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A multicentre integration of a computer-led follow-up of prostate cancer is valid and safe (2018)
Journal Article
Salem, H. A., Salem, H. A., Caddeo, G., McFarlane, J., Patel, K., Cochrane, L., Soria, D., Henley, M., & Lund, J. (2018). A multicentre integration of a computer-led follow-up of prostate cancer is valid and safe. BJU International, 122(3), 418-426. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.14157

© 2018 The Authors BJU International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of BJU International Objective: To test a computer-led follow-up service for prostate cancer in two UK hospitals; the testing aimed to validate the computer expert sy... Read More about A multicentre integration of a computer-led follow-up of prostate cancer is valid and safe.

Random duodenal biopsy to exclude coeliac disease as a cause of anaemia is not cost‑efective and should be replaced with universally performed pre‑endoscopy serology in patients on a suspected cancer pathway (2018)
Journal Article
Herrod, P., & Lund, J. N. (in press). Random duodenal biopsy to exclude coeliac disease as a cause of anaemia is not cost‑efective and should be replaced with universally performed pre‑endoscopy serology in patients on a suspected cancer pathway. Techniques in Coloproctology, 22(2), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10151-018-1756-7

Background: Random duodenal biopsy to exclude coeliac disease during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for the investigation of iron defciency anaemia remains a common procedure, but is expensive and time-consuming. Serological investigation for coeli... Read More about Random duodenal biopsy to exclude coeliac disease as a cause of anaemia is not cost‑efective and should be replaced with universally performed pre‑endoscopy serology in patients on a suspected cancer pathway.

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study (2018)
Journal Article
Lund, J., Muntean, L., Roszkowski, R., Sandu Mironescu, A., Zaa'treh, R., Corneliu Vida, L., Janik, M., Popa, M., Gavagna, L., Mircea, H., Lasek, A., Vartic, M., Radkowiak, D., Diaconescu, B., Razvan Bratu, M., Dabboor, M., Rubinkiewicz, M., Negoi, I., Beuran, M., Chak Yiu Lam, J., …Elkhalek Sallam, A. (2018). Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study. Lancet Infectious Diseases, 18(5), 516-525. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099%2818%2930101-4

Exercise and other nonpharmacological strategies to reduce blood pressure in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2018)
Journal Article
Herrod, P. J., Doleman, B., Blackwell, J. E., O’Boyle, F., Williams, J. P., Lund, J. N., & Phillips, B. E. (in press). Exercise and other nonpharmacological strategies to reduce blood pressure in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension, 12(4), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jash.2018.01.008

The incidence of hypertension increases with advancing age and represents a significant burden of disease. Lifestyle modification represents the first-line intervention in treatment algorithms; however, the majority of evidence for this comes from st... Read More about Exercise and other nonpharmacological strategies to reduce blood pressure in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

NICE guidance on sepsis is of limited value in postoperative colorectal patients: the scores that cry ‘wolf!’ (2018)
Journal Article
Herrod, P., Cox, M., Keevil, H., Smith, K., & Lund, J. N. (2018). NICE guidance on sepsis is of limited value in postoperative colorectal patients: the scores that cry ‘wolf!’. Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, 100(4), 275-278. https://doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2017.0227

Background and aims
Late recognition of sepsis and consequent death remains a problem. To address this, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has published updated guidance recommending the use of the Quick Sequential Organ Failure A... Read More about NICE guidance on sepsis is of limited value in postoperative colorectal patients: the scores that cry ‘wolf!’.

Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men (2017)
Journal Article
Mitchell, W. K., Phillips, B. E., Hill, I., Greenhaff, P. L., Lund, J. N., Williams, J. P., Rankin, D., Wilkinson, D. J., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2017). Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men. Clinical Science, 131(21), https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20171230

Leucine modulates muscle protein synthesis (MPS), with potential to facilitate accrual/maintenance of muscle mass. Animal models suggest that leucine boluses shortly after meals may prolong MPS and delay onset of a “muscle-full” state. However, the e... Read More about Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men.

Cannabidiol and palmitoylethanolamide are anti-inflammatory in the acutely inflamed human colon (2017)
Journal Article
Couch, D. G., Tasker, C., Theophilidou, E., Lund, J. N., & O'Sullivan, S. (2017). Cannabidiol and palmitoylethanolamide are anti-inflammatory in the acutely inflamed human colon. Clinical Science, 131(21), https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20171288

Objective: We sought to quantify the anti-inflammatory effects of two cannabinoid drugs, cannabidiol (CBD) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), in cultured cell lines and compared this effect with experimentally inflamed explant human colonic tissue. The... Read More about Cannabidiol and palmitoylethanolamide are anti-inflammatory in the acutely inflamed human colon.

