All Outputs (446)

Planned delivery or expectant management for late preterm pre-eclampsia: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (PHOENIX trial) (2019)
Journal Article
Chappell, L. C., Green, M., Marlow, N., Sandall, J., Hunter, R., Robson, S., Bowler, U., Chiocchia, V., Hardy, P., Juszczak, E., Linsell, L., Placzek, A., Brocklehurst, P., & Shennan, A. (2019). Planned delivery or expectant management for late preterm pre-eclampsia: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (PHOENIX trial). Trials, 20(1), Article 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-3150-1

Background: Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy disorder, characterised by hypertension and multisystem complications in the mother. The adverse outcomes of pre-eclampsia include severe hypertension, stroke, renal and hepatic injury, haemorrhage, fetal grow... Read More about Planned delivery or expectant management for late preterm pre-eclampsia: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (PHOENIX trial).

Clinical utility of existing and second-generation interferon-γ release assays for diagnostic evaluation of tuberculosis: an observational cohort study (2019)
Journal Article
Whitworth, H. S., Badhan, A., Boakye, A. A., Takwoingi, Y., Rees-Roberts, M., Partlett, C., Lambie, H., Innes, J., Cooke, G., Lipman, M., Conlon, C., Macallan, D., Chua, F., Post, F. A., Wiselka, M., Woltmann, G., Deeks, J. J., Kon, O. M., Lalvani, A., Abdoyeku, D., …Menzies, S. (2019). Clinical utility of existing and second-generation interferon-γ release assays for diagnostic evaluation of tuberculosis: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infectious Diseases, 19(2), 193-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099%2818%2930613-3

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Background: The clinical utility of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) for diagnosis of active tuberculosis is unclear, although they are commonly used in countries with a low incidence of tuberculosis. We aimed to resolve this c... Read More about Clinical utility of existing and second-generation interferon-γ release assays for diagnostic evaluation of tuberculosis: an observational cohort study.

Forgiving While Resenting: Justifying Elective Forgiveness (2018)
Journal Article
Roadevin, C. (2018). Forgiving While Resenting: Justifying Elective Forgiveness. Ethical Perspectives, 25(2), 257-284. https://doi.org/10.2143/EP.25.2.3284947

Philosophers have proposed accounts of forgiveness in which the victim is warranted in forgiving only if the wrongdoer makes amends for the wrong done. According to such an account, forgiveness is made rational by the wrongdoer apologizing. But this... Read More about Forgiving While Resenting: Justifying Elective Forgiveness.

Enteral lactoferrin to prevent infection for very preterm infants: the ELFIN RCT (2018)
Journal Article
Griffiths, J., Jenkins, P., Vargova, M., Bowler, U., Juszczak, E., King, A., Linsell, L., Murray, D., Partlett, C., Patel, M., Berrington, J., Embleton, N., Dorling, J., Heath, P. T., McGuire, W., & Oddie, S. (2018). Enteral lactoferrin to prevent infection for very preterm infants: the ELFIN RCT. Health Technology Assessment, 22(74), 1-60. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta22740

Temporarily quadrupling the dose of inhaled steroid to prevent asthma exacerbations: FAST (2018)
Journal Article
McKeever, T., Mortimer, K., Bradshaw, L., Haydock, R., Pavord, I., Higgins, B., Walker, S., Wilson, A., Price, D., Thomas, M., Devereux, G., Brightling, C., Renwick, C., Parrott, S., Mitchell, E., Duley, L., & Harrison, T. (2018). Temporarily quadrupling the dose of inhaled steroid to prevent asthma exacerbations: FAST. Health Technology Assessment, 22(70), 1-82. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta22700

© Queen's Printer and Controller of HMSO 2018. Background: Asthma exacerbations affect the quality of life of patients with asthma and have a major effect on the overall costs of asthma care. An asthma self-management plan that advises the temporary... Read More about Temporarily quadrupling the dose of inhaled steroid to prevent asthma exacerbations: FAST.

