. In orde... Read More about Improved damper cage design for salient-pole synchronous generators.

Design and initial testing of a high speed 45 kW switched reluctance drive for aerospace application (2016)
Journal Article
Bartolo, J. B., Degano, M., Espina, J., & Gerada, C. (2017). Design and initial testing of a high speed 45 kW switched reluctance drive for aerospace application. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(2), 988-997. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2618342

This paper presents innovative research towards the development of a 45 kW high speed switched reluctance drive as an alternative starter-generator for future aero-engines. To perform such a function the machine had to be designed with a very wide co... Read More about Design and initial testing of a high speed 45 kW switched reluctance drive for aerospace application.

2-D analytical model for dual-stator machines with permanent magnets (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Golovanov, D., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2016). 2-D analytical model for dual-stator machines with permanent magnets.

This paper proposes an analytical model that considers the torque characteristics and results in an optimum geometry for dual-stator synchronous machines with permanent magnets. The distribution of the magnetic field in the air gap is obtained by sol... Read More about 2-D analytical model for dual-stator machines with permanent magnets.

Design optimization of Halbach array permanent magnet motor to achieve sensorless performance using genetic algorithm (2016)
Journal Article
Caner, M., Gerada, C., Asher, G., & Özer, T. (2016). Design optimization of Halbach array permanent magnet motor to achieve sensorless performance using genetic algorithm. COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 35(5), https://doi.org/10.1108/COMPEL-06-2015-0218

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate Halbach array effects in surface mounted permanent magnet machine (SMPM) in terms of both self-sensing and torque capabilities. A comparison between a conventional SMPM, which has radially magnet... Read More about Design optimization of Halbach array permanent magnet motor to achieve sensorless performance using genetic algorithm.

Stator and rotor vent modelling in a MVA rated synchronous machine (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Connor, P. H., Eastwick, C., Pickering, S. J., Gerada, C., & Rolston, R. (2016). Stator and rotor vent modelling in a MVA rated synchronous machine. In 2016 XXII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) (571-577). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2016.7732583

An investigation into the solution dependence of a conjugate heat transfer computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a synchronous generator, with respect to meshing, has been carried out. Utilising CFD as a tool for investigating the airflow and t... Read More about Stator and rotor vent modelling in a MVA rated synchronous machine.

Short term duty electrical machines (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Arumugam, P., & Gerada, C. (2016). Short term duty electrical machines.

This paper presents a design of a short term duty electrical machine working in an extreme environment consisting of 80oC ambient temperature and altitudes of over 30,000m. Higher power density is a key factor in the design wherein the machine’s oper... Read More about Short term duty electrical machines.

Structural design optimization of a high speed synchronous reluctance machine (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Di Nardo, M., Lo Calzo, G., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2016). Structural design optimization of a high speed synchronous reluctance machine.

Synchronous reluctance machines, including the permanent magnet assisted variants are competitive motor topologies if the application requires high efficiency and a cost effective solution with a high flux weakening capability. However, increasing sp... Read More about Structural design optimization of a high speed synchronous reluctance machine.

Distributed current control for multi-three phase synchronous machines in fault conditions (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Galassini, A., Costabeber, A., Degano, M., Gerada, C., Tessarolo, A., & Castellan, S. (2016). Distributed current control for multi-three phase synchronous machines in fault conditions.

Among challenges and requirements of on-going electrification process and future transportation systems there is demand for arrangements with both increased fault tolerance and reliability. Next aerospace, power-train and automotive systems exploitin... Read More about Distributed current control for multi-three phase synchronous machines in fault conditions.

Thermal management of a permanent magnet motor for an directly coupled pump (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Xu, Z., Al-Timimy, A., Degano, M., Giangrande, P., Lo Calzo, G., Zhang, H., …Gerada, C. (2016). Thermal management of a permanent magnet motor for an directly coupled pump.