Impact of the calcium form of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate upon human skeletal muscle protein metabolism (2017)
Journal Article
Wilkinson, D. J., Hossain, T., Limb, M. C., Phillips, B. E., Lund, J., Williams, J. P., Brook, M. S., Cegielski, J., Philp, A., Ashcroft, S., Rathmacher, J. A., Szewczyk, N. J., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2018). Impact of the calcium form of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate upon human skeletal muscle protein metabolism. Clinical Nutrition, 37(6), 2068-2075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.024

Background & aims: β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is purported as a key nutritional supplement for the preservation of muscle mass in health, disease and as an ergogenic aid in exercise. Of the two available forms of HMB (calcium (Ca-HMB) salt or f... Read More about Impact of the calcium form of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate upon human skeletal muscle protein metabolism.

Effects of leucine-enriched essential amino acid and whey protein bolus dosing upon skeletal muscle protein synthesis at rest and after exercise in older women (2017)
Journal Article
Wilkinson, D. J., Bukhari, S. S., Phillips, B. E., Limb, M. C., Cegielski, J., Brook, M. S., Rankin, D., Mitchell, W. K., Kobayashi, H., Lund, J., Williams, J. P., Greenhaff, P. L., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2018). Effects of leucine-enriched essential amino acid and whey protein bolus dosing upon skeletal muscle protein synthesis at rest and after exercise in older women. Clinical Nutrition, 37(6), 2011-2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.008

© 2017 The Authors Background & aims: Impaired anabolic responses to nutrition and exercise contribute to loss of skeletal muscle mass with ageing (sarcopenia). Here, we tested responses of muscle protein synthesis (MPS), in the under represented gr... Read More about Effects of leucine-enriched essential amino acid and whey protein bolus dosing upon skeletal muscle protein synthesis at rest and after exercise in older women.

DNA methylation of intragenic CpG islands depends on their transcriptional activity during differentiation and disease (2017)
Journal Article
Jeziorska, D. M., Murray, R. J. S., De Gobbi, M., Gaentzsch, R., Garrick, D., Ayyub, H., Chen, T., Li, E., Telenius, J., Lynch, M., Graham, B., Smith, A. J. H., Lund, J. N., Hughes, J. R., Higgs, D. R., & Tufarelli, C. (2017). DNA methylation of intragenic CpG islands depends on their transcriptional activity during differentiation and disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(36), E7526-E7535. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703087114

The human genome contains ∼30,000 CpG islands (CGIs). While CGIs associated with promoters nearly always remain unmethylated, many of the ∼9,000 CGIs lying within gene bodies become methylated during development and differentiation. Both promoter and... Read More about DNA methylation of intragenic CpG islands depends on their transcriptional activity during differentiation and disease.

A novel D2O tracer method to quantify RNA turnover as a biomarker of de novo ribosomal biogenesis, in vitro, in animal models, and in human skeletal muscle (2017)
Journal Article
Brook, M. S., Wilkinson, D., Mitchell, W. K., Lund, J. N., Phillips, B. E., Szewczyk, N. J., Kainulainen, H., Lensu, S., Koch, L., Britton, S., Greenhaff, P. L., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2017). A novel D2O tracer method to quantify RNA turnover as a biomarker of de novo ribosomal biogenesis, in vitro, in animal models, and in human skeletal muscle. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 313(6), Article E681-E689. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00157.2017

Current methods to quantify in vivo RNA dynamics are limited. Here, we developed a novel stable isotope (D2O) methodology to quantify RNA synthesis (i.e., ribosomal biogenesis) in cells, animal models, and humans. First, proliferating C2C12 cells wer... Read More about A novel D2O tracer method to quantify RNA turnover as a biomarker of de novo ribosomal biogenesis, in vitro, in animal models, and in human skeletal muscle.

Muscle and Tendon Contributions to Reduced Rate of Torque Development in Healthy Older Males (2017)
Journal Article
Quinlan, J. I., Maganaris, C. N., Franchi, M. V., Smith, K., Atherton, P. J., Szewczyk, N. J., Greenhaff, P. L., Phillips, B. E., Blackwell, J. I., Boereboom, C., Williams, J. P., Lund, J., & Narici, M. V. (2018). Muscle and Tendon Contributions to Reduced Rate of Torque Development in Healthy Older Males. Journals of Gerontology, Series A, 73(4), 539-545. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glx149

Robotic colorectal surgery: previous laparoscopic colorectal experience is not essential (2017)
Journal Article
Sian, T. S., Tierney, G. M., Park, H., Lund, J. N., Speake, W. J., Hurst, N. G., Al Chalabi, H., Smith, K. J., & Tou, S. (2018). Robotic colorectal surgery: previous laparoscopic colorectal experience is not essential. Journal of Robotic Surgery, 12(2), 271-275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11701-017-0728-7

A background in minimally invasive colorectal surgery (MICS) has been thought to be essential prior to robotic-assisted colorectal surgery (RACS). Our aim was to determine whether MICS is essential prior to starting RACS training based on results fro... Read More about Robotic colorectal surgery: previous laparoscopic colorectal experience is not essential.

