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The prognostic significance of Interferon Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) in invasive breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y., Alsaleem, M., Joseph, C., Alsaeed, S., Aljohani, A., Shiino, S., Mohammed, O., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2021). The prognostic significance of Interferon Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 185(2), 293–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05955-1

Background

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a prognostic factor in early-stage invasive breast cancer (BC). Through bioinformatics, data analyses of multiple BC cohorts revealed the positive association between interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15... Read More about The prognostic significance of Interferon Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) in invasive breast cancer.

Increased expression of glutamine transporter SNAT2/SLC38A2 promotes glutamine dependence and oxidative stress resistance, and is associated with worse prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Morotti, M., Zois, C. E., El-Ansari, R., Craze, M. L., Rakha, E. A., Fan, S.-J., Valli, A., Haider, S., Goberdhan, D. C. I., Green, A. R., & Harris, A. L. (2021). Increased expression of glutamine transporter SNAT2/SLC38A2 promotes glutamine dependence and oxidative stress resistance, and is associated with worse prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 124(2), 494-505. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-01113-y

The nucleolar related protein Dyskerin pseudouridine 1 synthase 1 (DKC1) predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Elsharawy, K. A., Mohammed, O. J., Aleskandarany, M. A., Hyder, A., El-Gammal, H. L., -Dobara, A., Green, A. R., Dalton, L. W., & Rakha, E. A. (2020). The nucleolar related protein Dyskerin pseudouridine 1 synthase 1 (DKC1) predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 123, 1543–1552. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-01045-7

Background

Hypertrophy of the nucleolus is a distinctive cytological feature of malignant cells and corresponds to aggressive behaviour. This study aimed to identify the key gene associated with nucleolar prominence (NP) in breast cancer (BC) and... Read More about The nucleolar related protein Dyskerin pseudouridine 1 synthase 1 (DKC1) predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer.

Targetable ERBB2 mutation status is an independent marker of adverse prognosis in estrogen receptor positive, ERBB2 non-amplified primary lobular breast carcinoma: a retrospective in silico analysis of public datasets (2020)
Journal Article
Kurozumi, S., Alsaleem, M., Monteiro, C. J., Bhardwaj, K., Joosten, S. E., Fujii, T., Shirabe, K., Green, A. R., Ellis, I. O., Rakha, E. A., Mongan, N. P., Heery, D. M., Zwart, W., Oesterreich, S., & Johnston, S. J. (2020). Targetable ERBB2 mutation status is an independent marker of adverse prognosis in estrogen receptor positive, ERBB2 non-amplified primary lobular breast carcinoma: a retrospective in silico analysis of public datasets. Breast Cancer Research, 22, Article 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-020-01324-4

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for 10-15% of primary breast cancers and is typically estrogen receptor alpha positive (ER+) and ERBB2 non-amplified. Somatic mutations in ERBB2/3 are emerging as a tractable... Read More about Targetable ERBB2 mutation status is an independent marker of adverse prognosis in estrogen receptor positive, ERBB2 non-amplified primary lobular breast carcinoma: a retrospective in silico analysis of public datasets.

The clinical significance of oestrogen receptor expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (2020)
Journal Article
Miligy, I. M., Toss, M. S., Shiino, S., Oni, G., Syed, B. M., Khout, H., Tan, Q., Green, A. R., Macmillan, R. D., Robertson, J. F. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2020). The clinical significance of oestrogen receptor expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ. British Journal of Cancer, 123(10), 1513-1520. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-1023-3

Background: Oestrogen receptor (ER) in invasive breast cancer (BC) predicts response to endocrine therapy (ET) and provides prognostic value. In this study, we investigated the value of ER expression in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in terms of out... Read More about The clinical significance of oestrogen receptor expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ.

Biology of oestrogen-receptor positive primary of core needle biopsy samples and correlation with clinical outcome (2020)
Journal Article
Parks, R. M., Albanghali, M., Syed, B. M., Green, A. R., Ellis, I. O., & Cheung, K. L. (2020). Biology of oestrogen-receptor positive primary of core needle biopsy samples and correlation with clinical outcome. Cancers, 12(8), Article 2067. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12082067

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. The majority of biological profiling studies use surgical excision (SE) samples, excluding patients receiving nonsurgical and neoadjuvant therapy. We propose using core needle biopsy (CNB) for... Read More about Biology of oestrogen-receptor positive primary of core needle biopsy samples and correlation with clinical outcome.

