Professor Penny Gowland's Outputs (194)

The impact of variations in subject geometry, respiration and coil repositioning on the specific absorption rate in parallel transmit abdominal imaging at 7 T (2023)
Journal Article
Doran, E., Naim, I., Bowtell, R., Gowland, P. A., Glover, P. M., & Bawden, S. (in press). The impact of variations in subject geometry, respiration and coil repositioning on the specific absorption rate in parallel transmit abdominal imaging at 7 T. NMR in Biomedicine, Article e5032. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.5032

Parallel transmit MRI at 7 T has increasingly been adopted in research projects and provides increased signal‐to‐noise ratios and novel contrasts. However, the interactions of fields in the body need to be carefully considered to ensure safe scanning... Read More about The impact of variations in subject geometry, respiration and coil repositioning on the specific absorption rate in parallel transmit abdominal imaging at 7 T.

In vivo observation of a stomach road or ‘Magenstrasse’ for gastric emptying using MRI imaging in healthy humans (2023)
Journal Article
Almutairi, F., Alyami, J., Pritchard, S., Alsharef, W., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., Taylor, M. A., Marciani, L., & Hoad, C. L. (2023). In vivo observation of a stomach road or ‘Magenstrasse’ for gastric emptying using MRI imaging in healthy humans. Clinical Nutrition Open Science, 51, 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutos.2023.08.002

The presence of a ‘magenstrasse’, a central ‘stomach road’ for flow and mixing of foods and drinks in the stomach had been predicted from hydrodynamic modelling. Here a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tagging technique was used to gain novel insight... Read More about In vivo observation of a stomach road or ‘Magenstrasse’ for gastric emptying using MRI imaging in healthy humans.

Measuring chemical exchange saturation transfer exchange rates in the human brain using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm (2023)
Journal Article
Carradus, A. J., Bradley, J. M., Gowland, P. A., & Mougin, O. E. (2023). Measuring chemical exchange saturation transfer exchange rates in the human brain using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm. NMR in Biomedicine, 36(11), Article e5001. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.5001

The z‐spectrum contains many pools with different exchange rates and T 2 values, which can make it difficult to interpret in vivo data and complicates the design of experiments aimed at providing sensitivity to one pool. This work aims to characteris... Read More about Measuring chemical exchange saturation transfer exchange rates in the human brain using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm.

MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time (2023)
Journal Article
Alshammari, M. T., Alyami, A. S., Wilkinson-Smith, V., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P., Marciani, L., Moran, G. W., & Hoad, C. L. (2023). MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 35(8), Article e14610. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.14610

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tagging techniques have been applied to the GI tract to assess bowel contractions and content mixing. We aimed to evaluate the dependence of a tagging measurement (for assessing chyme mixing) on inter-obse... Read More about MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time.

A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity (2023)
Journal Article
Xie, C., Xiang, S., Shen, C., Peng, X., Kang, J., Li, Y., Cheng, W., He, S., Banaschewski, T., Barker, G. J., Bokde, A. L., Bromberg, U., Büchel, C., Desrivières, S., Flor, H., Grigis, A., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Ittermann, B., …ZIB Consortium. (2023). A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity. Nature Medicine, 29(5), 1232-1242. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02317-4

Recent studies proposed a general psychopathology factor underlying common comorbidities among psychiatric disorders. However, its neurobiological mechanisms and generalizability remain elusive. In this study, we used a large longitudinal neuroimagin... Read More about A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity.

Trajectories of cortical structures associated with stress across adolescence: a bivariate latent change score approach (2023)
Journal Article
Nweze, T., Banaschewski, T., Ajaelu, C., Okoye, C., Ezenwa, M., Whelan, R., Papadopoulos Orfanos, D., Bokde, A. L., Desrivières, S., Grigis, A., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Brühl, R., Martinot, J., Martinot, M. P., Artiges, E., Nees, F., Paus, T., Poustka, L., …IMAGEN Consortium. (2023). Trajectories of cortical structures associated with stress across adolescence: a bivariate latent change score approach. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64(8), 1159-1175. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13793

Background: Stress exposure in childhood and adolescence has been linked to reductions in cortical structures and cognitive functioning. However, to date, most of these studies have been cross-sectional, limiting the ability to make long-term inferen... Read More about Trajectories of cortical structures associated with stress across adolescence: a bivariate latent change score approach.

