Outputs (57)

Obesity in Nigerian Adults and the Associated Cause and Impact on the Population (2022)
Journal Article
Ellecom, J. B., Shaw, I., & Adams, G. G. (2022). Obesity in Nigerian Adults and the Associated Cause and Impact on the Population. Journal of Diabetes Research Reviews & Reports, 4(4), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.47363/JDRR/2022%284%29165

Background: Obesity has been on the rise in developed and developing countries such as Nigeria. Data from the WHO demonstrated the prevalence of obesity increased by 15% between 2002 and 2016 in Nigeria. Here, we examine the rate of obesity in Nigeri... Read More about Obesity in Nigerian Adults and the Associated Cause and Impact on the Population.

Physical activity pre-and during pregnancy and gestational diabetes onset across multi-ethnic pregnant populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies (2022)
Journal Article
Alaslani, H., Shaw, I., & Adams, G. (2023). Physical activity pre-and during pregnancy and gestational diabetes onset across multi-ethnic pregnant populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. MOJ Public Health, 11(1), 28-32. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojph.2022.11.00370

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and maternal and neonatal risks. Lifestyle intervention through physical activity is generally similar to diet... Read More about Physical activity pre-and during pregnancy and gestational diabetes onset across multi-ethnic pregnant populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.

Motor Developmental Outcomes in Children Exposed to Maternal Diabetes During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021)
Journal Article
Arabiat, D., Jabery, M. A., Kemp, V., Jenkins, M., Whitehead, L. C., & Adams, G. (2021). Motor Developmental Outcomes in Children Exposed to Maternal Diabetes During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), Article 1699. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041699

Studies on the association of maternal diabetes with motor development in children provide inconsistent findings. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Emcare, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar databases for primary observational, case–control, or cohort st... Read More about Motor Developmental Outcomes in Children Exposed to Maternal Diabetes During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Analysis of insulin glulisine at the molecular level by X-ray crystallography and biophysical techniques (2021)
Journal Article
Gillis, R. B., Solomon, H. V., Govada, L., Oldham, N. J., Dinu, V., Jiwani, S. I., …Adams, G. G. (2021). Analysis of insulin glulisine at the molecular level by X-ray crystallography and biophysical techniques. Scientific Reports, 11(1), Article 1737. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81251-2

© 2021, The Author(s). This study concerns glulisine, a rapid-acting insulin analogue that plays a fundamental role in diabetes management. We have applied a combination of methods namely X-ray crystallography, and biophysical characterisation to pro... Read More about Analysis of insulin glulisine at the molecular level by X-ray crystallography and biophysical techniques.

Effectiveness and Safety of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) in Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) (2021)
Journal Article
Alshmimry, A. H., Jiwani, S. I., Gyasi-Antwi, P., & Adams, G. G. (2021). Effectiveness and Safety of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) in Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs). Current Research in Clinical Diabetes and Obesity, 01, Article 103. https://doi.org/10.29011/CRCDO-103.100003

Introduction: Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) are one of the more dangerous complications of diabetes, contributing to morbidity, mortality, and major financial strain, potentially affecting patients' quality of life. Therefore, an effective DFU treatmen... Read More about Effectiveness and Safety of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) in Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs).

Probing the effect of aroma compounds on the hydrodynamic properties of mucin glycoproteins (2020)
Journal Article
Dinu, V., MacCalman, T., Yang, N., Adams, G. G., Yakubov, G. E., Harding, S. E., & Fisk, I. D. (2020). Probing the effect of aroma compounds on the hydrodynamic properties of mucin glycoproteins. European Biophysics Journal, 49(8), 799-808. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-020-01475-4

© 2020, The Author(s). Aroma compounds are diverse low molecular weight organic molecules responsible for the flavour of food, medicines or cosmetics. Natural and artificial aroma compounds are manufactured and used by the industry to enhance the fla... Read More about Probing the effect of aroma compounds on the hydrodynamic properties of mucin glycoproteins.

Food biotechnology (2020)
Journal Article
Foster, T., Adams, G., di Bari, V., Connerton, I., Gould, J., Gouseti, O., …Yakubov, G. (2020). Food biotechnology. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 30, 53-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2020.08.006

We investigate recent advances in the Chemical Engineering aspects of food structuring agents and macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, and also the fate of food upon ingestion. Prebiotic effects on host-microbe interactions enable impr... Read More about Food biotechnology.