Analgesic efficacy and safety of morphine in the Procedural Pain in Premature Infants (Poppi) study: randomised placebo-controlled trial (2018)
Journal Article
Hartley, C., Moultrie, F., Hoskin, A., Green, G., Monk, V., Bell, J. L., King, A. R., Buckle, M., van der Vaart, M., Gursul, D., Goksan, S., Juszczak, E., Norman, J. E., Rogers, R., Patel, C., Adams, E., & Slater, R. (2018). Analgesic efficacy and safety of morphine in the Procedural Pain in Premature Infants (Poppi) study: randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 392(10164), 2595-2605. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2818%2931813-0

Background: Infant pain has immediate and long-term effects but is undertreated because of a paucity of evidence-based analgesics. Although morphine is often used to sedate ventilated infants, its analgesic efficacy is unclear. We aimed to establish... Read More about Analgesic efficacy and safety of morphine in the Procedural Pain in Premature Infants (Poppi) study: randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Central masked adjudication of stroke diagnosis at trial entry offered no advantage over diagnosis by local clinicians: secondary analysis and simulation (2018)
Journal Article
Godolphin, P., Hepburn, T., Sprigg, N., Walker, L., Berge, E., Collins, R., Gommans, J., Ntaios, G., Pocock, S., Prasad, K., Wardlaw, J., Bath, P., & Montgomery, A. (2018). Central masked adjudication of stroke diagnosis at trial entry offered no advantage over diagnosis by local clinicians: secondary analysis and simulation. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 12, 176-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2018.11.002

Background

Central adjudication of stroke type is commonly implemented in large multicentre clinical trials. We investigated the effect of central adjudication of diagnosis of stroke type at trial entry in the Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke (E... Read More about Central masked adjudication of stroke diagnosis at trial entry offered no advantage over diagnosis by local clinicians: secondary analysis and simulation.

Pulse Oximeter Saturation Targeting and Oximeter Changes in the Benefits of Oxygen Saturation Targeting (BOOST)-II Australia and BOOST-II UK Oxygen Trials (2018)
Journal Article
Stenson, B. J., Donoghoe, M., Brocklehurst, P., Davis, P. G., Juszczak, E., Marschner, I. C., Simes, J., & Tarnow-Mordi, W. O. (2019). Pulse Oximeter Saturation Targeting and Oximeter Changes in the Benefits of Oxygen Saturation Targeting (BOOST)-II Australia and BOOST-II UK Oxygen Trials. Journal of Pediatrics, 204, 301-304.E2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.08.033

Infants in the Australian and UK Benefits of Oxygen Saturation Targeting-II trials treated using revised oximeters spent more time within their planned pulse oximeter saturation target ranges than infants treated using the original oximeters (P < .00...

Factors associated with physiotherapists' preference for MRI in primary care patients with low back and leg pain (2018)
Journal Article
Ely, S., Stynes, S., Ogollah, R., Foster, N. E., & Konstantinou, K. (2018). Factors associated with physiotherapists' preference for MRI in primary care patients with low back and leg pain. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 38, 46-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2018.09.003

© 2018 Background: Criticisms about overuse of MRI in low back pain are well documented. Yet, with the exception of suspicion of serious pathology, little is known about factors that influence clinicians’ preference for magnetic resonance imaging (MR... Read More about Factors associated with physiotherapists' preference for MRI in primary care patients with low back and leg pain.

Robust assessment of two-treatment higher-order cross-over designs against missing values (2018)
Journal Article
Godolphin, P., & Godolphin, E. (2019). Robust assessment of two-treatment higher-order cross-over designs against missing values. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 132, 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2018.06.020

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. In scientific experiments where human behaviour or animal response is intrinsically involved, such as clinical trials, there is a strong possibility of recording missing values. Missing data in a clinical trial has the potential... Read More about Robust assessment of two-treatment higher-order cross-over designs against missing values.

