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ELF5 drives lung metastasis in luminal breast cancer through recruitment of Gr1+ CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (2015)
Journal Article
Gallego-Ortega, D., Ledger, A., Roden, D. L., Law, A. M., Magenau, A., Kikhtyak, Z., …Ormandy, C. J. (2015). ELF5 drives lung metastasis in luminal breast cancer through recruitment of Gr1+ CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells. PLoS Biology, 13(12), Article e1002330. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002330

During pregnancy, the ETS transcription factor ELF5 establishes the milk-secreting alveolar cell lineage by driving a cell fate decision of the mammary luminal progenitor cell. In breast cancer, ELF5 is a key transcriptional determinant of tumor subt... Read More about ELF5 drives lung metastasis in luminal breast cancer through recruitment of Gr1+ CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

Clinical utility of reverse phase protein array for molecular classification of breast cancer (2015)
Journal Article
Negm, O. H., Muftah, A. A., Aleskandarany, M. A., Hamed, M. R., Ahmad, D. A., Nolan, C. C., …Green, A. R. (2016). Clinical utility of reverse phase protein array for molecular classification of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 155(1), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3654-2

Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) represents a sensitive and high-throughput technique allowing simultaneous quantitation of protein expression levels in biological samples. This study aimed to confirm the ability of RPPA to classify archival formal... Read More about Clinical utility of reverse phase protein array for molecular classification of breast cancer.

Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of RECQL5 helicase expression in breast cancers (2015)
Journal Article
Arora, A., Abdel-Fatah, T. M., Agarwal, D., Doherty, R., Croteau, D. L., Moseley, P. M., …Madhusudan, S. (2016). Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of RECQL5 helicase expression in breast cancers. Carcinogenesis, 37(1), 63-71. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgv163

RECQL5 is a member of the RecQ family of DNA helicases and has key roles in homologous recombination, base excision repair, replication and transcription. The clinicopathological significance of RECQL5 expression in breast cancer is unknown. In this... Read More about Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of RECQL5 helicase expression in breast cancers.

Nottingham Prognostic Index Plus: validation of a clinical decision making tool in breast cancer in an independent series (2015)
Journal Article
Green, A. R., Soria, D., Stephen, J., Powe, D. G., Nolan, C. C., Kunkler, I., …Ellis, I. O. (2016). Nottingham Prognostic Index Plus: validation of a clinical decision making tool in breast cancer in an independent series. Journal of Pathology: Clinical Research, 2, https://doi.org/10.1002/cjp2.32

The Nottingham Prognostic Index Plus (NPI+)is a clinical decision making tool in breast cancer (BC) that aims to provide improved patient outcome stratification superior to the traditional NPI. This study aimed to validate the NPI+ in an independent... Read More about Nottingham Prognostic Index Plus: validation of a clinical decision making tool in breast cancer in an independent series.

Ki67/SATB1 ratio is an independent prognostic factor of overall survival in patients with early hormone receptor-positive invasive ductal breast carcinoma (2015)
Journal Article
Laurinavicius, A., Green, A. R., Laurinaviciene, A., Smailyte, G., Ostapenko, V., Meskauskas, R., & Ellis, I. O. (2015). Ki67/SATB1 ratio is an independent prognostic factor of overall survival in patients with early hormone receptor-positive invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Oncotarget, 6(38), 41134-41145. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.5838

Biological diversity of breast cancer presents challenges for personalized therapy and necessitates multiparametric approaches to understand and manage the disease. Multiple protein biomarkers tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC), followed by digital... Read More about Ki67/SATB1 ratio is an independent prognostic factor of overall survival in patients with early hormone receptor-positive invasive ductal breast carcinoma.

Chk1 phosphorylated at serine345 is a predictor of early local recurrence and radio-resistance in breast cancer (2015)
Journal Article
Alsubhi, N., Middleton, F., Abdel-Fatah, T. M., Stephens, P., Doherty, R., Arora, A., …Madhusudan, S. (2016). Chk1 phosphorylated at serine345 is a predictor of early local recurrence and radio-resistance in breast cancer. Molecular Oncology, 10(2), 213-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molonc.2015.09.009

Radiation?induced DNA damage activates the DNA damage response (DDR). DDR up?regulation may predict radio?resistance and increase the risk of early local recurrence despite radiotherapy in early stage breast cancers. In 1755 early stage breast cancer... Read More about Chk1 phosphorylated at serine345 is a predictor of early local recurrence and radio-resistance in breast cancer.

