Professor GURUPRASAD AITHAL's Outputs (59)

Next-generation sequencing of pancreatic cyst wall specimens obtained using Moray micro-forceps for improving diagnostic accuracy (2023)
Preprint / Working Paper
Astbury, S., Baskar, A., Grove, J. I., Kaye, P., Aravinthan, A. D., James, M. W., Clarke, C., Aithal, G. P., & Venkatachalapathy, S. V. Next-generation sequencing of pancreatic cyst wall specimens obtained using Moray micro-forceps for improving diagnostic accuracy

Background and study aims Pancreatic cysts are common incidental findings, with an estimated prevalence of 13-15% in imaging done for other reasons. It is difficult to identify cysts with malignant potential. Diagnosis often relies on collection of c... Read More about Next-generation sequencing of pancreatic cyst wall specimens obtained using Moray micro-forceps for improving diagnostic accuracy.

Plasma Sphingoid Base Profiles of Patients Diagnosed with Intrinsic or Idiosyncratic Drug-induced Liver Injury (2023)
Journal Article
Gai, Z., Samodelov, S. L., Alecu, I., Hornemann, T., Grove, J. I., Aithal, G. P., Visentin, M., & Kullak-Ublick, G. A. (2023). Plasma Sphingoid Base Profiles of Patients Diagnosed with Intrinsic or Idiosyncratic Drug-induced Liver Injury. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(3), Article 3013. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24033013

Sphingolipids are exceptionally diverse, comprising hundreds of unique species. The bulk of circulating sphingolipids are synthesized in the liver, thereby plasma sphingolipid profiles represent reliable surrogates of hepatic sphingolipid metabolism... Read More about Plasma Sphingoid Base Profiles of Patients Diagnosed with Intrinsic or Idiosyncratic Drug-induced Liver Injury.

Extra‐hepatic Morbidity and Mortality in Alcohol‐related Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis (2023)
Journal Article
Theodoreson, M. D., Aithal, G. P., Allison, M., Brahmania, M., Forrest, E., Hagström, H., Johansen, S., Krag, A., Likhitsup, A., Masson, S., McCune, A., Rajoriya, N., Thiele, M., Rowe, I. A., & Parker, R. (2023). Extra‐hepatic Morbidity and Mortality in Alcohol‐related Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis. Liver International, 43(4), 763-772. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.15526

Background
Alcohol use increases the risk of many conditions in addition to liver disease; patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) are therefore at risk from both extra-hepatic and hepatic disease.

Aims
This review synthesises informat... Read More about Extra‐hepatic Morbidity and Mortality in Alcohol‐related Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis.

Risk of liver fibrosis associated with long-term methotrexate therapy may be overestimated (2023)
Journal Article
Atallah, E., Grove, J. I., Crooks, C., Burden-Teh, E., Abhishek, A., Moreea, S., Jordan, K. M., Ala, A., Hutchinson, D., Aspinall, R. J., Murphy, R., & Aithal, G. P. (2023). Risk of liver fibrosis associated with long-term methotrexate therapy may be overestimated. Journal of Hepatology, 78(5), 989-997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2022.12.034

Background & Aims: The risk of significant liver fibrosis from prolonged methotrexate (MTX) exposure has been estimated at around 5%, prompting intensive monitoring strategies. However, the evidence is derived from retrospective studies that under-re... Read More about Risk of liver fibrosis associated with long-term methotrexate therapy may be overestimated.

Assessment of the Frequency, Phenotypes, and Outcomes of Acute Liver Injury Associated with Amoxicillin/Clavulanate in 1.4 Million Patients in the Veterans Health Administration (2022)
Journal Article
Suzuki, A., Tillmann, H., Williams, J., Hauser, R. G., Frund, J., Suzuki, M., Prior, F., Aithal, G. P., Lucena, M. I., Andrade, R. J., Tong, W., & Hunt, C. M. (2023). Assessment of the Frequency, Phenotypes, and Outcomes of Acute Liver Injury Associated with Amoxicillin/Clavulanate in 1.4 Million Patients in the Veterans Health Administration. Drug Safety, 46(2), 129-143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-022-01255-3

Introduction
Drug-induced liver injury is a significant health issue, yet the exposure-based incidence remains to be characterized.

Objective
We aimed to assess the frequency, phenotypes, and outcomes of acute liver injury associated with amoxi... Read More about Assessment of the Frequency, Phenotypes, and Outcomes of Acute Liver Injury Associated with Amoxicillin/Clavulanate in 1.4 Million Patients in the Veterans Health Administration.

Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction (2022)
Journal Article
Bawden, S. J., Hoad, C., Kaye, P., Stephenson, M., Dolman, G., James, M. W., Wilkes, E., Austin, A., Guha, I. N., Francis, S., Gowland, P., & Aithal, G. P. (2023). Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction. Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine, 36(4), 553-563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-022-01052-0

Objective: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides a powerful method of measuring fat fraction. However, previous studies have shown that MRS results give lower values compared with visual estimates from biopsies in fibrotic livers. This study... Read More about Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction.

