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MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time (2023)
Journal Article
Alshammari, M. T., Alyami, A. S., Wilkinson-Smith, V., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P., Marciani, L., Moran, G. W., & Hoad, C. L. (2023). MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 35(8), Article e14610. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.14610

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tagging techniques have been applied to the GI tract to assess bowel contractions and content mixing. We aimed to evaluate the dependence of a tagging measurement (for assessing chyme mixing) on inter-obse... Read More about MRI tagging of colonic chyme mixing in healthy subjects: Inter‐observer variability and reliability of the measurement with time.

Randomised, placebo-controlled trial and meta-analysis show benefit of ondansetron for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: The TRITON trial (2023)
Journal Article
Gunn, D., Topan, R., Barnard, L., Fried, R., Holloway, I., Brindle, R., Corsetti, M., Scott, M., Farmer, A., Kapur, K., Sanders, D., Eugenicos, M., Trudgill, N., Whorwell, P., Mclaughlin, J., Akbar, A., Houghton, L., Dinning, P. G., Aziz, Q., Ford, A. C., …Spiller, R. (2023). Randomised, placebo-controlled trial and meta-analysis show benefit of ondansetron for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: The TRITON trial. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 57(11), 1258-1271. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17426

Summary: Background: Ondansetron may be beneficial in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS‐D). Aim: To conduct a 12‐week parallel group, randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of ondansetron 4 mg o.d. (titrated up to 8 mg t.d.s.)... Read More about Randomised, placebo-controlled trial and meta-analysis show benefit of ondansetron for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: The TRITON trial.

Postinfective bowel dysfunction following Campylobacter enteritis is characterised by reduced microbiota diversity and impaired microbiota recovery (2022)
Journal Article
Jalanka, J., Gunn, D., Singh, G., Krishnasamy, S., Lingaya, M., Crispie, F., Finnegan, L., Cotter, P., James, L., Nowak, A., Major, G., & Spiller, R. C. (2022). Postinfective bowel dysfunction following Campylobacter enteritis is characterised by reduced microbiota diversity and impaired microbiota recovery. Gut, https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326828

Objectives: Persistent bowel dysfunction following gastroenteritis (postinfectious (PI)-BD) is well recognised, but the associated changes in microbiota remain unclear. Our aim was to define these changes after gastroenteritis caused by a single orga... Read More about Postinfective bowel dysfunction following Campylobacter enteritis is characterised by reduced microbiota diversity and impaired microbiota recovery.

The serotonin receptor 3E variant is a risk factor for female IBS-D (2022)
Journal Article
Fritz, N., Berens, S., Dong, Y., Martínez, C., Schmitteckert, S., Houghton, L. A., Goebel-Stengel, M., Wahl, V., Kabisch, M., Götze, D., D'Amato, M., Zheng, T., Röth, R., Mönnikes, H., Tesarz, J., Engel, F., Gauss, A., Raithel, M., Andresen, V., Keller, J., …Niesler, B. (2022). The serotonin receptor 3E variant is a risk factor for female IBS-D. Journal of Molecular Medicine, 100, 1617–1627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-022-02244-w

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gut-brain disorder of multifactorial origin. Evidence of disturbed serotonergic function in IBS accumulated for the 5-HT3 receptor family. 5-HT3Rs are encoded by HTR3 genes and control GI function, and peristalsis... Read More about The serotonin receptor 3E variant is a risk factor for female IBS-D.

Application of In Vivo MRI Imaging to Track a Coated Capsule and Its Disintegration in the Gastrointestinal Tract in Human Volunteers (2022)
Journal Article
Sulaiman, S., Gershkovich, P., Hoad, C. L., Calladine, M., Spiller, R. C., Stolnik, S., & Marciani, L. (2022). Application of In Vivo MRI Imaging to Track a Coated Capsule and Its Disintegration in the Gastrointestinal Tract in Human Volunteers. Pharmaceutics, 14(2), Article 270. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020270

Oral specially coated formulations have the potential to improve treatment outcomes of a range of diseases in distal intestinal tract whilst limiting systemic drug absorption and adverse effects. Their development is challenging, partly because of li... Read More about Application of In Vivo MRI Imaging to Track a Coated Capsule and Its Disintegration in the Gastrointestinal Tract in Human Volunteers.

Genome-wide analysis of 53,400 people with irritable bowel syndrome highlights shared genetic pathways with mood and anxiety disorders (2021)
Journal Article
Eijsbouts, C., Zheng, T., Kennedy, N. A., Bonfiglio, F., Anderson, C. A., Moutsianas, L., Holliday, J., Shi, J., Shringarpure, S., 23andMe Research Team, Voda, A.-I., The Bellygenes Initiative, Farrugia, G., Franke, A., Hübenthal, M., Abecasis, G., Zawistowski, M., Skogholt, A. H., Ness-Jensen, E., Hveem, K., …Parkes, M. (2021). Genome-wide analysis of 53,400 people with irritable bowel syndrome highlights shared genetic pathways with mood and anxiety disorders. Nature Genetics, 53(11), 1543-1552. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-021-00950-8

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) results from disordered brain–gut interactions. Identifying susceptibility genes could highlight the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. We designed a digestive health questionnaire for UK Biobank and combined ide... Read More about Genome-wide analysis of 53,400 people with irritable bowel syndrome highlights shared genetic pathways with mood and anxiety disorders.

