Costs of Care of Agitation Associated With Dementia in 8 European Countries: Results From the RightTimePlaceCare Study

Costa, Nad?ge; W?bker, Ansgar; De Maul?on, Adela?de; Zwakhalen, Sandra M.G.; Challis, David; Leino-Kilpi, Helena; Hallberg, Ingalill R.; Stephan, Astrid; Zabalegui, Adelaida; Saks, Kai; Molinier, Laurent; Wimo, Anders; Vellas, Bruno; Sauerland, Dirk; Binot, Ingrid; Soto, Maria E.; Meyer, Gabriele; Renom Guiteras, Anna; Bremer, Patrick; Hamers, Jan P.H.; Afram, Basema; Beerens, Hanneke C.; Bleijlevens, Michel H.C.; Verbeek, Hilde; Ruwaard, Dirk; Rahm Hallberg, Ingalill; Emilsson, Ulla Melin; Karlsson, Staffan; Challis, David; Sutcliffe, Caroline; Jolley, David; Tucker, Sue; Bowns, Ian; Roe, Brenda; Burns, Alistair; Leino-Kilpi, Helena; Koskenniemi, Jaana; Suhonen, Riitta; Viitanen, Matti; Arve, Seija; Stolt, Minna; Hupli, Maija; Saks, Kai; Tiit, Ene Margit; Leibur, Jelena; Raamat, Katrin; Armolik, Angelika; Marjatta Toivari, Teija Tuula; Zabalegui, Adelaida; Navarro, Montserrat; Cabrera, Esther; Risco, Ester; Soto, Maria; Milhet, Agathe; Sourdet, Sandrine; Gillette, Sophie; Vellas, Brun...

Abstract

© 2017 AMDA – The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine Objective To estimate the additional societal costs for people living with dementia (PwD) with agitation in home care (HC) and institutional long-term care (ILTC) settings in 8 European countries. Design Cross-sectional data from the RightTimePlaceCare cohort. Setting HC and ILTC settings from 8 European countries (Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and England). Participants A total of 1997 PwD (1217 in HC group and 780 lived in an ILTC) and their caregivers. Main Outcome Measures Medical care, community care, and informal care were recorded using the Resource Utilization in Dementia (RUD) questionnaire. Agitation was assessed based on the agitation symptoms cluster defined by the presence of agitation and/or irritability and/or disinhibition and/or aberrant motor behavior items of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Results Total monthly mean cost differences due to agitation were 445€ in the HC setting and 561€ in the ILTC setting (P =.01 and.02, respectively). Informal care costs were the main driver in the HC group (73% of total costs) and institutional care costs were the main driver in the ILTC group (53% of total costs). After adjustments, the log link generalized linear mixed model showed an association between agitation symptoms and an increase of informal care costs by 17% per month in HC setting (P

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 7, 2017
• Online Publication Date: Jan 1, 2018
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2018
• Deposit Date: Jul 15, 2020
• Journal: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
• Print ISSN: 1525-8610
• Electronic ISSN: 1538-9375
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 19
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 95.e1-95.e10
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2017.10.013
• Keywords: Dementia, long-term care, informal care, costs, Europe, agitation
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3750811
• Publisher URL: https://www.jamda.com/article/S1525-8610(17)30587-X/fulltext
• Additional Information: Authors on behalf of the RightTimePlaceCare consortium.