All Outputs (113)

MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability (2020)
Journal Article
Scott, R. A., Williams, H. G., Hoad, C. L., Alyami, A., Ortori, C. A., Grove, J. I., Marciani, L., Moran, G. W., Spiller, R. C., Menys, A., Aithal, G. P., & Gowland, P. A. (2021). MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 53(5), 1422-1431. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.27463

Background: Increased small bowel permeability leads to bacterial translocation, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers are needed to evaluate these changes in vivo, stratify an individual's risk, and evaluate the efficacy of... Read More about MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability.

Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants (2020)
Journal Article
Heissam, K., Abrehart, N., Hoad, C. L., Wright, J., Menys, A., Murray, K., Glover, P. M., Hebbard, G., Gowland, P. A., Baker, J., Hasler, W. L., Spiller, R. C., Corsetti, M., Brasseur, J. G., Hens, B., Shedden, K., Dickens, J., Mudie, D. M., Amidon, G. E., Amidon, G. L., & Marciani, L. (2020). Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants. PLoS ONE, 15(11), e0241441. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241441

Objective The gastrointestinal environment in which drug products need to disintegrate before the drug can dissolve and be absorbed has not been studied in detail due to limitations, especially invasiveness of existing techniques. Minimal in vivo dat... Read More about Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants.

Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation (2020)
Journal Article
Sharif, H., Abrehart, N., Hoad, C., Murray, K., Perkins, A., Smith, M., Gowland, P., Spiller, R., Harris, R., Kirkham, S., Loganathan, S., Papadopoulos, M., Frost, K., Young Persons Advisory Group, Devadason, D., & Marciani, L. (2020). Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 71(5), 604-611. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002910

Objective: In England, 27,500 children are referred annually to hospital with constipation. An objective measure of whole gut transit time (WGTT) could aid management. The current standard WGTT assessment, the X-ray radiopaque marker (ROM) test, give... Read More about Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation.

Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults (2020)
Journal Article
Krishnasamy, S., Lomer, M. C. E., Marciani, L., Hoad, C. L., Pritchard, S. E., Paul, J., Gowland, P. A., & Spiller, R. C. (2020). Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults. Journal of Nutrition, 150(11), 2890-2899. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa191

Background: Whole apples produce greater satiety than processed apples, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
Objective: Our aim was to assess the intragastric processing of apple preparations and the associated small and large bowel conten... Read More about Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults.

The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge (2020)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Menys, A., Bradley, C., Corsetti, M., Marciani, L., Atkinson, D., Coupland, C., Taylor, S., Gowland, P., Spiller, R., & Hoad, C. (2020). The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 32(11), Article e13942. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13942

Background

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the colonic response to a macrogol challenge drink can be used to assess the mechanisms underlying severe constipation. We measured the intra-subject reproducibility of MRI measures of colonic funct... Read More about The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge.

Dynamic Colon Model (DCM): A Cine-MRI Informed Biorelevant In Vitro Model of the Human Proximal Large Intestine Characterized by Positron Imaging Techniques (2020)
Journal Article
Stamatopoulos, K., Karandikar, S., Goldstein, M., O’Farrell, C., Marciani, L., Sulaiman, S., Hoad, C. L., Simmons, M. J. H., & Batchelor, H. K. (2020). Dynamic Colon Model (DCM): A Cine-MRI Informed Biorelevant In Vitro Model of the Human Proximal Large Intestine Characterized by Positron Imaging Techniques. Pharmaceutics, 12(7), Article 659. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12070659

This work used in vivo MRI images of human colon wall motion to inform a biorelevant Dynamic Colon Model (DCM) to understand the interplay of wall motion, volume, viscosity, fluid, and particle motion within the colon lumen. Hydrodynamics and particl... Read More about Dynamic Colon Model (DCM): A Cine-MRI Informed Biorelevant In Vitro Model of the Human Proximal Large Intestine Characterized by Positron Imaging Techniques.

Contrasting effects of viscous and particulate fibers on colonic fermentation in vitro and in vivo, and their impact on intestinal water studied by MRI in a randomized trial (2020)
Journal Article
Gunn, D., Murthy, R., Major, G., Wilkinson-Smith, V., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Remes-Troche, J., Gil, S., Rossi, M., Harris, H. C., Jarvis, J., Warren, F. J., Whelan, K., & Spiller, R. (2020). Contrasting effects of viscous and particulate fibers on colonic fermentation in vitro and in vivo, and their impact on intestinal water studied by MRI in a randomized trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 112(3), 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa173

Background

Wheat bran, nopal, and psyllium are examples of particulate, viscous and particulate, and viscous fibers, respectively, with laxative properties yet contrasting fermentability.

