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Vertex-element models for anisotropic growth of elongated plant organs

Fozard, John A.; Lucas, Mika�l; King, John R.; Jensen, Oliver E.

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Authors

John A. Fozard

Mika�l Lucas

John R. King

Oliver E. Jensen



Abstract

New tools are required to address the challenge of relating plant hormone levels, hormone responses, wall biochemistry and wall mechanical properties to organ-scale growth. Current vertex-based models (applied in other contexts) can be unsuitable for simulating the growth of elongated organs such as roots because of the large aspect ratio of the cells, and these models fail to capture the mechanical properties of cell walls in sufficient detail. We describe a vertex-element model which resolves individual cells and includes anisotropic non-linear viscoelastic mechanical properties of cell walls and cell division whilst still being computationally efficient. We show that detailed consideration of the cell walls in the plane of a 2D simulation is necessary when cells have large aspect ratio, such as those in the root elongation zone of Arabidopsis thaliana, in order to avoid anomalous transverse swelling. We explore how differences in the mechanical properties of cells across an organ can result in bending and how cellulose microfibril orientation affects macroscale growth. We also demonstrate that the model can be used to simulate growth on realistic geometries, for example that of the primary root apex, using moderate computational resources. The model shows how macroscopic root shape can be sensitive to fine-scale cellular geometries.

Citation

Fozard, J. A., Lucas, M., King, J. R., & Jensen, O. E. (2013). Vertex-element models for anisotropic growth of elongated plant organs. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4(233), https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00233

Journal Article Type Article
Publication Date Jul 10, 2013
Deposit Date Apr 4, 2014
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Frontiers in Plant Science
Electronic ISSN 1664-462X
Publisher Frontiers Media
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 4
Issue 233
DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00233
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/716582
Publisher URL http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2013.00233/abstract
Additional Information This Document is Protected by copyright and was first published by Frontiers. All rights reserved. it is reproduced with permission.

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