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All Outputs (39)

Characterisation of luminal and triple-negative breast cancer with HER2 Low protein expression (2023)
Journal Article
Atallah, N. M., Haque, M., Quinn, C., Toss, M. S., Makhlouf, S., Ibrahim, A., …Rakha, E. (2023). Characterisation of luminal and triple-negative breast cancer with HER2 Low protein expression. European Journal of Cancer, 195, Article 113371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113371

Background: Breast cancer (BC) expressing low levels of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 Low) is an emerging category that needs further refining. This study aims to provide a comprehensive clinico-pathological and molecular profile of... Read More about Characterisation of luminal and triple-negative breast cancer with HER2 Low protein expression.

Characteristics and prognostic significance of polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) expression in breast cancer (2023)
Journal Article
Lashen, A. G., Toss, M. S., Wootton, L., Green, A. R., Mongan, N. P., Madhusudan, S., & Rakha, E. (2023). Characteristics and prognostic significance of polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) expression in breast cancer. Histopathology, 83(3), 414-425. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14960

Background: Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression,and it is considered a potential therapeutic target in many cancers. Although the role of PLK1 is well established in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) as an onco... Read More about Characteristics and prognostic significance of polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) expression in breast cancer.

The clinical value of progesterone receptor expression in luminal breast cancer: A study of a large cohort with long-term follow-up (2023)
Journal Article
Lashen, A. G., Toss, M. S., Mongan, N. P., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2023). The clinical value of progesterone receptor expression in luminal breast cancer: A study of a large cohort with long-term follow-up. Cancer, 129(8), 1183-1194. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34655

Background: The routine assessment of progesterone receptor (PR) expression in breast cancer (BC) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the role of PR expression in luminal BC, with emphasis on the definition of positivity and its progn... Read More about The clinical value of progesterone receptor expression in luminal breast cancer: A study of a large cohort with long-term follow-up.

Clinical and molecular significance of the RNA m6A methyltransferase complex in prostate cancer (2023)
Journal Article
Lothion-Roy, J., Haigh, D. B., Harris, A. E., Metzler, V. M., Alsaleem, M., Toss, M. S., …Woodcock, C. L. (2023). Clinical and molecular significance of the RNA m6A methyltransferase complex in prostate cancer. Frontiers in Genetics, 13, Article 1096071. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.1096071

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal mRNA modification and is dynamically regulated through distinct protein complexes that methylate, demethylate, and/or interpret the m6A modification. These proteins, and the m6A modification, are... Read More about Clinical and molecular significance of the RNA m6A methyltransferase complex in prostate cancer.

Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y. A., Joseph, C., Alsaleem, M. A., Elsharawy, K. A., Alsaeed, S., Toss, M. S., …Rakha, E. A. (2022). Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer. Cancers, 14(22), Article 5643. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225643

Background: Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) plays a role in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involving cell division, cancer cell migration and apoptosis. This study aims to assess the prognostic and biologica... Read More about Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer.

Defining invasion in breast cancer: the role of basement membrane (2022)
Journal Article
Ghannam, S. F., Rutland, C. S., Allegrucci, C., Mongan, N. P., & Rakha, E. (2022). Defining invasion in breast cancer: the role of basement membrane. Journal of Clinical Pathology, https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp-2022-208584

Basement membrane (BM) is an amorphous, sheet-like structure separating the epithelium from the stroma. BM is characterised by a complex structure comprising collagenous and non-collagenous proteoglycans and glycoproteins. In the breast, the thicknes... Read More about Defining invasion in breast cancer: the role of basement membrane.

