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Outputs (102)

The impact of ageing on adults with cerebral palsy (2023)
Journal Article
Bell, B., Shah, S., Coulson, N., McLaughlin, J., Logan, P., Luke, R., & Avery, A. J. (2023). The impact of ageing on adults with cerebral palsy. British Journal of General Practice Open, 7(4), Article 0028. https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGPO.2023.0028

Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common neurological disorders in children and results in lifelong physical impairments. Adults with CP have approximately the same life expectancy as their non-disabled peers, so helping them to stay... Read More about The impact of ageing on adults with cerebral palsy.

Evaluating the UK's first national prescribing assessment for GPs in training using an online survey (2023)
Journal Article
Knox, R., Bell, B., Salema, N., Emerson, K., Bodgener, S., Rial, J., …Avery, A. J. (2023). Evaluating the UK's first national prescribing assessment for GPs in training using an online survey. BJGP Open, 7(4), Article 044. https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGPO.2023.0044

Background GP trainees may not have experienced a systematic and comprehensive education in safe prescribing. Therefore, a self-assessment prescribing review was developed. Aim To determine whether the assessment was feasible, had face validity, a... Read More about Evaluating the UK's first national prescribing assessment for GPs in training using an online survey.

Frequency and impact of medication reviews for people aged 65 years or above in UK primary care: an observational study using electronic health records (2023)
Journal Article
Joseph, R. M., Knaggs, R. D., Coupland, C. A., Taylor, A., Vinogradova, Y., Butler, D., …Jack, R. H. (2023). Frequency and impact of medication reviews for people aged 65 years or above in UK primary care: an observational study using electronic health records. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1), Article 435. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04143-2

Background Medication reviews in primary care provide an opportunity to review and discuss the safety and appropriateness of a person’s medicines. However, there is limited evidence about access to and the impact of routine medication reviews for old... Read More about Frequency and impact of medication reviews for people aged 65 years or above in UK primary care: an observational study using electronic health records.

Changes in medication safety indicators in England throughout the covid-19 pandemic using OpenSAFELY: population based, retrospective cohort study of 57 million patients using federated analytics (2023)
Journal Article
Fisher, L., Hopcroft, L. E., Rodgers, S., Barrett, J., Oliver, K., Avery, A. J., …MacKenna, B. (2023). Changes in medication safety indicators in England throughout the covid-19 pandemic using OpenSAFELY: population based, retrospective cohort study of 57 million patients using federated analytics. BMJ Medicine, 2(1), Article e000392. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjmed-2022-000392

Objective: To implement complex, PINCER (pharmacist led information technology intervention) prescribing indicators, on a national scale with general practice data to describe the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on safe prescribing. Design: Popula... Read More about Changes in medication safety indicators in England throughout the covid-19 pandemic using OpenSAFELY: population based, retrospective cohort study of 57 million patients using federated analytics.

Patient safety in prisons: a multi-method analysis of reported incidents in England (2023)
Journal Article
McFadzean, I. J., Davies, K., Purchase, T., Edwards, A., Hellard, S., Ashcroft, D. M., …Carson-Stevens, A. (2023). Patient safety in prisons: a multi-method analysis of reported incidents in England. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 116(7), 236-245. https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768231166138

Objectives Prisoners use healthcare services three times more frequently than the general population with poorer health outcomes. Their distinct healthcare needs often pose challenges to safe healthcare provision. This study aimed to characterise pa... Read More about Patient safety in prisons: a multi-method analysis of reported incidents in England.

Retrospective review of medication-related incidents at a major teaching hospital and the potential mitigation of these incidents with electronic prescribing and medicines administration (2023)
Journal Article
Cattell, M., Hyde, K., Bell, B., Dawson, T., Hills, T., Iyen, B., …Avery, A. (in press). Retrospective review of medication-related incidents at a major teaching hospital and the potential mitigation of these incidents with electronic prescribing and medicines administration. European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Article 003515. https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2022-003515

Objectives To describe the frequency of the different types of medication-related incidents that caused patient harm, or adverse consequences, in a major teaching hospital and investigate whether the likelihood of these incidents occurring would hav... Read More about Retrospective review of medication-related incidents at a major teaching hospital and the potential mitigation of these incidents with electronic prescribing and medicines administration.

Retrospective review of medication-related incidents at a major teaching hospital and the potential mitigation of these incidents with electronic prescribing and medicines administration (2023)
Journal Article
Cattell, M., Hyde, K., Bell, B., Dawson, T., Hills, T., Iyen, B., …Avery, A. (2023). Retrospective review of medication-related incidents at a major teaching hospital and the potential mitigation of these incidents with electronic prescribing and medicines administration. European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2022-003515

Objectives: To describe the frequency of the different types of medication-related incidents that caused patient harm, or adverse consequences, in a major teaching hospital and investigate whether the likelihood of these incidents occurring would hav... Read More about Retrospective review of medication-related incidents at a major teaching hospital and the potential mitigation of these incidents with electronic prescribing and medicines administration.

Scaling-up a pharmacist-led information technology intervention (PINCER) to reduce hazardous prescribing in general practices: Multiple interrupted time series study (2022)
Journal Article
Rodgers, S., Taylor, A. C., Roberts, S. A., Allen, T., Ashcroft, D. M., Barrett, J., …Avery, A. J. (2022). Scaling-up a pharmacist-led information technology intervention (PINCER) to reduce hazardous prescribing in general practices: Multiple interrupted time series study. PLoS Medicine, 19(11), Article e1004133. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004133

Background: We previously reported on a randomised trial demonstrating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a pharmacist-led information technology intervention (PINCER). We sought to investigate whether PINCER was effective in reducing hazard... Read More about Scaling-up a pharmacist-led information technology intervention (PINCER) to reduce hazardous prescribing in general practices: Multiple interrupted time series study.

Helicobacter pylori eradication for primary prevention of peptic ulcer bleeding in older patients prescribed aspirin in primary care (HEAT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (2022)
Journal Article
Hawkey, C., Avery, A., Coupland, C. A., Crooks, C., Dumbleton, J., Hobbs, F. D. R., …Hodgson, S. (2022). Helicobacter pylori eradication for primary prevention of peptic ulcer bleeding in older patients prescribed aspirin in primary care (HEAT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 400(10363), 1597-1606. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2822%2901843-8

Background: Peptic ulcers in patients receiving aspirin are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. We aimed to investigate whether H pylori eradication would protect against aspirin-associated ulcer bleeding. Methods: We conducted a randomise... Read More about Helicobacter pylori eradication for primary prevention of peptic ulcer bleeding in older patients prescribed aspirin in primary care (HEAT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Allopurinol versus usual care in UK patients with ischaemic heart disease (ALL-HEART): a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial (2022)
Journal Article
Mackenzie, I. S., Hawkey, C. J., Ford, I., Greenlaw, N., Pigazzani, F., Rogers, A., …MacDonald, T. M. (2022). Allopurinol versus usual care in UK patients with ischaemic heart disease (ALL-HEART): a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial. Lancet, 400(10359), 1195-1205. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2822%2901657-9

Background: Allopurinol is a urate-lowering therapy used to treat patients with gout. Previous studies have shown that allopurinol has positive effects on several cardiovascular parameters. The ALL-HEART study aimed to determine whether allopurinol t... Read More about Allopurinol versus usual care in UK patients with ischaemic heart disease (ALL-HEART): a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial.