A high speed permanent magnet motor is designed for a flooded industrial pump. Oil in the pump is used to cool the motor. Due to the limitation of space and mass requirement for the application, thermal management is one of the main challenges. This... Read More about Thermal management of a permanent magnet motor for an directly coupled pump.

Design and optimization of a high power density machine for flooded industrial pump (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Al-Timimy, A., Degano, M., Giangrande, P., Lo Calzo, G., Xu, Z., Galea, M., …Xia, L. (2016). Design and optimization of a high power density machine for flooded industrial pump.

This paper presents the design optimization procedure of a high power-density, permanent magnet synchronous machine for industrial pump applications. The designed machine drives an electric, oil flooded pump. In order to achieve higher torque-density... Read More about Design and optimization of a high power density machine for flooded industrial pump.

Radial force control of multi-sector permanent magnet machines (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Valente, G., Papini, L., Formentini, A., Gerada, C., & Zanchetta, P. (2016). Radial force control of multi-sector permanent magnet machines.

The paper presents an alternative radial force control technique for a Multi-Sector Permanent Magnet machine (MSPM). Radial force control has been widely investigated for a variety of bearingless machines and can be also applied to conventional PMSM... Read More about Radial force control of multi-sector permanent magnet machines.

High-Speed Solid Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines: Concept and Design (2016)
Journal Article
Arumugam, P., Xu, Z., La Rocca, A., Vakil, G., Dickinson, M., Amankwah, E. K., …Pickering, S. (2016). High-Speed Solid Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines: Concept and Design. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2(3), 391-400. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2016.2592684

© 2015 IEEE. This paper proposes a novel solid rotor topology for an interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine, adopted in this case for an aircraft starter-generator design. The key challenge in the design is to satisfy two operating conditions that a... Read More about High-Speed Solid Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines: Concept and Design.

A modular speed-drooped system for high reliability integrated modular motor drives (2016)
Journal Article
Galassini, A., Costabeber, A., Gerada, C., Buticchi, G., & Barater, D. (2016). A modular speed-drooped system for high reliability integrated modular motor drives. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 52(4), 3124-3132. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2016.2540608

Future transportation challenges include a considerable reduction in pollutant emissions at a time when significant increase in demand is predicted. One of the enabling solutions is the electrification of transport systems as this should lead to impr... Read More about A modular speed-drooped system for high reliability integrated modular motor drives.

Impact of Soft Magnetic Material on Design of High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Machines (2016)
Journal Article
Fernando, N., Vakil, G., Arumugam, P., Amankwah, E. K., Gerada, C., & Bozhko, S. (2017). Impact of Soft Magnetic Material on Design of High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(3), 2415-2423. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2587815

© 2016 IEEE. This paper investigates the effect of two soft magnetic materials on a high-speed machine design, namely, 6.5% silicon steel and cobalt-iron alloy. The effect of design parameters on the machine performance as an aircraft starter-generat... Read More about Impact of Soft Magnetic Material on Design of High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Machines.

Non-linear circuit based model of PMSM under inter-turn fault: a simple approach based on healthy machine data (2016)
Journal Article
Belguerras, L., Arellano-Padilla, J., Arumugam, P., Hamiti, T., Mezani, S., & Gerada, C. (in press). Non-linear circuit based model of PMSM under inter-turn fault: a simple approach based on healthy machine data. IET Electric Power Applications, 10(6), https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2015.0443

The paper proposes a fast dynamic mathematical model to evaluate the performances of saturated permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) under stator winding’s inter turn fault. The parameters of the model can be determined using only manufacturer... Read More about Non-linear circuit based model of PMSM under inter-turn fault: a simple approach based on healthy machine data.

The importance of considering pushback time and arrivals when routing departures on the ground at airports (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Stergianos, C., Atkin, J., Schittekat, P., Nordlander, T. E., Gerada, C., & Morvan, H. (in press). The importance of considering pushback time and arrivals when routing departures on the ground at airports.

