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Familial Aggregation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Coaggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Valdes, A. M., See, L., Luo, S., Yu, K., …Doherty, M. (2015). Familial Aggregation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Coaggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families. JAMA Internal Medicine, 175(9), 1518-1526. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.3528

IMPORTANCE: Relatives of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) appear to be at higher risk of SLE and other autoimmune diseases, but estimates of individual familial risks are largely unavailable or unreliable. Furthermore, relative contri... Read More about Familial Aggregation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Coaggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families.

Causes of death in people with liver cirrhosis in England compared to the general population: a population-based cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
Ratib, S., Fleming, K. M., Crooks, C. J., Walker, A. J., & West, J. (2015). Causes of death in people with liver cirrhosis in England compared to the general population: a population-based cohort study. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 110, https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.191

Introduction Liver cirrhosis is increasing worldwide and associated with high mortality. Precise estimates of cause-specific mortality compared to the general population, by underlying aetiology, are lacking. Such information may demonstrate areas w... Read More about Causes of death in people with liver cirrhosis in England compared to the general population: a population-based cohort study.

Effect of early and current Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of anaemia in 6.5-year-old Ethiopian children (2015)
Journal Article
Taye, B., Enquselassie, F., Tsegaye, A., Amberbir, A., Medhin, G., Fogarty, A. W., …Davey, G. (2015). Effect of early and current Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of anaemia in 6.5-year-old Ethiopian children. BMC Infectious Diseases, 15(1), Article 270. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-1012-y

Background Epidemiological and clinical studies in high income countries have suggested that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) may cause anaemia, but evidence is lacking from low income countries.We examined associations between H. pylori infection... Read More about Effect of early and current Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of anaemia in 6.5-year-old Ethiopian children.

Effect of allopurinol on all-cause mortality in adults with incident gout: propensity score–matched landmark analysis (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Mallen, C., Zhang, W., & Doherty, M. (2015). Effect of allopurinol on all-cause mortality in adults with incident gout: propensity score–matched landmark analysis. Rheumatology, 54(12), https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kev246

Objective: To examine the association between allopurinol use and all-cause mortality for patients with incident gout. Methods: We compared all-cause mortality in incident gout patients who received allopurinol for at least 6 months within the exp... Read More about Effect of allopurinol on all-cause mortality in adults with incident gout: propensity score–matched landmark analysis.

Causes of death in people with coeliac disease in England compared with the general population: a competing risk analysis (2015)
Journal Article
Abdul Sultan, A., Crooks, C. J., Card, T. R., Tata, L. J., Fleming, K. M., & West, J. (2015). Causes of death in people with coeliac disease in England compared with the general population: a competing risk analysis. Gut, 64(8), https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308285

INTRODUCTION: Quantifying excess cause-specific mortality among people with coeliac disease (CD) compared with the general population accounting for competing risks will allow accurate information to be given on risk of death from specific causes.... Read More about Causes of death in people with coeliac disease in England compared with the general population: a competing risk analysis.

Global epidemiology of gout: prevalence, incidence and risk factors (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Zhang, W., & Doherty, M. (2015). Global epidemiology of gout: prevalence, incidence and risk factors. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 11(11), 649-662. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrrheum.2015.91

Gout is a crystal-deposition disease that results from chronic elevation of uric acid levels above the saturation point for monosodium urate (MSU) crystal formation. Initial presentation is mainly severely painful episodes of peripheral joint synovit... Read More about Global epidemiology of gout: prevalence, incidence and risk factors.

Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
Ban, L., Fleming, K. M., Doyle, P., Smeeth, L., Hubbard, R. B., Fiaschi, L., & Tata, L. J. (2015). Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE, 10(7), Article 131130. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131130

BACKGROUND: Antenatal antiepileptic drug (AED) use has been found to be associated with increased major congenital anomaly (CA) risks. However whether such AED-associated risks were different according to periconceptional high dose (5mg daily) folic... Read More about Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study.

Economic evaluations of tobacco control mass media campaigns: a systematic review (2015)
Journal Article
Atusingwize, E., Lewis, S., & Langley, T. (2015). Economic evaluations of tobacco control mass media campaigns: a systematic review. Tobacco Control, 24(4), https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051579

BACKGROUND: International evidence shows that mass media campaigns are effective tobacco control interventions. However, they require substantial investment; a key question is whether their costs are justified by their benefits. The aim of this study... Read More about Economic evaluations of tobacco control mass media campaigns: a systematic review.

Identification of incident poisoning, fracture and burn events using linked primary care, secondary care, and mortality data from England: implications for research and surveillance (2015)
Journal Article
Baker, R., Tata, L. J., Kendrick, D., & Orton, E. (2015). Identification of incident poisoning, fracture and burn events using linked primary care, secondary care, and mortality data from England: implications for research and surveillance. Injury Prevention, https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041561

Background: English national injury data collection systems are restricted to hospitalisations and deaths. With recent linkage of a large primary care database, the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), with secondary care and mortality data we... Read More about Identification of incident poisoning, fracture and burn events using linked primary care, secondary care, and mortality data from England: implications for research and surveillance.

Familial risk of Sjögren's syndrome and co-aggregation of autoimmune diseases in affected families: a nationwide population study (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Valdes, A. M., See, L., Luo, S., Yu, K., …Doherty, M. (2015). Familial risk of Sjögren's syndrome and co-aggregation of autoimmune diseases in affected families: a nationwide population study. Arthritis and Rheumatology, 67(7), 1904-1912. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.39127

Objective: To investigate familial aggregation of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and the relative risks (RRs) of other autoimmune disease in relatives of patients with SS. Methods: We identified 23,658,577 beneficiaries enrolled in the Taiwan National Hea... Read More about Familial risk of Sjögren's syndrome and co-aggregation of autoimmune diseases in affected families: a nationwide population study.