Understanding factors that could influence patient acceptability of the use of the PINCER intervention in primary care: A qualitative exploration using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (2022)
Journal Article
Laing, L., Salema, N., Jeffries, M., Shamsuddin, A., Sheikh, A., Chuter, A., …Keers, R. N. (2022). Understanding factors that could influence patient acceptability of the use of the PINCER intervention in primary care: A qualitative exploration using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. PLoS ONE, 17(10), Article e0275633. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275633

Introduction Medication errors are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The pharmacist-led IT-based intervention to reduce clinically important medication errors (PINCER) intervention was shown to reduce medication errors when tested in a c... Read More about Understanding factors that could influence patient acceptability of the use of the PINCER intervention in primary care: A qualitative exploration using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability.

Electronic prescribing systems in hospitals to improve medication safety: a multimethods research programme (2022)
Journal Article
Sheikh, A., Coleman, J., Chuter, A., Williams, R., Lilford, R., Slee, A., …Watson, N. (2022). Electronic prescribing systems in hospitals to improve medication safety: a multimethods research programme. Programme Grants for Applied Research, 10(7), 1-164. https://doi.org/10.3310/KSRS2009

Background: There is a need to identify approaches to reduce medication errors. Interest has converged on ePrescribing systems that incorporate computerised provider order entry and clinical decision support functionality. Objectives: We sought to de... Read More about Electronic prescribing systems in hospitals to improve medication safety: a multimethods research programme.

Understanding factors influencing uptake and sustainable use of the PINCER intervention at scale: A qualitative evaluation using Normalisation Process Theory (2022)
Journal Article
Laing, L., Salema, N. E., Jeffries, M., Shamsuddin, A., Sheikh, A., Chuter, A., …Keers, R. N. (2022). Understanding factors influencing uptake and sustainable use of the PINCER intervention at scale: A qualitative evaluation using Normalisation Process Theory. PLoS ONE, 17(9), Article e0274560. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274560

INTRODUCTION: Medication errors are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The pharmacist-led IT-based intervention to reduce clinically important medication errors (PINCER) has demonstrated improvements in primary care medication safety, and... Read More about Understanding factors influencing uptake and sustainable use of the PINCER intervention at scale: A qualitative evaluation using Normalisation Process Theory.

The frequency and nature of prescribing problems by GPs-in-training (REVISiT): a retrospective review (2022)
Journal Article
Salema, N. E., Bell, B., Marsden, K., Gookey, G., Swanwick, G., Bassi, M., …Knox, R. (2022). The frequency and nature of prescribing problems by GPs-in-training (REVISiT): a retrospective review. BJGP Open, 6(3), Article BJGPO.2021.0231. https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGPO.2021.0231

Background: Prescribing errors can cause significant morbidity and occur in about 5% of prescriptions in English general practices. Aim: To describe the frequency and nature of prescribing problems in a cohort of GPs-in-training to determine whether... Read More about The frequency and nature of prescribing problems by GPs-in-training (REVISiT): a retrospective review.

Association between Gout Flare and Subsequent Cardiovascular Events among Patients with Gout (2022)
Journal Article
Cipolletta, E., Tata, L. J., Nakafero, G., Avery, A. J., Mamas, M. A., & Abhishek, A. (2022). Association between Gout Flare and Subsequent Cardiovascular Events among Patients with Gout. Journal of the American Medical Association, 328(5), 440-450. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.11390

Importance: Gout is associated with cardiovascular diseases. The temporal association between gout flares and cardiovascular events has not been investigated. Objective: To investigate whether there is a transient increase in risk of cardiovascular e... Read More about Association between Gout Flare and Subsequent Cardiovascular Events among Patients with Gout.

Serum urate outcomes of treat-to-target urate lowering treatment: results of a nationwide cohort study from 1997 to the COVID-19 pandemic using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (2022)
Journal Article
Abhishek, A., Cipolletta, E., Nakafero, G., Avery, A. J., Mamas, M., & Tata, L. J. (2022). Serum urate outcomes of treat-to-target urate lowering treatment: results of a nationwide cohort study from 1997 to the COVID-19 pandemic using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 81(12), https://doi.org/10.1136/ard-2022-222668

Recruitment to a large scale randomised controlled clinical trial in primary care: the Helicobacter Eradication Aspirin Trial (HEAT) (2022)
Journal Article
Stevenson, D. J., Avery, A. J., Coupland, C., Hobbs, F. D. R., Kendrick, D., Moore, M. V., …Dumbleton, J. S. (2022). Recruitment to a large scale randomised controlled clinical trial in primary care: the Helicobacter Eradication Aspirin Trial (HEAT). Trials, 23(1), Article 140. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-022-06054-w

Background: The Helicobacter Eradication Aspirin Trial (HEAT) is a multicentre, double blind, randomised controlled trial investigating whether Helicobacter (H.) pylori eradication reduces hospitalisation for peptic ulcer bleeding. Recruited particip... Read More about Recruitment to a large scale randomised controlled clinical trial in primary care: the Helicobacter Eradication Aspirin Trial (HEAT).

Has the gout epidemic peaked in the UK? A nationwide cohort study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, from 1997 to across the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021 (2022)
Journal Article
Abhishek, A., Tata, L. J., Mamas, M., & Avery, A. J. (2022). Has the gout epidemic peaked in the UK? A nationwide cohort study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, from 1997 to across the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 81(6), 898-899. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221989

Managing medicines at the end of life: a position paper for health policy and practice (2021)
Journal Article
Latif, A., Faull, C., Waring, J., Wilson, E., Anderson, C., Avery, A., & Pollock, K. (2021). Managing medicines at the end of life: a position paper for health policy and practice. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 35(9), 368-377. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-11-2020-0440

Purpose The impact of population aging is significant, multifaceted and characterised by frailty and multi-morbidity. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated care pathways and policies promoting self-management and home-based care. One under-researched... Read More about Managing medicines at the end of life: a position paper for health policy and practice.

Managing medicines at the end of life: a position paper for health policy and practice (2021)
Journal Article
Latif, A., Faull, C., Waring, J., Wilson, E., Anderson, C., Avery, A., & Pollock, K. (2021). Managing medicines at the end of life: a position paper for health policy and practice. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 35(9), 368-377. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-11-2020-0440

Purpose: The impact of population ageing is significant, multifaceted and characterised by frailty and multi-morbidity. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated care pathways and policies promoting self-management and home-based care. One under-research... Read More about Managing medicines at the end of life: a position paper for health policy and practice.

Understanding and addressing vaccine hesitancy in the context of COVID-19: development of a digital intervention (2021)
Journal Article
Knight, H., Jia, R., Ayling, K., Bradbury, K., Baker, K., Chalder, T., …Vedhara, K. (2021). Understanding and addressing vaccine hesitancy in the context of COVID-19: development of a digital intervention. Public Health, 201, 98-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2021.10.006

Objectives: Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in late 2019, spreading to over 200 countries and resulting in almost two million deaths worldwide. The emergence of safe and effective vaccines provides a route out of th... Read More about Understanding and addressing vaccine hesitancy in the context of COVID-19: development of a digital intervention.