With the constant increase in air traffic, airports are facing capacity problems. Many airports are increasingly interested in utilising optimisation methods for specific airport processes. However, many such processes do happen in parallel, and maxi... Read More about The importance of considering pushback time and arrivals when routing departures on the ground at airports.

Model predictive control for a dual active bridge inverter with a floating bridge (2016)
Journal Article
Chowdhury, S., Wheeler, P., Gerada, C., & Patel, C. (2016). Model predictive control for a dual active bridge inverter with a floating bridge. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(9), 5558-5568. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2564949

This paper presents a Model Predictive Control technique applied to a dual active bridge inverter where one of the bridges is floating. The proposed floating bridge topology eliminates the need for isolation transformer in a dual inverter system and... Read More about Model predictive control for a dual active bridge inverter with a floating bridge.

A multi-level converter with a floating bridge for open-ended winding motor drive applications (2016)
Journal Article
Chowdhury, S., Wheeler, P., Patel, C., & Gerada, C. (2016). A multi-level converter with a floating bridge for open-ended winding motor drive applications. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(9), 5366-5375. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2561265

This paper presents a dual three phase open end winding induction motor drive. The drive consists of a three phase induction machine with open stator phase windings and dual bridge inverter supplied from a single DC voltage source. To achieve multi-l... Read More about A multi-level converter with a floating bridge for open-ended winding motor drive applications.

Evaluation of saliency tracking as an alternative for health monitoring in PMSM-drives under nonstationary conditions (2016)
Journal Article
Arellano-Padilla, J., Sumner, M., & Gerada, C. (2016). Evaluation of saliency tracking as an alternative for health monitoring in PMSM-drives under nonstationary conditions. IET Electric Power Applications, 10(4), 284-293. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2015.0356

This paper evaluates the capability of saliency tracking to assess the health condition of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives operating under nonstationary conditions. The evaluated scheme is based on saliency tracking methods, which ar... Read More about Evaluation of saliency tracking as an alternative for health monitoring in PMSM-drives under nonstationary conditions.

Damper cage loss reduction and no-load voltage THD improvements in salient-pole synchronous generators (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Nuzzo, S., Galea, M., Gerada, C., Gerada, D., Mebarki, A., & Brown, N. (2016). Damper cage loss reduction and no-load voltage THD improvements in salient-pole synchronous generators.

Salient-pole synchronous generators (SG) have a long history of utilization as reliable power generation systems. Important aspects of such generators include a high power-to-weight ratio, high efficiency and a low cost per kVA output [1]. Another cr... Read More about Damper cage loss reduction and no-load voltage THD improvements in salient-pole synchronous generators.

Integrated motor drives: state of the art and future trends (2016)
Journal Article
Abebe, R., Vakil, G., Lo Calzo, G., Cox, T., Lambert, S., Johnson, C. M., …Mecrow, B. (2016). Integrated motor drives: state of the art and future trends. IET Electric Power Applications, 10(8), 757-771. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2015.0506

With increased need for high power density, high efficiency and high temperature capabilities in aerospace and automotive applications, integrated motor drives (IMD) offers a potential solution. However, close physical integration of the converter an... Read More about Integrated motor drives: state of the art and future trends.

Multi-objective optimization of a magnetically levitated planar motor with multi-layer windings (2016)
Journal Article
Guo, L., Zhang, H., Galea, M., Li, J., & Gerada, C. (2016). Multi-objective optimization of a magnetically levitated planar motor with multi-layer windings. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(6), 3522-3532. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2522389

In this paper, a novel magnetically levitated coreless planar motor with three-layer orthogonal overlapping windings is shown to have higher power density and higher space utilization compared to other coreless planar motors. In order to achieve maxi... Read More about Multi-objective optimization of a magnetically levitated planar motor with multi-layer windings.

