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GP access to FIT increases the proportion of colorectal cancers detected on urgent pathways in symptomatic patients in Nottingham (2020)
Journal Article
Bailey, J., Khawaja, A., Andrews, H., Weller, J., Chapman, C., Morling, J., Oliver, S., Castle, S., Simpson, J., Humes, D., & Banerjea, A. (2021). GP access to FIT increases the proportion of colorectal cancers detected on urgent pathways in symptomatic patients in Nottingham. The Surgeon, 19(2), 93-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2020.03.002

Objective
Service evaluation of GP access to Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection in Nottinghamshire and use of FIT for “rule out”, “rule in” and “first test selection”.

Design
Retrospective audit of FIT results... Read More about GP access to FIT increases the proportion of colorectal cancers detected on urgent pathways in symptomatic patients in Nottingham.

Incidence, prevalence and mortality of autoimmune hepatitis in England 1997-2015. A population-based cohort study (2020)
Journal Article
Grønbæk, L., Otete, H., Ban, L., Crooks, C., Card, T., Jepsen, P., & West, J. (2020). Incidence, prevalence and mortality of autoimmune hepatitis in England 1997-2015. A population-based cohort study. Liver International, 40(7), 1634-1644. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14480

© 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Background & Aims: There are few population-based studies of the incidence and mortality of autoimmune hepatitis. The burden of the disease and how it has changed over time have not... Read More about Incidence, prevalence and mortality of autoimmune hepatitis in England 1997-2015. A population-based cohort study.

Perioperative nutrition: Recommendations from the ESPEN expert group (2020)
Journal Article
Lobo, D. N., Gianotti, L., Adiamah, A., Barazzoni, R., Deutz, N., Dhatariya, K., Greenhaff, P. L., Hiesmayr, M., Jakobsen, D., Klek, S., Krznaric, Z., Ljungqvist, O., McMillan, D., Rollins, K., Sekeljic, M., Skipworth, R., Stanga, Z., Stockley, A., Stockley, R., & Weimann, A. (2020). Perioperative nutrition: Recommendations from the ESPEN expert group. Clinical Nutrition, 39(11), 3211-3227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.038

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Background & aims: Malnutrition has been recognized as a major risk factor for adverse postoperative outcomes. The ESPEN Symposium on perioperative nutrition was held in N... Read More about Perioperative nutrition: Recommendations from the ESPEN expert group.

Accurate non-invasive diagnosis and staging of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using the urinary steroid metabolome (2020)
Journal Article
Moolla, A., de Boer, J., Pavlov, D., Amin, A., Taylor, A., Gilligan, L., Hughes, B., Ryan, J., Barnes, E., Hassan-Smith, Z., Grove, J., Aithal, G. P., Verrijken, A., Francque, S., Van Gaal, L., Armstrong, M. J., Newsome, P. N., Cobbold, J. F., Arlt, W., Biehl, M., & Tomlinson, J. W. (2020). Accurate non-invasive diagnosis and staging of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using the urinary steroid metabolome. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 51(11), 1188-1197. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15710

Background: The development of accurate, non-invasive markers to diagnose and stage non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is critical to reduce the need for an invasive liver biopsy and to identify patients who are at the highest risk of hepatic... Read More about Accurate non-invasive diagnosis and staging of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using the urinary steroid metabolome.

Genome-wide association study of non-alcoholic fatty liver and steatohepatitis in a histologically-characterised cohort (2020)
Journal Article
Anstee, Q. M., Darlay, R., Cockell, S., Meroni, M., Govaere, O., Tiniakos, D., Burt, A. D., Bedossa, P., Palmer, J., Liu, Y.-L., Aithal, G. P., Allison, M., Yki-Järvinen, H., Vacca, M., Dufour, J.-F., Invernizzi, P., Prati, D., Ekstedt, M., Kechagias, S., Francque, S., …Daly, A. K. (2020). Genome-wide association study of non-alcoholic fatty liver and steatohepatitis in a histologically-characterised cohort. Journal of Hepatology, 73(3), 505-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.003

Background and Aims

Genetic factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain incompletely understood. To date, most GWAS studies have adopted radiologically assessed hepatic triglyceride content as reference phenotype and s... Read More about Genome-wide association study of non-alcoholic fatty liver and steatohepatitis in a histologically-characterised cohort.