Evaluating the safety of mental health-related prescribing in UK primary care: a cross-sectional study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) (2021)
Journal Article
Khawagi, W. Y., Steinke, D., Carr, M. J., Wright, A. K., Ashcroft, D. M., Avery, A., & Neil Keers, R. (2022). Evaluating the safety of mental health-related prescribing in UK primary care: a cross-sectional study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). BMJ Quality and Safety, 31(5), 364-378. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2021-013427

Background: Most patients with mental illness are managed in primary care, yet there is a lack of data exploring potential prescribing safety issues in this setting for this population. Objectives: Examine the prevalence of, between-practice var... Read More about Evaluating the safety of mental health-related prescribing in UK primary care: a cross-sectional study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).

Family and health-care professionals managing medicines for patients with serious and terminal illness at home: a qualitative study (2021)
Journal Article
Pollock, K., Wilson, E., Caswell, G., Latif, A., Caswell, A., Avery, A., …Faul, C. (2021). Family and health-care professionals managing medicines for patients with serious and terminal illness at home: a qualitative study. Health Services and Delivery Research, 9(14), 1-162. https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr09140

Background More effective ways of managing symptoms of chronic and terminal illness enable patients to be cared for, and to die, at home. This requires patients and family caregivers to manage complex medicines regimens, including powerful painkille... Read More about Family and health-care professionals managing medicines for patients with serious and terminal illness at home: a qualitative study.

Strategies supporting sustainable prescribing safety improvement interventions in English primary care: a qualitative study (2021)
Journal Article
Shamsuddin, A., Jeffries, M., Sheikh, A., Laing, L., Salema, N., Avery, A. J., …Keers, R. N. (2021). Strategies supporting sustainable prescribing safety improvement interventions in English primary care: a qualitative study. BJGP Open, 5(5), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0109

Background: While the use of prescribing safety indicators (PSI) can reduce potentially hazardous prescribing, there is a need to identify actionable strategies for the successful implementation and sustainable delivery of PSI-based interventions in... Read More about Strategies supporting sustainable prescribing safety improvement interventions in English primary care: a qualitative study.

Virtual consultation for red eye (2021)
Journal Article
Ho, C. S., Avery, A. J., Livingstone, I. A., & Ting, D. S. (2021). Virtual consultation for red eye. BMJ, 373, Article n1490. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1490

This article was written with the aim of helping primary care doctors to reflect on their knowledge and skills in managing common ophthalmic condition such as red eye in the community via virtual consultations. Expert opinions (from both ophthalmolog... Read More about Virtual consultation for red eye.

Anticholinergic drugs and risk of dementia: Time for action? (2021)
Journal Article
Bell, B., Avery, A., Bishara, D., Coupland, C., Ashcroft, D., & Orrell, M. (2021). Anticholinergic drugs and risk of dementia: Time for action?. Pharmacology Research and Perspectives, 9(3), Article e00793. https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.793

Evidence suggests that the prescription of bladder anticholinergics is increasing. Recent studies have accentuated concerns about whether certain prescribed medications could increase risk of dementia, including anticholinergic drugs, and specificall... Read More about Anticholinergic drugs and risk of dementia: Time for action?.

The implementation, use and sustainability of a clinical decision support system for medication optimisation in primary care: A qualitative evaluation (2021)
Journal Article
Jeffries, M., Salema, N., Laing, L., Shamsuddin, A., Sheikh, A., Avery, A., …Keers, R. (2021). The implementation, use and sustainability of a clinical decision support system for medication optimisation in primary care: A qualitative evaluation. PLoS ONE, 16(5), Article e0250946. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250946

Background: The quality and safety of prescribing in general practice is important, Clinical decision support (CDS) systems can be used which present alerts to health professionals when prescribing in order to identify patients at risk of potentiall... Read More about The implementation, use and sustainability of a clinical decision support system for medication optimisation in primary care: A qualitative evaluation.

From policy to patient: Using a socio-ecological framework to explore the factors influencing safe practice in UK primary care (2021)
Journal Article
Litchfield, I., Perryman, K., Campbell, S., Avery, A., Gill, P., & Greenfield, S. (2021). From policy to patient: Using a socio-ecological framework to explore the factors influencing safe practice in UK primary care. Social Science and Medicine, 277, Article 113906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113906

Background: The recent and rapid changes in the model of primary care delivery have led to an increased focus on patient safety in what is one of the most diverse and complex healthcare settings. However, previous initiatives have failed to deliver t... Read More about From policy to patient: Using a socio-ecological framework to explore the factors influencing safe practice in UK primary care.

The evaluation of an e-learning prescribing course for general practice (2021)
Journal Article
Salema, N., Clement, N., Hysenagolli, R., Hibberd, R., Bell, B. G., Gookey, G., …Knox, R. (2021). The evaluation of an e-learning prescribing course for general practice. Education for Primary Care, 32(4), 219-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/14739879.2021.1874250

Prescribed medication may lead to significant morbidity or mortality as a result of these medications causing adverse events, or because of a prescribing error. E-learning is a common tool used in supporting training in prescribing. This paper descri... Read More about The evaluation of an e-learning prescribing course for general practice.

Identifying anticholinergic burden in clinical practice (2021)
Journal Article
Bell, B., & Avery, A. (2021). Identifying anticholinergic burden in clinical practice. Prescriber, 32(3), 20-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/psb.1901

Anticholinergic medications are associated with a wide range of adverse effects to which elderly patients are particularly susceptible. This article discusses the various ways that anticholinergic burden can be measured, how these can be used to help... Read More about Identifying anticholinergic burden in clinical practice.

Effects of non-pharmacological interventions as vaccine adjuvants in humans: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Vedhara, K., Royal, S., Sunger, K., Caldwell, D. M., Halliday, V., Taylor, C. M., …Welton, N. J. (2021). Effects of non-pharmacological interventions as vaccine adjuvants in humans: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 15(2), 245-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2020.1854050

© 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Introduction: Psychological and behavioural may enhance vaccine effectiveness. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to examine the effects of non-pharmacologi... Read More about Effects of non-pharmacological interventions as vaccine adjuvants in humans: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Incidence, nature and causes of avoidable significant harm in primary care in England: retrospective case note review (2020)
Journal Article
Avery, A. J., Sheehan, C. L., Bell, B. G., Armstrong, S. J., Ashcroft, D. M., Boyd, M. J., …Carson-Stevens, A. (2021). Incidence, nature and causes of avoidable significant harm in primary care in England: retrospective case note review. BMJ Quality and Safety, 30(12), 961-976. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2020-011405

Objective To estimate the incidence of avoidable significant harm in primary care in England; describe and classify the associated patient safety incidents and generate suggestions to mitigate risks of ameliorable factors contributing to the incident... Read More about Incidence, nature and causes of avoidable significant harm in primary care in England: retrospective case note review.

Preventable medication harm across health care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Hodkinson, A., Tyler, N., Ashcroft, D. M., Keers, R. N., Khan, K., Phipps, D., …Campbell, S. (2020). Preventable medication harm across health care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medicine, 18(1), Article 313. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01774-9

Background: Mitigating or reducing the risk of medication harm is a global policy priority. But evidence reflecting preventable medication harm in medical care and the factors that derive this harm remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the... Read More about Preventable medication harm across health care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Evaluation of a pharmacist-led actionable audit and feedback intervention for improving medication safety in UK primary care: An interrupted time series analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Peek, N., Gude, W. T., Keers, R. N., Williams, R., Kontopantelis, E., Jeffries, M., …Ashcroft, D. M. (2020). Evaluation of a pharmacist-led actionable audit and feedback intervention for improving medication safety in UK primary care: An interrupted time series analysis. PLoS Medicine, 17(10), Article e1003286. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003286

Background: We evaluated the impact of the pharmacist-led Safety Medication dASHboard (SMASH) intervention on medication safety in primary care. Methods and findings: SMASH comprised (1) training of clinical pharmacists to deliver the intervention... Read More about Evaluation of a pharmacist-led actionable audit and feedback intervention for improving medication safety in UK primary care: An interrupted time series analysis.