Effectiveness of Community Health Worker-led Diabetes Self-Management Education on Type 2 diabetes patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Amagyei, A., Meal, A., Shaw, I., & Adams, G. G. (2020). Effectiveness of Community Health Worker-led Diabetes Self-Management Education on Type 2 diabetes patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Diabetes, 1(2), 40-50

Objective: Community Health Workers are important in building individual and community capacity through outreach, community education, informal counselling, social support and advocacy programs, which enhance health knowledge and self-sufficiency. Ou... Read More about Effectiveness of Community Health Worker-led Diabetes Self-Management Education on Type 2 diabetes patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Is Liraglutide a Safe and Effective Medication to Treat Hyperglycaemia?: A Systematic Review (2020)
Journal Article
Al Oneze, A., Jiwan, S. I., Gyasi-Antw, P., Meal, A., & Adams, G. G. (2020). Is Liraglutide a Safe and Effective Medication to Treat Hyperglycaemia?: A Systematic Review. Annals of Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology, 3(2),

Background: The aim of this systematic review is to examine the effectiveness of Liraglutide on glycemic control and Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) mellitus and to investigate whether Liraglutide leads to any Gas... Read More about Is Liraglutide a Safe and Effective Medication to Treat Hyperglycaemia?: A Systematic Review.

Effect of Lifestyle and Diet on Gestational Diabetes (GDM) in South Asian Women: A Systematic Review (2020)
Journal Article
Naseer, N., Shaw, I., & Adams, G. (2020). Effect of Lifestyle and Diet on Gestational Diabetes (GDM) in South Asian Women: A Systematic Review. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, 3(1),

Background: Evidence suggests that all forms of diabetes are on the increase, especially Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), which increases the risk of maternal and neonatal morbidities. However, the global effect of diet (HA) and lifestyle (PA) of... Read More about Effect of Lifestyle and Diet on Gestational Diabetes (GDM) in South Asian Women: A Systematic Review.

Global Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Gyasi-Antwi, P., Walker, L., Moody, C., Okyere, S., Salt, K., Anang, L., …Adams, G. (2020). Global Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. New American Journal of Medicine, 1(3),

1. Abstract 1.1. Background: Evidence suggests that diabetes in all forms are on the rise especially gesta-tional diabetes mellitus which increases the risk of maternal and neonatal morbidities; however global prevalence rates and geographical distri... Read More about Global Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Exploration of temperature and shelf-life dependency of the therapeutically available Insulin Detemir (2020)
Journal Article
Beji, O., Gillis, R. B., Dinu, V., Jiwani, S. I., Gyasi-Antwi, P., Fisk, I. D., …Adams, G. G. (2020). Exploration of temperature and shelf-life dependency of the therapeutically available Insulin Detemir. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 152, 340-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.05.016

© 2020 Elsevier B.V. Purpose: Insulin, in typical use, undergoes multiple changes in temperature; from refrigerator, to room temperature, to body temperature. Although long-term storage temperature has been well-studied, the short term changes to ins... Read More about Exploration of temperature and shelf-life dependency of the therapeutically available Insulin Detemir.

The antibiotic vancomycin induces complexation and aggregation of gastrointestinal and submaxillary mucins (2020)
Journal Article
Dinu, V., Lu, Y., Weston, N., Lithgo, R., Coupe, H., Channell, G., …Harding, S. E. (2020). The antibiotic vancomycin induces complexation and aggregation of gastrointestinal and submaxillary mucins. Scientific Reports, 10(1), Article 960. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57776-3

© 2020, The Author(s). Vancomycin, a branched tricyclic glycosylated peptide antibiotic, is a last-line defence against serious infections caused by staphylococci, enterococci and other Gram-positive bacteria. Orally-administered vancomycin is the dr... Read More about The antibiotic vancomycin induces complexation and aggregation of gastrointestinal and submaxillary mucins.

Management of Diabetes Patients across the Peri- Operative Pathway: A Systematic Review (2020)
Journal Article
Wallace, J., Jiwani, S., Gyasi-Antwi, P., Meal, A., & Adams, G. G. (2020). Management of Diabetes Patients across the Peri- Operative Pathway: A Systematic Review. Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 4(1), 1-16

Peri-operative environments are a hazardous setting for diabetes patients. A systematic review of literature regarding the management of diabetes patients across the peri-operative pathway has been undertaken to assess if the management of patients w... Read More about Management of Diabetes Patients across the Peri- Operative Pathway: A Systematic Review.

Characterisation of the molecular properties of scleroglucan as an alternative rigid rod molecule to xanthan gum for oropharyngeal dysphagia (2019)
Journal Article
Li, X., Lu, Y., Adams, G. G., Zobel, H., Ballance, S., Wolf, B., & Harding, S. E. (2020). Characterisation of the molecular properties of scleroglucan as an alternative rigid rod molecule to xanthan gum for oropharyngeal dysphagia. Food Hydrocolloids, 101, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105446

Scleroglucan, a neutral β(1–3) glucan with β(1–6) glucan branches every third residue, is being considered as an alternative rod-like, shear thinning high molecular weight β-glucan based polysaccharide to xanthan gum for the management of patients wi... Read More about Characterisation of the molecular properties of scleroglucan as an alternative rigid rod molecule to xanthan gum for oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Relationship between Lipohypertrophy, Injection Techniques and Education in adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review (2019)
Journal Article
Thomas, J., Meal, A., & Adams, G. G. (2019). Relationship between Lipohypertrophy, Injection Techniques and Education in adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Journal of Diabetes and Treatment, 4(2), https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7568.001074

Introduction: This systematic review examines Lipohypertrophy (LH) in patients presenting with Type 1/2 Diabetes (T1/2DM) in relation to education and injection techniques. LH is a condition, which occurs in diabetes individuals at injection sights.... Read More about Relationship between Lipohypertrophy, Injection Techniques and Education in adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.