PKC? attenuates jagged-1-mediated notch signaling in ErbB-2-positive breast cancer to reverse trastuzumab resistance (2015)
Journal Article
Pandya, K., Wyatt, D., Gallagher, B., Shah, D., Baker, A., Bloodworth, J., …Osipo, C. (2016). PKCα attenuates jagged-1-mediated notch signaling in ErbB-2-positive breast cancer to reverse trastuzumab resistance. Clinical Cancer Research, 22(1), 175-186. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-0179

Purpose: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women worldwide. The major problem with current treatments is tumor resistance, recurrence, and disease progression. ErbB-2–positive breast tumors are aggressive and frequen... Read More about PKC? attenuates jagged-1-mediated notch signaling in ErbB-2-positive breast cancer to reverse trastuzumab resistance.

Construction of tissue microarrays from core needle biopsies: a systematic literature review (2015)
Journal Article
Albanghali, M., Green, A., Rakha, E., Aleskandarany, M., Nolan, C., Ellis, I., & Cheung, K. (2016). Construction of tissue microarrays from core needle biopsies: a systematic literature review. Histopathology, 68(3), 323-332. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.12802

In some clinical circumstances, core needle biopsy (CNB) may be the only source of material from cancer tissue for diagnostic use. The volume of tissue available in a CNB is low, and opportunities for research use can therefore be limited. The tissue... Read More about Construction of tissue microarrays from core needle biopsies: a systematic literature review.

HAGE in triple-negative breast cancer is a novel prognostic, predictive, and actionable biomarker: a transcriptomic and protein expression analysis (2015)
Journal Article
Abdel-Fatah, T. M., McArdle, S. E., Agarwal, D., Moseley, P. M., Green, A. R., Ball, G. R., …Chan, S. Y. (2015). HAGE in triple-negative breast cancer is a novel prognostic, predictive, and actionable biomarker: a transcriptomic and protein expression analysis. Clinical Cancer Research, 22(4), 905-914. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-0610

The pioneer factor PBX1 is a novel driver of metastatic progression in ERα-positive breast cancer (2015)
Journal Article
Magnani, L., Patten, D. K., Nguyen, V. T. M., Hong, S., Steel, J. H., Patel, N., …Coombes, C. R. (2015). The pioneer factor PBX1 is a novel driver of metastatic progression in ERα-positive breast cancer. Oncotarget, 6(26), 21878-21891. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.4243

Over 30% of ER? breast cancer patients develop relapses and progress to metastatic disease despite treatment with endocrine therapies. The pioneer factor PBX1 translates epigenetic cues and mediates estrogen induced ER? binding. Here we demonstrate t... Read More about The pioneer factor PBX1 is a novel driver of metastatic progression in ERα-positive breast cancer.

DNA repair prognostic index modelling reveals an essential role for base excision repair in influencing clinical outcomes in ER negative and triple negative breast cancers (2015)
Journal Article
Abdel-Fatah, T. M., Arora, A., Moseley, P. M., Perry, C., Rakha, E. A., Green, A. R., …Madhusudan, S. (2015). DNA repair prognostic index modelling reveals an essential role for base excision repair in influencing clinical outcomes in ER negative and triple negative breast cancers. Oncotarget, 6(26), 21964-21978. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.4157

Stratification of oestrogen receptor (ER) negative and triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) is urgently needed. In the current study, a cohort of 880 ER- (including 635 TNBCs) was immuno-profiled for a panel of DNA repair proteins including: Pol β,... Read More about DNA repair prognostic index modelling reveals an essential role for base excision repair in influencing clinical outcomes in ER negative and triple negative breast cancers.

KPNA2 is a nuclear export protein that contributes to aberrant localisation of key proteins and poor prognosis of breast cancer (2015)
Journal Article
Alshareeda, A., Negm, O., Green, A., Nolan, C., Tighe, P., Albarakati, N., …Rakha, E. (2015). KPNA2 is a nuclear export protein that contributes to aberrant localisation of key proteins and poor prognosis of breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 112(12), 1929–1937. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2015.165

Background: It is recognised that modulations of the nuclear import of macromolecules have a role in changing cellular phenotypes and carcinogenesis. We and others have noticed that aberrant subcellular localisation of DNA damage response (DDR) prote... Read More about KPNA2 is a nuclear export protein that contributes to aberrant localisation of key proteins and poor prognosis of breast cancer.