Over-The-Counter Codeine: Can Community Pharmacy Staff Nudge Customers into Its Safe and Appropriate Use? (2020)
Journal Article
Mody, S., Kirkdale, C. L., Thornley, T., Dickinson, A., Avery, A. J., Knaggs, R., …Bastable, R. (2020). Over-The-Counter Codeine: Can Community Pharmacy Staff Nudge Customers into Its Safe and Appropriate Use?. Pharmacy, 8(4), Article 185. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy8040185

The misuse of opioids, including codeine which is sold over-the-counter (OTC) in United Kingdom (UK) community pharmacies, is a growing public health concern. An educational Patient Safety Card was developed and piloted to see if it nudged customers... Read More about Over-The-Counter Codeine: Can Community Pharmacy Staff Nudge Customers into Its Safe and Appropriate Use?.

Understanding the utilisation of a novel interactive electronic medication safety dashboard in general practice: a mixed methods study (2020)
Journal Article
Jeffries, M., Gude, W. T., Keers, R. N., Phipps, D. L., Williams, R., Kontopantelis, E., …Peek, N. (2020). Understanding the utilisation of a novel interactive electronic medication safety dashboard in general practice: a mixed methods study. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 20(1), Article 69. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-020-1084-5

Background: Improving medication safety is a major concern in primary care settings worldwide. The Salford Medication safety dASHboard (SMASH) intervention provided general practices in Salford (Greater Manchester, UK) with feedback on their safe pre... Read More about Understanding the utilisation of a novel interactive electronic medication safety dashboard in general practice: a mixed methods study.

‘New Medicine Service’: supporting adherence in people starting a new medication for a long-term condition: 26-week follow-up of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial (2019)
Journal Article
Elliott, R. A., Boyd, M., Tanajewski, L., Barber, N., Gkountouras, G., Avery, A. J., …Chuter, A. (2019). ‘New Medicine Service’: supporting adherence in people starting a new medication for a long-term condition: 26-week follow-up of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. BMJ Quality and Safety, 29(4), 286-295. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2018-009177

Open-label randomised pragmatic trial (CONTACT) comparing naproxen and low-dose colchicine for the treatment of gout flares in primary care (2019)
Journal Article
Roddy, E., Clarkson, K., Blagojevic-Bucknall, M., Mehta, R., Oppong, R., Avery, A., …Mallen, C. D. (2020). Open-label randomised pragmatic trial (CONTACT) comparing naproxen and low-dose colchicine for the treatment of gout flares in primary care. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 79(2), 276-284. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216154

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and safety of naproxen and low-dose colchicine for treating gout flares in primary care. Methods: This was a multicentre open-label randomised trial. Adults with a gout flare recruited from 100 general pr... Read More about Open-label randomised pragmatic trial (CONTACT) comparing naproxen and low-dose colchicine for the treatment of gout flares in primary care.

Identifying 'avoidable harm' in family practice: a RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method consensus study (2019)
Journal Article
Carson-Stevens, A., Campbell, S., Bell, B., Cooper, A., Armstrong, S., Ashcroft, D., …Avery, A. (2019). Identifying 'avoidable harm' in family practice: a RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method consensus study. BMC Family Practice, 20, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-019-0990-z

Background: Health care-related harm is an internationally recognized threat to public health. The United Kingdom’s national health services demonstrate that upwards of 90% of health care encounters can be delivered in ambulatory settings. Other coun... Read More about Identifying 'avoidable harm' in family practice: a RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method consensus study.

Prevalence, severity, and nature of preventable patient harm across medical care settings: systematic review and meta-analysis (2019)
Journal Article
Panagioti, M., Khan, K., Keers, R. N., Abuzour, A., Phipps, D., Kontopantelis, E., …Ashcroft, D. M. (2019). Prevalence, severity, and nature of preventable patient harm across medical care settings: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 366, Article l418. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4185

Objective: To systematically quantify the prevalence, severity, and nature of preventable patient harm across a range of medical settings globally. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cinahl and... Read More about Prevalence, severity, and nature of preventable patient harm across medical care settings: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Psychological interventions as vaccine adjuvants: A systematic review (2019)
Journal Article
Vedhara, K., Ayling, K., Sunger, K., Caldwell, D. M., Halliday, V., Fairclough, L., …Royal, S. (2019). Psychological interventions as vaccine adjuvants: A systematic review. Vaccine, 37(25), 3255-3266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.091

Objectives: The effectiveness of vaccines is known to be altered by a range of psychological factors. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effects of psychological interventions on the ability of vaccines to protect against disease, as me... Read More about Psychological interventions as vaccine adjuvants: A systematic review.

Processing discharge summaries in general practice: a qualitative interview study with GPs and practice managers (2019)
Journal Article
Spencer, R. A., Rodgers, S., Salema, N., Campbell, S. M., & Avery, A. J. (2019). Processing discharge summaries in general practice: a qualitative interview study with GPs and practice managers. BJGP Open, 3(1), https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen18X101625

Background Discharge summaries are essential for communicating patient information from secondary care to general practice on hospital discharge. Although there has been extensive research into their design and completion in secondary care very l... Read More about Processing discharge summaries in general practice: a qualitative interview study with GPs and practice managers.

Developing a learning health system: insights from a qualitative process evaluation of a pharmacist-led electronic audit and feedback intervention to improve medication safety in primary care. (2018)
Journal Article
Jeffries, M., Keers, R. N., Phipps, D. L., Williams, R., Brown, B., Avery, A. J., …Ashcroft, D. M. (2018). Developing a learning health system: insights from a qualitative process evaluation of a pharmacist-led electronic audit and feedback intervention to improve medication safety in primary care. PLoS ONE, 13(10), Article e0205419. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205419

Introduction: Developments in information technology offer opportunities to enhance medication safety in primary care. We evaluated the implementation and adoption of a complex pharmacist-led intervention involving the use of an electronic audit and... Read More about Developing a learning health system: insights from a qualitative process evaluation of a pharmacist-led electronic audit and feedback intervention to improve medication safety in primary care..

SMASH! The Salford medication safety dashboard (2018)
Journal Article
Williams, R., Keers, R., Gude, W. T., Jeffries, M., Davies, C., Brown, B., …Peek, N. (2018). SMASH! The Salford medication safety dashboard. Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics, 25(3), 183-193. https://doi.org/10.14236/jhi.v25i3.1015

Background: Patient safety is vital to well-functioning health systems. A key component is safe prescribing, particularly in primary care where most medications are prescribed. Previous research demonstrated that the number of patients exposed to pot... Read More about SMASH! The Salford medication safety dashboard.

Improving medication safety in general practices in the East Midlands through the PINCER intervention: Scaling Up PINCER (2018)
Report
Rodgers, S., Salema, N., Waring, J., Armstrong, S., Mehta, R., Bell, B., …On behalf of the Scaling Up PINCER Evaluation and Implementation Teams. (2018). Improving medication safety in general practices in the East Midlands through the PINCER intervention: Scaling Up PINCER. University of Nottingham: The Health Foundation

This is the executive summary of an evaluation report for the Health Foundation.