Objectives

We assessed the fermentability of these fi... Read More about Contrasting effects of viscous and particulate fibers on colonic fermentation in vitro and in vivo, and their impact on intestinal water studied by MRI in a randomized trial.

Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy (2020)
Journal Article
Khalaf, A., Hoad, C. L., Blackshaw, E., Alyami, J., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., Vinayaka-Moorthy, V., Perkins, A. C., Moran, G. W., & Marciani, L. (2020). Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy. Diagnostics, 10(3), Article 170. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10030170

Measurement of gastric emptying is of clinical value for a range of conditions. Gamma scintigraphy (GS) has an established role, but the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently increased. Previous comparison studies between MRI and GS sh... Read More about Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy.

A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids (2020)
Journal Article
Stamatopoulos, K., Pathak, S., Marciani, L., & Turner, D. (2020). A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids. Molecular Pharmaceutics, 17(4), 1310-1323. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00019

In vivo studies have shown cyclic bile salt (BS) outputs during fasting whereas higher amounts have been observed in fed states. This leads to fluctuations of intestinal BS concentrations ([BS]) that can affect the rate and extent of absorption of li... Read More about A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids.

A simple and efficient method for polymer coating of iron oxide nanoparticles (2019)
Journal Article
Abushrida, A., Elhuni, I., Taresco, V., Marciani, L., Stolnik, S., & Garnett, M. C. (2020). A simple and efficient method for polymer coating of iron oxide nanoparticles. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 55, Article 101460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101460

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) have many possible uses including as MRI contrast agents, for drug delivery and cell labelling, but need to be stabilised and to be rendered biocompatible through appropriate coatings. Many current coatings are subopti... Read More about A simple and efficient method for polymer coating of iron oxide nanoparticles.

Imaging Measurement of Whole Gut Transit Time in Paediatric and Adult Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis (2019)
Journal Article
Sharif, H., Devadason, D., Abrehart, N., Stevenson, R., & Marciani, L. (2019). Imaging Measurement of Whole Gut Transit Time in Paediatric and Adult Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis. Diagnostics, 9(4), Article 221. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9040221

Background: functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are common conditions in children and adults, often associated with abnormalities of whole gut transit. Currently, transit tests can be performed using several imaging methods including trackin... Read More about Imaging Measurement of Whole Gut Transit Time in Paediatric and Adult Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.

Alginate and HM-pectin in sports-drink give rise to intra-gastric gelation in-vivo (2019)
Journal Article
Marciani, L., Lopez-Sanchez, P., Pettersson, S., Hoad, C., Abrehart, N., Ahnoff, M., & Strömf, A. (2019). Alginate and HM-pectin in sports-drink give rise to intra-gastric gelation in-vivo. Food and Function, 10(12), 7892-7899. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FO01617A

The addition of gelling polysaccharides to sport-drinks may provide improved tolerability of drinks with high concentration of digestible carbohydrates (CHO), otherwise known to increase the risk of gastro-intestinal complaints among athletes under p... Read More about Alginate and HM-pectin in sports-drink give rise to intra-gastric gelation in-vivo.

Gastrointestinal peptides and small bowel hypomotility are possible causes for fasting and postprandial symptoms in active Crohn’s disease (2019)
Journal Article
Khalaf, A., Hoad, C. L., Menys, A., Nowak, A., Radford, S., Taylor, S. A., Latief, K., Lingaya, M., Falcone, Y., Singh, G., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., Marciani, L., & Moran, G. W. (2020). Gastrointestinal peptides and small bowel hypomotility are possible causes for fasting and postprandial symptoms in active Crohn’s disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 111(1), 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz240

Background
Crohn's disease (CD) patients suffer postprandial aversive symptoms, which can lead to anorexia and malnutrition. Changes in the regulation of gut hormones and gut dysmotility are believed to play a role.

Objectives
This study aimed t... Read More about Gastrointestinal peptides and small bowel hypomotility are possible causes for fasting and postprandial symptoms in active Crohn’s disease.

