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The impact of maturation on concentrations of key odour active compounds which determine the aroma of tequila

Gonz�lez-Robles, Ivonne Wendolyne; Cook, David J.

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Authors

Ivonne Wendolyne Gonz�lez-Robles

Profile image of DAVID COOK

DAVID COOK david.cook@nottingham.ac.uk
Sabmiller Chair Brewing Science



Abstract

Samples of non-mature and añejo (matured) tequila of the same brand/provenance were analysed using GC–MS and gas chromatography olfactometry (GC-O)/aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) to provide quantitative data on the most odour active compounds that contribute to the aroma of these spirits. Extracts of non-mature tequila were characterized by 26 odour-active regions, which included ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, 2-phenylethyl acetate, β-damascenone, isoamyl alcohol and octanoic acid as the most odour-active compounds (flavour dilution, FD, factor ≥ 6561). In contrast, extracts of the mature spirit showed 36 odour-active zones, where the compounds with the highest FD factors (6561) were ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, 2-phenylethyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, guaiacol, 4-ethyl guaiacol, vanillin, cis/trans whisky lactones, β-damascenone and octanoic acid. The aromagram of mature tequila was thus differentiated from that of the non-mature spirit owing to the presence of cask-extractive compounds and the increased FD factors of certain terpenes, higher alcohols and acetals. This study provides a comprehensive and quantitative understanding of changes in key odourants of tequila as a result of the maturation process and also reveals a further characterization of the likely impact of each compound on overall spirit flavour, in terms of odour activity values.

Citation

González-Robles, I. W., & Cook, D. J. (2016). The impact of maturation on concentrations of key odour active compounds which determine the aroma of tequila. Journal of the Institute of Brewing, 122(3), 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1002/jib.333

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Apr 3, 2016
Online Publication Date Jul 19, 2016
Publication Date Aug 16, 2016
Deposit Date Nov 4, 2016
Publicly Available Date Nov 4, 2016
Journal Journal of the Institute of Brewing
Electronic ISSN 2050-0416
Publisher Wiley
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 122
Issue 3
Pages 369-380
DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/jib.333
Keywords Agave tequilana; Volatile compounds; Aroma extract dilution analysis: Gas22 chromatography, Mass spectrometry; Tequila; Non-mature; Mature.
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/800339
Publisher URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jib.333
Additional Information This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: González-Robles, I. W., and Cook, D. J. (2016) The impact of maturation on concentrations of key odour active compounds which determine the aroma of tequila. J. Inst. Brew., 122: 369–380. doi: 10.1002/jib.333., which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jib.333. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Contract Date Nov 4, 2016

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