Conduct problems are associated with accelerated thinning of emotion-related cortical regions in a community-based sample of adolescents (2023)
Journal Article
Albaugh, M. D., Hudziak, J. J., Spechler, P. A., Chaarani, B., Lepage, C., Jeon, S., Rioux, P., Evans, A. C., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A., Desrivières, S., Flor, H., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Ittermann, B., Martinot, J. L., Martinot, M.-L., Nees, F., Orfanos, D., Poustka, L., …Consortium, I. (2023). Conduct problems are associated with accelerated thinning of emotion-related cortical regions in a community-based sample of adolescents. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 330, Article 111614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111614

Few studies have examined the association between conduct problems and cerebral cortical development. Herein, we characterize the association between age-related brain change and conduct problems in a large longitudinal, community-based sample of ado... Read More about Conduct problems are associated with accelerated thinning of emotion-related cortical regions in a community-based sample of adolescents.

Liver glycogen stores via 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy in healthy children: randomized, controlled study (2023)
Journal Article
Horstman, A. M., Bawden, S. J., Spicer, A., Darwish, N., Goyer, A., Egli, L., Rupp, N., Minehira, K., Gowland, P., Breuillé, D., Macdonald, I. A., & Simpson, E. J. (2023). Liver glycogen stores via 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy in healthy children: randomized, controlled study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 117(4), 709-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.01.014

Background: Owing to its role in glucose homeostasis, liver glycogen concentration ([LGly]) can be a marker of altered metabolism seen in disorders that impact the health of children. However, there is a paucity of normative data for this measure in... Read More about Liver glycogen stores via 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy in healthy children: randomized, controlled study.

Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction (2022)
Journal Article
Bawden, S. J., Hoad, C., Kaye, P., Stephenson, M., Dolman, G., James, M. W., Wilkes, E., Austin, A., Guha, I. N., Francis, S., Gowland, P., & Aithal, G. P. (2023). Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction. Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine, 36(4), 553-563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-022-01052-0

Objective: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides a powerful method of measuring fat fraction. However, previous studies have shown that MRS results give lower values compared with visual estimates from biopsies in fibrotic livers. This study... Read More about Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction.

Anxiety onset in adolescents: a machine-learning prediction (2022)
Journal Article
Chavanne, A. V., Martinot, M.-L. P., Penttilä, J., Grimmer, Y., Conrod, P., Stringaris, A., Van Noort, B., Isensee, C., Becker, A., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L., Desrivières, S., Flor, H., Grigis, A., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Brühl, R., Nees, F., Orfanos, D. P., …Consortium, I. (2022). Anxiety onset in adolescents: a machine-learning prediction. Molecular Psychiatry, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01840-z

Recent longitudinal studies in youth have reported MRI correlates of prospective anxiety symptoms during adolescence, a vulnerable period for the onset of anxiety disorders. However, their predictive value has not been established. Individual predict... Read More about Anxiety onset in adolescents: a machine-learning prediction.

Anxiety onset in adolescents: a machine-learning prediction (2022)
Journal Article
Chavanne, A. V., Paillère Martinot, M. L., Penttilä, J., Grimmer, Y., Conrod, P., Stringaris, A., van Noort, B., Isensee, C., Becker, A., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L. W., Desrivières, S., Flor, H., Grigis, A., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Brühl, R., Nees, F., Papadopoulos Orfanos, D., …IMAGEN consortium. (2022). Anxiety onset in adolescents: a machine-learning prediction. Molecular Psychiatry, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01840-z

Recent longitudinal studies in youth have reported MRI correlates of prospective anxiety symptoms during adolescence, a vulnerable period for the onset of anxiety disorders. However, their predictive value has not been established. Individual predict... Read More about Anxiety onset in adolescents: a machine-learning prediction.