Measuring alcohol consumption in population surveys: a review of international guidelines and comparison with surveys in England (2015)
Journal Article
Nugawela, M. D., Langley, T., Szatkowski, L., & Lewis, S. (2016). Measuring alcohol consumption in population surveys: a review of international guidelines and comparison with surveys in England. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 51(1), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agv073

Aims: To review the international guidelines and recommendations on survey instruments for measurement of alcohol consumption in population surveys, and to examine how national surveys in England meet the core recommendations. Methods: A systematic... Read More about Measuring alcohol consumption in population surveys: a review of international guidelines and comparison with surveys in England.

A supervised adverse drug reaction signalling framework imitating Bradford Hill’s causality considerations (2015)
Journal Article
Reps, J. M., Garibaldi, J. M., Aickelin, U., Gibson, J. E., & Hubbard, R. B. (2015). A supervised adverse drug reaction signalling framework imitating Bradford Hill’s causality considerations. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2015.06.011

Big longitudinal observational medical data potentially hold a wealth of information and have been recognised as potential sources for gaining new drug safety knowledge. Unfortunately there are many complexities and underlying issues when analysing l... Read More about A supervised adverse drug reaction signalling framework imitating Bradford Hill’s causality considerations.

What are the main sources of smoking cessation support used by adolescent smokers in England?: a cross-sectional study (2015)
Journal Article
Shaikh, W., Nugawela, M. D., & Szatkowski, L. (2015). What are the main sources of smoking cessation support used by adolescent smokers in England?: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 15, Article 562. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1925-9

Background Adolescent smoking is a worldwide public health concern. Whilst various support measures are available to help young smokers quit, their utilization of cessation support remains unknown. Methods A cross-sectional study was conduct... Read More about What are the main sources of smoking cessation support used by adolescent smokers in England?: a cross-sectional study.

Natural T Cell–mediated Protection against Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza. Results of the Flu Watch Cohort Study (2015)
Journal Article
Hayward, A. C., Wang, L., Goonetilleke, N., Fragaszy, E. B., Bermingham, A., Copas, A., …McMichael, A. J. (2015). Natural T Cell–mediated Protection against Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza. Results of the Flu Watch Cohort Study. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 191(12), 1422-1431. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201411-1988oc

Rationale: A high proportion of influenza infections are asymptomatic. Animal and human challenge studies and observational studies suggest T cells protect against disease among those infected, but the impact of T-cell immunity at the population leve... Read More about Natural T Cell–mediated Protection against Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza. Results of the Flu Watch Cohort Study.

The relation between cigarette price and hand-rolling tobacco consumption in the UK: an ecological study (2015)
Journal Article
Rothwell, L., Britton, J., & Bogdanovica, I. (2015). The relation between cigarette price and hand-rolling tobacco consumption in the UK: an ecological study. BMJ Open, 5(6), Article e007697. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007697

OBJECTIVES: Cigarette price increases reduce smoking prevalence but as a tobacco control policy are undermined by the availability of lower cost alternatives such as hand-rolling tobacco. The aim of this descriptive study is to explore time trends in... Read More about The relation between cigarette price and hand-rolling tobacco consumption in the UK: an ecological study.

A comparison of the recording of comorbidity in primary and secondary care by using the Charlson Index to predict short-term and long-term survival in a routine linked data cohort (2015)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., & Card, T. R. (2015). A comparison of the recording of comorbidity in primary and secondary care by using the Charlson Index to predict short-term and long-term survival in a routine linked data cohort. BMJ Open, 5(6), Article e007974. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007974

OBJECTIVE: Hospital admission records provide snapshots of clinical histories for a subset of the population admitted to hospital. In contrast, primary care records provide continuous clinical histories for complete populations, but might lack detail... Read More about A comparison of the recording of comorbidity in primary and secondary care by using the Charlson Index to predict short-term and long-term survival in a routine linked data cohort.

The association between smoking cessation and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a THIN database cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
Lycett, D., Nichols, L., Ryan, R., Farley, A., Roalfe, A., Mohammed, M. A., …Aveyard, P. (2015). The association between smoking cessation and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a THIN database cohort study. Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, 3(6), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587%2815%2900082-0

Background Smoking increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. However, several population studies also show a higher risk in people 3–5 years after smoking cessation than in continuing smokers. After 10–12 years the risk equates to that of... Read More about The association between smoking cessation and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a THIN database cohort study.

Risk of venous thromboembolism in children after general surgery (2015)
Journal Article
Humes, D. J., Nordenskjöld, A., Walker, A. J., West, J., & Ludvigsson, J. F. (in press). Risk of venous thromboembolism in children after general surgery. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 50(11), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.05.010

Background/purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine absolute and relative rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following general surgical procedures in children compared to the general population. Methods: We analyzed data from all pat... Read More about Risk of venous thromboembolism in children after general surgery.

Parental smoking and child poverty in the UK: an analysis of national survey data (2015)
Journal Article
Belvin, C., Britton, J., Holmes, J., & Langley, T. (2015). Parental smoking and child poverty in the UK: an analysis of national survey data. BMC Public Health, 15, Article 507. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1797-z

BACKGROUND: In 2011/12 approximately 2.3 million children, 17% of children in the UK, were estimated to be in relative poverty. Cigarette smoking is expensive and places an additional burden on household budgets, and is strongly associated with socio... Read More about Parental smoking and child poverty in the UK: an analysis of national survey data.