Processing of discharge summaries in general practice: a retrospective record review (2018)
Journal Article
Spencer, R., Spencer, S. E., Rodgers, S., Campbell, S., & Avery, A. (2018). Processing of discharge summaries in general practice: a retrospective record review. British Journal of General Practice, 68(673), e576-e585. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18X697877

Background: There is a need for greater understanding of the epidemiology of primary care patient safety in order to generate solutions to prevent future harm. Aim: To estimate the rate of failures in processing actions requested in hospital discha... Read More about Processing of discharge summaries in general practice: a retrospective record review.

Developing a measure of polypharmacy appropriateness in primary care: systematic review and expert consensus study (2018)
Journal Article
Burt, J., Elmore, N., Campbell, S. M., Rodgers, S., Avery, A. J., & Payne, R. A. (2018). Developing a measure of polypharmacy appropriateness in primary care: systematic review and expert consensus study. BMC Medicine, 16, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1078-7

Background: Polypharmacy is an increasing challenge for primary care. Although sometimes clinically justified, polypharmacy can be inappropriate, leading to undesirable outcomes. Optimising care for polypharmacy necessitates effective targeting and m... Read More about Developing a measure of polypharmacy appropriateness in primary care: systematic review and expert consensus study.

Influences on the adoption of patient safety innovation in primary care: a qualitative exploration of staff perspectives (2018)
Journal Article
Litchfield, I., Gill, P., Avery, T., Campbell, S., Perryman, K., Marsden, K., & Greenfield, S. (2018). Influences on the adoption of patient safety innovation in primary care: a qualitative exploration of staff perspectives. BMC Family Practice, 19(1), Article 72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-018-0761-2

Background: Primary care is changing rapidly to meet the needs of an ageing and chronically ill population. New ways of working are called for yet the introduction of innovative service interventions is complicated by organisational challenges arisin... Read More about Influences on the adoption of patient safety innovation in primary care: a qualitative exploration of staff perspectives.

Mindful organizing in patients’ contributions to primary care medication safety (2018)
Journal Article
Phipps, D. L., Giles, S., Lewis, P. J., Marsden, K., Salema, N., Jeffries, M., …Ashcroft, D. M. (2018). Mindful organizing in patients’ contributions to primary care medication safety. Health Expectations, 21(6), 964-972. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12689

Background: There is a need to ensure that the risks associated with medication usage in primary healthcare are controlled. To maintain an understanding of the risks, healthcare organizations may engage in a process known as “mindful organizing”. Whi... Read More about Mindful organizing in patients’ contributions to primary care medication safety.

Essential prescribing tips for GP Associates-in-Training (2018)
Journal Article
Gookey, G., Knox, R., Salema, N., Marsden, K., Bell, B., Bassi, M., …Avery, A. (in press). Essential prescribing tips for GP Associates-in-Training. InnovAiT, 11(2), https://doi.org/10.1177/1755738017738271

Prescribing is an essential role in general practice but it is also, at times, a high risk activity. GP Associates-in-Training (GP AiTs) have been highlighted as needing further support to reduce the risk of prescribing errors. This article highlight... Read More about Essential prescribing tips for GP Associates-in-Training.

A Patient Safety Toolkit for Family Practices (2018)
Journal Article
Campbell, S. M., Bell, B. G., Marsden, K., Spencer, R., Kadam, U., Perryman, K., …Avery, A. J. (2018). A Patient Safety Toolkit for Family Practices. Journal of Patient Safety, 16(3), e182-e186. https://doi.org/10.1097/pts.0000000000000471

Objectives: Major gaps remain in our understanding of primary care patient safety. We describe a toolkit for measuring patient safety in family practices. Methods: Six tools were used in 46 practices. These tools were: NHS Education for Scotlan... Read More about A Patient Safety Toolkit for Family Practices.

Clinical and cost effectiveness of issuing longer versus shorter duration (3 month vs. 28 day) prescriptions in patients with chronic conditions: systematic review and economic modelling (2017)
Journal Article
Miani, C., Martin, A., Exley, J., Doble, B., Wilson, E., Payne, R., …King, S. (2017). Clinical and cost effectiveness of issuing longer versus shorter duration (3 month vs. 28 day) prescriptions in patients with chronic conditions: systematic review and economic modelling. Health Technology Assessment, 21(78), https://doi.org/10.3310/hta21780

Background: To reduce expenditure on, and wastage of, drugs, some commissioners have encouraged general practitioners to issue shorter prescriptions, typically 28 days in length; however, the evidence base for this recommendation is uncertain. Objec... Read More about Clinical and cost effectiveness of issuing longer versus shorter duration (3 month vs. 28 day) prescriptions in patients with chronic conditions: systematic review and economic modelling.

Direct to public peer support and e-therapy program versus information to aid self-management of depression and anxiety: protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2017)
Journal Article
Kaylor-Hughes, C., Rawsthorne, M., Coulson, N. S., Simpson, S., Simons, L., Guo, B., …Morriss, R. (in press). Direct to public peer support and e-therapy program versus information to aid self-management of depression and anxiety: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 6(12), Article e231. https://doi.org/10.2196/resprot.8061

Regardless of geography or income, effective help for depression and anxiety only reaches a small proportion of those who might benefit from it. The scale of the problem suggests a role for effective, safe, anonymised public health driven online serv... Read More about Direct to public peer support and e-therapy program versus information to aid self-management of depression and anxiety: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Direct to Public Peer Support and e-Therapy Program Versus Information to Aid Self-Management of Depression and Anxiety: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint) (2017)
Other
Kaylor-Hughes, C. J., Rawsthorne, M., Coulson, N. S., Simpson, S., Simons, L., Guo, B., …REBOOT Notts Lived Experience Advisory Panel. (2017). Direct to Public Peer Support and e-Therapy Program Versus Information to Aid Self-Management of Depression and Anxiety: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

Professional, structural and organisational interventions in primary care for reducing medication errors (2017)
Journal Article
Khalil, H., Bell, B., Chambers, H., Sheikh, A., & Avery, A. J. (2017). Professional, structural and organisational interventions in primary care for reducing medication errors. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017(10), https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003942.pub3

Background: Medication-related adverse events in primary care represent an important cause of hospital admissions and mortality. Adverse events could result from people experiencing adverse drug reactions (not usually preventable) or could be due to... Read More about Professional, structural and organisational interventions in primary care for reducing medication errors.

Assessing the impact of the introduction of an electronic hospital discharge system on the completeness and timeliness of discharge communication: a before and after study (2017)
Journal Article
Mehta, R., Baxendale, B., Roth, K., Caswell, V., Le Jeune, I., Hawkins, J., …Avery, A. J. (2017). Assessing the impact of the introduction of an electronic hospital discharge system on the completeness and timeliness of discharge communication: a before and after study. BMC Health Services Research, 17, Article 624. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2579-3

Background: Hospital discharge summaries are a key communication tool ensuring continuity of care between primary and secondary care. Incomplete or untimely communication of information increases risk of hospital readmission and associated compl... Read More about Assessing the impact of the introduction of an electronic hospital discharge system on the completeness and timeliness of discharge communication: a before and after study.

