Victor Jun Yu Lim
The Isoleucine at Position 118 in Transmembrane 2 Is Responsible for the Selectivity of Xamoterol, Nebivolol, and ICI89406 for the Human β1-Adrenoceptor
Lim, Victor Jun Yu; Proudman, Richard George William; Monteleone, Stefania; Kolb, Peter; Baker, Jillian G.
Authors
Richard George William Proudman
Stefania Monteleone
Peter Kolb
JILLIAN BAKER jillian.baker@nottingham.ac.uk
Professor of Drug Discovery and Respiratory Medicine
Abstract
Known off-target interactions frequently cause predictable drug side-effects (e.g., β1-antagonists used for heart disease, risk β2-mediated bronchospasm). Computer-aided drug design would improve if the structural basis of existing drug selectivity was understood. A mutagenesis approach determined the ligand-amino acid interactions required for β1-selective affinity of xamoterol and nebivolol, followed by computer-based modeling to provide possible structural explanations. 3H-CGP12177 whole cell binding was conducted in Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing human β1, β2, and chimeric β1/β2-adrenoceptors (ARs). Single point mutations were investigated in transiently transfected cells. Modeling studies involved docking ligands into three-dimensional receptor structures and performing molecular dynamics simulations, comparing interaction frequencies between apo and holo structures of β1 and β2-ARs. From these observations, an ICI89406 derivative was investigated that gave further insights into selectivity. Stable cell line studies determined that transmembrane 2 was crucial for the β1-selective affinity of xamoterol and nebivolol. Single point mutations determined that the β1-AR isoleucine (I118) rather than the β2 histidine (H93) explained selectivity. Studies of other β1-ligands found I118 was important for ICI89406 selective affinity but not that for betaxolol, bisoprolol, or esmolol. Modeling studies suggested that the interaction energies and solvation of β1-I118 and β2-H93 are factors determining selectivity of xamoterol and ICI89406. ICI89406 without its phenyl group loses its high β1-AR affinity, resulting in the same affinity as for the β2-AR. The human β1-AR residue I118 is crucial for the β1-selective affinity of xamoterol, nebivolol, and ICI89406 but not all β1-selective compounds. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Some ligands have selective binding affinity for the human β1 versus the β2-adrenoceptor; however, the molecular/structural reason for this is not known. The transmembrane 2 residue isoleucine I118 is responsible for the selective β1-binding of xamoterol, nebivolol, and ICI89406 but does not explain the selective β1-binding of betaxolol, bisoprolol, or esmolol. Understanding the structural basis of selectivity is important to improve computer-aided ligand design, and targeting I118 in β1-adrenoceptors is likely to increase β1-selectivity of drugs.
Citation
Lim, V. J. Y., Proudman, R. G. W., Monteleone, S., Kolb, P., & Baker, J. G. (2023). The Isoleucine at Position 118 in Transmembrane 2 Is Responsible for the Selectivity of Xamoterol, Nebivolol, and ICI89406 for the Human β1-Adrenoceptor. Molecular Pharmacology, 103(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1124/molpharm.122.000583
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Oct 19, 2022 |
Online Publication Date | Jan 19, 2023 |
Publication Date | Feb 1, 2023 |
Deposit Date | Nov 23, 2022 |
Publicly Available Date | Mar 29, 2024 |
Journal | Molecular Pharmacology |
Print ISSN | 0026-895X |
Electronic ISSN | 1521-0111 |
Publisher | American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET) |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 103 |
Issue | 2 |
Pages | 89-99 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1124/molpharm.122.000583 |
Keywords | Pharmacology; Molecular Medicine |
Public URL | https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/13465545 |
Publisher URL | https://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/103/2/89 |
Additional Information | Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY Attribution 4.0 International license. |
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