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When is a function a fold or an unfold? (2001)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Gibbons, J., Hutton, G., & Altenkirch, T. (2001). When is a function a fold or an unfold?.

We give a necessary and sufficient condition for when a set-theoretic function can be written using the recursion operator fold, and a dual condition for the recursion operator unfold. The conditions are simple, practically useful, and generic in the... Read More about When is a function a fold or an unfold?.

In pain (2001)
Journal Article
Noordhof, P. (2001). In pain. Analysis, 61(2),

Camping in the digital wilderness: Tents and flashlights as interfaces to virtual worlds (2001)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Green, J., Schnädelbach, H., Koleva, B., Benford, S., Pridmore, T., Medina, K., …Smith, H. (2001, April). Camping in the digital wilderness: Tents and flashlights as interfaces to virtual worlds. Paper presented at Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings

A projection screen in the shape of a tent provides children with a shared immersive experience of a virtual world based on the metaphor of camping. RFID aerials at its entrances sense tagged children and objects as they enter and leave. Video tracki... Read More about Camping in the digital wilderness: Tents and flashlights as interfaces to virtual worlds.

Human T cell subset commitment determined by the intrinsic property of antigen: The proteolytic activity of the major mite allergen Der p 1 conditions T cells to produce more IL-4 and less IFN-γ (2001)
Journal Article
Ghaemmaghami, A. M., Robins, A., Gough, L., Sewell, H. F., & Shakib, F. (2001). Human T cell subset commitment determined by the intrinsic property of antigen: The proteolytic activity of the major mite allergen Der p 1 conditions T cells to produce more IL-4 and less IFN-γ. European Journal of Immunology, 31(4), 1211-1216. https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4141%28200104%2931%3A4%3C1211%3A%3AAID-IMMU1211%3E3.0.CO%3B2-R

The house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen Der p 1 elicits IgE antibody responses in a significant proportion of patients suffering from dust mite allergy. We have recently shown that Der p 1 proteolytically cleaves a cell surface mo... Read More about Human T cell subset commitment determined by the intrinsic property of antigen: The proteolytic activity of the major mite allergen Der p 1 conditions T cells to produce more IL-4 and less IFN-γ.

The changing role of subject librarians in academic libraries (2001)
Journal Article
Pinfield, S. (2001). The changing role of subject librarians in academic libraries. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 33(1),

Discusses the roles that subject librarians (or 'subject specialists') play in contemporary UK academic libraries. Argues that subject librarians, who still form a significant grouping of senior staff in most UK academic libraries, continue to have a... Read More about The changing role of subject librarians in academic libraries.

Exploiting interactivity, influence, space and time to explore non-linear drama in virtual worlds (2001)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Craven, M., Taylor, I., Drozd, A., Purbrick, J., Greenhalgh, C., Benford, S., Fraser, M., Bowers, J., Jää-Aro, K. M., Lintermann, B., & Hoch, M. (2001, March). Exploiting interactivity, influence, space and time to explore non-linear drama in virtual worlds. Presented at CHI01: Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seattle, Washington, USA

We present four contrasting interfaces to allow multiple viewers to explore 3D recordings of dramas in on-line virtual worlds. The first is an on-line promenade performance to an audience of avatars. The second is a form of immersive cinema, with mul... Read More about Exploiting interactivity, influence, space and time to explore non-linear drama in virtual worlds.

A study of uranium speciation in acetate solutions at temperatures from 25 to 250°C (2001)
Journal Article
Mosselmans, J. F., Bailey, E., & Schofield, P. (2001). A study of uranium speciation in acetate solutions at temperatures from 25 to 250°C. Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 8(2), 660-662. https://doi.org/10.1107/S0909049500015922

We report U L3-edge XAS analysis results from a study of the speciation of U(VI) in acetate solutions between 25 and 250°C, at pH's between 1.82 and 2.57 and [acetate]:[U] ratios of 0.5 to 50. At 25°C in excess acetate there are at least two acetate... Read More about A study of uranium speciation in acetate solutions at temperatures from 25 to 250°C.

Patterns of Network and User Activity in an Inhabited Television Event (2001)
Journal Article
Greenhalgh, C., Benford, S., & Craven, M. (2001). Patterns of Network and User Activity in an Inhabited Television Event. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 10(1), 35-50. https://doi.org/10.1162/105474601750182306

Inhabited television takes traditional broadcast television and combines it with multiuser virtual reality to give new possibilities for interaction and participation in and around shows or channels. Out of This World was an experimental inhabited TV... Read More about Patterns of Network and User Activity in an Inhabited Television Event.