Cost effectiveness of support for people starting a new medication for a long term condition through community pharmacies: an economic evaluation of the New Medicine Service (NMS) compared with normal practice (2017)
Journal Article
Elliott, R. A., Tanajewski, L., Gkountouras, G., Avery, A. J., Barber, N., Mehta, R., …Waring, J. (2017). Cost effectiveness of support for people starting a new medication for a long term condition through community pharmacies: an economic evaluation of the New Medicine Service (NMS) compared with normal practice. PharmacoEconomics, 35(12), 1237-1255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40273-017-0554-9

Background: The English community pharmacy New Medicine Service (NMS) significantly increases patient adherence to medicines, compared with normal practice. We examined the cost-effectiveness of NMS compared with normal practice by combining adherenc... Read More about Cost effectiveness of support for people starting a new medication for a long term condition through community pharmacies: an economic evaluation of the New Medicine Service (NMS) compared with normal practice.

Patients’ evaluations of patient safety in English general practices: a cross-sectional study (2017)
Journal Article
Ricci-Cabello, I., Marsden, K. S., Avery, A. J., Bell, B., Kadam, U., Reeves, D., …Valderas, J. M. (in press). Patients’ evaluations of patient safety in English general practices: a cross-sectional study. British Journal of General Practice, 67(660), Article e474-e482. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp17X691085

Background: The frequency and nature of safety problems and harm in general practices has previously relied on information supplied by health professionals, and scarce attention has been paid to experiences of patients. Aim: To examine patient-repor... Read More about Patients’ evaluations of patient safety in English general practices: a cross-sectional study.

Understanding the implementation and adoption of an information technology intervention to support medicine optimisation in primary care: qualitative study using strong structuration theory (2017)
Journal Article
Jeffries, M., Phipps, D., Howard, R. L., Avery, A., Rodgers, S., & Ashcroft, D. (2017). Understanding the implementation and adoption of an information technology intervention to support medicine optimisation in primary care: qualitative study using strong structuration theory. BMJ Open, 7(5), Article e014810. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014810

Objectives: Using strong structuration theory, we aimed to understand the adoption and implementation of an electronic clinical audit and feedback tool to support medicine optimisation for patients in primary care. Design: This is a qualitative st... Read More about Understanding the implementation and adoption of an information technology intervention to support medicine optimisation in primary care: qualitative study using strong structuration theory.

Antipsychotic Prescribing to Patients Diagnosed with Dementia Without a Diagnosis of Psychosis in the Context of National Guidance and Drug Safety Warnings: Longitudinal Study in UK General Practice (2017)
Journal Article
Stocks, S. J., Kontopantelis, E., Webb, R. T., Avery, A. J., Burns, A., & Ashcroft, D. M. (2017). Antipsychotic Prescribing to Patients Diagnosed with Dementia Without a Diagnosis of Psychosis in the Context of National Guidance and Drug Safety Warnings: Longitudinal Study in UK General Practice. Drug Safety, 40(8), 679-692. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-017-0538-x

© 2017, The Author(s). Introduction: Policy interventions to address inappropriate prescribing of antipsychotic drugs to older people diagnosed with dementia are commonplace. In the UK, warnings were issued by the Medicines Healthcare products Regula... Read More about Antipsychotic Prescribing to Patients Diagnosed with Dementia Without a Diagnosis of Psychosis in the Context of National Guidance and Drug Safety Warnings: Longitudinal Study in UK General Practice.

Sources of unsafe primary care for older adults: A mixed-methods analysis of patient safety incident reports (2017)
Journal Article
Cooper, A., Edwards, A., Williams, H., Evans, H. P., Avery, A., Hibbert, P., …Carson-Stevens, A. (2017). Sources of unsafe primary care for older adults: A mixed-methods analysis of patient safety incident reports. Age and Ageing, 46(5), 833-839. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afx044

© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. Background: older adults are frequent users of primary healthcare services, but are at increased risk of healthcare-related harm... Read More about Sources of unsafe primary care for older adults: A mixed-methods analysis of patient safety incident reports.

Understanding the implementation and adoption of a technological intervention to improve medication safety in primary care: a realist evaluation (2017)
Journal Article
Jeffries, M., Phipps, D. L., Howard, R. L., Avery, A. J., Rodgers, S., & Ashcroft, D. M. (2017). Understanding the implementation and adoption of a technological intervention to improve medication safety in primary care: a realist evaluation. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2131-5

Background: Monitoring for potentially hazardous prescribing is increasingly important to improve medication safety. Healthcare information technology can be used to achieve this aim, for example by providing access to prescribing data through survei... Read More about Understanding the implementation and adoption of a technological intervention to improve medication safety in primary care: a realist evaluation.

Understanding the epidemiology of avoidable significant harm in primary care: protocol for a retrospective cross-sectional study (2017)
Journal Article
Bell, B., Campbell, S., Carson-Stevens, A., Prosser Evans, H., Cooper, A., Brindley, C., …Avery, A. (2017). Understanding the epidemiology of avoidable significant harm in primary care: protocol for a retrospective cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 7(2), Article e013786. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013786

Introduction: Most patient safety research has focused on specialist-care settings where there is an appreciation of the frequency and causes of medical errors, and the resulting burden of adverse events. There have, however, been few large-scale rob... Read More about Understanding the epidemiology of avoidable significant harm in primary care: protocol for a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Patient safety incidents involving sick children in primary care in England and Wales: a mixed methods analysis (2017)
Journal Article
Rees, P., Edwards, A., Powell, C., Hibbert, P., Williams, H., Makeham, M., …Carson-Stevens, A. (2017). Patient safety incidents involving sick children in primary care in England and Wales: a mixed methods analysis. PLoS Medicine, 14(1), e1002217. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002217

Background: The UK performs poorly relative to other economically developed countries on numerous indicators of care quality for children. The contribution of iatrogenic harm to these outcomes is unclear. As primary care is the first point of health... Read More about Patient safety incidents involving sick children in primary care in England and Wales: a mixed methods analysis.

Cognitive behaviour therapy for long-term frequent attenders in primary care: a feasibility case series and treatment development study (2016)
Journal Article
Malins, S., Kai, J., Atha, C., Avery, A., Guo, B., James, M., …Morriss, R. K. (2016). Cognitive behaviour therapy for long-term frequent attenders in primary care: a feasibility case series and treatment development study. British Journal of General Practice, 66(651), e729-e736. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X686569

Background: Most frequent attendance in primary care is temporary. Long-term frequent attendance may be suitable for psychological intervention to address health management and service use. Aim: To explore the feasibility and acceptability of cog... Read More about Cognitive behaviour therapy for long-term frequent attenders in primary care: a feasibility case series and treatment development study.

Multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded end point trial of the efficacy of allopurinol therapy in improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ischaemic heart disease: protocol of the ALL-HEART study (2016)
Journal Article
Mackenzie, I. S., Ford, I., Walker, A., Hawkey, C., Begg, A., Avery, A., …MacDonald, T. M. (2016). Multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded end point trial of the efficacy of allopurinol therapy in improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ischaemic heart disease: protocol of the ALL-HEART study. BMJ Open, 6(9), Article e013774. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013774

Introduction Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the most common causes of death in the UK and treatment of patients with IHD costs the National Health System (NHS) billions of pounds each year. Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor use... Read More about Multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded end point trial of the efficacy of allopurinol therapy in improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ischaemic heart disease: protocol of the ALL-HEART study.