Postpartum evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk for women with pregnancies complicated by hypertension (2018)
Journal Article
Escouto, D. C., Green, A., Kurlak, L., Walker, K., Loughna, P., Chappell, L., Broughton Pipkin, F., & Bramham, K. (2018). Postpartum evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk for women with pregnancies complicated by hypertension. Pregnancy Hypertension, 13, 218-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2018.06.019

Objectives: Postpartum stratification of cardiovascular risk for women with pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia is challenging. Our aim was to identify potential clinical and biomarker predictors of future cardiovascular risk at six weeks postpa... Read More about Postpartum evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk for women with pregnancies complicated by hypertension.

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults (2018)
Journal Article
Herd, C. P., Tomlinson, C. L., Rick, C., Scotton, W. J., Edwards, J., Ives, N., Clarke, C. E., & Sinclair, A. (2018). Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Article CD011616. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011616.pub2

Background
Migraine occurs in around 15% of adults and is ranked as the seventh most disabling disease amongst all diseases globally. Despite the available treatments many people suffer prolonged and frequent attacks which have a major impact on the... Read More about Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults.

Association Between Oxygen Saturation Targeting and Death or Disability in Extremely Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis Collaboration (2018)
Journal Article
Askie, L. M., Darlow, B. A., Finer, N., Schmidt, B., Stenson, B., Tarnow-Mordi, W., Davis, P. G., Carlo, W. A., Brocklehurst, P., Davies, L. C., Das, A., Rich, W., Gantz, M. G., Roberts, R. S., Whyte, R. K., Costantini, L., Poets, C., Asztalos, E., Battin, M., Halliday, H. L., …for the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis (NeOProM) Collaboration. (2018). Association Between Oxygen Saturation Targeting and Death or Disability in Extremely Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis Collaboration. Journal of the American Medical Association, 319(21), 2190–2201. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.5725

IMPORTANCE There are potential benefits and harms of hyperoxemia and hypoxemia for extremely preterm infants receiving more vs less supplemental oxygen.

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of different target ranges for oxygen saturation asmeasured b... Read More about Association Between Oxygen Saturation Targeting and Death or Disability in Extremely Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis Collaboration.

Tranexamic acid for hyperacute primary IntraCerebral Haemorrhage (TICH-2): an international randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 superiority trial (2018)
Journal Article
Sprigg, N., Flaherty, K., Appleton, J. P., Al-Shahi Salman, R., Bereczki, D., Beridze, M., Christensen, H., Ciccone, A., Collins, R., Czlonkowska, A., Dineen, R. A., Duley, L., Egea-Guerrero, J. J., England, T. J., Krishnan, K., Laska, A. C., Law, Z. K., Ozturk, S., Pocock, S. J., Roberts, I., …Bath, P. M. (2018). Tranexamic acid for hyperacute primary IntraCerebral Haemorrhage (TICH-2): an international randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 superiority trial. Lancet, 391(10135), 2107-2115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2818%2931033-X

Background
Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces death due to bleeding after trauma and post-partum haemorrhage. The aim was to assess if tranexamic acid reduces haematoma expansion and improves outcome in adults with stroke due to intracerebral 6 haemorrha... Read More about Tranexamic acid for hyperacute primary IntraCerebral Haemorrhage (TICH-2): an international randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 superiority trial.

The clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness of lamotrigine for people with borderline personality disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (2018)
Journal Article
Crawford, M. J., Sanatinia, R., Barrett, B., Cunningham, G., Dale, O., Ganguli, P., Lawrence-Smith, G., Leeson, V., Lemonsky, F., Lykomitrou, G., Montgomery, A. A., Morriss, R. K., Munjiza, J., Paton, C., Skorodzien, I., Singh, V., Tan, W., Tyrer, P., & Reilly, J. G. (2018). The clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness of lamotrigine for people with borderline personality disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(8), 756-764. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17091006

Objectives: To examine whether lamotrigine is a clinically effective and cost-effective treatment for people with borderline personality disorder.