Condition monitoring approach for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives based on the INFORM method (2016)
Journal Article
Arellano-Padilla, J., Sumner, M., & Gerada, C. (2016). Condition monitoring approach for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives based on the INFORM method. IET Electric Power Applications, 10(1), 54-62. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2015.0148

This paper proposes a monitoring scheme based on saliency tracking to assess the health condition of PMSM drives operating under non stationary conditions. The evaluated scheme is based on the INFORM methodology, which is associated to the accurate s... Read More about Condition monitoring approach for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives based on the INFORM method.

An investigation into the geometric parameters affecting field uniformity in four pole magnetisers (2015)
Journal Article
Bartolo, J. B., Klimczyk, P., Tiwisina, K., Denke, P., Siebert, S., & Gerada, C. (2015). An investigation into the geometric parameters affecting field uniformity in four pole magnetisers. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 48(2,3), https://doi.org/10.3233/JAE-151992

In recent years, the field-metric method for measuring the joule losses set up in an electrical steel laminate when subjected to a rotating field has gained popularity. The ideal geometry of the magnetiser required to set up such a field is still how... Read More about An investigation into the geometric parameters affecting field uniformity in four pole magnetisers.

The effects of pushback delays on airport ground movement (2015)
Journal Article
Stergianos, C., Atkin, J., Schittekat, P., Nordlander, T. E., Gerada, C., & Morvan, H. (in press). The effects of pushback delays on airport ground movement

With the constant increase in air traffic, airports are facing capacity problems. Optimisation methods for specific airport processes are starting to be increasingly utilised by many large airports. However, many processes do happen in parallel, and... Read More about The effects of pushback delays on airport ground movement.

Impact of Slot/Pole Combination on Inter-Turn Short-Circuit Current in Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Machines (2015)
Journal Article
Arumugam, P., Dusek, J., Arumugam, P., Brunson, C., Amankwah, E. K., Hamiti, T., & Gerada, C. (2015). Impact of Slot/Pole Combination on Inter-Turn Short-Circuit Current in Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Machines. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 52(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2015.2500894

This paper investigates the influence of the slot/pole (S/P) combination on inter-turn short-circuit (SC) current in fault-tolerant permanent magnet (FT-PM) machines. A 2-D sub-domain field computational model with multi-objective genetic algorithm i... Read More about Impact of Slot/Pole Combination on Inter-Turn Short-Circuit Current in Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Machines.

Modeling and analysis of eddy current losses in permanent magnet machines with multi-stranded bundle conductors (2015)
Journal Article
Arumugam, P., Dusek, J., Mezani, S., Hamiti, T., & Gerada, C. (in press). Modeling and analysis of eddy current losses in permanent magnet machines with multi-stranded bundle conductors. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2015.10.010

This paper investigates the influence of eddy current losses in multi-stranded bundle conductors employed in out-runner permanent magnet machines, by adopting an analytical model. The analytical model is based on a sub-domain field model that solves... Read More about Modeling and analysis of eddy current losses in permanent magnet machines with multi-stranded bundle conductors.

Turn-turn short circuit fault management in permanent magnet machines (2015)
Journal Article
Arumugam, P., Hamiti, T., & Gerada, C. (in press). Turn-turn short circuit fault management in permanent magnet machines. IET Electric Power Applications, 9(9), https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2015.0020

This paper presents a systematic study on turn-turn short circuit fault and ways to manage them to provide a basis for comparison of the various options available. The possible methods to reduce the likelihood of the winding SC fault and the fault mi... Read More about Turn-turn short circuit fault management in permanent magnet machines.

Computation of wound rotor induction machines based on coupled finite elements and circuit equation under a first space harmonic approximation (2015)
Journal Article
Mezani, S., Hamiti, T., Belguerras, L., Lubin, T., & Gerada, C. (2015). Computation of wound rotor induction machines based on coupled finite elements and circuit equation under a first space harmonic approximation. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 52(3), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2478798

The paper presents a fast method to compute wound rotor induction machines in steady state. Coupled time-harmonic FE-circuit equation are used under a first space harmonic approximation for the air-gap magnetic field. It is shown that only 4 magnetos... Read More about Computation of wound rotor induction machines based on coupled finite elements and circuit equation under a first space harmonic approximation.