Markers of progression in early-stage invasive breast cancer: a predictive immunohistochemical panel algorithm for distant recurrence risk stratification (2015)
Journal Article
Aleskandarany, M. A., Soria, D., Green, A. R., Nolan, C., Diez-Rodriguez, M., Ellis, I. O., & Rakha, E. A. (2015). Markers of progression in early-stage invasive breast cancer: a predictive immunohistochemical panel algorithm for distant recurrence risk stratification. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 151(2), 325-333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3406-3

Accurate distant metastasis (DM) prediction is critical for risk stratification and effective treatment decisions in breast cancer (BC). Many prognostic markers/models based on tissue marker studies are continually emerging using conventional statist... Read More about Markers of progression in early-stage invasive breast cancer: a predictive immunohistochemical panel algorithm for distant recurrence risk stratification.

Small molecule inhibition of group I p21-activated kinases in breast cancer induces apoptosis and potentiates the activity of microtubule stabilizing agents (2015)
Journal Article
Ong, C. C., Gierke, S., Pitt, C., Sagolla, M., Cheng, C. K., Zhou, W., …Hoeflich, K. P. (2015). Small molecule inhibition of group I p21-activated kinases in breast cancer induces apoptosis and potentiates the activity of microtubule stabilizing agents. Breast Cancer Research, 17(1), Article 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-015-0564-5

Introduction Breast cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide among women, is a molecularly and clinically heterogeneous disease. Extensive genetic and epigenetic profiling of breast tumors has recently revealed novel puta... Read More about Small molecule inhibition of group I p21-activated kinases in breast cancer induces apoptosis and potentiates the activity of microtubule stabilizing agents.

FKBPL: a marker of good prognosis in breast cancer (2015)
Journal Article
Nelson, L., McKeen, H. D., Ellis, I., Rakha, E., Marshall, A., Mulrane, L., …Robson, T. (2015). FKBPL: a marker of good prognosis in breast cancer. Oncotarget, 6(14), 12209-12223. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.3528

FK506-binding protein-like (FKBPL) has established roles as an anti-tumor protein, with a therapeutic peptide based on this protein, ALM201, shortly entering phase I/II clinical trials. Here, we evaluated FKBPL’s prognostic ability in primary breast... Read More about FKBPL: a marker of good prognosis in breast cancer.

Clinical and biological significance of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in breast cancer (2015)
Journal Article
Abduljabbar, R., Negm, O. H., Lai, C., Jerjees, D. A., Al-Kaabi, M., Hamed, M. R., …Ellis, I. O. (2015). Clinical and biological significance of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 150(2), 335-346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3335-1

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors, which exerts anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic activities. The GR is expressed in a large proportion of breast cancer (BC) although levels... Read More about Clinical and biological significance of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in breast cancer.

AKT and 14-3-3 regulate Notch4 nuclear localization (2015)
Journal Article
Ramakrishnan, G., Davaakhuu, G., Chung, W. C., Zhu, H., Rana, A., Filipovic, A., …Tzivion, G. (2015). AKT and 14-3-3 regulate Notch4 nuclear localization. Scientific Reports, 5(1), Article 8782. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08782

Members of the Notch family of transmembrane receptors, Notch1-4 in mammals, are involved in the regulation of cell fate decisions and cell proliferation in various organisms. The Notch4 isoform, which is specific to mammals, was originally identifie... Read More about AKT and 14-3-3 regulate Notch4 nuclear localization.

The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in breast cancer: the impact of oestrogen receptor and HER2 pathways (2015)
Journal Article
Jerjees, D. A., Negm, O. H., Alabdullah, M. L., Mirza, S., Alkaabi, M., Hameed, M. R., …Rakha, E. A. (2015). The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in breast cancer: the impact of oestrogen receptor and HER2 pathways. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 150(1), 91-103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3308-4

The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a downstream of the PI3K/Akt pathway which affects cancer development. mTORC1 has many downstream signalling effectors that can enhance different cellular responses. This study aims to investiga... Read More about The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in breast cancer: the impact of oestrogen receptor and HER2 pathways.

DNA damage response markers are differentially expressed in BRCA-mutated breast cancers (2015)
Journal Article
Aleskandarany, M., Caracappa, D., Nolan, C. C., Macmillan, R. D., Ellis, I. O., Rakha, E. A., & Green, A. R. (2015). DNA damage response markers are differentially expressed in BRCA-mutated breast cancers. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 150(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3306-6

Cells have stringent DNA repair pathways that are specific for each different set of DNA lesions which is accomplished through the integration of complex array of proteins. However, BRCA-mutated breast cancer (BC) has defective DNA repair mechanisms.... Read More about DNA damage response markers are differentially expressed in BRCA-mutated breast cancers.