Professor Matthew Loose's Outputs (34)

Enhancing nanopore adaptive sampling for PromethION using readfish at scale (2025)
Journal Article
Munro, R., Payne, A., Holmes, N., Moore, C., Cahyani, I., & Loose, M. (in press). Enhancing nanopore adaptive sampling for PromethION using readfish at scale. Genome Research, https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.279329.124

A unique feature of Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencers, adaptive sampling, allows precise DNA molecule selection from sequencing libraries. Here we present enhancements to our tool, readfish, enabling all features for the industrial scale Promet... Read More about Enhancing nanopore adaptive sampling for PromethION using readfish at scale.

Multiple novel caliciviruses identified from stoats (Mustela erminea) in the United Kingdom (2024)
Journal Article
Hinds, J., Apaa, T., Parry, R. H., Withers, A. J., MacKenzie, L., Staley, C., Morrison, J., Bennett, M., Bremner-Harrison, S., Chadwick, E. A., Hailer, F., Harrison, S. W., Lambin, X., Loose, M., Mathews, F., Tarlinton, R., & Blanchard, A. (2024). Multiple novel caliciviruses identified from stoats (Mustela erminea) in the United Kingdom. Access Microbiology, 6(7), Article 000813.v4. https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000813.v4

The Caliciviridae family, comprising positive-sense RNA viruses, is characterised by its non-enveloped, small virions, broad host range, and notable tendency for host switching. These viruses are primarily associated with gastroenteric disease, thoug... Read More about Multiple novel caliciviruses identified from stoats (Mustela erminea) in the United Kingdom.

Vivaldi: An amplicon-based whole genome sequencing method for the four seasonal human coronaviruses 229E, NL63, OC43 & HKU1, alongside SARS-CoV-2 (2024)
Preprint / Working Paper
McClure, C. P., Tsoleridis, T., Holmes, N., Chappell, J. G., Byaruhanga, T., Duncan, J., Tofan, M., Khater, A., Berry, L., Clark, G., Irving, W. L., Tarr, A. W., Ball, J. K., Astbury, S., & Loose, M. Vivaldi: An amplicon-based whole genome sequencing method for the four seasonal human coronaviruses 229E, NL63, OC43 & HKU1, alongside SARS-CoV-2

Prior to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019, Alphacoronaviruses 229E and NL63 and Betacoronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 were already established endemic ‘common cold’ viral infections. Despite their collective contribution towards global respiratory morbi... Read More about Vivaldi: An amplicon-based whole genome sequencing method for the four seasonal human coronaviruses 229E, NL63, OC43 & HKU1, alongside SARS-CoV-2.

Impact of whole-genome duplications on structural variant evolution in Cochlearia (2024)
Journal Article
Hämälä, T., Moore, C., Cowan, L., Carlile, M., Gopaulchan, D., K. Brandrud, M. K., Birkeland, S., Loose, M., Kolář, F., Koch, M., & Yant, L. (2024). Impact of whole-genome duplications on structural variant evolution in Cochlearia. Nature Communications, 15, Article 5377. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49679-y

Polyploidy, the result of whole-genome duplication (WGD), is a major driver of eukaryote evolution. Yet WGDs are hugely disruptive mutations, and we still lack a clear understanding of their fitness consequences. Here, we study whether WGDs result in... Read More about Impact of whole-genome duplications on structural variant evolution in Cochlearia.

A single-cell atlas of pig gastrulation as a resource for comparative embryology (2024)
Journal Article
Simpson, L., Strange, A., Klisch, D., Kraunsoe, S., Azami, T., Goszczynski, D., Le Minh, T., Planells, B., Holmes, N., Sang, F., Henson, S., Loose, M., Nichols, J., & Alberio, R. (2024). A single-cell atlas of pig gastrulation as a resource for comparative embryology. Nature Communications, 15(1), Article 5210. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49407-6

Cell-fate decisions during mammalian gastrulation are poorly understood outside of rodent embryos. The embryonic disc of pig embryos mirrors humans, making them a useful proxy for studying gastrulation. Here we present a single-cell transcriptomic at... Read More about A single-cell atlas of pig gastrulation as a resource for comparative embryology.

