Greater hepatic lipid saturation is associated with impaired glycaemic regulation in men with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease but is not altered by 6 weeks of exercise training

Willis, Scott A.; Malaikah, Sundus; Bawden, Stephen J.; Sherry, Aron P.; Sargeant, Jack A.; Coull, Nicole A.; Bradley, Christopher R.; Rowlands, Alex; Naim, Iyad; Ennequin, Gaël; Yates, Thomas; Waheed, Ghazala; Gowland, Penny; Stensel, David J.; Webb, David R.; Davies, Melanie J.; Aithal, Guruprasad P.; King, James A.

Abstract

Aims: To examine the impact of impaired glycaemic regulation (IGR) and exercise training on hepatic lipid composition in men with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Materials and Methods: In Part A (cross‐sectional design), 40 men with MASLD (liver proton density fat fraction [PDFF] ≥5.56%) were recruited to one of two groups: (1) normal glycaemic regulation (NGR) group (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] < 42 mmol∙mol−1 [<6.0%]; n = 14) or (2) IGR group (HbA1c ≥ 42 mmol∙mol−1 [≥6.0%]; n = 26). In Part B (randomized controlled trial design), participants in the IGR group were randomized to one of two 6‐week interventions: (1) exercise training (EX; 70%–75% maximum heart rate; four sessions/week; n = 13) or (2) non‐exercise control (CON; n = 13). Saturated (SI; primary outcome), unsaturated (UI) and polyunsaturated (PUI) hepatic lipid indices were determined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additional secondary outcomes included liver PDFF, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), and plasma cytokeratin‐18 (CK18) M65, among others. Results: In Part A, hepatic SI was higher and hepatic UI was lower in the IGR versus the NGR group (p = 0.038), and this hepatic lipid profile was associated with higher HbA1c levels, FPG levels, HOMA‐IR and plasma CK18 M65 levels (r s ≥0.320). In Part B, hepatic lipid composition and liver PDFF were unchanged after EX versus CON (p ≥ 0.257), while FPG was reduced and VO2 peak was increased (p ≤ 0.030). ΔVO2 peak was inversely associated with Δhepatic SI (r = −0.433) and positively associated with Δhepatic UI and Δhepatic PUI (r ≥ 0.433). Conclusions: Impaired glycaemic regulation in MASLD is characterized by greater hepatic lipid saturation; however, this composition is not altered by 6 weeks of moderate‐intensity exercise training.

Citation

Willis, S. A., Malaikah, S., Bawden, S. J., Sherry, A. P., Sargeant, J. A., Coull, N. A., Bradley, C. R., Rowlands, A., Naim, I., Ennequin, G., Yates, T., Waheed, G., Gowland, P., Stensel, D. J., Webb, D. R., Davies, M. J., Aithal, G. P., & King, J. A. (2024). Greater hepatic lipid saturation is associated with impaired glycaemic regulation in men with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease but is not altered by 6 weeks of exercise training. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 26(9), 4030-4042. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.15755

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jun 14, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Jul 8, 2024
• Publication Date: 2024-09
• Deposit Date: Jul 24, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Jul 26, 2024
• Journal: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
• Print ISSN: 1462-8902
• Electronic ISSN: 1463-1326
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 26
• Issue: 9
• Pages: 4030-4042
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.15755
• Keywords: exercise intervention, liver, glycaemic control, fatty liver disease
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/37301144
• Publisher URL: https://dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com/doi/10.1111/dom.15755
• Additional Information: Received: 2024-04-10; Accepted: 2024-06-14; Published: 2024-07-08