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Association between opioid use during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants and evidence of brain injury: a propensity score-matched cohort study (2023)
Journal Article
Szatkowski, L., Sharkey, D., Budge, H., & Ojha, S. (2023). Association between opioid use during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants and evidence of brain injury: a propensity score-matched cohort study. eClinicalMedicine, 65, Article 102296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102296

Background: Preterm infants often require mechanical ventilation (MV), which can be a painful experience. Opioids (such as morphine) are used to provide analgesia, despite conflicting evidence about their impact on the developing brain. We aimed to q... Read More about Association between opioid use during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants and evidence of brain injury: a propensity score-matched cohort study.

Breastfeeding in infants diagnosed with Phenylketonuria (PKU): a scoping review (2023)
Journal Article
Kalvala, J., Chong, L., Chadborn, N., & Ojha, S. (2023). Breastfeeding in infants diagnosed with Phenylketonuria (PKU): a scoping review. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 7(1), Article e002066. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002066

Background: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common inherited disease of amino acid metabolism, characterised by elevated levels of phenylalanine (Phe). There is a lack of infant feeding guidance for those with PKU. From birth to 6 months of age, br... Read More about Breastfeeding in infants diagnosed with Phenylketonuria (PKU): a scoping review.

Childhood bone tumours in primary care: helping GPs to identify ‘the needle in the haystack’ (2023)
Journal Article
Shanmugavadivel, D., Liu, J., Ball-Gamble, A., Polanco, A., Vedhara, K., Nathan, P., …Ojha, S. (2023). Childhood bone tumours in primary care: helping GPs to identify ‘the needle in the haystack’. British Journal of General Practice, 73(733), 377-379. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp23x734673

In 2018, the World Health Organization declared childhood cancer as a global disease burden, launching a Global Initiative to improve survival to 60% worldwide by 2030. If achieved, it is estimated that an extra 1 million children’s lives will be sav... Read More about Childhood bone tumours in primary care: helping GPs to identify ‘the needle in the haystack’.

How frequent is routine use of probiotics in UK neonatal units? (2023)
Journal Article
Patel, N., Evans, K., Berrington, J., Szatkowski, L., Costeloe, K., Ojha, S., …NeoTRIPS Collaborative Group. (2023). How frequent is routine use of probiotics in UK neonatal units?. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 7(1), Article e002012. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002012

Objective There is a lack of UK guidance regarding routine use of probiotics in preterm infants to prevent necrotising enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis and death. As practices can vary, we aimed to determine the current usage of probiotics within neo... Read More about How frequent is routine use of probiotics in UK neonatal units?.

Parents and healthcare professionals' attitudes to Kangaroo Care for preterm infants in the United Kingdom (2023)
Journal Article
Walker, S., Ojha, S., & Mitchell, E. J. (2023). Parents and healthcare professionals' attitudes to Kangaroo Care for preterm infants in the United Kingdom. Acta Paediatrica, https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.16795

Aim: To explore the attitudes of parents and healthcare professionals (HCPs), and facilitators and barrier to implementation of Kangaroo Care (KC) in the United Kingdom. Methods: Online cross-sectional survey; distributed via the British Association... Read More about Parents and healthcare professionals' attitudes to Kangaroo Care for preterm infants in the United Kingdom.

Assessing and investigating children with suspected bone and abdominal tumours: an e-Delphi consensus process (2023)
Journal Article
Shanmugavadivel, D., Liu, J. F., Gamble, A., Polanco, A., Vedhara, K., Walker, D., & Ojha, S. (2023). Assessing and investigating children with suspected bone and abdominal tumours: an e-Delphi consensus process. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 7, Article e001771. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001771

Background The incidence of childhood cancer has risen by 15% since the 1990s. Early diagnosis is key to optimising outcomes, however diagnostic delays are widely reported. Presenting symptoms are often non-specific causing a diagnostic dilemma for c... Read More about Assessing and investigating children with suspected bone and abdominal tumours: an e-Delphi consensus process.

