Early life programming of health and disease: The long-term consequences of obesity in pregnancy

Langley-Evans, Simon C.

Abstract

The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising in all parts of the world and, among young women, it presents a very clear danger during pregnancy. Women who are overweight or who gain excessive weight during pregnancy are at greater risk of complications in pregnancy and labour, and are more likely to lose their child to stillbirth or die themselves during pregnancy. This narrative review considers the evidence that, in addition to increasing risk of poor pregnancy outcomes, obesity has the capacity to programme foetuses to be at greater risk of cardiometabolic disorders later in life. An extensive body of evidence from prospective and retrospective cohorts, as well as record linkage studies, demonstrates associations of maternal obesity and/or gestational diabetes with cardiovascular disease, as well as type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Studies in animals suggest that these associations are underpinned by adaptations that occur in foetal life, which remodel the structures of major organs, including the brain, kidney and pancreas.

Citation

Langley-Evans, S. C. (2022). Early life programming of health and disease: The long-term consequences of obesity in pregnancy. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 35(5), 816-832. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.13023

• Journal Article Type: Review
• Acceptance Date: Apr 6, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Apr 27, 2022
• Publication Date: 2022-10
• Deposit Date: Apr 7, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 28, 2023
• Journal: Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics
• Print ISSN: 0952-3871
• Electronic ISSN: 1365-277X
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 35
• Issue: 5
• Pages: 816-832
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.13023
• Keywords: Nutrition and Dietetics; Medicine (miscellaneous)
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/7712013
• Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jhn.13023