Estimating current derivatives for sensorless motor drive applications (2015)
Conference Proceeding
Hind, D. M., Sumner, M., & Gerada, C. (2015). Estimating current derivatives for sensorless motor drive applications.

The PWM current derivative technique for sensorless control of AC machines requires current derivative measurements under certain PWM vectors. This is often not possible under narrow PWM vectors due to high frequency (HF) oscillations which affect th... Read More about Estimating current derivatives for sensorless motor drive applications.

Development of an axial flux MEMS BLDC micromotor with increased efficiency and power density (2015)
Journal Article
Ding, X., Liu, G., Du, M., Guo, H., Qiao, H., & Gerada, C. (2015). Development of an axial flux MEMS BLDC micromotor with increased efficiency and power density. Energies, 8(7), https://doi.org/10.3390/en8076608

This paper presents a rigorous design and optimization of an axial flux microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) brushless dc (BLDC) micromotor with dual rotor improving both efficiency and power density with an external diameter of only around 10 mm. T... Read More about Development of an axial flux MEMS BLDC micromotor with increased efficiency and power density.

Control integrated studies on high speed permanent magnetic generators system (2015)
Journal Article
Li, J., Zhang, X., Zhang, H., Huang, X., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2015). Control integrated studies on high speed permanent magnetic generators system. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(11), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2451102

The power converter and its control system has great impact on the behavior of the high speed permanent magnet generator system (HSPGS) due to the high operating frequency, and therefore should be investigated in the design and research on the HSPGS.... Read More about Control integrated studies on high speed permanent magnetic generators system.

Design considerations for the tooth shoe shape for high-speed permanent magnet generators (2015)
Journal Article
Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Gerada, C., Galea, M., Gerada, D., & Li, J. (2015). Design considerations for the tooth shoe shape for high-speed permanent magnet generators. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(11), Article 8112904. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2448096

This paper presents a study of the effects that the shoe shape of the teeth of electrical machines has on the performance and losses. This is done by considering a concentrated wound, high-speed permanent magnet generator. The paper investigates the... Read More about Design considerations for the tooth shoe shape for high-speed permanent magnet generators.

Analysis and optimization of a double-sided air-cored tubular generator (2015)
Journal Article
Guo, L., Zhang, H., Lin, J., Galea, M., & Gerada, C. (2015). Analysis and optimization of a double-sided air-cored tubular generator. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(11), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2445576

In this paper, the design and development of a double-sided air-cored tubular generator (DSTG) is presented. The characteristics of air-cored slot-less structures are investigated in terms of power density and efficiency. This is highly desirable for... Read More about Analysis and optimization of a double-sided air-cored tubular generator.

Magnetically geared induction machines (2015)
Journal Article
Mezani, S., Hamiti, T., Belguerras, L., Lubin, T., Rashed, M., & Gerada, C. (2015). Magnetically geared induction machines. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(11), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2443252

A wound-rotor induction machine is artfully coupled to a magnetic gear to achieve a high-torque-density drive system called magnetically geared induction machine (MaGIM). The high-speed rotor of MaGIM is common to both the machine and gear sides. A r... Read More about Magnetically geared induction machines.

Demagnetisation analysis for Halbach array configurations in electrical machines (2015)
Journal Article
Galea, M., Papini, L., Zhang, H., Gerada, C., & Hamiti, T. (2015). Demagnetisation analysis for Halbach array configurations in electrical machines. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(9), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2429645

This paper proposes and investigates an analytical method for assessing the risk of potential, irreversible demagnetisation in the PMs of electrical machines, equipped with n-stages, Halbach arrays. The higher risk of demagnetisation, synonymous with... Read More about Demagnetisation analysis for Halbach array configurations in electrical machines.