Observational cohort study of use of caffeine in preterm infants and association between early caffeine use and neonatal outcomes (2023)
Journal Article
Szatkowski, L., Fateh, S., Abramson, J., Kwok, T. C., Sharkey, D., Budge, H., & Ojha, S. (2023). Observational cohort study of use of caffeine in preterm infants and association between early caffeine use and neonatal outcomes. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 108(5), 505-510. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-324919

Objective: To quantify trends in caffeine use in infants born at

Breastfeeding in infants diagnosed with phenylketonuria (2022)
Journal Article
Chong, L., Kalvala, J., Chadborn, N., & Ojha, S. (2022). Breastfeeding in infants diagnosed with phenylketonuria. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2022(8), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD015243

Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. To assess the effects of breastfeeding (exclusive or partial) compared to low-Phe formula feeding in the first six months after birth in infants diag... Read More about Breastfeeding in infants diagnosed with phenylketonuria.

Sedation and analgesia from prolonged pain and stress during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants: is dexmedetomidine an alternative to current practice? (2022)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., Abramson, J., & Dorling, J. (2022). Sedation and analgesia from prolonged pain and stress during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants: is dexmedetomidine an alternative to current practice?. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 6(1), Article e001460. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001460

Mechanical ventilation is an uncomfortable and potentially painful intervention. Opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, are used for analgesia and sedation but there is uncertainty whether they reduce pain in mechanically ventilated infants. Moreove... Read More about Sedation and analgesia from prolonged pain and stress during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants: is dexmedetomidine an alternative to current practice?.

Availability of active therapeutic hypothermia at birth for neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: a UK population study from 2011 to 2018 (2022)
Journal Article
Mistry, A., Shipley, L., Ojha, S., & Sharkey, D. (2022). Availability of active therapeutic hypothermia at birth for neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: a UK population study from 2011 to 2018. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 107(6), 597-602. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322906

Objective: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) commenced soon after birth for neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) improves survival and reduces neurodisability. Availability of active TH at the place of birth (Immediate-TH) in the UK is unknown.... Read More about Availability of active therapeutic hypothermia at birth for neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: a UK population study from 2011 to 2018.

The natural history of ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T): A systematic review (2022)
Journal Article
Petley, E., Yule, A., Alexander, S., Ojha, S., & Whitehouse, W. P. (2022). The natural history of ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T): A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 17(3), Article e0264177. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264177

Background: Ataxia-telangiectasia is an autosomal recessive, multi-system, and life-shortening disease caused by mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene. Although widely reported, there are no studies that give a comprehensive picture of... Read More about The natural history of ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T): A systematic review.

Childhood Cancer Diagnosis (CCD) Study: a UK observational study to describe referral pathways and quantify diagnostic intervals in children and young people with cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Shanmugavadivel, D., Liu, J., Gamble, A., Polanco, A., Vedhara, K., Walker, D., & Ojha, S. (2022). Childhood Cancer Diagnosis (CCD) Study: a UK observational study to describe referral pathways and quantify diagnostic intervals in children and young people with cancer. BMJ Open, 12(2), Article e058744. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058744

Introduction: Childhood cancer is diagnosed in 400,000 children and young people (CYP) aged 0-19 years worldwide annually. In the UK, a child’s cumulative cancer risk increases from 1 in 4690 from birth to aged 1, to 1 in 470 by age 15. Once diagnose... Read More about Childhood Cancer Diagnosis (CCD) Study: a UK observational study to describe referral pathways and quantify diagnostic intervals in children and young people with cancer.

The Childhood Cancer Diagnosis (CCD) Study: a UK observational study to describe referral pathways and quantify diagnostic intervals in children and young people with cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Shanmugavadivel, D., Liu, J., Ball-Gamble, A., Polanco, A., Vedhara, K., Walker, D., & Ojha, S. (2022). The Childhood Cancer Diagnosis (CCD) Study: a UK observational study to describe referral pathways and quantify diagnostic intervals in children and young people with cancer. BMJ Open, 12(2), Article e058744. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058744

Introduction: Childhood cancer is diagnosed in 400 000 children and young people (CYP) aged 0–19 years worldwide annually. In the UK, a child’s cumulative cancer risk increases from 1 in 4690 from birth to aged 1, to 1 in 470 by age 15. Once diagnose... Read More about The Childhood Cancer Diagnosis (CCD) Study: a UK observational study to describe referral pathways and quantify diagnostic intervals in children and young people with cancer.