A phylogeny of the land snails (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) (2001)
Journal Article
Wade, C. M., Mordan, P. B., & Clarke, B. (2001). A phylogeny of the land snails (Gastropoda: Pulmonata). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 268(1465), 413-422. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1372

We have undertaken the first large-scale molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Stylommatophora. Sequences of the ribosomal RNA gene-cluster were examined in 104 species of snails and slugs from 50 families, encompassing all the currently recognized... Read More about A phylogeny of the land snails (Gastropoda: Pulmonata).

Human defensin 5 is stored in precursor form in normal Paneth cells and is expressed by some villous epithelial cells and by metaplastic Paneth cells in the colon in inflammatory bowel disease (2001)
Journal Article
Cunliffe, R. N., Rose, F. R., Keyte, J., Abberley, L., Chan, W. C., & Mahida, Y. R. (2001). Human defensin 5 is stored in precursor form in normal Paneth cells and is expressed by some villous epithelial cells and by metaplastic Paneth cells in the colon in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut, 48(2), 176-185. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.48.2.176

Background and aims - Intestinal epithelial cell derived antimicrobial peptides of the defensin family may play a major role in host defence against microorganisms. Our aims were to (i) isolate, characterise, and investigate the processing of human d... Read More about Human defensin 5 is stored in precursor form in normal Paneth cells and is expressed by some villous epithelial cells and by metaplastic Paneth cells in the colon in inflammatory bowel disease.

Oestrogen and progesterone increase the levels of apoptosis induced by the human papillomavirus type 16 E2 and E7 proteins (2001)
Journal Article
Webster, K., Taylor, A., & Gaston, K. (2001). Oestrogen and progesterone increase the levels of apoptosis induced by the human papillomavirus type 16 E2 and E7 proteins. Journal of General Virology, 82(1), 201-213. https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-82-1-201

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 infects the genital tract and is generally acknowledged to be a causative agent of cervical cancer. HPV infection alone is not sufficient to induce cervical cancer and other factors such as steroid hormones are thou... Read More about Oestrogen and progesterone increase the levels of apoptosis induced by the human papillomavirus type 16 E2 and E7 proteins.

Molecular evolutionary relationships between partulid land snails of the Pacific (2001)
Journal Article
Goodacre, S. L., & Wade, C. M. (2001). Molecular evolutionary relationships between partulid land snails of the Pacific. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 268(1462), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1322

Adaptive radiation of partulid land snails in the tropical Pacific has produced an extraordinary array of distinctive morphological, ecological and behavioural types. Here we use part of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene cluster to investigate the relat... Read More about Molecular evolutionary relationships between partulid land snails of the Pacific.

Factors affecting the component community structure of haemoparasites in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) from the Mazury Lake District region of Poland (2001)
Journal Article
Bajer, A., Pawelczyk, A., Behnke, J. M., Gilbert, F., & Sinski, E. (2001). Factors affecting the component community structure of haemoparasites in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) from the Mazury Lake District region of Poland. Parasitology, 122(1), https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000007058

The prevalence and abundance of infections with haemoparasites were studied over a 3 year period in Clethrionomys glareolus (bank vole, n=420) sampled from forests in the NE of Poland. Total species richness was 5 (Prevalence=Haemobartonella sp. 63.1... Read More about Factors affecting the component community structure of haemoparasites in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) from the Mazury Lake District region of Poland.

Database-backed library web sites: a case study of the use of PHP and MySQL at the University of Nottingham (2001)
Journal Article
Gardner, M., & Pinfield, S. (2001). Database-backed library web sites: a case study of the use of PHP and MySQL at the University of Nottingham. Program, 35(1),

This paper discusses the advantages of database-backed websites and describes the model for a library website implemented at the University of Nottingham using open source software, PHP and MySQL. As websites continue to grow in size and complexity i... Read More about Database-backed library web sites: a case study of the use of PHP and MySQL at the University of Nottingham.

A pyramidal evolutionary algorithm with different inter-agent partnering strategies for scheduling problems (2001)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Aickelin, U. (2001, July). A pyramidal evolutionary algorithm with different inter-agent partnering strategies for scheduling problems. Presented at Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference 2001, late-breaking papers volume, San Franciso, California, USA

This paper combines the idea of a hierarchical distributed genetic algorithm with different inter-agent partnering strategies. Cascading clusters of sub-populations are built from bottom up, with higher-level sub-populations optimising larger parts o... Read More about A pyramidal evolutionary algorithm with different inter-agent partnering strategies for scheduling problems.

A Pyramidal Genetic Algorithm for Multiple-Choice Problems (2001)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Aickelin, U. (2001). A Pyramidal Genetic Algorithm for Multiple-Choice Problems.

This paper combines the idea of a hierarchical distributed genetic algorithm with different inter-agent partnering strategies. Cascading clusters of sub-populations are built from bottom up, with higher-level sub-populations optimising larger parts o... Read More about A Pyramidal Genetic Algorithm for Multiple-Choice Problems.