Werner Syndrome Protein Expression in Breast Cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Savva, C., Sadiq, M., Sheikh, O., Karim, S., Trivedi, S., Green, A. R., Rakha, E. A., Madhusudan, S., & Arora, A. (2021). Werner Syndrome Protein Expression in Breast Cancer. Clinical Breast Cancer, 21(1), 57-73.E7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clbc.2020.07.013

Introduction
Werner protein (WRN) plays an important role in DNA repair, replication, transcription, and consequently genomic stability via its DNA-helicase and exonuclease activity. Loss of function of WRN is associated with Werner syndrome (WS), w... Read More about Werner Syndrome Protein Expression in Breast Cancer.

IL6/STAT3 Signaling Hijacks Estrogen Receptor α Enhancers to Drive Breast Cancer Metastasis (2020)
Journal Article
Siersbaek, R., Scabia, V., Nagarajan, S., Chernukhin, I., Papachristou, E. K., Broome, R., Johnston, S. J., Joosten, S. E. P., Green, A. R., Kumar, S., Jones, J., Omarjee, S., Alvarez-Fernandez, R., Glont, S., Aitken, S. J., Kishore, K., Cheeseman, D., Rakha, E. A., Santos, C. D., Zwart, W., …Carroll, J. S. (2020). IL6/STAT3 Signaling Hijacks Estrogen Receptor α Enhancers to Drive Breast Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Cell, 38(3), 412-423.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2020.06.007

The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL6) and its downstream effector STAT3 constitute a key oncogenic pathway, which has been thought to be functionally connected to estrogen receptor α (ER) in breast cancer. We demonstrate that IL6/STAT3 signaling drives me... Read More about IL6/STAT3 Signaling Hijacks Estrogen Receptor α Enhancers to Drive Breast Cancer Metastasis.

Molecular Complexity of Lymphovascular Invasion: The Role of Cell Migration in Breast Cancer as a Prototype (2020)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y. A., Aleskandarany, M. A., Joseph, C., Toss, M. S., Kurozumi, S., Mohammed, O. J., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2020). Molecular Complexity of Lymphovascular Invasion: The Role of Cell Migration in Breast Cancer as a Prototype. Pathobiology, 87, 218–231. https://doi.org/10.1159/000508337

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is associated with poor outcome in breast cancer (BC); however, its underlying mechanisms remain ill-defined. LVI in BC develops through complex molecular pathways involving not only the interplay with the surrounding mi... Read More about Molecular Complexity of Lymphovascular Invasion: The Role of Cell Migration in Breast Cancer as a Prototype.

Association of Sperm-Associated Antigen 5 and Treatment Response in Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Abdel-Fatah, T. M., Ball, G. R., Thangavelu, P. U., Reid, L. E., Reed, A. E. M., Saunus, J. M., Duijf, P. H., Simpson, P. T., Lakhani, S. R., Pongor, L., Gyorffy, B., Moseley, P. M., Green, A. R., Pockley, A. G., Caldas, C., Ellis, I. O., & Chan, S. Y. (2020). Association of Sperm-Associated Antigen 5 and Treatment Response in Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer. JAMA Network Open, 3(7), Article e209486. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.9486

Importance There is no proven test that can guide the optimal treatment, either endocrine therapy or chemotherapy, for estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the associations of sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) tran... Read More about Association of Sperm-Associated Antigen 5 and Treatment Response in Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer.

The prognostic significance of BMI1 expression in invasive breast cancer is dependent on its molecular subtypes (2020)
Journal Article
Althobiti, M., Muftah, A. A., Aleskandarany, M. A., Joseph, C., Toss, M. S., Green, A., & Rakha, E. (2020). The prognostic significance of BMI1 expression in invasive breast cancer is dependent on its molecular subtypes. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 182, 581–589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05719-x

Purpose: BMI-1, which is a major component of the polycomb group
complex 1 is an essential epigenetic repressor of multiple regulatory genes and has been identified as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in several cancers. However, its role in breast c... Read More about The prognostic significance of BMI1 expression in invasive breast cancer is dependent on its molecular subtypes.

Molecular Aspects and Future Perspectives of Cytokine-Based Anti-cancer Immunotherapy (2020)
Journal Article
Chulpanova, D. S., Kitaeva, K. V., Green, A. R., Rizvanov, A. A., & Solovyeva, V. V. (2020). Molecular Aspects and Future Perspectives of Cytokine-Based Anti-cancer Immunotherapy. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 8, Article 402. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00402

Cytokine-based immunotherapy is a promising field in the cancer treatment, since cytokines, as proteins of the immune system, are able to modulate the host immune response toward cancer cell, as well as directly induce tumor cell death. Since a low d... Read More about Molecular Aspects and Future Perspectives of Cytokine-Based Anti-cancer Immunotherapy.

