How to activate threat perceptions in behavior research: A simple technique for inducing health and resource scarcity threats

Isler, Ozan; Yilmaz, Onurcan; Maule, A John; Gächter, Simon

Abstract

Understanding our cognitive and behavioral reactions to large-scale collective problems involving health and resource scarcity threats, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, helps us be better prepared for future collective threats. However, existing studies on these threats tend to be restricted to correlational data, partly due to a lack of reliable experimental techniques for manipulating threat perceptions. In four preregistered experiments (N = 5152), we developed and validated an experimental technique that can separately activate perceptions of personal health threat or resource scarcity threat, either in the specific context of the COVID-19 pandemic or in general. We compared the threat manipulations to a relaxation manipulation designed to deactivate background threat perceptions as well as to a passive control condition. Confirmatory tests showed substantial activation of personal health and resource scarcity threat perceptions. This brief technique can be easily used in online experiments. Distress due to the threat manipulation was rarely reported and easily managed with a debriefing toolkit.

Citation

Isler, O., Yilmaz, O., Maule, A. J., & Gächter, S. (2024). How to activate threat perceptions in behavior research: A simple technique for inducing health and resource scarcity threats. Behavior Research Methods, 56, 8379-8395. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-024-02481-6

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 16, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Aug 14, 2024
• Publication Date: 2024-12
• Deposit Date: Aug 22, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 22, 2024
• Journal: Behavior Research Methods
• Print ISSN: 1554-351X
• Electronic ISSN: 1554-3528
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 56
• Pages: 8379-8395
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-024-02481-6
• Keywords: Threat perception; Experimental manipulation technique; Health threat; Resource scarcity threat
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/38643298
• Publisher URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13428-024-02481-6
• Additional Information: Accepted: 16 July 2024; First Online: 14 August 2024; : ; : None.; : University of Nottingham and Kadir Has University provided ethics approvals.; : Informed consent was received prior to participation.; : Not applicable.