Bayesian causal network modeling suggests adolescent cannabis use accelerates prefrontal cortical thinning

Owens, Max M.; Albaugh, Matthew D.; Allgaier, Nicholas; Yuan, Dekang; Robert, Gabriel; Cupertino, Renata B.; Spechler, Philip A.; Juliano, Anthony; Hahn, Sage; Banaschewski, Tobias; Bokde, Arun L.W.; Desrivières, Sylvane; Flor, Herta; Grigis, Antoine; Gowland, Penny; Heinz, Andreas; Brühl, Rüdiger; Martinot, Jean Luc; Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère; Artiges, Eric; Nees, Frauke; Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos; Lemaitre, Herve; Paus, Tomáš; Poustka, Luise; Millenet, Sabina; Fröhner, Juliane H.; Smolka, Michael N.; Walter, Henrik; Whelan, Robert; Mackey, Scott; Schumann, Gunter; Garavan, Hugh; Barker, Gareth J.; Hohmann, Sarah

Abstract

While there is substantial evidence that cannabis use is associated with differences in human brain development, most of this evidence is correlational in nature. Bayesian causal network (BCN) modeling attempts to identify probable causal relationships in correlational data using conditional probabilities to estimate directional associations between a set of interrelated variables. In this study, we employed BCN modeling in 637 adolescents from the IMAGEN study who were cannabis naïve at age 14 to provide evidence that the accelerated prefrontal cortical thinning found previously in adolescent cannabis users by Albaugh et al. [1] is a result of cannabis use causally affecting neurodevelopment. BCNs incorporated data on cannabis use, prefrontal cortical thickness, and other factors related to both brain development and cannabis use, including demographics, psychopathology, childhood adversity, and other substance use. All BCN algorithms strongly suggested a directional relationship from adolescent cannabis use to accelerated cortical thinning. While BCN modeling alone does not prove a causal relationship, these results are consistent with a body of animal and human research suggesting that adolescent cannabis use adversely affects brain development.

Citation

Owens, M. M., Albaugh, M. D., Allgaier, N., Yuan, D., Robert, G., Cupertino, R. B., Spechler, P. A., Juliano, A., Hahn, S., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L., Desrivières, S., Flor, H., Grigis, A., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Brühl, R., Martinot, J. L., Martinot, M.-L. P., Artiges, E., …Hohmann, S. (2022). Bayesian causal network modeling suggests adolescent cannabis use accelerates prefrontal cortical thinning. Translational Psychiatry, 12(1), Article 188. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-01956-4

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Apr 22, 2022
• Online Publication Date: May 6, 2022
• Publication Date: May 6, 2022
• Deposit Date: May 6, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: May 6, 2022
• Journal: Translational Psychiatry
• Electronic ISSN: 2158-3188
• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: 188
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-01956-4
• Keywords: Biological Psychiatry; Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience; Psychiatry and Mental health
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/7956045
• Publisher URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-022-01956-4
• Additional Information: Authors on behalf of the IMAGEN Consortium