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Tuning the Cation-Anion Interactions by Methylation of the Pyridinium Cation: An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Picolinium Ionic Liquids (2020)
Journal Article
Men, S., Licence, P., Luo, H., & Dai, S. (2020). Tuning the Cation-Anion Interactions by Methylation of the Pyridinium Cation: An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Picolinium Ionic Liquids. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 124(30), 6657-6663. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c05872

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate the impact of methylation on the electronic environment of pyridinium cations. Because of the electron-donating effect of the methyl group, there is a significant increase in electron density on... Read More about Tuning the Cation-Anion Interactions by Methylation of the Pyridinium Cation: An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Picolinium Ionic Liquids.

Thermally-Stable Imidazolium Dicationic Ionic Liquids with Pyridine Functional Groups (2020)
Journal Article
Clarke, C. J., Bui-Le, L., Hallett, J. P., & Licence, P. (2020). Thermally-Stable Imidazolium Dicationic Ionic Liquids with Pyridine Functional Groups. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 8(23), 8762-8772. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c02473

Thermally-stable ionic liquids (ILs) have limited structural possibilities and lack coordinating anions or functional groups. Thermal stability effectively incurs a tunability penalty, limiting ionic liquid function to render them as simple heat-stab... Read More about Thermally-Stable Imidazolium Dicationic Ionic Liquids with Pyridine Functional Groups.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of piperidinium ionic liquids: a comparison to the charge delocalised pyridinium analogues (2020)
Journal Article
Men, S., Licence, P., Do-Thanh, C. L., Luo, H., & Dai, S. (2020). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of piperidinium ionic liquids: a comparison to the charge delocalised pyridinium analogues. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 22(21), 11976-11983. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0cp01454k

In this study, nine piperidinium-based ionic liquids are analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect of alkyl substituent length and the nature of the anion on the electronic environment of the cation are investigated. The electronic env... Read More about X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of piperidinium ionic liquids: a comparison to the charge delocalised pyridinium analogues.

In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of monocationic and dicationic pyridinium-based ionic liquids on HeLa, MCF-7, BGM and EA.hy926 cell lines (2019)
Journal Article
Perez, S., Montalbán, M., Carissimi, G., Licence, P., & Villora, G. (2020). In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of monocationic and dicationic pyridinium-based ionic liquids on HeLa, MCF-7, BGM and EA.hy926 cell lines. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 385, Article 121513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121513

Dicationic ionic liquids (ILs) generally possess higher thermal and electrochemical stability than the analogous monocationic ILs, which makes them more suitable for high-temperature applications as solvents for organic reactions, lubricants or stati... Read More about In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of monocationic and dicationic pyridinium-based ionic liquids on HeLa, MCF-7, BGM and EA.hy926 cell lines.

In Situ Sulfidation of Pd/C: A Straightforward Method for Chemoselective Conjugate Reduction by Continuous Hydrogenation (2019)
Journal Article
Moore, J. C., Howie, R. A., Bourne, S. L., Jenkins, G. N., Licence, P., Poliakoff, M., & George, M. W. (2019). In Situ Sulfidation of Pd/C: A Straightforward Method for Chemoselective Conjugate Reduction by Continuous Hydrogenation. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 7(19), 16814-16819. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b04347

A method has been developed for the in situ sulfidation of Pd/C under continuous flow. The approach provides a cheap, sustainable, and operationally convenient method for chemoselective conjugate reduction by continuous hydrogenation. High conversio... Read More about In Situ Sulfidation of Pd/C: A Straightforward Method for Chemoselective Conjugate Reduction by Continuous Hydrogenation.

UN sustainable development goals: How can sustainable/green chemistry contribute? By doing things differently (2018)
Journal Article
Poliakoff, M., Licence, P., & George, M. W. (2018). UN sustainable development goals: How can sustainable/green chemistry contribute? By doing things differently. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 13, 146-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2018.04.011

Until now, much Green and Sustainable Chemistry has been focused on how chemicals are made. Here we suggest that, if chemistry is to contribute effectively to achieving the SDGs, we need to change the way that things are done at both ends of the chem... Read More about UN sustainable development goals: How can sustainable/green chemistry contribute? By doing things differently.

Effect of dicationic ionic liquids on lyotropic liquid crystals formed by a binary system composed of Triton-X 100 and water (2018)
Journal Article
Thieghi, L. T., Longo Jr, L. S., Licence, P., & Alves, S. (in press). Effect of dicationic ionic liquids on lyotropic liquid crystals formed by a binary system composed of Triton-X 100 and water. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 657(1), https://doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2017.1403241

In this work, binary mixtures of a non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) and water were studied with concentrations of 30%wt H2O, showing, lamellar mesophase at temperatures below 10oC. Different dicationic ionic liquids were used for doping these meso... Read More about Effect of dicationic ionic liquids on lyotropic liquid crystals formed by a binary system composed of Triton-X 100 and water.

Ecotoxicity assessment of dicationic versus monocationic ionic liquids as a more environmentally friendly alternative (2017)
Journal Article
Montalbán, M. G., Villora, G., & Licence, P. (2018). Ecotoxicity assessment of dicationic versus monocationic ionic liquids as a more environmentally friendly alternative. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.073

One of the reasons why ionic liquids have received growing interest from researchers is their environmentally interesting characteristics, such as their negligible vapour pressure and their good chemical and thermal properties. In particular, dicatio... Read More about Ecotoxicity assessment of dicationic versus monocationic ionic liquids as a more environmentally friendly alternative.