Analysis of Glulisine Crystallisation Utilising Phase Diagrams and Nucleants (2019)
Journal Article
Li, Y., Govada, L., Solomon, H. V., Gillis, R. B., Adams, G. G., & Chayen, N. E. (2019). Analysis of Glulisine Crystallisation Utilising Phase Diagrams and Nucleants. Crystals, 9(9), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9090462

Glulisine is a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved insulin analogue, used for controlling hyperglycaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). It is fast acting which better approximates physiological insulin secretion, improving patien... Read More about Analysis of Glulisine Crystallisation Utilising Phase Diagrams and Nucleants.

Mucin immobilization in calcium alginate: A possible mucus mimetic tool for evaluating mucoadhesion and retention of flavour (2019)
Journal Article
Dinu, V., Yakubov, G. E., Lim, M., Hurst, K., Adams, G. G., Harding, S. E., & Fisk, I. D. (2019). Mucin immobilization in calcium alginate: A possible mucus mimetic tool for evaluating mucoadhesion and retention of flavour. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 138, 831-836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.148

To reduce animal testing, there is a need to develop novel in-vitro models for evaluating the retention of bioactive compounds in food and pharmaceutical products. Here, a mucus-mimetic platform was developed through a one-step approach based on enca... Read More about Mucin immobilization in calcium alginate: A possible mucus mimetic tool for evaluating mucoadhesion and retention of flavour.

An enzymatically controlled mucoadhesive for enhancing flavour during food oral processing (2019)
Journal Article
Dinu, V., Gadon, A., Hurst, K., Lim, M., Ayed, C., Gillis, R. B., …Fisk, I. D. (2019). An enzymatically controlled mucoadhesive for enhancing flavour during food oral processing. npj Science of Food, 3(1), Article 11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-019-0043-y

While a good mucoadhesive biopolymer must adhere to a mucus membrane, it must also have a good unloading ability. Here, we demonstrate that the biopolymer pullulan is partially digested by human salivary α-amylase, thus acting as a controlled release... Read More about An enzymatically controlled mucoadhesive for enhancing flavour during food oral processing.

Submaxillary Mucin: its Effect on Aroma Release from Acidic Drinks and New Insight into the Effect of Aroma Compounds on its Macromolecular Integrity (2019)
Journal Article
Dinu, V., Gillis, R. B., MacCalman, T., Lim, M., Adams, G. G., Harding, S. E., & Fisk, I. D. (2019). Submaxillary Mucin: its Effect on Aroma Release from Acidic Drinks and New Insight into the Effect of Aroma Compounds on its Macromolecular Integrity. Food Biophysics, 14(3), 278-286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-019-09574-2

Submaxillary mucin is a major component that defines the makeup and functionality of saliva. Understanding its structure and function during food intake is key to designing appropriate strategies for enhancing the delivery of flavour. In the present... Read More about Submaxillary Mucin: its Effect on Aroma Release from Acidic Drinks and New Insight into the Effect of Aroma Compounds on its Macromolecular Integrity.

The practice of glycaemic control in intensive care units: A multicentre survey of nursing and medical professionals (2019)
Journal Article
Fernández‐Méndez, R., Harvey, D. J. R., Windle, R., & Adams, G. G. (2019). The practice of glycaemic control in intensive care units: A multicentre survey of nursing and medical professionals. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 28(11-12), 2088-2100. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14774

Aims and objectives To determine the views of nurses and physicians working in intensive care units (ICU) about the aims of glycaemic control and use of their protocols. Background Evidence about the optimal aims and methods for glycaemic contro... Read More about The practice of glycaemic control in intensive care units: A multicentre survey of nursing and medical professionals.

Hypoglycaemic unawareness: A systematic review of qualitative studies of significant others' (SO) supportive interventions for patients with diabetes mellitus (2018)
Journal Article
Hartill, E., Gillis, R., Imran Jiwani, S., Recchia, N., Meal, A., & Adams, G. (2018). Hypoglycaemic unawareness: A systematic review of qualitative studies of significant others' (SO) supportive interventions for patients with diabetes mellitus. Heliyon, 4(10), Article e00887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00887

Background Hypoglycemia unawareness (HU) has been attributed to both a downward shift in central nervous system (CNS)-triggered sympatho-adrenal responses to low glycaemic thresholds and a subsequent loss of adrenergic symptoms, which, in addition... Read More about Hypoglycaemic unawareness: A systematic review of qualitative studies of significant others' (SO) supportive interventions for patients with diabetes mellitus.