Analysis and design of a magnetically levitated planar motor with novel multilayer windings (2015)
Journal Article
Guo, L., Zhang, H., Galea, M., Lin, J., Lu, W., & Gerada, C. (2015). Analysis and design of a magnetically levitated planar motor with novel multilayer windings. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(8), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2421281

This paper proposes a novel permanent magnet planar motor with moving multilayer orthogonal overlapping windings. This novel motor topology can achieve a five-degrees-of-freedom drive using two sets of x-direction windings and two sets of y-direction... Read More about Analysis and design of a magnetically levitated planar motor with novel multilayer windings.

Permanent magnet machine design trade-offs to achieve sensorless control at high load (2015)
Journal Article
Caner, M., Gerada, C., & Asher, G. (2015). Permanent magnet machine design trade-offs to achieve sensorless control at high load. COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 34(1), 324-343. https://doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2014-0039

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new design optimization technique for a surface mounted permanent magnet (SMPM) machine to increase sensorless performance at high loadings by compromising with torque capability. Design/meth... Read More about Permanent magnet machine design trade-offs to achieve sensorless control at high load.

Development of an aircraft wheel actuator for green taxiing (2014)
Conference Proceeding
Galea, M., Pickering, S. J., Tighe, C., XU, Z., Hamiti, T., & Gerada, C. (2014). Development of an aircraft wheel actuator for green taxiing. doi:10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960537

In this paper, the design and construction aspects of a wheel actuator to be used for aircraft taxiing on the ground and which will be located in the main landing gear are addressed. The main challenges with the application are the high torque densit... Read More about Development of an aircraft wheel actuator for green taxiing.

Mechanical and thermal management design of a motor for an aircraft wheel actuator (2014)
Conference Proceeding
Xu, Z., Galea, M., Tighe, C., Hamiti, T., Gerada, C., & Pickering, S. (2015). Mechanical and thermal management design of a motor for an aircraft wheel actuator. In 2014 17th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMS.2014.7014056

A permanent magnet motor is designed as an actuator for taxiing large aircraft in an airport. The motor is attached to the main aircraft wheel to provide a direct drive. A special topology for this machine is developed selected and designed. Due to a... Read More about Mechanical and thermal management design of a motor for an aircraft wheel actuator.

Automatic design of Synchronous Reluctance motors focusing on barrier shape optimization (2014)
Journal Article
Pellegrino, G., Cupertino, F., & Gerada, C. (2014). Automatic design of Synchronous Reluctance motors focusing on barrier shape optimization. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 51(2), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2014.2345953

The automated design of Synchronous Reluctance motors based on Multi-Objective, Genetic Optimization and Finite Element Analysis is considered in this paper. Three types of barrier shapes are considered, all described by an effective, limited set of... Read More about Automatic design of Synchronous Reluctance motors focusing on barrier shape optimization.

Electrothermal combined optimization on notch in air-cooled high-speed permanent-magnet generator (2014)
Journal Article
Zhang, X., Li, W., Baoquan, K., Cao, J., Cao, H., Gerada, C., & Zhang, H. (2014). Electrothermal combined optimization on notch in air-cooled high-speed permanent-magnet generator. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(1), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2014.2332437

A 30kVA, 96000rpm, air cooled high-speed permanent magnetic generator (HSPMG) is investigated in this paper. Considering effects on both the magnetic circuit and heat transfer paths comprehensively, the stator slot notch in this HSPMG is optimized. F... Read More about Electrothermal combined optimization on notch in air-cooled high-speed permanent-magnet generator.

Design of synchronous reluctance motors with multiobjective optimization algorithms (2014)
Journal Article
Cupertino, F., Pellegrino, G., & Gerada, C. (2014). Design of synchronous reluctance motors with multiobjective optimization algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 50(6), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2014.2312540

The automatic design of Synchronous Reluctance (SyR) machines is considered in this paper by means of Finite Element Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms (MOOA). The research focuses on the design of the rotor geometry which is the ke... Read More about Design of synchronous reluctance motors with multiobjective optimization algorithms.

