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All Outputs (960)

Influenza vaccines really work? Keeping apart the true from the false (2015)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J., Gross, D., Sturkenboom, M., & Parrish-Sprowl, J. (2015). Influenza vaccines really work? Keeping apart the true from the false. Vaccine, 33(49), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.052

A yearly seasonal flu vaccine is the best preventive method we have against influenza at this time. Even then, vaccination adoption is hampered by on-going discussions about safety and effectiveness. In order to dot the I's and cross the T's at the f... Read More about Influenza vaccines really work? Keeping apart the true from the false.

Evaluation of the ‘Live Life Better Service’, a community-based weight management service, for morbidly obese patients (2015)
Journal Article
Wallace, D., Myles, P., Holt, R., & Van-Tam, J. N. (2016). Evaluation of the ‘Live Life Better Service’, a community-based weight management service, for morbidly obese patients. Journal of Public Health, 38(2), e138-e149. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdv103

Background There is a limited evidence on the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in achieving and maintaining a significant level of weight loss in morbidly obese patients. This study evaluated the impact on weight loss and psychological wel... Read More about Evaluation of the ‘Live Life Better Service’, a community-based weight management service, for morbidly obese patients.

Patients' attitudes to risk in lung cancer surgery: a qualitative study (2015)
Journal Article
Powell, H. A., Jones, L. L., Baldwin, D. R., Duffy, J. P., Hubbard, R. B., Tod, A. M., …Bains, M. (2015). Patients' attitudes to risk in lung cancer surgery: a qualitative study. Lung Cancer, 90(2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.08.014

Objectives Lung cancer surgery leads to long term survival for some patients but little is known about how patients decide whether to accept the associated surgical risks. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore patients’ attitudes to... Read More about Patients' attitudes to risk in lung cancer surgery: a qualitative study.

Treating tobacco dependence in older adults: a survey of primary care clinicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice (2015)
Journal Article
Huddlestone, L., Walker, G. M., Hussain-Mills, R., & Ratschen, E. (2015). Treating tobacco dependence in older adults: a survey of primary care clinicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice. BMC Family Practice, 16, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-015-0317-7

BACKGROUND: The benefits of smoking cessation among older people are well documented. Despite this, evidence suggests that older smokers are rarely engaged in smoking cessation efforts, and that existing tobacco dependence treatments require further... Read More about Treating tobacco dependence in older adults: a survey of primary care clinicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice.

Decreased fertility rates in 9639 women diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease: a United Kingdom population-based cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
Ban, L., Tata, L. J., Humes, D., Fiaschi, L., & Card, T. R. (2015). Decreased fertility rates in 9639 women diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease: a United Kingdom population-based cohort study. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 42(7), https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13354

Background: Clinical studies have reported reduced fertility in women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim: To compare fertility rates in women with IBD to those in women without IBD and assess whether the relative fertility differed followi... Read More about Decreased fertility rates in 9639 women diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease: a United Kingdom population-based cohort study.

Changes in the rate of nicotine metabolism across pregnancy: a longitudinal study (2015)
Journal Article
Bowker, K., Lewis, S., Coleman, T., & Cooper, S. (2015). Changes in the rate of nicotine metabolism across pregnancy: a longitudinal study. Addiction, 110(11), https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13029

Aims: Increased nicotine metabolism during pregnancy could explain why nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) appears to be less effective on smoking cessation in pregnancy than in non-pregnant smokers, but little is known about nicotine metabolism acros... Read More about Changes in the rate of nicotine metabolism across pregnancy: a longitudinal study.

Health-care interventions to promote and assist tobacco cessation: a review of efficacy, effectiveness and affordability for use in national guideline development (2015)
Journal Article
West, R., Raw, M., McNeill, A., Stead, L., Aveyard, P., Britton, J., …Borland, R. (2015). Health-care interventions to promote and assist tobacco cessation: a review of efficacy, effectiveness and affordability for use in national guideline development. Addiction, 110(9), https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12998

Aims: This paper provides a concise review of the efficacy, effectiveness and affordability of health-care interventions to promote and assist tobacco cessation, in order to inform national guideline development and assist countries in planning their... Read More about Health-care interventions to promote and assist tobacco cessation: a review of efficacy, effectiveness and affordability for use in national guideline development.

Systematic review of current efforts to quantify the impacts of climate change on undernutrition (2015)
Journal Article
Phalkey, R. K., Aranda-Jan, C., Marx, S., Höfle, B., & Sauerborn, R. (in press). Systematic review of current efforts to quantify the impacts of climate change on undernutrition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(33), Article E4522-E4529. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1409769112

The World Health Organization and the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change propose undernutrition as the most significant impact of climate change on child health. The question then arises: Where does the empirical evidence to back this claim c... Read More about Systematic review of current efforts to quantify the impacts of climate change on undernutrition.

Familial Aggregation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Coaggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Valdes, A. M., See, L., Luo, S., Yu, K., …Doherty, M. (2015). Familial Aggregation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Coaggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families. JAMA Internal Medicine, 175(9), 1518-1526. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.3528

IMPORTANCE: Relatives of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) appear to be at higher risk of SLE and other autoimmune diseases, but estimates of individual familial risks are largely unavailable or unreliable. Furthermore, relative contri... Read More about Familial Aggregation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Coaggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families.

