All Outputs (332)

Sedation and analgesia from prolonged pain and stress during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants: is dexmedetomidine an alternative to current practice? (2022)
Journal Article

Mechanical ventilation is an uncomfortable and potentially painful intervention. Opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, are used for analgesia and sedation but there is uncertainty whether they reduce pain in mechanically ventilated infants. Moreove... Read More about Sedation and analgesia from prolonged pain and stress during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants: is dexmedetomidine an alternative to current practice?.

Management of pregnancy complications in women of advanced maternal age (2022)
Journal Article

The average age of women at childbirth in high resource obstetric settings has been increasing steadily for approximately 30 years. Women aged 35 years or over have an increased risk of gestational hypertensive disease, gestational diabetes, placenta... Read More about Management of pregnancy complications in women of advanced maternal age.

The Effect of Tobacco Control Mass Media Campaigns on Smoking-Related Behavior Among People With Mental Illness: A Systematic Literature Review (2022)
Journal Article

Introduction Tobacco control mass media campaigns (MMCs) can be effective generally, but little is known about their effects among people with mental illness. The objectives of this study were to systematically review: (1) Whether tobacco control MMC... Read More about The Effect of Tobacco Control Mass Media Campaigns on Smoking-Related Behavior Among People With Mental Illness: A Systematic Literature Review.

Impact of Coexisting Dementia on Inpatient Outcomes for Patients Admitted with a COPD Exacerbation (2022)
Journal Article

Purpose: People with COPD are at a higher risk of cognitive dysfunction than the general population. However, the additional impact of dementia amongst such patients is not well understood, particularly in those admitted with a COPD exacerbation. We... Read More about Impact of Coexisting Dementia on Inpatient Outcomes for Patients Admitted with a COPD Exacerbation.

Understanding the current nutritional management for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - A mapping review (2022)
Journal Article

Background & aims Poor nutritional outcomes are observed in people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (pwALS) including weight loss and poor dietary intake. Surveys of healthcare professionals have highlighted the lack of evidence and knowledge rega... Read More about Understanding the current nutritional management for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - A mapping review.

Psychological impact of lung cancer screening using a novel antibody blood test followed by imaging: the ECLS randomised controlled trial (2022)
Journal Article

Background: The Early CDT®-Lung antibody blood test plus serial CT-scans for test-positives reduces late-stage lung cancer presentation. This study assessed psychological outcomes of this approach. Methods: Randomised controlled trial (n=12,208) c... Read More about Psychological impact of lung cancer screening using a novel antibody blood test followed by imaging: the ECLS randomised controlled trial.

Is it possible to implement a rare disease case-finding tool in primary care? A UK-based pilot study (2022)
Journal Article

Introduction: This study implemented MendelScan, a primary care rare disease case-finding tool, into a UK National Health Service population. Rare disease diagnosis is challenging due to disease complexity and low physician awareness. The 2021 UK Rar... Read More about Is it possible to implement a rare disease case-finding tool in primary care? A UK-based pilot study.

Porphyromonas pasteri and Prevotella nanceiensis in the sputum microbiota are associated with increased decline in lung function in individuals with cystic fibrosis (2022)
Journal Article

Although anaerobic bacteria exist in abundance in cystic fibrosis (CF) airways, their role in disease progression is poorly understood. We hypothesized that the presence and relative abundance of the most prevalent, live, anaerobic bacteria in sputum... Read More about Porphyromonas pasteri and Prevotella nanceiensis in the sputum microbiota are associated with increased decline in lung function in individuals with cystic fibrosis.

Clustering of comorbidities and associated outcomes in people with osteoarthritis - A UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink study (2022)
Journal Article

Objective: To examine the clusters of chronic conditions present in people with osteoarthritis and the associated risk factors and health outcomes. Methods: Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD was used to identify people diagnosed with in... Read More about Clustering of comorbidities and associated outcomes in people with osteoarthritis - A UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink study.