Implementation of a multi-level Power Electronic Inverter library in Modelica (2014)
Conference Proceeding
Hill, C., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., & Bozhko, S. (in press). Implementation of a multi-level Power Electronic Inverter library in Modelica.

This paper presents a newly developed Power Electronic Inverter library in Modelica. The library utilises a multi-level approach with increasing model complexity at progressively higher levels. All levels are fully interchangeable so as to provide a... Read More about Implementation of a multi-level Power Electronic Inverter library in Modelica.

Self-commissioning of interior permanent- magnet synchronous motor drives with high-frequency current injection (2014)
Journal Article
Odhano, S., Giangrande, P., Bojoi, R., & Gerada, C. (2014). Self-commissioning of interior permanent- magnet synchronous motor drives with high-frequency current injection. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 50(5), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2014.2309722

In this paper, a simple and robust method for parameter estimation at rotor standstill is presented for interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machines. The estimated parameters are the stator resistance through dc test, the dq inductances using... Read More about Self-commissioning of interior permanent- magnet synchronous motor drives with high-frequency current injection.

Design of a high-force-density tubular motor (2014)
Journal Article
Galea, M., Buticchi, G., Empringham, L., De Lillo, L., & Gerada, C. (2014). Design of a high-force-density tubular motor. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 50(4), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2014.2300190

This paper deals with the design, construction and experimental verification of a high force density, tubular, linear, permanent magnet motor, driven from a high power density matrix converter for an aerospace application. The work also describes the... Read More about Design of a high-force-density tubular motor.

Special section on high speed electrical machines and drives (2013)
Journal Article
Boglietti, A., Gerada, C., & Cavagnino, A. (2013). Special section on high speed electrical machines and drives. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(6), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2013.2286778

High-speed electrical machines: technologies, trends and developments (2013)
Journal Article
Gerada, D., Mebarki, A., Brown, N., Gerada, C., Cavagnino, A., & Boglietti, A. (2014). High-speed electrical machines: technologies, trends and developments. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(6), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2013.2286777

This paper reviews the current technologies used in high speed electrical machines, through an extensive survey of different topologies developed and built in industry as well as in academia for several applications. Developments in materials and com... Read More about High-speed electrical machines: technologies, trends and developments.

A high-speed permanent-magnet machine for fault-tolerant drivetrains (2013)
Journal Article
Papini, L., Tsarfidy, R., Gerada, D., & Gerada, C. (2013). A high-speed permanent-magnet machine for fault-tolerant drivetrains. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(6), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2013.2282604

This paper details the design considerations of a permanent magnet (PM), three phase, high speed, synchronous machine for fault tolerant operation. A multidisciplinary approach to the optimal design of the machine is adopted targeted at minimising th... Read More about A high-speed permanent-magnet machine for fault-tolerant drivetrains.

Induction motors versus permanent magnet actuators for aerospace applications (2013)
Journal Article
Kakosimos, P. E., Sarigiannidis, A. G., Beniakar, M. E., Kladas, A. G., & Gerada, C. (2014). Induction motors versus permanent magnet actuators for aerospace applications. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(8), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2013.2274425

This paper introduces a comparative study on the design of aerospace actuators concerning Induction Motor (IM) and Permanent Magnet Motor (PMM) technologies. In the analysis undertaken, the two candidate configurations are evaluated in terms of both... Read More about Induction motors versus permanent magnet actuators for aerospace applications.

Analysis of Vertical Strip Wound Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (2013)
Journal Article
Arumugam, P., Hamiti, T., Brunson, C., & Gerada, C. (2014). Analysis of Vertical Strip Wound Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(3), 1158-1168. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2013.2259777

This paper investigates the behavior of a vector-controlled fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor drive system adopting a vertically placed strip winding (VSW) which can limit interturn short-circuit (SC) fault current to its rated value regardless o... Read More about Analysis of Vertical Strip Wound Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines.