Analytical ultracentrifugation in saliva research: Impact of green tea astringency and its significance on the in-vivo aroma release (2018)
Journal Article
Dinu, V., Liu, C., Ali, J., Ayed, C., Gershkovich, P., Adams, G. G., …Fisk, I. (2018). Analytical ultracentrifugation in saliva research: Impact of green tea astringency and its significance on the in-vivo aroma release. Scientific Reports, 8, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31625-w

Current saliva testing methods rely on cutting edge yet expensive techniques for the detection and analysis of genetic material, proteins and biomarkers for clinical use. However, these techniques are limited in scope and often cannot be used with co... Read More about Analytical ultracentrifugation in saliva research: Impact of green tea astringency and its significance on the in-vivo aroma release.

Does ethnicity and culture affect the non- compliancy of cervical cancer screening? (2018)
Journal Article
Hennessey, L., Shaw, I., Okyere, S., & Adams, G. G. (2018). Does ethnicity and culture affect the non- compliancy of cervical cancer screening?. MOJ Public Health, 7(4), 219-227. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojph.2018.07.00233

Background: Globally, an estimated 528,000 women develop cervical cancer (CC) each year, 266,000 of whom die from the disease. CC is the fourth most-common cancer in women worldwide and fourteenth in the UK, where 3,200 cases are diagnosed each year.... Read More about Does ethnicity and culture affect the non- compliancy of cervical cancer screening?.

Use of the extended Fujita method for representing the molecular weight and molecular weight distributions of native and processed oat beta-glucans (2018)
Journal Article
Channell, G. A., Adams, G. G., Lu, Y., Gillis, R. B., Dinu, V., Grundy, M. M., …Harding, S. E. (2018). Use of the extended Fujita method for representing the molecular weight and molecular weight distributions of native and processed oat beta-glucans. Scientific Reports, 8(1), Article 11809. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29997-0

Beta 1–3, 1–4 glucans (“beta-glucans”) are one of the key components of the cell wall of cereals, complementing the main structural component cellulose. Beta-glucans are also an important source of soluble fibre in foods containing oats with claims o... Read More about Use of the extended Fujita method for representing the molecular weight and molecular weight distributions of native and processed oat beta-glucans.

The Svedberg Lecture 2017. From nano to micro: the huge dynamic range of the analytical ultracentrifuge for characterizing the sizes, shapes and interactions of molecules and assemblies in biochemistry and polymer science (2018)
Journal Article
Harding, S. E., Wakefield, J., Gillis, R., Adams, G., & McQueen, C. (2018). The Svedberg Lecture 2017. From nano to micro: the huge dynamic range of the analytical ultracentrifuge for characterizing the sizes, shapes and interactions of molecules and assemblies in biochemistry and polymer science. European Biophysics Journal, 47(7), 697–707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-018-1290-6

The analytical ultracentrifuge (AUC) invented by T. Svedberg has now become an extremely versatile and diverse tool in Biochemistry and Polymer Science for the characterisation of the sizes, shapes and interactions of particles ranging in size from a... Read More about The Svedberg Lecture 2017. From nano to micro: the huge dynamic range of the analytical ultracentrifuge for characterizing the sizes, shapes and interactions of molecules and assemblies in biochemistry and polymer science.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient education in preventing and reducing the incidence or recurrence of adult diabetes foot ulcers (DFU) (2018)
Journal Article
Adiewere, P., Gillis, R. B., Imran Jiwani, S., Meal, A., Shaw, I., & Adams, G. G. (2018). A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient education in preventing and reducing the incidence or recurrence of adult diabetes foot ulcers (DFU). Heliyon, 4(5), Article e00614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00614

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) states that diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are associated with disability, death among patients with diabetes and substantial costs, if not prevented or managed effectively. The aim here is to examine the... Read More about A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient education in preventing and reducing the incidence or recurrence of adult diabetes foot ulcers (DFU).

Outcomes of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in adults with diabetes: a systematic review (2018)
Journal Article
Mason, J., Meal, A., Shaw, I., & Adams, G. G. (in press). Outcomes of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in adults with diabetes: a systematic review. Journal of Diabetes and Treatment, 2018(2), https://doi.org/10.29011/2574-7568.000049

Objectives: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global and progressive chronic medical condition with increasing prevalence and associated costs throughout the world. Psychological problems are common in people with DM and when they co-occur are associated w... Read More about Outcomes of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in adults with diabetes: a systematic review.

Characterisation of insulin analogues therapeutically available to patients (2018)
Journal Article
Adams, G. G., Meal, A., Morgan, P. S., Alzahrani, Q. E., Zobel, H., Lithgo, R., …Chayen, N. (2018). Characterisation of insulin analogues therapeutically available to patients. PLoS ONE, 13(3), Article e0195010. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195010

The structure and function of clinical dosage insulin and its analogues were assessed. This included ‘native insulins’ (human recombinant, bovine, porcine), ‘fast-acting analogues’ (aspart, glulisine, lispro) and ‘slow-acting analogues’ (glargine, de... Read More about Characterisation of insulin analogues therapeutically available to patients.