HLA-B*14:01 and HLA-B*35:01 are associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole induced liver injury (2020)
Journal Article
Li, Y.-J., Phillips, E., Dellinger, A., Nicoletti, P., Schutte, R., Li, D., Ostrov, D. A., Fontana, R. J., Watkins, P. B., Stolz, A., Daly, A. K., Aithal, G. P., Barnhart, H., Chalasani, N., & Drug‐induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN). (2021). HLA-B*14:01 and HLA-B*35:01 are associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole induced liver injury. Hepatology, 73(1), 268-281. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.31258

Background and Aim
Trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP‐SMX) is an important cause of idiosyncratic drug induced liver injury (DILI), but its genetic risk factors are not well understood. We investigated the relationship between variants in the HLA C... Read More about HLA-B*14:01 and HLA-B*35:01 are associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole induced liver injury.

Volixibat in adults with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: 24-week interim analysis from a randomized, phase II study (2020)
Journal Article
Newsome, P. N., Palmer, M., Freilich, B., Sheikh, M. Y., Sheikh, A., Sarles, H., Herring, R., Mantry, P., Kayali, Z., Hassanein, T., Lee, H.-M., & Aithal, G. P. (2020). Volixibat in adults with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: 24-week interim analysis from a randomized, phase II study. Journal of Hepatology, 73(2), 231-240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.03.024

Background & Aims:
Volixibat is an inhibitor of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT), hypothesized to treat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by blocking bile acid reuptake and stimulating hepatic bile acid production.
Method... Read More about Volixibat in adults with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: 24-week interim analysis from a randomized, phase II study.

Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy (2020)
Journal Article
Khalaf, A., Hoad, C. L., Blackshaw, E., Alyami, J., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., Vinayaka-Moorthy, V., Perkins, A. C., Moran, G. W., & Marciani, L. (2020). Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy. Diagnostics, 10(3), Article 170. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10030170

Measurement of gastric emptying is of clinical value for a range of conditions. Gamma scintigraphy (GS) has an established role, but the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently increased. Previous comparison studies between MRI and GS sh... Read More about Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy.

A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids (2020)
Journal Article
Stamatopoulos, K., Pathak, S., Marciani, L., & Turner, D. (2020). A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids. Molecular Pharmaceutics, 17(4), 1310-1323. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00019

In vivo studies have shown cyclic bile salt (BS) outputs during fasting whereas higher amounts have been observed in fed states. This leads to fluctuations of intestinal BS concentrations ([BS]) that can affect the rate and extent of absorption of li... Read More about A Population-based PBPK Model for the Prediction of Time-Variant Bile Salt Disposition within GI Luminal Fluids.

Manometric demonstration of duodenal/jejunal motor function consistent with the duodenal brake mechanism (2020)
Journal Article
Dent, J., Dinning, P., Corsetti, M., Rommel, N., Tack, J., Wiklendt, L., Papageorgiou, A. W., Arkwright, J. W., & Deloose, E. (2020). Manometric demonstration of duodenal/jejunal motor function consistent with the duodenal brake mechanism. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 32(10), Article e13835. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13835

© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Background: High-resolution manometric studies below the stomach are rare due to technical limitations of traditional manometry catheters. Consequently, specific motor patterns and their impact on gastric and small bowe... Read More about Manometric demonstration of duodenal/jejunal motor function consistent with the duodenal brake mechanism.

L-carnitine supplementation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Thiagarajan, P., Chalmers, J., Ban, L., Grindlay, D., & Aithal, G. P. (2020). L-carnitine supplementation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World Journal of Meta-Analysis, 8(1), 4-14. https://doi.org/10.13105/wjma.v8.i1.4

BACKGROUND
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) dominates the landscape of modern hepatology. Affecting 25% of the general population, there is critical unmet need to identify broadly available, safe and cost-effective treatments. Cumulative ev... Read More about L-carnitine supplementation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The impact of peri-operative intravenous lidocaine on postoperative outcome after elective colorectal surgery: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (2020)
Journal Article
Rollins, K. E., Javanmard-Emamghissi, H., Scott, M. J., & Lobo, D. N. (2020). The impact of peri-operative intravenous lidocaine on postoperative outcome after elective colorectal surgery: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 37(8), 659-670. https://doi.org/10.1097/eja.0000000000001165

BACKGROUND
There has recently been increasing interest in the use of peri-operative intravenous lidocaine (IVL) due to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and opioid-sparing effects. However, these potential benefits are not well established in electi... Read More about The impact of peri-operative intravenous lidocaine on postoperative outcome after elective colorectal surgery: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