Glycemic, Gastrointestinal, Hormonal and Appetitive Responses to Pearl Millet or Oats Porridge Breakfasts: a Randomized, Crossover Trial in Healthy Humans (2019)
Journal Article
Alyami, J., Whitehouse, E., Yakubov, G. E., Pritchard, S. E., Hoad, C. L., Blackshaw, E., Heissam, K., Cordon, S. M., Bligh, H. F. J., Spiller, R. C., Macdonald, I. A., Aithal, G. P., Gowland, P. A., Taylor, M. A., & Marciani, L. (2019). Glycemic, Gastrointestinal, Hormonal and Appetitive Responses to Pearl Millet or Oats Porridge Breakfasts: a Randomized, Crossover Trial in Healthy Humans. British Journal of Nutrition, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114519001880

Whole grain cereal breakfast consumption has been associated with beneficial effects on glucose and insulin metabolism as well as satiety. Pearl millet is a popular ancient grain variety that can be grown in hot, dry regions. However, little is known... Read More about Glycemic, Gastrointestinal, Hormonal and Appetitive Responses to Pearl Millet or Oats Porridge Breakfasts: a Randomized, Crossover Trial in Healthy Humans.

Increased fasting small-bowel water content in untreated coeliac disease and scleroderma as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (2019)
Journal Article
Lam, C., Sanders, D., Lanyon, P., Garsed, K., Foley, S., Pritchard, S., Marciani, L., Hoad, C. L., Costigan, C., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2019). Increased fasting small-bowel water content in untreated coeliac disease and scleroderma as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. United European Gastroenterology Journal, 7(10), 1353-1360. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050640619860372

Background and aims: The regular overnight migrating motor complex (MMC) ensures that the normal fasting small bowel water content (SBWC) is minimised. We have applied our recently validated non-invasive magnetic resonance technique to assess SBWC... Read More about Increased fasting small-bowel water content in untreated coeliac disease and scleroderma as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging.

A pilot study of visceral fat and its association with adipokines, stool calprotectin and symptoms in patients with diverticulosis (2019)
Journal Article
Murray, K., Hoad, C., Garratt, J., Kaviani, M., Marciani, L., Smith, J., Siegmund, B., Gowland, P., Humes, D., & Spiller, R. (2019). A pilot study of visceral fat and its association with adipokines, stool calprotectin and symptoms in patients with diverticulosis. PLoS ONE, 14(5), Article e0216528. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216528

Background
Complications of diverticular disease are increasingly common, possibly linked to increasing obesity. Visceral fat could contribute to the development of symptomatic diverticular disease through its pro-inflammatory effects.

Objective... Read More about A pilot study of visceral fat and its association with adipokines, stool calprotectin and symptoms in patients with diverticulosis.

Intraluminal impact of food: New insights from MRI (2019)
Journal Article
Marciani, L., & Spiller, R. (2019). Intraluminal impact of food: New insights from MRI. Nutrients, 11(5), Article 1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11051147

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Understanding how the gut responds to food has always been limited by the available investigatory techniques. Previous methods involving intubation and aspiration are largely limited to liquid... Read More about Intraluminal impact of food: New insights from MRI.

The mechanisms of pharmacokinetic food-drug interactions: A perspective from the UNGAP group (2019)
Journal Article
Koziolek, M., Alcaro, S., Augustijns, P., Basit, A. W., Grimm, M., Hens, B., Hoad, C. L., Jedamzik, P., Madla, C. M., Maliepaard, M., Marciani, L., Maruca, A., Parrott, N., Pávek, P., Porter, C. J., Reppas, C., van Riet-Nales, D., Rubbens, J., Statelova, M., Trevaskis, N. L., …Corsetti, M. (2019). The mechanisms of pharmacokinetic food-drug interactions: A perspective from the UNGAP group. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 134, 31-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2019.04.003

The simultaneous intake of food and drugs can have a strong impact on drug release, absorption, distribution, metabolism and/or elimination and consequently, on the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy. As such, food-drug interactions are one of th... Read More about The mechanisms of pharmacokinetic food-drug interactions: A perspective from the UNGAP group.

MRI of the colon in the pharmaceutical field: the future before us (2019)
Journal Article
Sulaiman, S., & Marciani, L. (2019). MRI of the colon in the pharmaceutical field: the future before us. Pharmaceutics, 11(4), Article 146. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11040146

Oral solid drug formulation is the most common route for administration and it is vital to increase knowledge of the gastrointestinal physiological environment to understand dissolution and absorption processes and to develop reliable biorelevant in... Read More about MRI of the colon in the pharmaceutical field: the future before us.

Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI (STMM) analysis of the stomach and colon (2019)
Journal Article
Menys, A., Hoad, C., Spiller, R., Scott, M., Atkinson, D., Marciani, L., & Taylor, S. (2019). Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI (STMM) analysis of the stomach and colon. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(5), https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13557

Background:
MRI is increasingly used to objectively assess gastrointestinal motility. However, motility metrics often do no not offer insights into the nature of contractile action. This study introduces a systematic method of making spatiotemporal... Read More about Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI (STMM) analysis of the stomach and colon.