Controlled depolymerisation, as assessed by analytical ultracentrifugation, of low molecular weight chitosan for potential use in archaeological conservation (2018)
Journal Article
Wakefield, J. M., Gillis, R. B., Adams, G. G., McQueen, C., & Harding, S. E. (2018). Controlled depolymerisation, as assessed by analytical ultracentrifugation, of low molecular weight chitosan for potential use in archaeological conservation. European Biophysics Journal, 47(7), 769-775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-018-1290-6

The heterogeneity and molecular weight of a chitosan of low molecular weight (molar mass) and low degree of acetylation (0.1), for potential use as a consolidant for decayed archaeological wood, has been examined by sedimentation velocity and sedimen... Read More about Controlled depolymerisation, as assessed by analytical ultracentrifugation, of low molecular weight chitosan for potential use in archaeological conservation.

Full hydrodynamic reversibility of the weak dimerization of vancomycin and elucidation of its interaction with VanS monomers at clinical concentration (2017)
Journal Article
Phillips-Jones, M. K., Lithgo, R., Dinu, V., Gillis, R. B., Harding, J. E., Adams, G. G., & Harding, S. E. (2017). Full hydrodynamic reversibility of the weak dimerization of vancomycin and elucidation of its interaction with VanS monomers at clinical concentration. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12620-z

The reversibility and strength of the previously established dimerization of the important glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin in four different aqueous solvents (including a medically-used formulation) have been studied using short-column sedimentati... Read More about Full hydrodynamic reversibility of the weak dimerization of vancomycin and elucidation of its interaction with VanS monomers at clinical concentration.

Glargine and degludec: solution behaviour of higher dose synthetic insulins (2017)
Journal Article
Adams, G. G., Alzahrani, Q., Jiwani, S. I., Meal, A., Morgan, P. S., Coffey, F., …Gillis, R. B. (2017). Glargine and degludec: solution behaviour of higher dose synthetic insulins. Scientific Reports, 7(1), Article 7287. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06642-w

Single, double and triple doses of the synthetic insulins glargine and degludec currently used in patient therapy are characterised using macromolecular hydrodynamic techniques (dynamic light scattering and analytical ultracentrifugation) in an attem... Read More about Glargine and degludec: solution behaviour of higher dose synthetic insulins.

Health beliefs predict self-care practices and glycaemic control in Malaysian patients with insulin-treated diabetes: a longtitudal study (2017)
Journal Article
Aris, A., Blake, H., & Adams, G. (2017). Health beliefs predict self-care practices and glycaemic control in Malaysian patients with insulin-treated diabetes: a longtitudal study. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 17(2), 80-89

The practice of diabetes self-care plays an important role in achieving and maintaining good glycaemic control. However, not all patients with insulin-treated diabetes engage in their self-care activities. There is some evidence that self-care practi... Read More about Health beliefs predict self-care practices and glycaemic control in Malaysian patients with insulin-treated diabetes: a longtitudal study.

Hydrodynamics of the VanA-type VanS histidine kinase: an extended solution conformation and first evidence for interactions with vancomycin (2017)
Journal Article
Phillips-Jones, M. K., Channell, G. A., Kelsall, C. J., Hughes, C. S., Ashcroft, A. E., Patching, S. G., …Harding, S. E. (2017). Hydrodynamics of the VanA-type VanS histidine kinase: an extended solution conformation and first evidence for interactions with vancomycin. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46180

VanA-type resistance to glycopeptide antibiotics in clinical enterococci is regulated by the VanSARA two-component signal transduction system. The nature of the molecular ligand that is recognised by the VanSA sensory component has not hitherto been... Read More about Hydrodynamics of the VanA-type VanS histidine kinase: an extended solution conformation and first evidence for interactions with vancomycin.

Assessing sedimentation equilibrium profiles in analytical ultracentrifugation experiments on macromolecules: from simple average molecular weight analysis to molecular weight distribution and interaction analysis (2016)
Journal Article
Harding, S. E., Gillis, R. B., & Adams, G. G. (in press). Assessing sedimentation equilibrium profiles in analytical ultracentrifugation experiments on macromolecules: from simple average molecular weight analysis to molecular weight distribution and interaction analysis. Biophysical Reviews, 8(4), https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-016-0232-8

Molecular weights (molar masses), molecular weight distributions, dissociation constants and other interaction parameters are fundamental characteristics of proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides and glycoconjugates in solution. Sedimentation equil... Read More about Assessing sedimentation equilibrium profiles in analytical ultracentrifugation experiments on macromolecules: from simple average molecular weight analysis to molecular weight distribution and interaction analysis.

Dietitians' practice in giving carbohydrate advice in the management of type 2 diabetes: a mixed methods study (2016)
Journal Article
McArdle, P. D., Greenfield, S. M., Avery, A., Adams, G. G., & Gill, P. S. (in press). Dietitians' practice in giving carbohydrate advice in the management of type 2 diabetes: a mixed methods study. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 30(3), https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12436

Background: Carbohydrate is accepted as the principal nutrient affecting blood glucose in diabetes; however, current guidelines are unable to specify the optimal quantity of carbohydrate for glycaemic control. No studies exist that describe current p... Read More about Dietitians' practice in giving carbohydrate advice in the management of type 2 diabetes: a mixed methods study.

