Impaired recollection-based episodic memory as a cognitive endophenotype in schizophrenia

Abhishek, Priyadarshee; Nizamie, S Haque; Jahan, Masroor; Kumar, Devvarta; Goyal, Nishant; Pachori, Hariom; Katshu, Mohammad Zia Ul Haq

Abstract

Introduction
Patients with schizophrenia show impaired recollection but largely preserved familiarity-based episodic memory. This study was done to clarify the endophenotypic nature of recollection and familiarity-based episodic memory in schizophrenia and the role of emotional valence of memoranda and degree of recall confidence in it.

Method
Twenty-five patients with schizophrenia, one unaffected sibling of each patient, and twenty-three healthy controls completed two tasks assessing recollection and familiarity-based processes in episodic memory. In the first task, participants were asked to remember positive, negative, and neutral emotional valence words in a remember–know paradigm. In the second task, in addition to recollection and familiarity-based responses, participants were asked to make confidence judgments about their responses.

Results
Patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives (FDRs) performed poorly on recollection but not familiarity-based responses, compared to healthy controls; performance of first-degree relatives was in between and significantly different from that of both patients and controls. The differences in recollection and familiarity-based responses across the three groups were not moderated by recall confidence judgments or emotional valence of memoranda. Furthermore, there was no correlation between recollection-based memory impairments and duration or severity of illness or current medication exposure.

Conclusions
Impaired recollection-based memory constitutes a potential cognitive endophenotype in schizophrenia. Furthermore, selective impairment of recollection-based, but sparing of familiarity-based, memory in patients and their FDRs supports the distinct nature of recollection and familiarity-based episodic memories.

Citation

Abhishek, P., Nizamie, S. H., Jahan, M., Kumar, D., Goyal, N., Pachori, H., & Katshu, M. Z. U. H. (2020). Impaired recollection-based episodic memory as a cognitive endophenotype in schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 42(8), 759-770. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2020.1801598

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 20, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Sep 9, 2020
• Publication Date: Sep 13, 2020
• Deposit Date: Nov 18, 2020
• Journal: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
• Print ISSN: 1380-3395
• Electronic ISSN: 1744-411X
• Publisher: Routledge
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 42
• Issue: 8
• Pages: 759-770
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2020.1801598
• Keywords: Clinical Psychology; Neurology; Clinical Neurology
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5051522
• Publisher URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13803395.2020.1801598