Exploring anti-androgen therapies in hormone dependent prostate cancer and new therapeutic routes for castration resistant prostate cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Harris, A. E., Metzler, V. M., Lothion-Roy, J., Varun, D., Woodcock, C. L., Haigh, D. B., …Jeyapalan, J. N. (2022). Exploring anti-androgen therapies in hormone dependent prostate cancer and new therapeutic routes for castration resistant prostate cancer. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, Article 1006101. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1006101

Androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs) are important treatments which inhibit androgen-induced prostate cancer (PCa) progression by either preventing androgen biosynthesis (e.g. abiraterone) or by antagonizing androgen receptor (AR) function (e.g. bic... Read More about Exploring anti-androgen therapies in hormone dependent prostate cancer and new therapeutic routes for castration resistant prostate cancer.

The METTL3 RNA Methyltransferase Regulates Transcriptional Networks in Prostate Cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Haigh, D. B., Woodcock, C. L., Lothion-Roy, J., Harris, A. E., Metzler, V. M., Persson, J. L., …Mongan, N. P. (2022). The METTL3 RNA Methyltransferase Regulates Transcriptional Networks in Prostate Cancer. Cancers, 14(20), Article 5148. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14205148

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths and is driven by aberrant androgen receptor (AR) signalling. For this reason, androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs) that suppress androgen-induced PCa progression either by preventing... Read More about The METTL3 RNA Methyltransferase Regulates Transcriptional Networks in Prostate Cancer.

Ki67 assessment in invasive luminal breast cancer: a comparative study between different scoring methods (2022)
Journal Article
Lashen, A., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., Mongan, N. P., & Rakha, E. (2022). Ki67 assessment in invasive luminal breast cancer: a comparative study between different scoring methods. Histopathology, 81(6), 786-798. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14781

Background: Ki67 reflects the proliferation activity in breast cancer (BC). However, an optimal method for its assessment in clinical settings has yet to be robustly defined. In this study, we compared several methods to score Ki67 to identify a reli... Read More about Ki67 assessment in invasive luminal breast cancer: a comparative study between different scoring methods.

Refining the definition of HER2-low class in invasive breast cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Atallah, N. M., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., Mongan, N. P., Ball, G., & Rakha, E. A. (2022). Refining the definition of HER2-low class in invasive breast cancer. Histopathology, 81(6), 770-785. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14780

Background: Emerging evidence indicates that breast cancer (BC) patients whose tumours express HER2 protein without HER2 gene amplification (HER2-low), can benefit from antibody–drug conjugates (ADC). However, the current definition of HER2-low BC re... Read More about Refining the definition of HER2-low class in invasive breast cancer.

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors enhance chemotherapy in preclinical models of esophageal adenocarcinoma by targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts (2022)
Journal Article
Sharpe, B. P., Hayden, A., Manousopoulou, A., Cowie, A., Walker, R. C., Harrington, J., …Underwood, T. J. (2022). Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors enhance chemotherapy in preclinical models of esophageal adenocarcinoma by targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cell Reports Medicine, 3(6), Article 100541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100541

The chemotherapy resistance of esophageal adenocarcinomas (EACs) is underpinned by cancer cell extrinsic mechanisms of the tumor microenvironment (TME). We demonstrate that, by targeting the tumor-promoting functions of the predominant TME cell type,... Read More about Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors enhance chemotherapy in preclinical models of esophageal adenocarcinoma by targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts.

The characteristics and clinical significance of atypical mitosis in breast cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Lashen, A., Toss, M. S., Alsaleem, M., Green, A. R., Mongan, N. P., & Rakha, E. (2022). The characteristics and clinical significance of atypical mitosis in breast cancer. Modern Pathology, 35, 1341-1348. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-022-01080-0

Atypical mitosis is considered a feature of malignancy, however, its significance in breast cancer (BC) remains elusive. Here, we aimed to assess the clinical value of atypical mitoses in BC and to explore their underlying molecular features. Atypica... Read More about The characteristics and clinical significance of atypical mitosis in breast cancer.