Solution conformation and flexibility of capsular polysaccharides from Neisseria meningitidis and glycoconjugates with the tetanus toxoid protein (2016)
Journal Article
Abdelhameed, A. S., Morris, G. A., Almutairi, F., Adams, G. G., Duvivier, P., Conrath, K., & Harding, S. E. (in press). Solution conformation and flexibility of capsular polysaccharides from Neisseria meningitidis and glycoconjugates with the tetanus toxoid protein. Scientific Reports, 6(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep35588

The structural integrity of meningococcal native, micro-fluidized and activated capsular polysaccharides and their glycoconjugates – in the form most relevant to their potential use as vaccines (dilute solution) - have been investigated with respect... Read More about Solution conformation and flexibility of capsular polysaccharides from Neisseria meningitidis and glycoconjugates with the tetanus toxoid protein.

Both reversible self-association and structural changes underpin molecular viscoelasticity of mAb solutions (2016)
Journal Article
Sarangapani, P. S., Weaver, J., Parupudi, A., Besong, T. M., Adams, G. G., Harding, S. E., …Pathak, J. A. (2016). Both reversible self-association and structural changes underpin molecular viscoelasticity of mAb solutions. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 105(12), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2016.08.020

The role of antibody structure (conformation) in solution rheology is probed. It is demonstrated here that pH-dependent changes in the tertiary structure of 2 mAb solutions lead to viscoelasticity and not merely a shear viscosity (η) increase. Steady... Read More about Both reversible self-association and structural changes underpin molecular viscoelasticity of mAb solutions.

Genetic improvement of tomato by targeted control of fruit softening (2016)
Journal Article
Uluisik, S., Chapman, N. H., Smith, R., Poole, M., Adams, G., Gillis, R. B., …Seymour, G. B. (2016). Genetic improvement of tomato by targeted control of fruit softening. Nature Biotechnology, 34, 950-952. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3602

Controlling the rate of softening to extend shelf life was a key target for researchers engineering genetically modified (GM) tomatoes in the 1990s, but only modest improvements were achieved. Hybrids grown nowadays contain 'non-ripening mutations' t... Read More about Genetic improvement of tomato by targeted control of fruit softening.

The effect of thermal processing in oil on the macromolecular integrity and acrylamide formation from starch of three potato cultivars organically fertilized (2016)
Journal Article
Varzakas, T., Alghamdi, A., Alghamdi, H., Linforth, R. S., Dinu, V., Besong, T. D., …Israilides, C. (2016). The effect of thermal processing in oil on the macromolecular integrity and acrylamide formation from starch of three potato cultivars organically fertilized. Cogent Food and Agriculture, 2(1), https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2016.1180950

Starches from three organically produced cultivars of potato tuber (Lady Rosetta, Spunta and Voyager) have been studied in relation to (i) acrylamide production (ii) macromolecular integrity after frying with extra virgin olive oil, soybean oil and c... Read More about The effect of thermal processing in oil on the macromolecular integrity and acrylamide formation from starch of three potato cultivars organically fertilized.

Molecular weight analysis of starches: which technique? (2016)
Journal Article
Harding, S. E., Adams, G. G., & Gillis, R. B. (2016). Molecular weight analysis of starches: which technique?. Starch/Stärke, 68(9-10), https://doi.org/10.1002/star.201600042

A number of methods are available to researchers for estimating molecular weights (molar masses) and molecular weight distributions of starches ? or those in solution, using an appropriate solvent/solubilisation protocol. We outline the methods avail... Read More about Molecular weight analysis of starches: which technique?.

Aspects of the analytical ultracentrifuge determination of the molar mass distribution of polysaccharides (2016)
Book Chapter
Harding, S. E., Adams, G. G., Gillis, R. B., Almutairi, F. M., & Morris, G. A. (2016). Aspects of the analytical ultracentrifuge determination of the molar mass distribution of polysaccharides. In S. Uchiyama, F. Arisaka, W. F. Stafford, & T. M. Laue (Eds.), Analytical ultracentrifugation: instrumentation, software and applications (375-386). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55985-6_18

Molar mass or ‘molecular weight’ is one of the most fundamental parameters describing a macromolecule. Because of their polydisperse nature, polysaccharides are usually described by distributions of molar mass. SEC-MALS (size exclusion chromatography... Read More about Aspects of the analytical ultracentrifuge determination of the molar mass distribution of polysaccharides.

A glycoconjugate of Haemophilus influenzae Type b capsular polysaccharide with tetanus toxoid protein: hydrodynamic properties mainly influenced by the carbohydrate (2016)
Journal Article
Abdelhameed, A. S., Adams, G. G., Morris, G. A., Almutairi, F. M., Duvivier, P., Conrath, K., & Harding, S. E. (2016). A glycoconjugate of Haemophilus influenzae Type b capsular polysaccharide with tetanus toxoid protein: hydrodynamic properties mainly influenced by the carbohydrate. Scientific Reports, 6(1), Article 22208. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22208

Three important physical properties which may affect the performance of glycoconjugate vaccines against serious disease are molar mass (molecular weight), heterogeneity (polydispersity), and conformational flexibility in solution. The dilute solution... Read More about A glycoconjugate of Haemophilus influenzae Type b capsular polysaccharide with tetanus toxoid protein: hydrodynamic properties mainly influenced by the carbohydrate.