Diagnostic accuracy of serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in a contemporary unselected medical cohort (2022)
Journal Article
Subhani, M., Sheth, A., Palaniyappan, N., Sugathan, P., Wilkes, E. A., & Aithal, G. P. (2022). Diagnostic accuracy of serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in a contemporary unselected medical cohort. Journal of International Medical Research, 50(11), Article 030006052211403. https://doi.org/10.1177/03000605221140310

Abstract
Objectives
To describe the different aetiologies of ascites and test the validity of serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) and cytology in a contemporary unselected medical cohort.
Methods
All adult patients admitted to Nottingham Univer... Read More about Diagnostic accuracy of serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in a contemporary unselected medical cohort.

Physical activity is inversely associated with hepatic fibro-inflammation: A population-based cohort study using UK Biobank data (2022)
Journal Article
Sherry, A. P., Willis, S. A., Yates, T., Johnson, W., Razieh, C., Sargeant, J. A., Malaikah, S., Stensel, D. J., Aithal, G. P., & King, J. A. (2023). Physical activity is inversely associated with hepatic fibro-inflammation: A population-based cohort study using UK Biobank data. JHEP Reports, 5(1), Article 100622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100622

Background & Aims
Physical activity (PA) is recommended in the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) given its beneficial effects on liver fat and cardiometabolic risk. Using data from the UK Biobank population-cohort, this study e... Read More about Physical activity is inversely associated with hepatic fibro-inflammation: A population-based cohort study using UK Biobank data.

Prognostic non-invasive biomarkers for all-cause mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022)
Journal Article
Cianci, N., Subhani, M., Hill, T., Khanna, A., Zheng, D., Sheth, A., Crooks, C., & Aithal, G. P. (2022). Prognostic non-invasive biomarkers for all-cause mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World Journal of Hepatology, 14(5), 1025-1037. https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v14.i5.1025

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a growing public health concern, with patients having higher risk of morbidity and mortality. It has a considerably high prevalence in the general population, estimated 20%-40% in Europe... Read More about Prognostic non-invasive biomarkers for all-cause mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Corticosteroid plus glycyrrhizin therapy for chronic drug‐ or herb‐induced liver injury achieves biochemical and histological improvements: a randomised open‐label trial (2022)
Journal Article
Wang, J. B., Huang, A., Wang, Y., Ji, D., Liang, Q. S., Zhao, J., Zhou, G., Liu, S., Niu, M., Sun, Y., Tian, H., Teng, G. J., Chang, B. X., Bi, J. F., Peng, X. X., Xin, S., Xie, H., Ma, X., Mao, Y. M., Liangpunsakul, S., …Zou, Z. (2022). Corticosteroid plus glycyrrhizin therapy for chronic drug‐ or herb‐induced liver injury achieves biochemical and histological improvements: a randomised open‐label trial. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 55(10), 1297-1310. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16902

Background
Treatment of chronic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) or herb-induced liver injury(HILI) is an important and unresolved challenge. There is no consensus regarding the indications for corticosteroids for chronic DILI/HILI.

Aims
To inve... Read More about Corticosteroid plus glycyrrhizin therapy for chronic drug‐ or herb‐induced liver injury achieves biochemical and histological improvements: a randomised open‐label trial.

Characterisation of dysplastic liver nodules using low-pass DNA sequencing and detection of chromosome arm-level abnormalities in blood-derived cell-free DNA (2021)
Journal Article
Fateen, W., Johnson, P. J., Wood, H. M., Zhang, H., He, S., El-Meteini, M., Wyatt, J. I., Aithal, G. P., & Quirke, P. (2021). Characterisation of dysplastic liver nodules using low-pass DNA sequencing and detection of chromosome arm-level abnormalities in blood-derived cell-free DNA. Journal of Pathology, 255(1), 30-40. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.5734

High grade dysplasia carries significant risk of transformation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite this, at the current standard of care, all non-malignant hepatic nodules including high grade dysplastic nodules are managed similarly. This is... Read More about Characterisation of dysplastic liver nodules using low-pass DNA sequencing and detection of chromosome arm-level abnormalities in blood-derived cell-free DNA.

Provision and standards of care for treatment and follow-up of patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) (2021)
Journal Article
Gordon, V. M., Adhikary, R., Aithal, G. P., Appleby, V., Das, D., Day, J., Delahooke, T., Dixon, S., Elphick, D., Hardie, C., Heneghan, M., Hoeroldt, B., Hooper, P., Hutchinson, J., Jones, R. L., Khan, F., Metcalf, J., Nkhoma, A., Pelitari, S., Prince, M., …Gleeson, D. (2022). Provision and standards of care for treatment and follow-up of patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH). Frontline Gastroenterology, 13(2), 126-132. https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2020-101661

Background Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a substantial UK health burden, but there is variation in care, facilities and in opinion regarding management. We conducted an audit of service provision and care of patients with AIH in 28 UK hospitals. Meth... Read More about Provision and standards of care for treatment and follow-up of patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH).

