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Collective plasticity of binocular interactions in the adult visual system (2024)
Journal Article
Wang, M., McGraw, P. V., & Ledgeway, T. (2024). Collective plasticity of binocular interactions in the adult visual system. Scientific Reports, 14(1), Article 10494. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57276-8

Binocular visual plasticity can be initiated via either bottom-up or top-down mechanisms, but it is unknown if these two forms of adult plasticity can be independently combined. In seven participants with normal binocular vision, sensory eye dominanc... Read More about Collective plasticity of binocular interactions in the adult visual system.

Assessing the reliability of web-based measurements of visual function (2023)
Journal Article
Leadbeater, R. J., McGraw, P., & Ledgeway, T. (2024). Assessing the reliability of web-based measurements of visual function. Behavior Research Methods, 56, 406-416. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-02057-2

Many behavioural phenomena have been replicated using web-based experiments, but evaluation of the agreement between objective measures of web- and lab-based performance is required if scientists and clinicians are to reap the benefits of web-based t... Read More about Assessing the reliability of web-based measurements of visual function.

The effects of simulated hemianopia on eye movements during text reading (2022)
Journal Article
Beh, A., McGraw, P. V., & Schluppeck, D. (2023). The effects of simulated hemianopia on eye movements during text reading. Vision Research, 204, Article 108163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2022.108163

Vision loss is a common, devastating complication of cerebral strokes. In some cases the complete contra-lesional visual field is affected, leading to problems with routine tasks and, notably, the ability to read. Although visual information crucial... Read More about The effects of simulated hemianopia on eye movements during text reading.

Linking Multi-Modal MRI to Clinical Measures of Visual Field Loss After Stroke (2022)
Journal Article
Beh, A., McGraw, P. V., Webb, B. S., & Schluppeck, D. (2022). Linking Multi-Modal MRI to Clinical Measures of Visual Field Loss After Stroke. Frontiers in Neuroscience,

Loss of vision across large parts of the visual field is a common and devastating complication of cerebral strokes. In the clinic, this loss is quantified by measuring the sensitivity threshold across the field of vision using static perimetry. These... Read More about Linking Multi-Modal MRI to Clinical Measures of Visual Field Loss After Stroke.

Gaze correlates of view preference: Comparing natural and urban scenes (2021)
Journal Article
Batool, A., Rutherford, P., McGraw, P., Ledgeway, T., & Altomonte, S. (2022). Gaze correlates of view preference: Comparing natural and urban scenes. Lighting Research and Technology, 54(6), 576-594. https://doi.org/10.1177/14771535211055703

When looking out of a window, natural views are usually associated with restorative qualities and are given a higher preference than urban scenes. Previous research has shown that gaze behaviour might differ based on the natural or urban content of v... Read More about Gaze correlates of view preference: Comparing natural and urban scenes.

Attentional eye selection modulates sensory eye dominance (2021)
Journal Article
Wang, M., McGraw, P., & Ledgeway, T. (2021). Attentional eye selection modulates sensory eye dominance. Vision Research, 188, 10-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2021.06.006

Brief periods of monocular deprivation significantly modify binocular visual processing. For example, patching one eye for a few hours alters the inter-ocular balance, with the previously patched eye becoming dominant once the patch is removed (Lungh... Read More about Attentional eye selection modulates sensory eye dominance.

Learning to silence saccadic suppression (2021)
Journal Article
Scholes, C., McGraw, P. V., & Roach, N. W. (2021). Learning to silence saccadic suppression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(6), Article e2012937118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012937118

Perceptual stability is facilitated by a decrease in visual sensitivity during rapid eye movements, called saccadic suppression. While a large body of evidence demonstrates that saccadic programming is plastic, little is known about whether the perce... Read More about Learning to silence saccadic suppression.

The Effect of Perceptual Learning on Face Recognition in Individuals with Central Vision Loss (2020)
Journal Article
Haris, E. M., McGraw, P., Webb, B. S., Chung, S. T. L., & Astle, A. T. (2020). The Effect of Perceptual Learning on Face Recognition in Individuals with Central Vision Loss. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 61(2), https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.61.8.2

Purpose: To examine whether perceptual learning could improve face discrimination and recognition in older adults with central vision loss. Methods: Ten participants with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) received 5 days of training on a face d... Read More about The Effect of Perceptual Learning on Face Recognition in Individuals with Central Vision Loss.

Does physical exercise and congruent visual stimulation enhance perceptual learning? (2020)
Journal Article
Campana, G., Fongoni, L., Astle, A., & McGraw, P. V. (2020). Does physical exercise and congruent visual stimulation enhance perceptual learning?. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 40(5), 680-691. https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.12712

Purpose: There is currently great interest in methods that can modulate brain plasticity, both in terms of understanding the basic mechanisms and in the remedial application to situations of sensory loss. Recent work has focussed on how different man... Read More about Does physical exercise and congruent visual stimulation enhance perceptual learning?.