Small bowel water content assessed by MRI in health and disease: a collation of single-centre studies (2021)
Journal Article
Dellschaft, N., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2022). Small bowel water content assessed by MRI in health and disease: a collation of single-centre studies. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 55(3), 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16673

Background: New developments in MRI have allowed the non-invasive, accurate measurement of the small bowel water content (SBWC). Aims: To collate studies measuring SBWC following ingestion of a range of foods in both health and disease to provide dat... Read More about Small bowel water content assessed by MRI in health and disease: a collation of single-centre studies.

Psyllium reduces insulin-induced colonic gas production in irritable bowel syndrome: MRI and in vitro fermentation studies (2021)
Journal Article
Gunn, D., Abbas, Z., Harris, H., Major, G., Hoad, C., Gowland, P., Marciani, L., Gill, S., Warren, F., Rossi, M., Remes-Troche, J., Whelan, K., & Spiller, R. (2022). Psyllium reduces insulin-induced colonic gas production in irritable bowel syndrome: MRI and in vitro fermentation studies. Gut, 71(5), 919-927. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324784

Objective: Health promoting dietary fibre including inulin often triggers gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), limiting their intake. Our aim was to test if co-administering psyllium with inulin would reduce gas... Read More about Psyllium reduces insulin-induced colonic gas production in irritable bowel syndrome: MRI and in vitro fermentation studies.

The alternative serotonin transporter promoter P2 impacts gene function in females with irritable bowel syndrome (2021)
Journal Article
Mohr, S., Fritz, N., Hammer, C., Martínez, C., Berens, S., Schmitteckert, S., Wahl, V., Schmidt, M., Houghton, L. A., Goebel‐Stengel, M., Kabisch, M., Götze, D., Milovač, I., D’Amato, M., Zheng, T., Röth, R., Mönnikes, H., Engel, F., Gauss, A., Tesarz, J., …Niesler, B. (2021). The alternative serotonin transporter promoter P2 impacts gene function in females with irritable bowel syndrome. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 25(16), 8047-8061. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.16736

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gut-brain disorder in which symptoms are shaped by serotonin acting centrally and peripherally. The serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4 has been implicated in IBS pathophysiology, but the underlying genetic mechanism... Read More about The alternative serotonin transporter promoter P2 impacts gene function in females with irritable bowel syndrome.

Postprandial changes in gastrointestinal function and transit in cystic fibrosis assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2021)
Journal Article
Ng, C., Dellschaft, N. S., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., Ban, L., Prayle, A. P., Barr, H. L., Jaudszus, A., Mainz, J. G., Spiller, R., Gowland, P., Major, G., & Smyth, A. R. (2021). Postprandial changes in gastrointestinal function and transit in cystic fibrosis assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 20(4), 591-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2020.06.004

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-system genetic disorder affecting >72,000 people worldwide. Most CF patients experience gastrointestinal symptoms and can develop complications. However, the mechanisms of CF gut disease are not well unders... Read More about Postprandial changes in gastrointestinal function and transit in cystic fibrosis assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Colonic Volume Changes in Paediatric Constipation Compared to Normal Values Measured Using MRI (2021)
Journal Article
Sharif, H., Hoad, C. L., Abrehart, N., Gowland, P. A., Spiller, R. C., Kirkham, S., Loganathan, S., Papadopoulos, M., Benninga, M. A., Devadason, D., & Marciani, L. (2021). Colonic Volume Changes in Paediatric Constipation Compared to Normal Values Measured Using MRI. Diagnostics, 11(6), Article 974. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11060974

Background: Functional constipation in children is common. Management of this condition can be challenging and is often based on symptom reports. Increased, objective knowledge of colonic volume changes in constipation compared to health could provid... Read More about Colonic Volume Changes in Paediatric Constipation Compared to Normal Values Measured Using MRI.

Colonic gene expression and fecal microbiota in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: Increased toll-like receptor 4 but minimal inflammation and no response to mesalazine (2021)
Journal Article
Jalanka, J., Lam, C., Bennett, A., Hartikainen, A., Crispie, F., Finnegan, L. A., Cotter, P. D., & Spiller, R. (2021). Colonic gene expression and fecal microbiota in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: Increased toll-like receptor 4 but minimal inflammation and no response to mesalazine. Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 27(2), 279-291. https://doi.org/10.5056/JNM20205

Background/Aims Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) has been previously associated with evidence of immune activation and altered microbiota. Our aim is to assess the effect of the anti-inflammatory agent, mesalazine, on inflammator... Read More about Colonic gene expression and fecal microbiota in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: Increased toll-like receptor 4 but minimal inflammation and no response to mesalazine.