Association of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) with the immune system and prognosis in invasive breast cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Kurozumi, S., Kaira, K., Matsumoto, H., Kurosumi, M., Yokobori, T., Kanai, Y., …Horiguchi, J. (2022). Association of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) with the immune system and prognosis in invasive breast cancer. Scientific Reports, 12(1), Article 2742. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06615-8

L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), also referred to as SLC7A5, is believed to regulate tumor metabolism and be associated with tumor proliferation. In invasive breast cancer, we clinicopathologically investigated the utility of LAT1 expression.... Read More about Association of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) with the immune system and prognosis in invasive breast cancer.

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is a poor prognostic biomarker in invasive breast cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y., Toss, M. S., Alsaleem, M., Elsharawy, K. A., Joseph, C., Mongan, N. P., …Rakha, E. A. (2022). Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is a poor prognostic biomarker in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 192(3), 529-539. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-022-06531-5

Background The Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is essential for the ubiquitin–proteasome system and is involved in cancer cell migration and apoptosis. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of UBE2C in invasive breast cancer (BC... Read More about Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is a poor prognostic biomarker in invasive breast cancer.

Untangling the clinicopathological significance of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in sporadic breast cancers (2021)
Journal Article
Alblihy, A., Shoqafi, A., Toss, M. S., Algethami, M., Harris, A. E., Jeyapalan, J. N., …Madhusudan, S. (2021). Untangling the clinicopathological significance of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in sporadic breast cancers. npj Breast Cancer, 7(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41523-021-00350-5

The MRE11–RAD50–NBS1 (MRN) complex is critical for genomic stability. Although germline mutations in MRN may increase breast cancer susceptibility, such mutations are extremely rare. Here, we have conducted a comprehensive clinicopathological study o... Read More about Untangling the clinicopathological significance of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in sporadic breast cancers.

Assessment of proliferation in breast cancer: cell cycle or mitosis? An observational study (2021)
Journal Article
Lashen, A. G., Toss, M. S., Katayama, A., Gogna, R., Mongan, N. P., & Rakha, E. A. (2021). Assessment of proliferation in breast cancer: cell cycle or mitosis? An observational study. Histopathology, 79(6), 1087-1098. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14542

Background and aims: Proliferation is an important indicator of breast cancer (BC) prognosis, but is assessed using different approaches. Not all cells in the cell cycle are committed to division. This study aimed to characterise quantitative differe... Read More about Assessment of proliferation in breast cancer: cell cycle or mitosis? An observational study.

Ligase 1 is a predictor of platinum resistance and its blockade is synthetically lethal in XRCC1 deficient epithelial ovarian cancers (2021)
Journal Article
Ali, R., Alabdullah, M., Algethami, M., Alblihy, A., Miligy, I., Shoqafi, A., …Madhusudan, S. (2021). Ligase 1 is a predictor of platinum resistance and its blockade is synthetically lethal in XRCC1 deficient epithelial ovarian cancers. Theranostics, 11(17), 8350-8361. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.51456

Rationale: The human ligases (LIG1, LIG3 and LIG4) are essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity by catalysing the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent 5'-phosphoryl and 3'-hydroxyl termini at single and double strand breaks in... Read More about Ligase 1 is a predictor of platinum resistance and its blockade is synthetically lethal in XRCC1 deficient epithelial ovarian cancers.

Prognostic significance of heat shock protein 90AA1 (HSP90?) in invasive breast cancer (2021)
Journal Article
Alsaeed, S. A., Toss, M., Alsaleem, M., Aleskandarany, M., Joseph, C., Kurozumi, S., …Rakha, E. (2022). Prognostic significance of heat shock protein 90AA1 (HSP90α) in invasive breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 75(4), 263-269. https://doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2020-207106

Aims: The mechanisms that drive breast cancer (BC) progression and poor outcome are not fully understood. The human heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1 (HSP90?) encoded by the HSP90 'A1 gene has a vital role in cellular responses to s... Read More about Prognostic significance of heat shock protein 90AA1 (HSP90?) in invasive breast cancer.