Variability in Arsenic Methylation Efficiency across Aerobic and Anaerobic Microorganisms

Viacava, Karen; Meibom, Karin Lederballe; Ortega, David; Dyer, Shannon; Gelb, Arnaud; Falquet, Leia; Minton, Nigel P.; Mestrot, Adrien; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan

Abstract

© 2020 American Chemical Society. Microbially-mediated methylation of arsenic (As) plays an important role in the As biogeochemical cycle, particularly in rice paddy soils where methylated As, generated microbially, is translocated into rice grains. The presence of the arsenite (As(III)) methyltransferase gene (arsM) in soil microbes has been used as an indication of their capacity for As methylation. Here, we evaluate the ability of seven microorganisms encoding active ArsM enzymes to methylate As. Amongst those, only the aerobic species were efficient methylators. The anaerobic microorganisms presented high resistance to As exposure, presumably through their efficient As(III) efflux, but methylated As poorly. The only exception were methanogens, for which efficient As methylation was seemingly an artifact of membrane disruption. Deletion of an efflux pump gene (acr3) in one of the anaerobes, Clostridium pasteurianum, rendered the strain sensitive to As and capable of more efficiently methylating As. Our results led to the following conclusions: (i) encoding a functional ArsM enzyme does not guarantee that a microorganism will actively drive As methylation in the presence of the metalloid and (ii) there is an inverse relationship between efficient microbial As efflux and its methylation, because the former prevents the intracellular accumulation of As.

Citation

Viacava, K., Meibom, K. L., Ortega, D., Dyer, S., Gelb, A., Falquet, L., Minton, N. P., Mestrot, A., & Bernier-Latmani, R. (2020). Variability in Arsenic Methylation Efficiency across Aerobic and Anaerobic Microorganisms. Environmental Science and Technology, 54(22), 14343-14351. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c03908

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Oct 16, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Oct 30, 2020
• Publication Date: Nov 17, 2020
• Deposit Date: Jan 2, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 31, 2021
• Journal: Environmental Science and Technology
• Print ISSN: 0013-936X
• Electronic ISSN: 1520-5851
• Publisher: American Chemical Society
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 54
• Issue: 22
• Pages: 14343-14351
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c03908
• Keywords: General Chemistry; Environmental Chemistry
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5021579
• Publisher URL: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.0c03908#
• Additional Information: This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Environmental Science and Technology,copyright© American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.0c03908