Pain severity correlates with biopsy mediated colonic afferent activation but not psychological scores in IBS-D patients (2021)
Journal Article
Cibert-Goton, V., Lam, C., Lingaya, M., Falcone, Y., Wood, J. N., Bulmer, D. C., & Spiller, R. (2021). Pain severity correlates with biopsy mediated colonic afferent activation but not psychological scores in IBS-D patients. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology, 12(2), Article e00313. https://doi.org/10.14309/ctg.0000000000000313

Objectives: Despite heterogeneity an increased prevalence of psychological co-morbidity and an altered pro-nociceptive gut microenvironment have repeatedly emerged as causative pathophysiology in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). Our aim w... Read More about Pain severity correlates with biopsy mediated colonic afferent activation but not psychological scores in IBS-D patients.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the gastrointestinal tract shows reduced small bowel motility and altered chyme in cystic fibrosis compared to controls (2021)
Preprint / Working Paper
Dellschaft, N. S., Ng, C., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Spiller, R., Stewart, I., Menys, A., Barr, H., Gowland, P. A., Major, G., & Smyth, A. R. Magnetic resonance imaging of the gastrointestinal tract shows reduced small bowel motility and altered chyme in cystic fibrosis compared to controls

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease affecting mucosal secretions. Most patients experience digestive symptoms, but the mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here we explore causes and consequences of slower gastrointestinal transit using magn... Read More about Magnetic resonance imaging of the gastrointestinal tract shows reduced small bowel motility and altered chyme in cystic fibrosis compared to controls.

Chronic constipation in adults: Contemporary perspectives and clinical challenges. 2: Conservative, behavioural, medical and surgical treatment (2021)
Journal Article
Corsetti, M., Brown, S., Chiarioni, G., Dimidi, E., Dudding, T., Emmanuel, A., Fox, M., Ford, A. C., Giordano, P., Grossi, U., Henderson, M., Knowles, C. H., O’Connell, P. R., Quigley, E. M., Simren, M., Spiller, R., Whelan, K., Whitehead, W. E., Williams, A. B., & Scott, S. M. (2021). Chronic constipation in adults: Contemporary perspectives and clinical challenges. 2: Conservative, behavioural, medical and surgical treatment. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 33(7), Article e14070. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.14070

Background: Chronic constipation is a prevalent disorder that affects quality of life of patients and consumes resources in healthcare systems worldwide. In clinical practice, it is still considered a challenge as clinicians frequently are unsure as... Read More about Chronic constipation in adults: Contemporary perspectives and clinical challenges. 2: Conservative, behavioural, medical and surgical treatment.

MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability (2020)
Journal Article
Scott, R. A., Williams, H. G., Hoad, C. L., Alyami, A., Ortori, C. A., Grove, J. I., Marciani, L., Moran, G. W., Spiller, R. C., Menys, A., Aithal, G. P., & Gowland, P. A. (2021). MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 53(5), 1422-1431. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.27463

Background: Increased small bowel permeability leads to bacterial translocation, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers are needed to evaluate these changes in vivo, stratify an individual's risk, and evaluate the efficacy of... Read More about MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability.

Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants (2020)
Journal Article
Heissam, K., Abrehart, N., Hoad, C. L., Wright, J., Menys, A., Murray, K., Glover, P. M., Hebbard, G., Gowland, P. A., Baker, J., Hasler, W. L., Spiller, R. C., Corsetti, M., Brasseur, J. G., Hens, B., Shedden, K., Dickens, J., Mudie, D. M., Amidon, G. E., Amidon, G. L., & Marciani, L. (2020). Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants. PLoS ONE, 15(11), e0241441. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241441

Objective The gastrointestinal environment in which drug products need to disintegrate before the drug can dissolve and be absorbed has not been studied in detail due to limitations, especially invasiveness of existing techniques. Minimal in vivo dat... Read More about Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants.

Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation (2020)
Journal Article
Sharif, H., Abrehart, N., Hoad, C., Murray, K., Perkins, A., Smith, M., Gowland, P., Spiller, R., Harris, R., Kirkham, S., Loganathan, S., Papadopoulos, M., Frost, K., Young Persons Advisory Group, Devadason, D., & Marciani, L. (2020). Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 71(5), 604-611. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002910

Objective: In England, 27,500 children are referred annually to hospital with constipation. An objective measure of whole gut transit time (WGTT) could aid management. The current standard WGTT assessment, the X-ray radiopaque marker (ROM) test, give... Read More about Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation.

Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults (2020)
Journal Article
Krishnasamy, S., Lomer, M. C. E., Marciani, L., Hoad, C. L., Pritchard, S. E., Paul, J., Gowland, P. A., & Spiller, R. C. (2020). Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults. Journal of Nutrition, 150(11), 2890-2899. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa191

Background: Whole apples produce greater satiety than processed apples, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
Objective: Our aim was to assess the intragastric processing of apple preparations and the associated small and large bowel conten... Read More about Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults.