Charge-Swapping Q-balls and Their Lifetimes

Xie, Qi-Xin; Saffin, Paul M.; Zhou, Shuang-Yong

Abstract

For scalar theories accommodating spherically symmetric Q-balls, there are also towers of quasi-stable composite Q-balls, called charge swapping Q-balls (CSQs). We investigate the properties, particularly the lifetimes, of these long-lived CSQs in 2+1D and 3+1D using numerical simulations with efficient second order absorbing boundary conditions. We find that the evolution of a CSQ typically consists of 4 distinct stages: initial relaxation, first plateau (CSQ stage), fast decay and second plateau (oscillon stage). We chart the lifetimes of CSQs for different parameters of the initial conditions and of the potential, and show the attractor behavior and other properties of the CSQs.

Citation

Xie, Q.-X., Saffin, P. M., & Zhou, S.-Y. (2021). Charge-Swapping Q-balls and Their Lifetimes. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2021(7), Article 62. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep07%282021%29062

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jun 23, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Jul 12, 2021
• Publication Date: 2021-07
• Deposit Date: Aug 5, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 5, 2021
• Journal: Journal of High Energy Physics
• Electronic ISSN: 1029-8479
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 2021
• Issue: 7
• Article Number: 62
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep07%282021%29062
• Keywords: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5956549
• Publisher URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FJHEP07%282021%29062