Coiled coil type neoglycoproteins presenting three lactose residues (2016)
Journal Article
Sweeney, S. M., Bullen, G. A., Gillis, R. B., Adams, G. G., Rowe, A. J., Harding, S. E., …Murphy, P. V. (2016). Coiled coil type neoglycoproteins presenting three lactose residues. Tetrahedron Letters, 57(13), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.005

Scaffold design, synthesis and application are relevant for biomedical research. For example, multivalent interactions, such as those between cell surface glycoproteins and lectins can influence the potency and duration of signalling. The spacing bet... Read More about Coiled coil type neoglycoproteins presenting three lactose residues.

Location dependent coordination chemistry and MRI relaxivity, in de novo designed lanthanide coiled coils (2015)
Journal Article
Berwick, M. R., Slope, L. N., Smith, C. F., King, S. M., Newton, S. L., Gillis, R. B., …Peacock, A. F. A. (in press). Location dependent coordination chemistry and MRI relaxivity, in de novo designed lanthanide coiled coils. Chemical Science, 7(3), https://doi.org/10.1039/c5sc04101e

Herein, we establish for the first time the design principles for lanthanide coordination within coiled coils, and the important consequences of binding site translation. By interrogating design requirements and by systematically translating binding... Read More about Location dependent coordination chemistry and MRI relaxivity, in de novo designed lanthanide coiled coils.

The effectiveness of information-motivation-behavioural skills model-based diabetes self-management education among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan (IMB-DSME): trial protocol (2015)
Conference Proceeding
Albelbisi, Z., Adams, G. G., Windle, R., & Blake, H. (2015). The effectiveness of information-motivation-behavioural skills model-based diabetes self-management education among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan (IMB-DSME): trial protocol.

Abstract for UKSBM conference: Background: According to the World Health Organization in 2014, 9% of adults over 18 years old are diagnosed with diabetes and more than 1.5 million deaths occur directly by diabetes in low and middle-income countries.... Read More about The effectiveness of information-motivation-behavioural skills model-based diabetes self-management education among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan (IMB-DSME): trial protocol.

Application of recent advances in hydrodynamic methods for characterising mucins in solution (2015)
Journal Article
Almutairi, F. M., Cifre, J. H., Adams, G. G., Kök, M. S., Mackie, A. R., de la Torre, J. G., & Harding, S. E. (2016). Application of recent advances in hydrodynamic methods for characterising mucins in solution. European Biophysics Journal, 45(1), 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-015-1075-0

Mucins are the primary macromolecular component of mucus—nature’s natural lubricant—although they are poorly characterised heterogeneous substances. Recent advances in hydrodynamic methodology now offer the opportunity for gaining a better understand... Read More about Application of recent advances in hydrodynamic methods for characterising mucins in solution.

Ultracentrifuge Methods for the Analysis of Polysaccharides, Glycoconjugates, and Lignins (2015)
Book Chapter
Harding, S. E., Adams, G. G., Almutairi, F., Alzahrani, Q., Erten, T., Samil Kök, M., & Gillis, R. B. (2015). Ultracentrifuge Methods for the Analysis of Polysaccharides, Glycoconjugates, and Lignins. In Analytical Ultracentrifugation (391-439). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mie.2015.06.043

Although like proteins, polysaccharides are synthesized by enzymes, unlike proteins there is no template. This means that they are polydisperse, do not generally have compact folded structures, and are often very large with greater nonideality behavi... Read More about Ultracentrifuge Methods for the Analysis of Polysaccharides, Glycoconjugates, and Lignins.

The effectiveness of Information- Motivation-Behavioural skills model-based Diabetes Self-Management Education among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan (IMB-DSME): trial protocol (2015)
Presentation / Conference
Albelbisi, Z., Adams, G., Windle, R., & Blake, H. (2015, August). The effectiveness of Information- Motivation-Behavioural skills model-based Diabetes Self-Management Education among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan (IMB-DSME): trial protocol. Paper presented at American Association of Diabetes Educators Annual Meeting, New Orleans, USA

Matrix-free hydrodynamic study on the size distribution and conformation of three technical lignins from wood and non-wood (2015)
Journal Article
Alzahrani, Q. E., Adams, G. G., Gillis, R. B., Besong, T. M., Kök, M. S., Fong, E., …Harding, S. E. (2016). Matrix-free hydrodynamic study on the size distribution and conformation of three technical lignins from wood and non-wood. Holzforschung, 70(2), https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0318

Molecular weight (MW) and related conformational data of three commercially available technical lignins (Alcell L, kraft L, and soda L) have been studied by means of analytical ultracentrifugation, taking advantage of some recent developments in both... Read More about Matrix-free hydrodynamic study on the size distribution and conformation of three technical lignins from wood and non-wood.