Daily Bread: Women’s Self-Help Microfinance and the Social Meanings of Money (2022)
Journal Article
Bott, E., Ojha, S., Mini, S., Smyth, A. R., Kamal Kumar, R., Choudhary, S., & Yaron, G. (2023). Daily Bread: Women’s Self-Help Microfinance and the Social Meanings of Money. Sociological Research Online, 28(2), 442-461. https://doi.org/10.1177/13607804211058745

In this article, we explore the impacts and implications of ‘Rojiroti’, a women’s self-help group (SHG) microfinance scheme operating in poor communities in Bihar, India. We focus particularly on how improvements found in women’s circumstances and in... Read More about Daily Bread: Women’s Self-Help Microfinance and the Social Meanings of Money.

The FEED1 trial: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of full milk feeds versus intravenous fluids with gradual feeding for preterm infants (30–33 weeks gestational age) (2022)
Journal Article
Mitchell, E. J., Meakin, G., Anderson, J., Dorling, J., Gale, C., Haines, R., …Ojha, S. (2022). The FEED1 trial: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of full milk feeds versus intravenous fluids with gradual feeding for preterm infants (30–33 weeks gestational age). Trials, 23(1), Article 64. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05994-z

Background: In the UK, approximately 8% of live births are preterm (before 37 weeks gestation), more than 90% of whom are born between 30 and 36 weeks, forming the largest proportion of a neonatal units’ workload. Neonatologists are cautious in initi... Read More about The FEED1 trial: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of full milk feeds versus intravenous fluids with gradual feeding for preterm infants (30–33 weeks gestational age).

Drug utilisation in neonatal units in England and Wales: a national cohort study (2022)
Journal Article
Al-Turkait, A., Szatkowski, L., Choonara, I., & Ojha, S. (2022). Drug utilisation in neonatal units in England and Wales: a national cohort study. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 78(4), 669-677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-021-03267-x

Purpose: To describe drug utilisation patterns in neonatal units. Methods: Retrospective observational cohort study using data held in the National Neonatal Research Database (NNRD) for neonatal units in England and Wales including infants born at 23... Read More about Drug utilisation in neonatal units in England and Wales: a national cohort study.

Evaluation of an enhanced training package to support clinical trials training in low and middle income countries (LMICs): experiences from the Born Too Soon Optimising Nutrition study (2021)
Working Paper
Mitchell, E. J., Aluvaala, J., Bradshaw, L., Daniels, J., Kumar, A., Opira, J., …Ojha, S. Evaluation of an enhanced training package to support clinical trials training in low and middle income countries (LMICs): experiences from the Born Too Soon Optimising Nutrition study

Training is essential before working on a clinical trial, yet there is limited evidence on effective training methods. In low and middle income countries (LMICs), training of research staff was considered the second highest priority in a global healt... Read More about Evaluation of an enhanced training package to support clinical trials training in low and middle income countries (LMICs): experiences from the Born Too Soon Optimising Nutrition study.

Anti-reflux medication use in preterm infants (2021)
Journal Article
Binti Abdul Hamid, H., Szatkowski, L., Budge, H., & Ojha, S. (2022). Anti-reflux medication use in preterm infants. Pediatric Research, 92, 520-525. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-021-01821-y

Background: Current recommendations do not support the use of anti-reflux medications to treat gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) among preterm infants. Objective: To describe the prevalence of GORD and the use of anti-reflux medications amongs... Read More about Anti-reflux medication use in preterm infants.

Observational cohort study of changing trends in non-invasive ventilation in very preterm infants and associations with clinical outcomes (2021)
Journal Article
Sand, L., Szatkowski, L., Kwok, T. C., Sharkey, D., Todd, D. A., Budge, H., & Ojha, S. (2022). Observational cohort study of changing trends in non-invasive ventilation in very preterm infants and associations with clinical outcomes. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 107(2), 150-155. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322390

Objective: To determine the change in non-invasive ventilation (NIV) use over time in infants born at

Parents, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders’ experiences of caring for babies born too soon in a low resource setting: A qualitative study of essential newborn care for preterm infants in Kenya (2021)
Journal Article
Mitchell, E. J., Pallotti, P., Qureshi, Z., Daniels, J. P., Oliver, M., Were, F., …Ojha, S. (2021). Parents, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders’ experiences of caring for babies born too soon in a low resource setting: A qualitative study of essential newborn care for preterm infants in Kenya. BMJ Open, 11(6), Article e043802. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043802

Objectives: Prematurity is the leading cause of global neonatal and infant mortality. Many babies could survive by the provision of essential newborn care. This qualitative study was conducted in order to understand, from a family and professional pe... Read More about Parents, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders’ experiences of caring for babies born too soon in a low resource setting: A qualitative study of essential newborn care for preterm infants in Kenya.