Method: Multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Between July 2013 to Novembe... Read More about The clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness of lamotrigine for people with borderline personality disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Clinical diagnostic model for sciatica developed in primary care patients with low back-related leg pain (2018)
Journal Article
Stynes, S., Konstantinou, K., Ogollah, R. O., Hay, E. M., & Dunn, K. M. (2018). Clinical diagnostic model for sciatica developed in primary care patients with low back-related leg pain. PLoS ONE, 13(4), Article e0191852. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191852

Background

Identification of sciatica may assist timely management but can be challenging in clinical practice. Diagnostic models to identify sciatica have mainly been developed in secondary care settings with conflicting reference standard select... Read More about Clinical diagnostic model for sciatica developed in primary care patients with low back-related leg pain.

NHS health checks: a cross- sectional observational study on equity of uptake and outcomes (2018)
Journal Article
Coghill, N., Garside, L., Montgomery, A. A., Feder, G., & Horwood, J. (2018). NHS health checks: a cross- sectional observational study on equity of uptake and outcomes. BMC Health Services Research, 18, Article 238. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3027-8

Background

The National Health Checks programme aims to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and health inequalities in England. We assessed equity of uptake and outcomes from NHS Health Checks in general practices in Bristol, UK.

Me... Read More about NHS health checks: a cross- sectional observational study on equity of uptake and outcomes.

Home interventions and light therapy for treatment of vitiligo (HI-Light Vitiligo Trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2018)
Journal Article
Haines, R. H., Thomas, K. S., Montgomery, A. A., Ravenscroft, J. C., Akram, P., Chalmers, J., Whitman, D., Duley, L., Eleftheriadou, V., Meakin, G., Mitchell, E., White, J., Rogers, A., Sach, T., Santer, M., Tan, W., Hepburn, T., Williams, H. C., & Batchelor, J. M. (2018). Home interventions and light therapy for treatment of vitiligo (HI-Light Vitiligo Trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMJ Open, 8(4), Article e018649. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018649

Vitiligo is a condition resulting in white patches on the skin. People with vitiligo can suffer from low self-esteem, psychological disturbance and diminished quality of life. Vitiligo is often poorly managed, partly due to lack of high quality evide... Read More about Home interventions and light therapy for treatment of vitiligo (HI-Light Vitiligo Trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Determining one-year trajectories of low back related leg pain in primary care patients: growth mixture modelling of a prospective cohort study (2018)
Journal Article
Ogollah, R. O., Konstantinou, K., Stynes, S., & Dunn, K. M. (2018). Determining one-year trajectories of low back related leg pain in primary care patients: growth mixture modelling of a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Care and Research, 70(12), 1840-1848. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.23556

Objective

The clinical presentation and outcome of patients with back and leg pain in primary care are heterogeneous and may be better understood by identification of homogeneous and clinically meaningful subgroups. Subgroups of patients with diff... Read More about Determining one-year trajectories of low back related leg pain in primary care patients: growth mixture modelling of a prospective cohort study.

A feasibility study for NOn-Traditional providers to support the management of Elderly People with Anxiety and Depression: the NOTEPAD study Protocol (2018)
Journal Article
Burroughs, H., Bartlam, B., Kingstone, T., Shepherd, T., Ogollah, R. O., Proctor, J., Waheed, W., Bower, P., Bullock, P., Lovell, K., Gilbody, S., Bailey, D., Butler-Whalley, S., & Chew-Graham, C. (2018). A feasibility study for NOn-Traditional providers to support the management of Elderly People with Anxiety and Depression: the NOTEPAD study Protocol. Trials, 19, Article 172. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2550-6

BACKGROUND:
Anxiety and depression are common among older people, with up to 20% reporting such symptoms, and the prevalence increases with co-morbid chronic physical health problems. Access to treatment for anxiety and depression in this population... Read More about A feasibility study for NOn-Traditional providers to support the management of Elderly People with Anxiety and Depression: the NOTEPAD study Protocol.