Repurposing Antibacterial AM404 as a Potential Anticancer Drug for Targeting Colorectal Cancer Stem-Like Cells

Ahmed, Mehreen; Jinks, Nicholas; Babaei-Jadidi, Roya; Kashfi, Hossein; Castellanos-Uribe, Marcos; May, Sean T.; Mukherjee, Abhik; Nateri, Abdolrahman S.

Abstract

Tumour-promoting inflammation is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and therapeutic resistance. However, the antibiotics and antibacterial drugs and signalling that regulate the potency of anticancer treatment upon forced differentiation of cancer stem-like cell (CSC) are not fully defined yet. We screened an NIH-clinical collection of the small-molecule compound library of antibacterial/anti-inflammatory agents that identified potential candidate drugs targeting CRC-SC for differentiation. Selected compounds were validated in both in vitro organoids and ex vivo colon explant models for their differentiation induction, impediment on neoplastic cell growth, and to elucidate the mechanism of their anticancer activity. We initially focused on AM404, an anandamide uptake inhibitor. AM404 is a metabolite of acetaminophen with antibacterial activity, which showed high potential in preventing CRC-SC features, such as stemness/de-differentiation, migration and drug-resistance. Furthermore, AM404 suppressed the expression of FBXL5 E3-ligase, where AM404 sensitivity was mimicked by FBXL5-knockout. This study uncovers a new molecular mechanism for AM404-altering FBXL5 oncogene which mediates chemo-resistance and CRC invasion, thereby proposes to repurpose antibacterial AM404 as an anticancer agent.

Citation

Ahmed, M., Jinks, N., Babaei-Jadidi, R., Kashfi, H., Castellanos-Uribe, M., May, S. T., …Nateri, A. S. (2019). Repurposing Antibacterial AM404 as a Potential Anticancer Drug for Targeting Colorectal Cancer Stem-Like Cells. Cancers, 12(1), Article 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12010106

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 27, 2019
• Online Publication Date: Dec 31, 2019
• Publication Date: Dec 31, 2019
• Deposit Date: Jan 8, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 8, 2020
• Journal: Cancers
• Electronic ISSN: 2072-6694
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: 106
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12010106
• Keywords: AM404; cancer stem cells; colonosphere; CRC; differentiation; drug screening; FBXL5 E3-ligase; patient derived organoids; resistance and metastasis; tissue explants
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3690254
• Publisher URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/1/106