Computational fluid dynamics modelling of an entire synchronous generator for improved thermal management (2013)
Journal Article
Connor, P. H., Pickering, S., Gerada, C., Eastwick, C., Micallef, C., & Tighe, C. (2013). Computational fluid dynamics modelling of an entire synchronous generator for improved thermal management. IET Electric Power Applications, 7(3), https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2012.0278

This study is the first in a series dedicated to investigating the airflow and thermal management of electrical machines. Owing to the temperature dependent resistive losses in the machine's windings, any improvement in cooling provides a direct redu... Read More about Computational fluid dynamics modelling of an entire synchronous generator for improved thermal management.

CFD modelling of an entire synchronous generator for improved thermal management (2012)
Conference Proceeding
Connor, P. H., Pickering, S. J., Gerada, C., Eastwick, C. N., & Micallef, C. (2012). CFD modelling of an entire synchronous generator for improved thermal management. . https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.0290

This paper is the first in a series dedicated to investigating the airflow and thermal management of electrical machines. Due to the temperature dependent resistive losses in the machine's windings any improvement in cooling provides a direct reducti... Read More about CFD modelling of an entire synchronous generator for improved thermal management.

A thermal improvement technique for phase windings of electrical machines (2011)
Journal Article
Galea, M., Gerada, C., Raminosa, T., & Wheeler, P. (2012). A thermal improvement technique for phase windings of electrical machines. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 48(1), https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2011.2175470

In electrical machines, a higher torque/force density can usually be achieved by increasing the current density in the windings. However, the resulting increase in copper losses leads to higher temperatures in the coils, especially in the centre of t... Read More about A thermal improvement technique for phase windings of electrical machines.

An analytical and genetic-algorithm-based design tool for brushless excitation systems of low-medium rated synchronous generators
Conference Proceeding
Nuzzo, S., Galea, M., Gerada, C., & Brown, N. (in press). An analytical and genetic-algorithm-based design tool for brushless excitation systems of low-medium rated synchronous generators.

The sizing procedures adopted for the everyday design of electrical machines are well known and consolidated. However, for brushless exciters of field wound, synchronous generators, there is significant room for improvement as the impact of the diode... Read More about An analytical and genetic-algorithm-based design tool for brushless excitation systems of low-medium rated synchronous generators.

Prediction of the voltage drop due to the diode commutation process in the excitation system of salient-pole synchronous generators
Conference Proceeding
Nuzzo, S., Galea, M., Gerada, C., & Brown, N. (in press). Prediction of the voltage drop due to the diode commutation process in the excitation system of salient-pole synchronous generators.

The commutation processes in uncontrolled diode rectifiers have been extensively studied and modelled. However, in some applications, such as electrical power generation, the effects of these processes are often neglected. In low to medium rated, fie... Read More about Prediction of the voltage drop due to the diode commutation process in the excitation system of salient-pole synchronous generators.

Integrated output filter inductor for permanent magnet motor drives
Conference Proceeding
Raza Khowja, M., Gerada, C., Vakil, G., Wheeler, P., & Patel, C. (in press). Integrated output filter inductor for permanent magnet motor drives.

This paper presents a novel approach to integrate the output filter inductor in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system. The integrated output filter inductor is based on utilizing the motor magnetics as a filter inductance instead of... Read More about Integrated output filter inductor for permanent magnet motor drives.

Comparative Analysis Between Axial and Coaxial Magnetic Couplings
Conference Proceeding
Akcay, Y., Giangrande, P., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2021). Comparative Analysis Between Axial and Coaxial Magnetic Couplings. In The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020). https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1147

The adoption of magnetic couplings enables the transmission of mechanical power relying on the magnetic fields interaction rather than a physical mechanical connection. Hence, the contactless speed/torque transmission leads to improvements in terms o... Read More about Comparative Analysis Between Axial and Coaxial Magnetic Couplings.