HLA associations with infliximab-induced liver injury (2020)
Journal Article
Bruno, C. D., Fremd, B., Church, R. J., Daly, A. K., Aithal, G. P., Bjornsson, E. S., Larrey, D., Watkins, P. B., & Chow, C. R. (2020). HLA associations with infliximab-induced liver injury. Pharmacogenomics Journal, 20, 681–686. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41397-020-0159-0

Biomarkers that are able to identify patients at risk of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) after treatment with infliximab could be important in increasing the safety of infliximab use. We performed a genetic analysis to identify possible human leukoc... Read More about HLA associations with infliximab-induced liver injury.

Setting the agenda for social science research on the human microbiome (2020)
Journal Article
Greenhough, B., Read, C. J., Lorimer, J., Lezaun, J., McLeod, C., Benezra, A., Bloomfield, S., Brown, T., Clinch, M., D’Acquisto, F., Dumitriu, A., Evans, J., Fawcett, N., Fortané, N., Hall, L. J., Giraldo Herrera, C. E., Hodgetts, T., Johnson, K. V.-A., Kirchhelle, C., Krzywoszynska, A., …Wills, J. (2020). Setting the agenda for social science research on the human microbiome. Palgrave Communications, 6(2020), Article 18

The human microbiome is an important emergent area of cross, multi and transdisciplinary study. The complexity of this topic leads to conflicting narratives and regulatory challenges. It raises questions about the benefits of its commercialisation an... Read More about Setting the agenda for social science research on the human microbiome.

The Evaluation and Use of a Food Frequency Questionnaire Among the Population in Trivandrum, South Kerala, India (2020)
Journal Article
Vijay, A., Mohan, L., Taylor, M. A., Grove, J. I., Valdes, A. M., Aithal, G. P., & Shenoy, K. T. (2020). The Evaluation and Use of a Food Frequency Questionnaire Among the Population in Trivandrum, South Kerala, India. Nutrients, 12(2), Article 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020383

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Dietary record tools such as food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and food diaries (FD) are the most commonly used choices for assessing dietary intakes in most large-scale epidemiological studi... Read More about The Evaluation and Use of a Food Frequency Questionnaire Among the Population in Trivandrum, South Kerala, India.

Systematic review: the impact of inflammatory bowel disease-related fatigue on health-related quality of life (2020)
Journal Article
Radford, S. J., McGing, J., Czuber-Dochan, W., & Moran, G. (2021). Systematic review: the impact of inflammatory bowel disease-related fatigue on health-related quality of life. Frontline Gastroenterology, 12(1), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2019-101355

Background: Fatigue is frequently reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and impacts on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). HRQoL has not been systematically reviewed in IBD fatigue.

Aim: To investigate what impact IBD fatigue has on HR... Read More about Systematic review: the impact of inflammatory bowel disease-related fatigue on health-related quality of life.

ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in acute and chronic pancreatitis (2020)
Journal Article
Arvanitakis, M., Ockenga, J., Bezmarevic, M., Gianotti, L., Krznarić, Ž., Lobo, D. N., Löser, C., Madl, C., Meier, R., Phillips, M., Rasmussen, H. H., Van Hooft, J., & Bischoff, S. (2020). ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in acute and chronic pancreatitis. Clinical Nutrition, 39(3), 612-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.01.004

Both acute and chronic pancreatitis are frequent diseases of the pancreas, which, despite being of benign nature, are related to a significant risk of malnutrition and may require nutritional support. Acute necrotizing pancreatitis is encountered in... Read More about ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in acute and chronic pancreatitis.

Use of rapid reading software to reduce capsule endoscopy reading times while maintaining accuracy (2020)
Journal Article
Beg, S., Wronska, E., Araujo, I., González Suárez, B., Ivanova, E., Fedorov, E., Aabakken, L., Seitz, U., Rey, J.-F., Saurin, J.-C., Tari, R., Card, T., & Ragunath, K. (2020). Use of rapid reading software to reduce capsule endoscopy reading times while maintaining accuracy. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 91(6), 1322-1327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.01.026


Backgrounds and aims: A typical capsule endoscopy (CE) case generates tens of thousands of images, with abnormalities often confined to a just few frames. Omni Mode is a novel EndoCapsule software algorithm (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) that proposes to... Read More about Use of rapid reading software to reduce capsule endoscopy reading times while maintaining accuracy.