Characterising the nature of primary care patient safety incident reports in the England and Wales National Reporting and Learning System: a mixed-methods agenda-setting study for general practice (2016)
Journal Article
Carson-Stevens, A., Hibbert, P., Williams, H., Prosser Evans, H., Cooper, A., Rees, P., …Edwards, A. (2016). Characterising the nature of primary care patient safety incident reports in the England and Wales National Reporting and Learning System: a mixed-methods agenda-setting study for general practice. Health Services and Delivery Research, 4(27), 1-76. https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr04270

Background There is an emerging interest in the inadvertent harm caused to patients by the provision of primary health-care services. To date (up to 2015), there has been limited research interest and few policy directives focused on patient saf... Read More about Characterising the nature of primary care patient safety incident reports in the England and Wales National Reporting and Learning System: a mixed-methods agenda-setting study for general practice.

Building a patient safety toolkit for use in general practice (2016)
Journal Article
Bell, B., Spencer, R., Marsden, K., Perryman, K., Cambeth, S., & Avery, A. (in press). Building a patient safety toolkit for use in general practice. InnovAiT, https://doi.org/10.1177/1755738016650468

Despite 340?000?000 primary care consultations annually in the UK, most of the literature on patient safety has focused on hospital-based services. To improve safety in primary care settings, we must know what methods, tools and indicators are availa... Read More about Building a patient safety toolkit for use in general practice.

Supporting adherence for people starting a new medication for a long-term condition through community pharmacies: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the New Medicine Service (2015)
Journal Article
Elliott, R. A., Boyd, M. J., Salema, N., Davies, J., Barber, N., Mehta, R. L., …Craig, C. (2016). Supporting adherence for people starting a new medication for a long-term condition through community pharmacies: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the New Medicine Service. BMJ Quality and Safety, 25(10), 747-758. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004400

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of the New Medicine Service (NMS), a national community pharmacy service to support medicines-taking in people starting a new medicine for a long-term condition, compared with normal practice. Methods: Pragm... Read More about Supporting adherence for people starting a new medication for a long-term condition through community pharmacies: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the New Medicine Service.

Examining variations in prescribing safety in UK general practice: cross sectional study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (2015)
Journal Article
Stocks, S. J., Kontopantelis, E., Akbarov, A., Rodgers, S., Avery, A. J., & Ashcroft, D. M. (2015). Examining variations in prescribing safety in UK general practice: cross sectional study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. BMJ, 351, Article h5501. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h5501

Study question: What is the prevalence of different types of potentially hazardous prescribing in general practice in the United Kingdom, and what is the variation between practices? Methods: A cross sectional study included all adult patients pot... Read More about Examining variations in prescribing safety in UK general practice: cross sectional study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Clinical characteristics of persistent frequent attenders in primary care: case–control study (2015)
Journal Article
Patel, S., Kai, J., Atha, C., Avery, A., Guo, B., James, M., …Morriss, R. (2015). Clinical characteristics of persistent frequent attenders in primary care: case–control study. Family Practice, cmv076. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmv076

Background. Most frequent attendance in primary care is temporary, but persistent frequent attendance is expensive and may be suitable for psychological intervention. To plan appropriate intervention and service delivery, there is a need for research... Read More about Clinical characteristics of persistent frequent attenders in primary care: case–control study.

Primary Care Medication Safety Surveillance with Integrated Primary and Secondary Care Electronic Health Records: A Cross-Sectional Study (2015)
Journal Article
Akbarov, A., Kontopantelis, E., Sperrin, M., Stocks, S. J., Williams, R., Rodgers, S., …Ashcroft, D. M. (2015). Primary Care Medication Safety Surveillance with Integrated Primary and Secondary Care Electronic Health Records: A Cross-Sectional Study. Drug Safety, 38(7), 671-682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-015-0304-x

Introduction: The extent of preventable medication-related hospital admissions and medication-related issues in primary care is significant enough to justify developing decision support systems for medication safety surveillance. The prerequisite for... Read More about Primary Care Medication Safety Surveillance with Integrated Primary and Secondary Care Electronic Health Records: A Cross-Sectional Study.

An ethnographic study of knowledge sharing across the boundaries between care processes, services and organisations: the contributions to ‘safe’ hospital discharge (2014)
Journal Article
Waring, J., Marshall, F., Bishop, S., Sahota, O., Walker, M. F., Currie, G., …Avery, T. J. (2014). An ethnographic study of knowledge sharing across the boundaries between care processes, services and organisations: the contributions to ‘safe’ hospital discharge. Health Services and Delivery Research, 2(29), https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr02290

Background Hospital discharge is a vulnerable stage in the patient pathway. Research highlights communication failures and the problems of co-ordination as resulting in delayed, poorly timed and unsafe discharges. The complexity of hospital discha... Read More about An ethnographic study of knowledge sharing across the boundaries between care processes, services and organisations: the contributions to ‘safe’ hospital discharge.

Assessing the safety features of electronic patient medication record systems used in community pharmacies in England (2014)
Journal Article
Ojeleye, O., Avery, A. J., & Boyd, M. J. (2014). Assessing the safety features of electronic patient medication record systems used in community pharmacies in England. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 78(2), 401-409. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.12347

Aims: To evaluate the ability of electronic patient medication record (ePMR) systems used in community pharmacies in England to detect and alert users about clinical hazards, errors and other safety problems. Methods: Between September 2012 and Nove... Read More about Assessing the safety features of electronic patient medication record systems used in community pharmacies in England.

Exploring safety systems for dispensing in community pharmacies: Focusing on how staff relate to organizational components (2014)
Journal Article
Harvey, J., Avery, A. J., Ashcroft, D., Boyd, M., Phipps, D. L., & Barber, N. (2015). Exploring safety systems for dispensing in community pharmacies: Focusing on how staff relate to organizational components. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 11(2), 216-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.06.005

Background: Identifying risk is an important facet of a safety practice in an organization. To identify risk, all components within a system of operation should be considered. In clinical safety practice, a team of people, technologies, procedures an... Read More about Exploring safety systems for dispensing in community pharmacies: Focusing on how staff relate to organizational components.

Rehabilitation aimed at improving outdoor mobility for people after stroke: a multi-centre randomised controlled study (the Getting out of the House Study) (2014)
Journal Article
Logan, P. A., Armstrong, S., Avery, T., Barer, D., Barton, G., Darby, J., …Leighton, M. P. (2014). Rehabilitation aimed at improving outdoor mobility for people after stroke: a multi-centre randomised controlled study (the Getting out of the House Study). Health Technology Assessment, 18(29), 1-73. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta18290

Background: One-third of stroke patients are dependent on others to get outside their homes. This can cause people to become housebound, leading to increased immobility, poor health, isolation and misery. There is some evidence that outdoor mobility... Read More about Rehabilitation aimed at improving outdoor mobility for people after stroke: a multi-centre randomised controlled study (the Getting out of the House Study).

The effect of the electronic transmission of prescriptions on dispensing errors and prescription enhancements made in English community pharmacies: a naturalistic stepped wedge study (2014)
Journal Article
Franklin, B. D., Reynolds, M., Sadler, S., Hibberd, R., Avery, A. J., Armstrong, S. J., …Barber, N. (2014). The effect of the electronic transmission of prescriptions on dispensing errors and prescription enhancements made in English community pharmacies: a naturalistic stepped wedge study. BMJ Quality and Safety, 23(8), https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002776

Objectives: To compare prevalence and types of dispensing errors and pharmacists’ labelling enhancements, for prescriptions transmitted electronically versus paper prescriptions. Design: Naturalistic stepped wedge study. Setting: 15 English communi... Read More about The effect of the electronic transmission of prescriptions on dispensing errors and prescription enhancements made in English community pharmacies: a naturalistic stepped wedge study.