Patient, carer and healthcare professional perspectives on increasing calorie intake in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2021)
Journal Article

Objectives Research suggests that higher Body Mass Index is associated with improved survival in people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (pwALS). Yet, understanding of the barriers and enablers to increasing calorie intake is limited. This study s... Read More about Patient, carer and healthcare professional perspectives on increasing calorie intake in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

CLT-38 Enabling effective public involvement: a case study ofinvolvement in the HighCALSresearch programme (2021)
Journal Article

Self-management intervention to reduce pulmonary exacerbations by supporting treatment adherence in adults with cystic fibrosis: a randomised controlled trial (2021)
Journal Article

Introduction Recurrent pulmonary exacerbations lead to progressive lung damage in cystic fibrosis (CF). Inhaled medications (mucoactive agents and antibiotics) help prevent exacerbations, but objectively measured adherence is low. We investigated whe... Read More about Self-management intervention to reduce pulmonary exacerbations by supporting treatment adherence in adults with cystic fibrosis: a randomised controlled trial.

2-Alkyl-4-quinolone quorum sensing molecules are biomarkers for culture-independent Pseudomonas aeruginosa burden in adults with cystic fibrosis (2021)
Journal Article

Introduction. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces quorum sensing signalling molecules including 2-alkyl-4-quinolones (AQs), which regulate virulence factor production in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways. Hypothesis/Gap statement. Culture can lead to cond... Read More about 2-Alkyl-4-quinolone quorum sensing molecules are biomarkers for culture-independent Pseudomonas aeruginosa burden in adults with cystic fibrosis.

An intervention to support adherence to inhaled medication in adults with cystic fibrosis: the ACtiF research programme including RCT (2021)
Journal Article

Background People with cystic fibrosis frequently have low levels of adherence to inhaled medications. Objectives The objectives were to develop and evaluate an intervention for adults with cystic fibrosis to improve adherence to their inhaled m... Read More about An intervention to support adherence to inhaled medication in adults with cystic fibrosis: the ACtiF research programme including RCT.

Initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health training: participatory action research to understand experiences in the East Midlands (2021)
Journal Article

Background Specialty public health training consists of 48 months of practice across the domains of health protection, healthcare public health and health improvement. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, activity pivoted towards pandemic man... Read More about Initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health training: participatory action research to understand experiences in the East Midlands.

Novel detection of specific bacterial quorum sensing molecules in saliva: Potential non-invasive biomarkers for pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (2021)
Journal Article

Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces specific signalling molecules, 2-alkyl-4-quinolones (AQs) that are detectable in the sputum of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) and who have pulmonary infection with this opportunistic pathogen. This study aimed to det... Read More about Novel detection of specific bacterial quorum sensing molecules in saliva: Potential non-invasive biomarkers for pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis.

Reliability of detection of ultrasound and MRI features of hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)
Journal Article

OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the literature on inter- and intra-rater reliability of scoring US and MRI changes in hand OA. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL, Web of Science and AMED were searched from inception to January 2020. Kappa (κ), wei... Read More about Reliability of detection of ultrasound and MRI features of hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Episiotomy and Initiation of Human Milk Feeds: A Retrospective Observational Study (2021)
Journal Article

Objective: To investigate the association, in the United Kingdom, between having an episiotomy during childbirth and giving human milk by any modality as an infant's first feed. We also identified maternal demographic factors and perinatal experience... Read More about Episiotomy and Initiation of Human Milk Feeds: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Time to get serious about the detection and monitoring of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis (2021)
Journal Article

Structural and functional defects within the lungs of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) are detectable soon after birth and progress throughout preschool years often without overt clinical signs or symptoms. By school age, most children have structu... Read More about Time to get serious about the detection and monitoring of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis.

Synovitis and bone marrow lesions associate with symptoms and radiographic progression in hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies (2021)
Journal Article

Aims: To systematically review observational studies for the association between features detected on ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and, symptoms, signs and radiographic progression of hand osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Medline... Read More about Synovitis and bone marrow lesions associate with symptoms and radiographic progression in hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.