Sarbecoviruses of British Horseshoe Bats; Sequence Variation and Epidemiology (2023)
Journal Article
Apaa, T., Withers, A. J., Staley, C. E., Blanchard, A. M., Bennett, M., Bremner-Harrison, S., Chadwick, E. A., Hailer, F., Harrison, S. W. R., Loose, M., Mathews, F., & Tarlinton, R. E. (2023). Sarbecoviruses of British Horseshoe Bats; Sequence Variation and Epidemiology. Journal of General Virology, 104(6), Article 001859. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.14.528476

Horseshoe bats are the natural hosts of the Sarbecovirus subgenus that includes SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV- 2. Despite the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is still little known about the underlying epidemiology and virology of sarbecovi... Read More about Sarbecoviruses of British Horseshoe Bats; Sequence Variation and Epidemiology.

NANOG is required to establish the competence for germ-layer differentiation in the basal tetrapod axolotl (2023)
Journal Article
Simpson, L. A., Crowley, D., Forey, T., Acosta, H., Ferjentsik, Z., Chatfield, J., Payne, A., Simpson, B. S., Redwood, C., Dixon, J. E., Holmes, N., Sang, F., Alberio, R., Loose, M., & Johnson, A. D. (2023). NANOG is required to establish the competence for germ-layer differentiation in the basal tetrapod axolotl. PLoS Biology, 21(6), Article e3002121. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002121

Pluripotency defines the unlimited potential of individual cells of vertebrate embryos, from which all adult somatic cells and germ cells are derived. Understanding how the programming of pluripotency evolved has been obscured in part by a lack of da... Read More about NANOG is required to establish the competence for germ-layer differentiation in the basal tetrapod axolotl.

Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus (2023)
Journal Article
Edwards, A., Njaci, I., Sarkar, A., Jiang, Z., Kaithakottil, G. G., Moore, C., Cheema, J., Stevenson, C. E. M., Rejzek, M., Novák, P., Vigouroux, M., Vickers, M., Wouters, R. H. M., Paajanen, P., Steuernagel, B., Moore, J. D., Higgins, J., Swarbreck, D., Martens, S., Kim, C. Y., …Emmrich, P. M. F. (2023). Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus. Nature Communications, 14, Article 876. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36503-2

Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a rich source of protein cultivated as an insurance crop in Ethiopia, Eritrea, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Its resilience to both drought and flooding makes it a promising crop for ensuring food security in a chan... Read More about Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus.

Dynamic, adaptive sampling during nanopore sequencing using Bayesian experimental design (2023)
Journal Article
Weilguny, L., De Maio, N., Munro, R., Manser, C., Birney, E., Loose, M., & Goldman, N. (2023). Dynamic, adaptive sampling during nanopore sequencing using Bayesian experimental design. Nature Biotechnology, 41, 1018–1025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-022-01580-z

Nanopore sequencers can select which DNA molecules to sequence, rejecting a molecule after analysis of a small initial part. Currently, selection is based on predetermined regions of interest that remain constant throughout an experiment. Sequencing... Read More about Dynamic, adaptive sampling during nanopore sequencing using Bayesian experimental design.

Genome Reference Assembly for Bottlenecked Southern Australian Koalas (2022)
Journal Article
Blanchard, A. M., Emes, R. D., Greenwood, A. D., Holmes, N., Loose, M. W., McEwen, G. K., Meers, J., Speight, N., & Tarlinton, R. E. (2023). Genome Reference Assembly for Bottlenecked Southern Australian Koalas. Genome Biology and Evolution, 15(1), Article evac176. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evac176

Koala populations show marked differences in inbreeding levels and in the presence or absence of the endogenous Koala retrovirus (KoRV). These genetic differences among populations may lead to severe disease impacts threatening koala population viabi... Read More about Genome Reference Assembly for Bottlenecked Southern Australian Koalas.