Recent advances in the analysis of macromolecular interactions using the matrix-free method of sedimentation in the analytical ultracentrifuge (2015)
Journal Article
Harding, S., Gillis, R., Almutairi, F., Erten, T., Kök, M., & Adams, G. (2015). Recent advances in the analysis of macromolecular interactions using the matrix-free method of sedimentation in the analytical ultracentrifuge. Biology, 4(1), https://doi.org/10.3390/biology4010237

Sedimentation in the analytical ultracentrifuge is a matrix free solution technique with no immobilisation, columns, or membranes required and can be used to study self-association and complex or “hetero”-interactions, stoichiometry, reversibility an... Read More about Recent advances in the analysis of macromolecular interactions using the matrix-free method of sedimentation in the analytical ultracentrifuge.

Characterization of capsular polysaccharides and their glycoconjugates by hydrodynamic methods (2015)
Book Chapter
Harding, S. E., Abdelhameed, A. S., Gillis, R. B., Morris, G. A., & Adams, G. G. (2015). Characterization of capsular polysaccharides and their glycoconjugates by hydrodynamic methods. In Carbohydrate-based vaccines (211-227). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2874-3_13

Hydrodynamic methods are relevant for the characterization of carbohydrates such as capsular bacterial polysaccharides or glycoconjugates in solution. This chapter focuses on the following hydrodynamic methods: sedimentation velocity analytical ultra... Read More about Characterization of capsular polysaccharides and their glycoconjugates by hydrodynamic methods.

Hydrodynamic characterisation of chitosan and its interaction with two polyanions: DNA and xanthan (2014)
Journal Article
Almutairi, F. M., Erten, T., Adams, G. G., Hayes, M., McLoughlin, P., Kök, M. Ş., …Harding, S. E. (2015). Hydrodynamic characterisation of chitosan and its interaction with two polyanions: DNA and xanthan. Carbohydrate Polymers, 122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.09.090

Chitosan, a soluble polycationic derivative of insoluble chitin, has been widely considered for use in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Commercial (“C”) and in-house laboratory (“L”) prepared chitosan samples extracted from crustaceo... Read More about Hydrodynamic characterisation of chitosan and its interaction with two polyanions: DNA and xanthan.

On hydrodynamic methods for the analysis of the sizes and shapes of polysaccharides in dilute solution: a short review (2014)
Journal Article
Morris, G. A., Adams, G. G., & Harding, S. E. (2014). On hydrodynamic methods for the analysis of the sizes and shapes of polysaccharides in dilute solution: a short review. Food Hydrocolloids, 42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.04.014

Background: Polysaccharides and their derivatives are increasingly being used by the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries: physical properties like size and conformation are important contributors to their performance. Discussion: Here the u... Read More about On hydrodynamic methods for the analysis of the sizes and shapes of polysaccharides in dilute solution: a short review.

Comparative heterogeneity, molecular weights and viscosities of xanthans of different pyruvate and acetate content (2014)
Journal Article
Erten, T., Adams, G. G., Foster, T. J., & Harding, S. E. (2014). Comparative heterogeneity, molecular weights and viscosities of xanthans of different pyruvate and acetate content. Food Hydrocolloids, 42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.04.012

Introduction: The bacterial exopolysaccharide xanthan is a well-known hydrocolloid, with a high viscosity deriving from its large molecular weight and volume. Materials and methods: Four different xanthans deriving from Xanthomanas campestris -two w... Read More about Comparative heterogeneity, molecular weights and viscosities of xanthans of different pyruvate and acetate content.

“Medioglycaemia”: a new concept in glycaemic control in intensive care (ICU) units? (2012)
Journal Article
Tomlinson, V. H., Langley, J., Meal, A. G., & Adams, G. G. (2012). “Medioglycaemia”: a new concept in glycaemic control in intensive care (ICU) units?. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 25(4), https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.24056

Introduction: Critically ill patients can experience stress-induced hyperglycaemia. Glycaemic control therapy (GCT) is administered to control patients’ blood glycaemic levels and reduce the incidence of infection, myocardial infarctions and organ fa... Read More about “Medioglycaemia”: a new concept in glycaemic control in intensive care (ICU) units?.

Diabetes health-beliefs, self-care practices and glycaemic control among Malaysian young adults with diabetes (2011)
Journal Article
Aris, A., Blake, H., & Adams, G. (2011). Diabetes health-beliefs, self-care practices and glycaemic control among Malaysian young adults with diabetes. Journal of Nursing Referência (Revista de Enfermagem Referência), 4(Supp),

Self-care practices and glycaemic control remain suboptimal among young adults with diabetes. One of the known factors to influence self-care behaviours is health beliefs. Targeting health beliefs through diabetes education facilitates individual’s d... Read More about Diabetes health-beliefs, self-care practices and glycaemic control among Malaysian young adults with diabetes.