Professor ALASDAIR CAIRNS's Outputs (31)

Investigating the impact of copper leaching on combustion characteristics and particulate emissions in HPCR diesel engines (2019)
Journal Article
La Rocca, A., Ferrante, A., Haffner-Staton, E., Cairns, A., Weilhard, A., Sans, V., Carlucci, A. P., & Laforgia, D. (2020). Investigating the impact of copper leaching on combustion characteristics and particulate emissions in HPCR diesel engines. Fuel, 263, Article 116719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116719

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Copper leaching in diesel fuel and its impact on combustion and emission characteristics of a Direct Injection High Pressure Common Rail (DI HPCR) diesel engine was investigated. This work was performed using a single cylinder Ric... Read More about Investigating the impact of copper leaching on combustion characteristics and particulate emissions in HPCR diesel engines.

Assessing the Accuracy of Soot Nanoparticle Morphology Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Electron Tomography (2019)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Haffner-Staton, E., La Rocca, A., Cairns, A., McGhee, M., & Fay, M. Assessing the Accuracy of Soot Nanoparticle Morphology Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Electron Tomography. Presented at WCX SAE World Congress Experience

Morphology plays an important role in determining behaviour and impact of soot nanoparticles, including effect on human health, atmospheric optical properties, contribution to engine wear, and role in marine ecology. However, its nanoscopic size has... Read More about Assessing the Accuracy of Soot Nanoparticle Morphology Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Electron Tomography.

A study of hydrous ethanol combustion in an optical central direct injection spark ignition engine (2019)
Journal Article
Koupaie, M. M., Cairns, A., Vafamehr, H., & Lanzanova, T. D. M. (2019). A study of hydrous ethanol combustion in an optical central direct injection spark ignition engine. Applied Energy, 237, 258-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.093

The aim of this experimental work was to improve understanding of the influence of hydrous ethanol on combustion in an engine demonstrating a tendency for biased flame migration towards the hotter exhaust walls as often reported for typical modern pe... Read More about A study of hydrous ethanol combustion in an optical central direct injection spark ignition engine.

Cyclically resolved flame and flow imaging in an alcohol fuelled SI engine (2018)
Journal Article
Moslemin Koupaie, M., Cairns, A., Xia, J., Vafamehr, H., & Lanzanova, T. (2019). Cyclically resolved flame and flow imaging in an alcohol fuelled SI engine. Fuel, 237, 874-887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.10.075

The work was concerned with improving understanding of the interaction of the bulk in-cylinder flow with turbulent premixed flame propagation when using varied fuels including iso-octane, ethanol or butanol. The experiments were performed in a single... Read More about Cyclically resolved flame and flow imaging in an alcohol fuelled SI engine.

Study on pollutants formation under knocking combustion conditions using an optical single cylinder SI research engine (2018)
Journal Article
Karvountzis-Kontakiotis, A., Vafamehr, H., Cairns, A., & Peckham, M. (2018). Study on pollutants formation under knocking combustion conditions using an optical single cylinder SI research engine. Energy, 158, 899-910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.063

The aim of this experimental study is to investigate the pollutants formation and cyclic emission variability under knocking combustion conditions. A great number of studies extensively describe the phenomenon of knock and its combustion characterist... Read More about Study on pollutants formation under knocking combustion conditions using an optical single cylinder SI research engine.

A study of transient over-fuelling during heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine (2018)
Journal Article
Vafamehr, H., Cairns, A., & Ebne-Abbasi, H. (in press). A study of transient over-fuelling during heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine. International Journal of Powertrains, 7(1/2/3), https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPT.2018.10011458

The work was concerned with improving understanding of the effects of transient over-fuelling during heavy knocking combustion in modern spark ignition engines. The single cylinder engine employed included full bore overhead optical access capable of... Read More about A study of transient over-fuelling during heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine.

Evaluation of intake charge hydrogen enrichment in a heavy-duty diesel engine (2017)
Journal Article
Monemian, E., Cairns, A., Gilmore, M., Newman, D., & Scott, K. (in press). Evaluation of intake charge hydrogen enrichment in a heavy-duty diesel engine. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407017738375

Concerns over CO2 emissions and global warming continue to enforce the transport sector to reduce the fuel consumption of heavy duty diesel goods vehicles as one major contributor of CO2. Such powertrain platforms look set to remain the dominant sour... Read More about Evaluation of intake charge hydrogen enrichment in a heavy-duty diesel engine.

Hydrogen and oxygen fuel enrichment effects on a HD diesel engine (2017)
Journal Article
Monemian, E., Cairns, A., & Pedrozo, V. (2017). Hydrogen and oxygen fuel enrichment effects on a HD diesel engine. International Journal of Engine Research, 47(47),

Implementing emission regulations in the transport sector is enforcing manufacturers to improve performance of Heavy Duty (HD) vehicles as they are accountable for 25% of CO2 emissions within EU. The currently reported research was involved with eval... Read More about Hydrogen and oxygen fuel enrichment effects on a HD diesel engine.

The competing chemical and physical effects of transient fuel enrichment on heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine (2016)
Journal Article
Vafamehr, H., Cairns, A., Sampson, O., & Mohammadmohsen Moslemin, K. (2016). The competing chemical and physical effects of transient fuel enrichment on heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine. Applied Energy, 179, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.038

The work was concerned with improving understanding of the chemical and physical trade-offs when employing transient over-fuelling to control auto-ignition in gasoline spark ignition engines under knock intensities not usually tolerated in optical en... Read More about The competing chemical and physical effects of transient fuel enrichment on heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine.

Experimental analysis of ethanol dual-fuel combustion in a heavy-duty diesel engine: An optimisation at low load (2015)
Journal Article
Pedrozo, V. B., May, I., Dalla Nora, M., Cairns, A., & Zhao, H. (2016). Experimental analysis of ethanol dual-fuel combustion in a heavy-duty diesel engine: An optimisation at low load. Applied Energy, 165, 166-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.052

Conventional diesel combustion produces harmful exhaust emissions which adversely affect the air quality if not controlled by in-cylinder measures and exhaust aftertreatment systems. Dual-fuel combustion can potentially reduce the formation of nitrog... Read More about Experimental analysis of ethanol dual-fuel combustion in a heavy-duty diesel engine: An optimisation at low load.

Experimental investigation of direct injection charge cooling in optical GDI engine using tracer-based PLIF technique (2014)
Journal Article
Anbari Attar, M., Reza Herfatmanesh, M., Zhao, H., & Cairns, A. (2014). Experimental investigation of direct injection charge cooling in optical GDI engine using tracer-based PLIF technique. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 59, 96-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2014.07.020

Investigation of direct injection charge cooling effects is indispensable in design and development of new combustion systems for Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines. The charge cooling can be utilized to increase engine volumetric efficiency or... Read More about Experimental investigation of direct injection charge cooling in optical GDI engine using tracer-based PLIF technique.