Episiotomy and Initiation of Human Milk Feeds: A Retrospective Observational Study (2021)
Journal Article
Servante, J., Abramson, J., Walker, K. F., & Ojha, S. (2021). Episiotomy and Initiation of Human Milk Feeds: A Retrospective Observational Study. Breastfeeding Medicine, 16(5), 407-413. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2020.0071

Objective: To investigate the association, in the United Kingdom, between having an episiotomy during childbirth and giving human milk by any modality as an infant's first feed. We also identified maternal demographic factors and perinatal experience... Read More about Episiotomy and Initiation of Human Milk Feeds: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Feeding during neonatal therapeutic hypothermia, assessed using routinely collected National Neonatal Research Database data: a retrospective, UK population-based cohort study (2021)
Journal Article
Gale, C., Longford, N. T., Jeyakumaran, D., Ougham, K., Battersby, C., Ojha, S., & Dorling, J. (2021). Feeding during neonatal therapeutic hypothermia, assessed using routinely collected National Neonatal Research Database data: a retrospective, UK population-based cohort study. Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, https://doi.org/10.1016/s2352-4642%2821%2900026-2

Background Therapeutic hypothermia is standard of care in high-income countries for babies born with signs of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, but optimal feeding during treatment is uncertain and practice is variable. This study aimed to assess th... Read More about Feeding during neonatal therapeutic hypothermia, assessed using routinely collected National Neonatal Research Database data: a retrospective, UK population-based cohort study.

Development of an Early Warning Track and Trigger system for preterm or low-birth weight infants in a low resource setting: results of a mixed-methods study at a national referral hospital in Kenya (2020)
Journal Article
Mitchell, E., Qureshi, Z., Were, F., Daniels, J., Gwako, G., Osoti, A., …Ojha, S. (2020). Development of an Early Warning Track and Trigger system for preterm or low-birth weight infants in a low resource setting: results of a mixed-methods study at a national referral hospital in Kenya. BMJ Global Health, 10(10), Article e039061. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039061

Introduction: Fifteen million babies are born prematurely, before 37 weeks gestational age, globally. More than 80% of these are in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. 35% of all deaths in the first month of life are due to prematurity and the neonatal mort... Read More about Development of an Early Warning Track and Trigger system for preterm or low-birth weight infants in a low resource setting: results of a mixed-methods study at a national referral hospital in Kenya.

Feasibility of using an Early Warning Score for preterm or low birthweight infants in a low-resource setting: Results of a mixed-methods study at a national referral hospital in Kenya (2020)
Journal Article
Mitchell, E. J., Qureshi, Z., Were, F., Daniels, J., Gwako, G., Osoti, A., …Ojha, S. (2020). Feasibility of using an Early Warning Score for preterm or low birthweight infants in a low-resource setting: Results of a mixed-methods study at a national referral hospital in Kenya. BMJ Open, 10(10), Article e039061. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039061

© 2020 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Introduction Fifteen million babies are born prematurely, before 37 weeks gestational age, globally. More than 80% of these are in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. 35% of all deaths in the first month o... Read More about Feasibility of using an Early Warning Score for preterm or low birthweight infants in a low-resource setting: Results of a mixed-methods study at a national referral hospital in Kenya.

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in later infancy in term-born infants (2020)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., Elfzzani, Z., Kwok, T. C., & Dorling, J. (2020). Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in later infancy in term-born infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020(7), https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd012241.pub2

Review question We reviewed the evidence for effects of nutrition education about appropriate feeding practices during weaning on growth and development in children born at term gestation. Background Around the world, over 150 million childr... Read More about Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in later infancy in term-born infants.

Investigating ataxia in childhood (2019)
Journal Article
Petley, E., Prasad, M., Ojha, S., & Whitehouse, W. P. (2019). Investigating ataxia in childhood. Archives of Disease in Childhood.education and Practice Edition, https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-315893

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Ataxia is a common presentation to an acute paediatric unit and it can often be difficult to determine the cause. It is important to distingu... Read More about Investigating ataxia in childhood.