Drug Development for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Landscape and Challenges (2019)
Journal Article
Thiagarajan, P., & Aithal, G. P. (2019). Drug Development for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Landscape and Challenges. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology, 9(4), 515-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2019.03.002

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the leading cause of chronic liver disease in industrialized economies. With no licensed treatment currently available, together with a growing prevalence that parallels global increases in obesity and... Read More about Drug Development for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Landscape and Challenges.

Evaluation of laboratory tests for cirrhosis and for alcohol use, in the context of alcoholic cirrhosis (2017)
Journal Article
Whitfield, J. B., Masson, S., Liangpunsakul, S., Hyman, J., Mueller, S., Aithal, G., Eyer, F., Gleeson, D., Thompson, A., Stickel, F., Soyka, M., Daly, A. K., Cordell, H. J., Liang, T., Foroud, T., Lumeng, L., Pirmohamed, M., Nalpas, B., Bence, C., Jacquet, J.-M., …Seth, D. (2018). Evaluation of laboratory tests for cirrhosis and for alcohol use, in the context of alcoholic cirrhosis. Alcohol, 66, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.07.006

Laboratory tests can play an important role in assessment of alcoholic patients, including for evaluation of liver damage and as markers of alcohol intake. Evidence on test performance should lead to better selection of appropriate tests and improved... Read More about Evaluation of laboratory tests for cirrhosis and for alcohol use, in the context of alcoholic cirrhosis.

The detection of oesophageal varices using a novel, disposable, probe-based transnasal endoscope: a prospective diagnostic pilot study (2016)
Journal Article
GUHA, N., Sami, S. S., Ragunath, K., Wilkes, E. A., James, M., Mansilla‐Vivar, R., Ortiz‐Fernández‐Sordo, J., White, J., Khanna, A., Coletta, M., Samuel, S., & Aithal, G. P. (2016). The detection of oesophageal varices using a novel, disposable, probe-based transnasal endoscope: a prospective diagnostic pilot study. Liver International, 36(11), 1639-1648. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.13152

Background & Aims
Screening for oesophageal varices (OV) using conventional oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (C-OGD) is invasive and requires costly monitoring, recovery, and decontamination facilities. We aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility, acc... Read More about The detection of oesophageal varices using a novel, disposable, probe-based transnasal endoscope: a prospective diagnostic pilot study.

Prevalence and natural history of histologically proven chronic liver disease in a longitudinal cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes (2014)
Journal Article
Harman, D., Harris, R., Aithal, G., Kaye, P., Suzuki, A., & Gazis, A. (2014). Prevalence and natural history of histologically proven chronic liver disease in a longitudinal cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes. Hepatology, 60(1), 158-168. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.27098

Although a higher prevalence of raised liver enzymes and altered echotexture on ultrasound have been reported in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the histological spectrum and natural history of chronic liver disease (CLD) in T1DM is un... Read More about Prevalence and natural history of histologically proven chronic liver disease in a longitudinal cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes.

Efficacy, safety, and predictive factors for a positive yield of EUS-guided Trucut biopsy: a large tertiary referral center experience (2009)
Journal Article
T, T., PV, K., K, R., & G, A. (2009). Efficacy, safety, and predictive factors for a positive yield of EUS-guided Trucut biopsy: a large tertiary referral center experience. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 104(3), 582-591. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2008.97

OBJECTIVES:
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided trucut biopsy (EUS-TCB) technique has the advantage of obtaining tissue for histological examination rather than for cytology alone. However, the diagnostic yield may depend on factors related to both techni... Read More about Efficacy, safety, and predictive factors for a positive yield of EUS-guided Trucut biopsy: a large tertiary referral center experience.

Influence of ursodeoxycholic acid on the mortality and malignancy associated with primary biliary cirrhosis: A population-based cohort study (2007)
Journal Article
Jackson, H., Solaymani-Dodaran, M., Card, T. R., Aithal, G. P., Logan, R., & West, J. (2007). Influence of ursodeoxycholic acid on the mortality and malignancy associated with primary biliary cirrhosis: A population-based cohort study. Hepatology, 46(4), 1131-1137. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.21795

There is debate over the mortality and malignancy risk in people with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and whether this risk is reduced by use of ursodeoxycholic acid. To investigate this issue, we identified 930 people with PBC and 9,202 control subj... Read More about Influence of ursodeoxycholic acid on the mortality and malignancy associated with primary biliary cirrhosis: A population-based cohort study.

Fracture Risk in People With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study (2006)
Journal Article
Solaymani–Dodaran, M., Card, T. R., Aithal, G. P., & West, J. (2006). Fracture Risk in People With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Gastroenterology, 131(6), 1752-1757. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.012

Background & Aims: Controversy exists as to whether people with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis and the extent to which this may translate into an increased risk of fracture. We have performed a coh... Read More about Fracture Risk in People With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study.