Elevated MMP9 expression in breast cancer is a predictor of shorter patient survival (2020)
Journal Article
Joseph, C., Alsaleem, M., Orah, N., Narasimha, P. L., Miligy, I. M., Kurozumi, S., Ellis, I. O., Mongan, N. P., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2020). Elevated MMP9 expression in breast cancer is a predictor of shorter patient survival. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 182, 267–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05670-x

Purpose: MMP9 is a matricellular protein associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, that promotes tumour progression, and modulates the activity of cell adhesion molecules and cytokines. This study aims to assess the prognostic value of... Read More about Elevated MMP9 expression in breast cancer is a predictor of shorter patient survival.

PPFIA1 expression associates with poor response to endocrine treatment in luminal breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Alfarsi, L. H., El Ansari, R., Craze, M. L., Masisi, B. K., Ellis, I. O., Rakha, E. A., & Green, A. R. (2020). PPFIA1 expression associates with poor response to endocrine treatment in luminal breast cancer. BMC Cancer, 20(1), Article 425. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-020-06939-6

Background
PPFIA1 is an important regulator of cell migration and invasion, regulating focal adhesion signalling and disassembly. PPFIA1 is frequently amplified in breast cancer, and recent functional studies indicate that PPFIA1 is an important pro... Read More about PPFIA1 expression associates with poor response to endocrine treatment in luminal breast cancer.

A novel prognostic two-gene signature for triple negative breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Alsaleem, M. A., Ball, G., Toss, M. S., Raafat, S., Aleskandarany, M., Joseph, C., Ogden, A., Bhattarai, S., Rida, P. C. G., Khani, F., Davis, M., Elemento, O., Aneja, R., Ellis, I. O., Green, A., Mongan, N. P., & Rakha, E. (2020). A novel prognostic two-gene signature for triple negative breast cancer. Modern Pathology, 33, 2208–2220. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-020-0563-7

The absence of a robust risk stratification tool for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) underlies imprecise and non-selective treatment of these patients with cytotoxic chemotherapy. This study aimed to interrogate transcriptomes of TNBC resected s... Read More about A novel prognostic two-gene signature for triple negative breast cancer.

The prognostic significance of ALDH1A1 expression in early invasive breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Althobiti, M., El Ansari, R., Aleskandarany, M., Joseph, C., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2020). The prognostic significance of ALDH1A1 expression in early invasive breast cancer. Histopathology, 77(3), 437-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14129

Aims: Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1 (ALDH1A1)is reportedly a key ALDH isozyme linked to the cancer stem cells (CSC) of many solid tumours, where it is involved in self-renewal, differentiation and self-protection. In this study, the progn... Read More about The prognostic significance of ALDH1A1 expression in early invasive breast cancer.

Myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1) is an independent predictor of poor outcome in invasive breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Aljohani, A. I., Joseph, C., Kurozumi, S., Mohammed, O. J., Miligy, I. M., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. (2020). Myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1) is an independent predictor of poor outcome in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 181(3), 541-551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05646-x

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a disease with variable morphology, clinical behaviour and response to therapy. Identifying factors associated with the progression of early stage BC can help understand the risk of metastasis and guide treatment dec... Read More about Myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1) is an independent predictor of poor outcome in invasive breast cancer.

SPAG5: An Emerging Oncogene (2020)
Journal Article
He, J., Green, A. R., Li, Y., Chan, S. Y. T., & Liu, D.-X. (2020). SPAG5: An Emerging Oncogene. Trends in Cancer, 6(7), 543-547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trecan.2020.03.006

SPAG5 is a mitotic spindle protein. Recent studies have found that it is overexpressed in many human cancers and functions as an oncogene. We summarize the current underlying mechanisms for its oncogenic roles in regulating cellular behaviors of canc... Read More about SPAG5: An Emerging Oncogene.

The solute carrier SLC7A8 is a marker of favourable prognosis in ER-positive low proliferative invasive breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Ansari, R., Craze, M. L., Alfarsi, L., Masisi, B. K., Ellis, I. O., Rakha, E. A., & Green, A. R. (2020). The solute carrier SLC7A8 is a marker of favourable prognosis in ER-positive low proliferative invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 181(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05586-6

Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease consisting of various subtypes, with
different prognostic and therapeutic outcomes. The amino acid transporter, SLC7A8, is over expressed in estrogen receptor positive BC. However the consequenc... Read More about The solute carrier SLC7A8 is a marker of favourable prognosis in ER-positive low proliferative invasive breast cancer.