Factors affecting turnaround time of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing for inpatient infection prevention and control decision making: analysis of data from the COG-UK HOCI study (2022)
Journal Article
Colton, H., Parker, M. D., Stirrup, O., Blackstone, J., Loose, M., McClure, C. P., Roy, S., Williams, C., McLeod, J., Smith, D., Taha, Y., Zhang, P., Hsu, S. N., Kele, B., Harris, K., Mapp, F., Williams, R., COG-UK HOCI Investigators, COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, Flowers, P., Breuer, J., …de Silva, T. I. (2023). Factors affecting turnaround time of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing for inpatient infection prevention and control decision making: analysis of data from the COG-UK HOCI study. Journal of Hospital Infection, 131, 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2022.09.022

Background
Barriers to rapid return of sequencing results can affect the utility of sequence data for infection prevention and control decisions.

Aim
To undertake a mixed-methods analysis to identify challenges that sites faced in achieving a ra... Read More about Factors affecting turnaround time of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing for inpatient infection prevention and control decision making: analysis of data from the COG-UK HOCI study.

Dissecting microbial communities and resistomes for interconnected humans, soil, and livestock (2022)
Journal Article
Maciel-Guerra, A., Baker, M., Hu, Y., Wang, W., Zhang, X., Rong, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Kaler, J., Renney, D., Loose, M., Emes, R. D., Liu, L., Chen, J., Peng, Z., Li, F., & Dottorini, T. (2023). Dissecting microbial communities and resistomes for interconnected humans, soil, and livestock. ISME Journal, 17(1), 21-35. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-022-01315-7

A debate is currently ongoing as to whether intensive livestock farms may constitute reservoirs of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance (AMR), thus posing a threat to surrounding communities. Here, combining shotgun metagenome sequencing, mac... Read More about Dissecting microbial communities and resistomes for interconnected humans, soil, and livestock.

Differential and defective transcription of koala retrovirus indicates the complexity of host and virus evolution (2022)
Journal Article
Tarlinton, R. E., Legione, A. R., Sarker, N., Fabijan, J., Meers, J., McMichael, L., Simmons, G., Owen, H., Seddon, J. .., Dick, G., Ryder, J. S., Hemmatzedah, F., Trott, D. J., Speight, N., Holmes, N., Loose, M., & Emes, R. D. (2022). Differential and defective transcription of koala retrovirus indicates the complexity of host and virus evolution. Journal of General Virology, 103(6), Article 001749. https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001749

Koala retrovirus (KoRV) is unique amongst endogenous (inherited) retroviruses in that its incorporation to the host genome is still active, providing an opportunity to study what drives this fundamental process in vertebrate genome evolution. Animals... Read More about Differential and defective transcription of koala retrovirus indicates the complexity of host and virus evolution.

Genome Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 in Indonesia, ASEAN and the Neighbouring East Asian Countries: Features, Challenges and Achievements (2022)
Journal Article
Cahyani, I., Putro, E. W., Ridwanuloh, A. M., Wibowo, S., Hariyatun, H., Syahputra, G., Akbariani, G., Utomo, A. R., Ilyas, M., Loose, M., Kusharyoto, W., & Susanti, S. (2022). Genome Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 in Indonesia, ASEAN and the Neighbouring East Asian Countries: Features, Challenges and Achievements. Viruses, 14(4), Article 778. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14040778

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has played a significant role in understanding the epidemiology and biology of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here, we investigate the use of SARS-CoV-2 WGS in Southeast and East Asian countries as a genomic surveillance during the C... Read More about Genome Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 in Indonesia, ASEAN and the Neighbouring East Asian Countries: Features, Challenges and Achievements.