Cost Effectiveness of a Pharmacist-Led Information Technology Intervention for Reducing Rates of Clinically Important Errors in Medicines Management in General Practices (PINCER) (2014)
Journal Article
Elliott, R., Putman, K. D., Franklin, M., Annemans, L., Verhaeghe, N., Eden, M., …Avery, A. J. (2014). Cost Effectiveness of a Pharmacist-Led Information Technology Intervention for Reducing Rates of Clinically Important Errors in Medicines Management in General Practices (PINCER). PharmacoEconomics, 32(6), 573-590. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40273-014-0148-8

A qualitative study of community pharmacy perceptions of the Electronic Prescriptions Service in England: Community pharmacy perceptions of EPS (2014)
Journal Article
Harvey, J., Avery, A. J., & Barber, N. (2014). A qualitative study of community pharmacy perceptions of the Electronic Prescriptions Service in England: Community pharmacy perceptions of EPS. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 22(6), 440-444. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12107

Objectives To explore attitudes and perceptions of early adopters of the Electronic Prescription Service (release two) in England (EPS2). EPS2 is information technology that allows community pharmacies to download and dispense electronically writt... Read More about A qualitative study of community pharmacy perceptions of the Electronic Prescriptions Service in England: Community pharmacy perceptions of EPS.

Description and process evaluation of pharmacists' interventions in a pharmacist-led information technology-enabled multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial for reducing medication errors in general practice (PINCER trial) (2014)
Journal Article
Howard, R., Rodgers, S., Avery, A., & Sheikh, A. (2014). Description and process evaluation of pharmacists' interventions in a pharmacist-led information technology-enabled multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial for reducing medication errors in general practice (PINCER trial). International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 22(1), https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12039

Objective To undertake a process evaluation of pharmacists' recommendations arising in the context of a complex IT-enabled pharmacist-delivered randomised controlled trial (PINCER trial) to reduce the risk of hazardous medicines management in gene... Read More about Description and process evaluation of pharmacists' interventions in a pharmacist-led information technology-enabled multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial for reducing medication errors in general practice (PINCER trial).

Protocol for the New Medicine Service Study: a randomized controlled trial and economic evaluation with qualitative appraisal comparing the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the New Medicine Service in community pharmacies in England (2013)
Journal Article
Boyd, M., Waring, J., Barber, N., Mehta, R., Chuter, A., Avery, A., …Elliott, R. A. (2013). Protocol for the New Medicine Service Study: a randomized controlled trial and economic evaluation with qualitative appraisal comparing the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the New Medicine Service in community pharmacies in England. Trials, 14(1), 411. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-411

Background Medication non-adherence is considered an important cause of morbidity and mortality in primary care. This study aims to determine the effectiveness, cost effectiveness and acceptability of a complex intervention delivered by community... Read More about Protocol for the New Medicine Service Study: a randomized controlled trial and economic evaluation with qualitative appraisal comparing the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the New Medicine Service in community pharmacies in England.

The evidence for the effectiveness of safety alerts in electronic patient medication record systems at the point of pharmacy order entry: a systematic review (2013)
Journal Article
Ojeleye, O., Avery, A., Gupta, V., & Boyd, M. (2013). The evidence for the effectiveness of safety alerts in electronic patient medication record systems at the point of pharmacy order entry: a systematic review. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 13(July), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-69

Background: Electronic Patient Medication Record (ePMR) systems have important safety features embedded to alert users about potential clinical hazards and errors. To date, there is no synthesis of evidence about the effectiveness of these safety fea... Read More about The evidence for the effectiveness of safety alerts in electronic patient medication record systems at the point of pharmacy order entry: a systematic review.

Training pharmacists to deliver a complex information technology intervention (PINCER) using the principles of educational outreach and root cause analysis (2013)
Journal Article
Sadler, S., Rodgers, S., Howard, R., Morris, C. J., & Avery, A. (2014). Training pharmacists to deliver a complex information technology intervention (PINCER) using the principles of educational outreach and root cause analysis. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 22(1), 47-58. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12032

Objective To describe the training undertaken by pharmacists employed in a pharmacist-led information technology-based intervention study to reduce medication errors in primary care (PINCER Trial), evaluate pharmacists’ assessment of the training,... Read More about Training pharmacists to deliver a complex information technology intervention (PINCER) using the principles of educational outreach and root cause analysis.

An embedded longitudinal multi-faceted qualitative evaluation of a complex cluster randomized controlled trial aiming to reduce clinically important errors in medicines management in general practice (2012)
Journal Article
Cresswell, K. M., Sadler, S., Rodgers, S., Avery, A., Cantrill, J., Murray, S. A., & Sheikh, A. (2012). An embedded longitudinal multi-faceted qualitative evaluation of a complex cluster randomized controlled trial aiming to reduce clinically important errors in medicines management in general practice. Trials, 13, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-13-78

Evaluation of patient reporting of adverse drug reactions to the UK ‘Yellow Card Scheme’: literature review, descriptive and qualitative analyses, and questionnaire surveys (2011)
Book
Avery, A., Anderson, C., Bond, C., Fortnum, H., Gifford, A., Hannaford, P., …Watson, M. (2011). Evaluation of patient reporting of adverse drug reactions to the UK ‘Yellow Card Scheme’: literature review, descriptive and qualitative analyses, and questionnaire surveys. NIHR HTA. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta15200

Background: The monitoring of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) through pharmacovigilance is vital to patient safety. Spontaneous reporting of ADRs is one method of pharmacovigilance, and in the UK this is undertaken through the Yellow Card Scheme (YC... Read More about Evaluation of patient reporting of adverse drug reactions to the UK ‘Yellow Card Scheme’: literature review, descriptive and qualitative analyses, and questionnaire surveys.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of salicylic acid and cryotherapy for cutaneous warts: an economic decision model (2006)
Book
Thomas, K., Keogh-Brown, M., Chalmers, J., Fordham, R., Holland, R., Armstrong, S., …Williams, H. (2006). Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of salicylic acid and cryotherapy for cutaneous warts: an economic decision model. NHS R&D HTA Programme

Objectives: To estimate the costs of commonly used treatments for cutaneous warts, as well as their health benefits and risk. To create an economic decision model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these treatments, and, as a result, assess whethe... Read More about Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of salicylic acid and cryotherapy for cutaneous warts: an economic decision model.

Randomised controlled trial of short bursts of a potent topical corticosteroid versus prolonged use of a mild preparation for children with mild or moderate atopic eczema (2002)
Journal Article
Thomas, K., Armstrong, S., Avery, A., Li Wan Po, A., O'Neill, C., Young, S., & Williams, H. (2002). Randomised controlled trial of short bursts of a potent topical corticosteroid versus prolonged use of a mild preparation for children with mild or moderate atopic eczema. British medical journal, 324(7340),

Objective To determine whether a three day burst of a potent corticosteroid is more effective than a mild preparation used for seven days in children with mild or moderate atopic eczema. Design Randomised, double blind, parallel group study of 1... Read More about Randomised controlled trial of short bursts of a potent topical corticosteroid versus prolonged use of a mild preparation for children with mild or moderate atopic eczema.