Rojiroti microfinance and child nutrition: a cluster randomised trial (2019)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., Szatkowski, L., Sinha, R., Yaron, G., Fogarty, A., Allen, S., …Smyth, A. R. (2020). Rojiroti microfinance and child nutrition: a cluster randomised trial. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 105(3), 229-235. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-316471

Objective To determine whether Rojiroti microfinance, for poor Indian women, improves child nutrition. Design Cluster randomised trial. Setting Tolas (village communities) in Bihar State. Participants Women and children under 5 years. Int... Read More about Rojiroti microfinance and child nutrition: a cluster randomised trial.

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm (Review) Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm (Review) (2019)
Journal Article
Elfzzani, Z., Kwok, T. C., Ojha, S., & Dorling, J. (2019). Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm (Review) Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Article CD012240. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012240.pub2

Background Weaning refers to the period of introduction of solid food to complement breast milk or formula milk. Preterm infants are known to acquire extrauterine growth restriction by the time of discharge from neonatal units. Hence, the postdisc... Read More about Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm (Review) Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm (Review).

Is microfinance associated with changes in women's wellbeing and children's nutrition? a systematic review and meta-analysis (2019)
Journal Article
Gichuru, W., Ojha, S., Smith, S., Smyth, A. R., & Szatkowski, L. (2019). Is microfinance associated with changes in women's wellbeing and children's nutrition? a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 9(1), Article e023658. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023658

Background: Microfinance is the provision of savings and small loans services, with no physical collateral. Most recipients are disadvantaged women. The social and health impacts of microfinance have not been comprehensively evaluated. Objective: To... Read More about Is microfinance associated with changes in women's wellbeing and children's nutrition? a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Optimising nutrition during therapeutic hypothermia (2018)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., Dorling, J., Battersby, C., Longford, N., & Gale, C. (2019). Optimising nutrition during therapeutic hypothermia. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 104(3), F230-F231. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-315393

There is little evidence to inform provision of enteral or parenteral nutrition to infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) during and soon after therapeutic hypothermia; as a consequence, clinical practice is both variable and changing. A... Read More about Optimising nutrition during therapeutic hypothermia.

Oropharyngeal colostrum in preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants (2018)
Journal Article
Nasuf, A. W. A., Ojha, S., & Dorling, J. (2018). Oropharyngeal colostrum in preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011921.pub2

Background Placing a small volume of colostrum directly onto the buccal mucosa of preterm infants during the early neonatal period may provide immunological and growth factors that stimulate the immune system and enhance intestinal growth. These ben... Read More about Oropharyngeal colostrum in preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants.

Systemic effects of Optos versus indirect ophthalmoscopy for retinopathy of prematurity screening (2018)
Journal Article
Fung, T. H., Abramson, J., Ojha, S., & Holden, R. (2018). Systemic effects of Optos versus indirect ophthalmoscopy for retinopathy of prematurity screening. Ophthalmology: Journal of The American Academy of Ophthalmology, 125(11), 1829–1832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.06.001

Many regions of the world have a relative shortage of ophthalmologists trained and willing to screen for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).1 As a result, many regions have turned to retinal imaging and telemedicine.2 Optos ultrawide-field retinal imag... Read More about Systemic effects of Optos versus indirect ophthalmoscopy for retinopathy of prematurity screening.

Feed thickeners in gastro-oesophageal reflux in infants (2018)
Journal Article
Kwok, T. C., Ojha, S., & Dorling, J. (2018). Feed thickeners in gastro-oesophageal reflux in infants. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 2(1), e000262. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2018-000262

Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is the involuntary retrograde passage of gastric contents into the oesophagus with or without regurgitation. This is a common physiological, self-limiting condition in healthy infants with a prevalence peaking at 3–4 m... Read More about Feed thickeners in gastro-oesophageal reflux in infants.

Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro-oesophageal reflux (Review) (2017)
Journal Article
Kwok, T. C., Ojha, S., & Dorling, J. (in press). Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro-oesophageal reflux (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Article CD003211. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003211.pub2

Background Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is common in infants, and feed thickeners are often used to manage it in infants as they are simple to use and perceived to be harmless. However, conflicting evidence exists to support the use of feed thick... Read More about Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro-oesophageal reflux (Review).