Short-term monocular deprivation reduces inter-ocular suppression of the deprived eye (2020)
Journal Article
Wang, M., McGraw, P., & Ledgeway, T. (2020). Short-term monocular deprivation reduces inter-ocular suppression of the deprived eye. Vision Research, 173, 29-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2020.05.001

The adult visual system was traditionally thought to be relatively hard-wired, but recent studies have challenged this view by demonstrating plasticity following brief periods of monocular deprivation (Lunghi, Burr, & Morrone, 2011; Lunghi, Burr, & M... Read More about Short-term monocular deprivation reduces inter-ocular suppression of the deprived eye.

Individual variation in inter-ocular suppression and sensory eye dominance (2019)
Journal Article
Wang, M., McGraw, P., & Ledgeway, T. (2019). Individual variation in inter-ocular suppression and sensory eye dominance. Vision Research, 163, 33-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2019.07.004

The competitive and inhibitory interactions between the two eyes’ images are a pervasive aspect of binocular vision. Over the last decade, our understanding of the neural processes underpinning binocular rivalry (BR) and continuous flash suppression... Read More about Individual variation in inter-ocular suppression and sensory eye dominance.

Estimation of contrast sensitivity from fixational eye movements (2018)
Journal Article
Denniss, J., Scholes, C., McGraw, P. V., Nam, S.-H., & Roach, N. W. (2018). Estimation of contrast sensitivity from fixational eye movements. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 59(13), 5408-5416. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24674

Purpose: Even during steady fixation, people make small eye movements such as microsaccades, whose rate is altered by presentation of salient stimuli. Our goal was to develop a practical method for objectively and robustly estimating contrast sensiti... Read More about Estimation of contrast sensitivity from fixational eye movements.

Selective modulation of visual sensitivity during fixation (2018)
Journal Article
Scholes, C. D., McGraw, P. V., & Roach, N. W. (in press). Selective modulation of visual sensitivity during fixation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 119(6), https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00819.2017

During periods of steady fixation, we make small amplitude ocular movements, termed microsaccades, at a rate of 1-2 every second. Early studies provided evidence that visual sensitivity is reduced during microsaccades - akin to the well-established s... Read More about Selective modulation of visual sensitivity during fixation.

Rate after-effects fail to transfer cross-modally: evidence for distributed sensory timing mechanisms (2018)
Journal Article
Motola, A., Heron, J., McGraw, P. V., Roach, N. W., & Whitaker, D. (2018). Rate after-effects fail to transfer cross-modally: evidence for distributed sensory timing mechanisms. Scientific Reports, 8, Article 924. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19218-z

Accurate time perception is critical for a number of human behaviours, such as understanding speech and the appreciation of music. However, it remains unresolved whether sensory time perception is mediated by a central timing component regulating all... Read More about Rate after-effects fail to transfer cross-modally: evidence for distributed sensory timing mechanisms.

Generalization of prior information for rapid Bayesian time estimation (2016)
Journal Article
Roach, N. W., McGraw, P. V., Whitaker, D., & Heron, J. (2017). Generalization of prior information for rapid Bayesian time estimation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(2), 412-417. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610706114

To enable effective interaction with the environment, the brain combines noisy sensory information with expectations based on prior experience. There is ample evidence showing that humans can learn statistical regularities in sensory input and exploi... Read More about Generalization of prior information for rapid Bayesian time estimation.

Object size determines the spatial spread of visual time (2016)
Journal Article
Fulcher, C., McGraw, P. V., Roach, N. W., Whitaker, D., & Heron, J. (2016). Object size determines the spatial spread of visual time. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 283(1835), Article 20161024. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1024

A key question for temporal processing research is how the nervous system extracts event duration, despite a notable lack of neural structures dedicated to duration encoding. This is in stark contrast to the orderly arrangement of neurons tasked with... Read More about Object size determines the spatial spread of visual time.

Fixational eye movements predict visual sensitivity (2015)
Journal Article
Scholes, C., McGraw, P. V., Nyström, M., & Roach, N. W. (2015). Fixational eye movements predict visual sensitivity. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 282(1817), Article 20151568. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1568

© 2015 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. During steady fixation, observers make small fixational saccades at a rate of around 1–2 per second. Presentation of a visual stimulus triggers a biphasic modulation in fixatio... Read More about Fixational eye movements predict visual sensitivity.

Estimation of cortical magnification from positional error in normally sighted and amblyopic subjects (2015)
Journal Article
Hussain, Z., Svensson, C.-M., Besle, J., Webb, B. S., Barrett, B. T., & McGraw, P. (2015). Estimation of cortical magnification from positional error in normally sighted and amblyopic subjects. Journal of Vision, 15(2), Article 25. https://doi.org/10.1167/15.2.25

We describe a method for deriving the linear cortical magnification factor from positional error across the visual field. We compared magnification obtained from this method between normally sighted individuals and amblyopic individuals, who receive... Read More about Estimation of cortical magnification from positional error in normally sighted and amblyopic subjects.