Causes of death in people with liver cirrhosis in England compared to the general population: a population-based cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
Ratib, S., Fleming, K. M., Crooks, C. J., Walker, A. J., & West, J. (2015). Causes of death in people with liver cirrhosis in England compared to the general population: a population-based cohort study. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 110, https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.191

Introduction Liver cirrhosis is increasing worldwide and associated with high mortality. Precise estimates of cause-specific mortality compared to the general population, by underlying aetiology, are lacking. Such information may demonstrate areas w... Read More about Causes of death in people with liver cirrhosis in England compared to the general population: a population-based cohort study.

Effect of early and current Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of anaemia in 6.5-year-old Ethiopian children (2015)
Journal Article
Taye, B., Enquselassie, F., Tsegaye, A., Amberbir, A., Medhin, G., Fogarty, A. W., …Davey, G. (2015). Effect of early and current Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of anaemia in 6.5-year-old Ethiopian children. BMC Infectious Diseases, 15(1), Article 270. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-1012-y

Background Epidemiological and clinical studies in high income countries have suggested that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) may cause anaemia, but evidence is lacking from low income countries.We examined associations between H. pylori infection... Read More about Effect of early and current Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of anaemia in 6.5-year-old Ethiopian children.

Effect of allopurinol on all-cause mortality in adults with incident gout: propensity score–matched landmark analysis (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Mallen, C., Zhang, W., & Doherty, M. (2015). Effect of allopurinol on all-cause mortality in adults with incident gout: propensity score–matched landmark analysis. Rheumatology, 54(12), https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kev246

Objective: To examine the association between allopurinol use and all-cause mortality for patients with incident gout. Methods: We compared all-cause mortality in incident gout patients who received allopurinol for at least 6 months within the exp... Read More about Effect of allopurinol on all-cause mortality in adults with incident gout: propensity score–matched landmark analysis.

Causes of death in people with coeliac disease in England compared with the general population: a competing risk analysis (2015)
Journal Article
Abdul Sultan, A., Crooks, C. J., Card, T. R., Tata, L. J., Fleming, K. M., & West, J. (2015). Causes of death in people with coeliac disease in England compared with the general population: a competing risk analysis. Gut, 64(8), https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308285

INTRODUCTION: Quantifying excess cause-specific mortality among people with coeliac disease (CD) compared with the general population accounting for competing risks will allow accurate information to be given on risk of death from specific causes.... Read More about Causes of death in people with coeliac disease in England compared with the general population: a competing risk analysis.

Global epidemiology of gout: prevalence, incidence and risk factors (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Zhang, W., & Doherty, M. (2015). Global epidemiology of gout: prevalence, incidence and risk factors. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 11(11), 649-662. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrrheum.2015.91

Gout is a crystal-deposition disease that results from chronic elevation of uric acid levels above the saturation point for monosodium urate (MSU) crystal formation. Initial presentation is mainly severely painful episodes of peripheral joint synovit... Read More about Global epidemiology of gout: prevalence, incidence and risk factors.

Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
Ban, L., Fleming, K. M., Doyle, P., Smeeth, L., Hubbard, R. B., Fiaschi, L., & Tata, L. J. (2015). Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE, 10(7), Article 131130. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131130

BACKGROUND: Antenatal antiepileptic drug (AED) use has been found to be associated with increased major congenital anomaly (CA) risks. However whether such AED-associated risks were different according to periconceptional high dose (5mg daily) folic... Read More about Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study.

Economic evaluations of tobacco control mass media campaigns: a systematic review (2015)
Journal Article
Atusingwize, E., Lewis, S., & Langley, T. (2015). Economic evaluations of tobacco control mass media campaigns: a systematic review. Tobacco Control, 24(4), https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051579

BACKGROUND: International evidence shows that mass media campaigns are effective tobacco control interventions. However, they require substantial investment; a key question is whether their costs are justified by their benefits. The aim of this study... Read More about Economic evaluations of tobacco control mass media campaigns: a systematic review.

Identification of incident poisoning, fracture and burn events using linked primary care, secondary care, and mortality data from England: implications for research and surveillance (2015)
Journal Article
Baker, R., Tata, L. J., Kendrick, D., & Orton, E. (2015). Identification of incident poisoning, fracture and burn events using linked primary care, secondary care, and mortality data from England: implications for research and surveillance. Injury Prevention, https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041561

Background: English national injury data collection systems are restricted to hospitalisations and deaths. With recent linkage of a large primary care database, the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), with secondary care and mortality data we... Read More about Identification of incident poisoning, fracture and burn events using linked primary care, secondary care, and mortality data from England: implications for research and surveillance.

Familial risk of Sjögren's syndrome and co-aggregation of autoimmune diseases in affected families: a nationwide population study (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Valdes, A. M., See, L., Luo, S., Yu, K., …Doherty, M. (2015). Familial risk of Sjögren's syndrome and co-aggregation of autoimmune diseases in affected families: a nationwide population study. Arthritis and Rheumatology, 67(7), 1904-1912. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.39127

Objective: To investigate familial aggregation of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and the relative risks (RRs) of other autoimmune disease in relatives of patients with SS. Methods: We identified 23,658,577 beneficiaries enrolled in the Taiwan National Hea... Read More about Familial risk of Sjögren's syndrome and co-aggregation of autoimmune diseases in affected families: a nationwide population study.