Cortical profiles of numerous psychiatric disorders and normal development share a common pattern (2022)
Journal Article
Cao, Z., Cupertino, R. B., Ottino-Gonzalez, J., Murphy, A., Pancholi, D., Juliano, A., Chaarani, B., Albaugh, M., Yuan, D., Schwab, N., Stafford, J., Goudriaan, A. E., Hutchison, K., Li, C.-S. R., Luijten, M., Groefsema, M., Momenan, R., Schmaal, L., Sinha, R., van Holst, R. J., …ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. (2022). Cortical profiles of numerous psychiatric disorders and normal development share a common pattern. Molecular Psychiatry, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01855-6

The neurobiological bases of the association between development and psychopathology remain poorly understood. Here, we identify a shared spatial pattern of cortical thickness (CT) in normative development and several psychiatric and neurological dis... Read More about Cortical profiles of numerous psychiatric disorders and normal development share a common pattern.

4-dimensional local radial basis function interpolation of large, uniformly spaced datasets (2022)
Journal Article
Thewlis, J., Stevens, D., Power, H., Giddings, D., Gowland, P., & Vloeberghs, M. (2023). 4-dimensional local radial basis function interpolation of large, uniformly spaced datasets. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 228, Article 107235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.107235

Background and Objective: Large, uniformly spaced, complex and time varying datasets derived from high resolution medical image velocimetry can provide a wealth of information regarding small-scale transient physiological flow phenomena and pulsation... Read More about 4-dimensional local radial basis function interpolation of large, uniformly spaced datasets.

Dynamics of T2* and deformation in the placenta and myometrium during pre-labour contractions (2022)
Journal Article
Hutter, J., Kohli, V., Dellschaft, N., Uus, A., Story, L., Steinweg, J. K., Gowland, P., Hajnal, J. V., & Rutherford, M. A. (2022). Dynamics of T2* and deformation in the placenta and myometrium during pre-labour contractions. Scientific Reports, 12(1), Article 18542. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22008-3

Pre-labour uterine contractions, occurring throughout pregnancy, are an important phenomenon involving the placenta in addition to the myometrium. They alter the uterine environment and thus potentially the blood supply to the fetus and may thus prov... Read More about Dynamics of T2* and deformation in the placenta and myometrium during pre-labour contractions.

Psychotic Like Experiences in Healthy Adolescents are Underpinned by Lower Fronto-Temporal Cortical Gyrification: a Study from the IMAGEN Consortium (2022)
Journal Article
Maitra, R., Horne, C. M., O'Daly, O., Papanastasiou, E., Gaser, C., Banaschewski, T., Barker, G. J., Bokde, A. L., Desrivières, S., Flor, H., Grigis, A., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Brühl, R., Martinot, J. L., Martinot, M. L. P., Artiges, E., Nees, F., Orfanos, D. P., …IMAGEN Consortium. (2023). Psychotic Like Experiences in Healthy Adolescents are Underpinned by Lower Fronto-Temporal Cortical Gyrification: a Study from the IMAGEN Consortium. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 49(2), 309-318. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbac132

Background and Hypothesis
Psychotic Like Experiences (PLEs) are widely prevalent in children and adolescents and increase the risk of developing psychosis. Cortical gyrification characterizes brain development from in utero till about the first 2 ye... Read More about Psychotic Like Experiences in Healthy Adolescents are Underpinned by Lower Fronto-Temporal Cortical Gyrification: a Study from the IMAGEN Consortium.