The Impact of Real-Time Whole-Genome Sequencing in Controlling Healthcare-Associated SARS-CoV-2 Outbreaks (2021)
Journal Article
Francis, R. V., Billam, H., Clarke, M., Yates, C., Tsoleridis, T., Berry, L., Mahida, N., Irving, W. L., Moore, C., Holmes, N., Ball, J. K., Loose, M., & McClure, C. P. (2022). The Impact of Real-Time Whole-Genome Sequencing in Controlling Healthcare-Associated SARS-CoV-2 Outbreaks. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 225(1), 10-18. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab483

Nosocomial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have severely affected bed capacity and patient flow. We utilized whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to identify outbreaks and focus infection control resources and interve... Read More about The Impact of Real-Time Whole-Genome Sequencing in Controlling Healthcare-Associated SARS-CoV-2 Outbreaks.

minoTour, real-time monitoring and analysis for nanopore sequencers (2021)
Journal Article
Munro, R., Santos, R., Payne, A., Forey, T., Osei, S., Holmes, N., & Loose, M. (2022). minoTour, real-time monitoring and analysis for nanopore sequencers. Bioinformatics, 38(4), 1133-1135. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab780

Summary: MinoTour offers a LIMS system for Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencers, with real-time metrics and analysis available permanently for review. Integration of unique real-time automated analysis can reduce the time required to answer biologic... Read More about minoTour, real-time monitoring and analysis for nanopore sequencers.

Specification and epigenomic resetting of the pig germline exhibit conservation with the human lineage (2021)
Journal Article
Zhu, Q., Sang, F., Withey, S., Tang, W., Dietmann, S., Klisch, D., Ramos-Ibeas, P., Zhang, H., Requena, C. E., Loose, M., Surani, M. A., & Alberio, R. (2021). Specification and epigenomic resetting of the pig germline exhibit conservation with the human lineage. Cell Reports, 34(6), Article 108735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108735

Investigations of the human germline and programming are challenging because of limited access to embryonic material. However, the pig as a model may provide insights into transcriptional network and epigenetic reprogramming applicable to both specie... Read More about Specification and epigenomic resetting of the pig germline exhibit conservation with the human lineage.

Readfish enables targeted nanopore sequencing of gigabase-sized genomes (2020)
Journal Article
Payne, A., Holmes, N., Clarke, T., Munro, R., Debebe, B., & Loose, M. (2021). Readfish enables targeted nanopore sequencing of gigabase-sized genomes. Nature Biotechnology, 39, 442-450. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-020-00746-x

© 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. Nanopore sequencers can be used to selectively sequence certain DNA molecules in a pool by reversing the voltage across individual nanopores to reject specific sequences,... Read More about Readfish enables targeted nanopore sequencing of gigabase-sized genomes.

Nanopore native RNA sequencing of a human poly(A) transcriptome (2019)
Journal Article
Workman, R. E., Tang, A. D., Tang, P. S., Jain, M., Tyson, J. R., Razaghi, R., Zuzarte, P. C., Gilpatrick, T., Payne, A., Quick, J., Sadowski, N., Holmes, N., de Jesus, J. G., Jones, K. L., Soulette, C. M., Snutch, T. P., Loman, N., Paten, B., Loose, M., Simpson, J. T., …Timp, W. (2019). Nanopore native RNA sequencing of a human poly(A) transcriptome. Nature Methods, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0617-2

High-throughput complementary DNA sequencing technologies have advanced our understanding of transcriptome complexity and regulation. However, these methods lose information contained in biological RNA because the copied reads are often short and mod... Read More about Nanopore native RNA sequencing of a human poly(A) transcriptome.

Pluripotency and X chromosome dynamics revealed in pig pre-gastrulating embryos by single cell analysis (2019)
Journal Article
Ramos-Ibeas, P., Sang, F., Zhu, Q., Wang, W. W., Withey, S., Klisch, D., Wood, L., Loose, M., Surani, M. A., & Alberio, R. (2019). Pluripotency and X chromosome dynamics revealed in pig pre-gastrulating embryos by single cell analysis. Nature Communications, 10, Article 500. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08387-8

High-resolution molecular programmes delineating the cellular foundations of mammalian embryogenesis have emerged recently. Similar analysis of human embryos is limited to pre-implantation stages, since early post-implantation embryos are largely ina... Read More about Pluripotency and X chromosome dynamics revealed in pig pre-gastrulating embryos by single cell analysis.