Probing the electronic environment of binary and ternary ionic liquid mixtures by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (2017)
Journal Article
Men, S., & Licence, P. (2017). Probing the electronic environment of binary and ternary ionic liquid mixtures by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Chemical Physics Letters, 686, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2017.08.034

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to probe the electronic environment of cations and anions for three binary and one ternary chlorostannate ionic liquid mixtures. The impact of the weighting of Cl on the electronic environment of the cation-b... Read More about Probing the electronic environment of binary and ternary ionic liquid mixtures by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Tuning the electronic environment of the anion by using binary ionic liquid mixtures (2017)
Journal Article
Men, S., & Licence, P. (2017). Tuning the electronic environment of the anion by using binary ionic liquid mixtures. Chemical Physics Letters, 681, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2017.05.049

The electronic environment of the anion is tuned by using binary ionic liquid mixtures employing a com- mon anion and two cations with large difference in acidity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to monitor the change of the electronic envir... Read More about Tuning the electronic environment of the anion by using binary ionic liquid mixtures.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of trihalide ionic liquids: comparison to halide-based analogues, anion basicity and beam damage (2017)
Journal Article
Men, S., Lovelock, K., & Licence, P. (2017). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of trihalide ionic liquids: comparison to halide-based analogues, anion basicity and beam damage. Chemical Physics Letters, 679, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2017.05.010

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate two 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium trihalide ionic liquids, with anions including triiodide and iododibromide. The electronic environment of each element present in ionic liquids studied herein is... Read More about X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of trihalide ionic liquids: comparison to halide-based analogues, anion basicity and beam damage.

Spectroscopic analysis of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium ionic liquids: cation-anion interactions (2017)
Journal Article
Men, S., Jiang, J., & Peter, L. (2017). Spectroscopic analysis of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium ionic liquids: cation-anion interactions. Chemical Physics Letters, 674, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2017.02.050

In this study, four 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium ionic liquids are analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, together with three 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids. A reliable fitting model for the carbon 1s region of 1-butyl-2,3-dimeth... Read More about Spectroscopic analysis of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium ionic liquids: cation-anion interactions.

An ARXPS and ERXPS study of quaternary ammonium and phosphonium ionic liquids: utilising a high energy Ag Lα’ X-ray source (2016)
Journal Article
Blundell, R. K., Delorme, A., Smith, E. F., & Licence, P. (2016). An ARXPS and ERXPS study of quaternary ammonium and phosphonium ionic liquids: utilising a high energy Ag Lα’ X-ray source. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CP07089A

Introduction
Ionic liquid (IL) surface science has experienced rapid expansion in recent years. As such, a multitude of ultra-high vacuum (UHV) techniques have been used to probe the IL/vacuum interface including laboratory and synchrotron X-ray p... Read More about An ARXPS and ERXPS study of quaternary ammonium and phosphonium ionic liquids: utilising a high energy Ag Lα’ X-ray source.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as a probe of rhodium-ligand interaction in ionic liquids (2015)
Journal Article
Men, S., Lovelock, K., & Licence, P. (2016). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as a probe of rhodium-ligand interaction in ionic liquids. Chemical Physics Letters, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2015.12.017

We use X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to identify the interaction between the rhodium atom and phosphine ligands in six 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids ([C8C1Im][X]). The formation of a mono-phosphine rhodium complex based upo... Read More about X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as a probe of rhodium-ligand interaction in ionic liquids.

Quaternary ammonium and phosphonium based ionic liquids: a comparison of common anions (2014)
Journal Article
Blundell, R. K., & Licence, P. (2014). Quaternary ammonium and phosphonium based ionic liquids: a comparison of common anions. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 16(29), 15278-15288. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cp01901f

A series of ammonium-based ionic liquids and their phosphonium analogues have been investigated using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). A robust C 1s peak fitting model has been developed and described for the tetraalkylphosphonium and tetraalk... Read More about Quaternary ammonium and phosphonium based ionic liquids: a comparison of common anions.

Tuning the electronic environment of cations and anions using ionic liquid mixtures (2014)
Journal Article
Villar-Garcia, I. J., Licence, P., Lovelock, K. R., & Men, S. (2014). Tuning the electronic environment of cations and anions using ionic liquid mixtures. Chemical Science, 5(6), 2573-2579. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4sc00106k

Electrostatic interactions are ubiquitous in ionic liquids and therefore, the electronic environment (i.e. the distribution of electron density) of their constituent ions has a determining influence on their properties and applications. Moreover, the... Read More about Tuning the electronic environment of cations and anions using ionic liquid mixtures.

Mechanical Property Characterization of Aligned Plant Yarn Reinforced Thermoset Matrix Composites Manufactured via Vacuum Infusion (2014)
Journal Article
Shah, D. U., Schubel, P. J., Clifford, M. J., & Licence, P. (2014). Mechanical Property Characterization of Aligned Plant Yarn Reinforced Thermoset Matrix Composites Manufactured via Vacuum Infusion. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 53(3), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2013.843710

This article evaluates the mechanical properties of vacuum-infused unidirectional plant fiber composites (PFRPs), composing of bast fiber yarns and thermoset matrices. PFRPs are found to have lower fiber volume fractions than E-glass composites (GFRP... Read More about Mechanical Property Characterization of Aligned Plant Yarn Reinforced Thermoset Matrix Composites Manufactured via Vacuum Infusion.