A causal association of ANKRD37 with human hippocampal volume (2022)
Journal Article
Xu, J., Xia, X., Li, Q., Dou, Y., Suo, X., Liu, N., Han, Y., Sun, X., He, Y., Qin, W., Zhang, S., Banaschewski, T., Flor, H., Grigis, A., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Brühl, R., Martinot, J. L., Artiges, E., Nees, F., …Consortium, I. (2022). A causal association of ANKRD37 with human hippocampal volume. Molecular Psychiatry, 27, 4432-4445. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01800-7

Human hippocampal volume has been separately associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), DNA methylation and gene expression, but their causal relationships remain largely unknown. Here, we aimed at identifying the causal relationships of... Read More about A causal association of ANKRD37 with human hippocampal volume.

Assessing General Versus Specific Liability for Externalizing Problems in Adolescence: Concurrent and Prospective Prediction of Symptoms of Conduct Disorder, ADHD, and Substance Use (2022)
Journal Article
Perkins, E. R., Joyner, K. J., Foell, J., Drislane, L. E., Brislin, S. J., Frick, P. J., Yancey, J. R., Soto, E. F., Ganley, C. M., Keel, P. K., Sica, C., Flor, H., Nees, F., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L. W., Quinlan, E. B., Desrivières, S., Grigis, A., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., …Consortium, T. I. (2022). Assessing General Versus Specific Liability for Externalizing Problems in Adolescence: Concurrent and Prospective Prediction of Symptoms of Conduct Disorder, ADHD, and Substance Use. Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, 131(7), 793-807. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000743

This study explored the generality versus specificity of two trait-liability factors for externalizing problems — disinhibition and callousness — in the concurrent and prospective prediction of symptoms of conduct disorder, attention-deficit/hyperact... Read More about Assessing General Versus Specific Liability for Externalizing Problems in Adolescence: Concurrent and Prospective Prediction of Symptoms of Conduct Disorder, ADHD, and Substance Use.

Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium (2022)
Journal Article
de Erausquin, G. A., Snyder, H., Brugha, T. S., Seshadri, S., Carrillo, M., Sagar, R., Huang, Y., Newton, C., Tartaglia, C., Teunissen, C., Håkanson, K., Akinyemi, R., Prasad, K., D'Avossa, G., Gonzalez‐Aleman, G., Hosseini, A., Vavougios, G. D., Sachdev, P., Bankart, J., Mors, N. P. O., …Vahidy, F. S. (2022). Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium. Alzheimer's and Dementia: Translational Research and Clinical Interventions, 8(1), Article e12348. https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12348

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused >3.5 million deaths worldwide and affected >160 million people. At least twice as many have been infected but remained asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. COVID-19 includes central nervo... Read More about Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium.

Global and Regional Structural Differences and Prediction of Autistic Traits during Adolescence (2022)
Journal Article
Nees, F., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L. W., Desrivières, S., Grigis, A., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., Grimmer, Y., Heinz, A., Brühl, R., Isensee, C., Becker, A., Martinot, J. L., Paillère Martinot, M. L., Artiges, E., Papadopoulos Orfanos, D., Lemaître, H., Stringaris, A., van Noort, B., Paus, T., …on behalf of the IMAGEN Consortium. (2022). Global and Regional Structural Differences and Prediction of Autistic Traits during Adolescence. Brain Sciences, 12(9), Article 1187. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12091187

Background: Autistic traits are commonly viewed as dimensional in nature, and as continuously distributed in the general population. In this respect, the identification of predictive values of markers such as subtle autism-related alterations in brai... Read More about Global and Regional Structural Differences and Prediction of Autistic Traits during Adolescence.

Swallow Tail Sign: Revisited (2022)
Journal Article
Brammerloh, M., Kirilina, E., Alkemade, A., Bazin, P.-L., Jantzen, C., Jäger, C., Herrler, A., Pine, K. J., Gowland, P. A., Morawski, M., Forstmann, B. U., & Weiskopf, N. (2022). Swallow Tail Sign: Revisited. Radiology, 305(3), 674-677. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.212696

The loss of the radiologic swallow tail sign on MRI scans of the substantia nigra is a promising diagnostic marker of Parkinson disease (1), although its anatom-ic underpinning is unclear. An early influential study showed th... Read More about Swallow Tail Sign: Revisited.