Baseline morphine consumption may explain between-study heterogeneity in meta-analyses of adjuvant analgesics and improve precision and accuracy of effect estimates (2017)
Journal Article
Doleman, B., Sutton, A. J., Sherwin, M., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (2018). Baseline morphine consumption may explain between-study heterogeneity in meta-analyses of adjuvant analgesics and improve precision and accuracy of effect estimates. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 126(2), 648-660. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000002237

BACKGROUND: Statistical heterogeneity can increase the uncertainty of results and reduce the quality of evidence derived from systematic reviews. At present, it is uncertain what the major factors are that account for heterogeneity in meta-analyses o... Read More about Baseline morphine consumption may explain between-study heterogeneity in meta-analyses of adjuvant analgesics and improve precision and accuracy of effect estimates.

The role of CB1 in intestinal permeability and inflammation (2017)
Journal Article
Karwad, M. A., Couch, D. G., Theophilidou, E., Sarmad, S., Barrett, D. A., Larvin, M., Wright, K. L., Lund, J. N., & O'Sullivan, S. (2017). The role of CB1 in intestinal permeability and inflammation. FASEB Journal, 31(8), 3267-3277. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201601346R

The endocannabinoid system has previously been shown to play a role in the permeability and inflammatory response of the human gut. The goal of our study was to determine the effects of endogenous anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) o... Read More about The role of CB1 in intestinal permeability and inflammation.

Decoupling of DNA methylation and activity of intergenic LINE-1 promoters in colorectal cancer (2017)
Journal Article
Vafadar-Isfahani, N., Parr, C., McMillan, L. E., Sanner, J., Yeo, Z., Saddington, S., Peacock, O., Cruickshanks, H. A., Meehan, R. R., Lund, J. N., & Tufarelli, C. (2017). Decoupling of DNA methylation and activity of intergenic LINE-1 promoters in colorectal cancer. Epigenetics, 12(6), 465-475. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2017.1300729

Hypomethylation of LINE-1 repeats in cancer has been proposed as the main mechanism behind their activation; this assumption, however, was based on findings from early studies that were biased toward young and transpositionally active elements. Here,... Read More about Decoupling of DNA methylation and activity of intergenic LINE-1 promoters in colorectal cancer.

Oesophageal Doppler guided optimization of cardiac output does not increase visceral microvascular blood flow in healthy volunteers (2017)
Journal Article
Heinink, T. P., Read, D. J., Mitchell, W. K., Bhalla, A., Lund, J. N., Phillips, B. E., & Williams, J. P. (2018). Oesophageal Doppler guided optimization of cardiac output does not increase visceral microvascular blood flow in healthy volunteers. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 38(2), 213-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12401

Background

Oesophageal Doppler monitoring (ODM) is used clinically to optimize cardiac output (CO) and guide fluid therapy. Despite limited experimental evidence, it is assumed that increasing CO increases visceral microvascular blood flow (MBF).... Read More about Oesophageal Doppler guided optimization of cardiac output does not increase visceral microvascular blood flow in healthy volunteers.

Fibrin glue for pilonidal sinus disease (2017)
Journal Article
Lund, J. N., Tou, S., Doleman, B., & Williams, J. P. (in press). Fibrin glue for pilonidal sinus disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017(1), Article CD011923. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011923.pub2

Background
Pilonidal sinus disease is a common condition that mainly affects young adults. This condition can cause significant pain and impairment of normal activities. No consensus currently exists on the optimum treatment for pilonidal sinus and... Read More about Fibrin glue for pilonidal sinus disease.

Synchronous deficits in cumulative muscle protein synthesis and ribosomal biogenesis underlie age-related anabolic resistance to exercise in humans (2016)
Journal Article
Brook, M. S., Wilkinson, D. J., Mitchell, W. K., Lund, J. N., Phillips, B. E., Szewczyk, N. J., Greenhaff, P. L., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2016). Synchronous deficits in cumulative muscle protein synthesis and ribosomal biogenesis underlie age-related anabolic resistance to exercise in humans. Journal of Physiology, 594(24), 7399-7417. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP272857

Ageing is associated with impaired hypertrophic responses to resistance exercise training (RET). Here we investigated the aetiology of ‘anabolic resistance’ in older humans. Twenty healthy male individuals, 10 younger (Y; 23 ± 1 years) and 10 older (... Read More about Synchronous deficits in cumulative muscle protein synthesis and ribosomal biogenesis underlie age-related anabolic resistance to exercise in humans.