Protocol for a prospective observational study of adverse drug reactions of antiepileptic drugs in children in the UK (2017)
Journal Article
Egunsola, O., Sammons, H. M., Ojha, S., Whitehouse, W. P., Anderson, M., Hawcutt, D., & Choonara, I. (2017). Protocol for a prospective observational study of adverse drug reactions of antiepileptic drugs in children in the UK. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 1(1), Article 000116. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2017-000116

Background Epilepsy is a common chronic disease of children that can be treated with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). AEDs, however, have significant side effects. Newer AEDs are thought to have fewer side effects. There have, however, been few comparati... Read More about Protocol for a prospective observational study of adverse drug reactions of antiepileptic drugs in children in the UK.

Multicentre prospective observational study of feeding practices in 30–33 weeks preterm infants (2017)
Journal Article
Kwok, T., Kwok, T., Dorling, J., Dorling, J., Ojha, S., & Ojha, S. (2017). Multicentre prospective observational study of feeding practices in 30–33 weeks preterm infants. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 1(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2017-000040

Background: Current evidence supports progressive feeding in preterm infants. Due to lower necrotising enterocolitis risk, recent studies suggest starting total enteral feeding from birth in 30–33 weeks preterm infants. The feasibility of this practi... Read More about Multicentre prospective observational study of feeding practices in 30–33 weeks preterm infants.

Newborn infants with bilious vomiting: a national audit of neonatal transport services (2017)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., Sand, L., Ratnavel, N., Kempley, S., Sinha, A., Mohinuddin, S., …Leslie, A. (2017). Newborn infants with bilious vomiting: a national audit of neonatal transport services. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 102(6), Article F515-518. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-312208

Objective: The precautionary approach to urgently investigate infants with bilious vomiting has increased the numbers referred to transport teams and tertiary surgical centres. The aim of this national UK audit was to quantify referrals, determine th... Read More about Newborn infants with bilious vomiting: a national audit of neonatal transport services.

The placenta, maternal diet and adipose tissue development in the newborn (2017)
Journal Article
Symonds, M. E., Bloor, I., Ojha, S., & Budge, H. (2017). The placenta, maternal diet and adipose tissue development in the newborn. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 70(3), 232-235. https://doi.org/10.1159/000464301

Background: A majority of adipose tissue present in the newborn possess the unique mitochondrial protein, uncoupling protein (UCP1). It is thus highly metabolically active and capable of producing 300 times more heat per unit mass than any other orga... Read More about The placenta, maternal diet and adipose tissue development in the newborn.

Gene pathway development in human epicardial adipose tissue during early life (2016)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., Fainberg, H. P., Wilson, V., Pelella, G., Castellanos, M., May, S., …Budge, H. (in press). Gene pathway development in human epicardial adipose tissue during early life. JCI insight, 1(13), Article e87460. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.87460

Studies in rodents and newborn humans demonstrate the influence of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in temperature control and energy balance and a critical role in the regulation of body weight. Here, we obtained samples of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT)... Read More about Gene pathway development in human epicardial adipose tissue during early life.

Feasibility and pilot study of the effects of microfinance on mortality and nutrition in children under five amongst the very poor in India: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial (2014)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., Szatkowski, L., Sinha, R., Yaron, G., Fogarty, A. W., Allen, S., …Smyth, A. R. (2014). Feasibility and pilot study of the effects of microfinance on mortality and nutrition in children under five amongst the very poor in India: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. Trials, 15, Article 298. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-15-298

Background: The United Nations Millennium Development Goals include targets for the health of children under five years old. Poor health is linked to poverty and microfinance initiatives are economic interventions that may improve health by breaking... Read More about Feasibility and pilot study of the effects of microfinance on mortality and nutrition in children under five amongst the very poor in India: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Body Mass Index as a Determinant of Brown Adipose Tissue Function in Healthy Children (2013)
Journal Article
Robinson, L., Ojha, S., Symonds, M., & Budge, H. (2014). Body Mass Index as a Determinant of Brown Adipose Tissue Function in Healthy Children. Journal of Pediatrics, 164(2), 318-322.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.10.005

Objective To determine whether body mass index (BMI) percentile and ethnicity influence skin temperature overlying brown adipose tissue (BAT) depots in the supraclavicular region in healthy children. Study design Infrared thermography measured s... Read More about Body Mass Index as a Determinant of Brown Adipose Tissue Function in Healthy Children.