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The Role of Stem Cells as Therapeutics for Ischaemic Stroke (2024)
Journal Article
Ya, J., Pellumbaj, J., Hashmat, A., & Bayraktutan, U. (2024). The Role of Stem Cells as Therapeutics for Ischaemic Stroke. Cells, 13(2), Article 112. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13020112

Stroke remains one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Current reperfusion treatments for ischaemic stroke are limited due to their narrow therapeutic window in rescuing ischaemic penumbra. Stem cell therapy offers a promising al... Read More about The Role of Stem Cells as Therapeutics for Ischaemic Stroke.

Analysis of endothelial progenitor cell subtypes as clinical biomarkers for elderly patients with ischaemic stroke (2023)
Journal Article
Kadir, R. R. A., Rakkar, K., Othman, O. A., Sprigg, N., Bath, P. M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2023). Analysis of endothelial progenitor cell subtypes as clinical biomarkers for elderly patients with ischaemic stroke. Scientific Reports, 13, Article 21843. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48907-7

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), expressing markers for stemness (CD34), immaturity (CD133) and endothelial maturity (KDR), may determine the extent of post-stroke vascular repair. Given the prevalence of stroke in elderly, this study explored wh... Read More about Analysis of endothelial progenitor cell subtypes as clinical biomarkers for elderly patients with ischaemic stroke.

Analysis of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Subtypes as Clinical Biomarkers for Elderly Patients with Ischaemic Stroke (2023)
Journal Article
ABDULKADIR, R., RAKKAR, K., OTHMAN, O., SPRIGG, N., BATH, P., & BAYRAKTUTAN, U. (2023). Analysis of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Subtypes as Clinical Biomarkers for Elderly Patients with Ischaemic Stroke. Scientific Reports, 13, Article 21843. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48907-7

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), expressing markers for stemness (CD34), immaturity (CD133) and endothelial maturity (KDR), may determine the extent of post-stroke vascular repair. Given the prevalence of stroke in elderly, this study explored wh... Read More about Analysis of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Subtypes as Clinical Biomarkers for Elderly Patients with Ischaemic Stroke.

Cerebral edema in intracerebral hemorrhage: pathogenesis, natural history, and potential treatments from translation to clinical trials (2023)
Journal Article
Krishnan, K., Campos, P. B., Nguyen, T. N., Tan, C. W., Chan, S. L., Appleton, J. P., …Bath, P. M. (2023). Cerebral edema in intracerebral hemorrhage: pathogenesis, natural history, and potential treatments from translation to clinical trials. Frontiers in Stroke, 2, Article 1256664. https://doi.org/10.3389/fstro.2023.1256664

Acute intracerebral hemorrhage is the most devastating stroke subtype and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Poor prognosis is associated with primary brain injury from the presenting hematoma, and despite advances in clinical tr... Read More about Cerebral edema in intracerebral hemorrhage: pathogenesis, natural history, and potential treatments from translation to clinical trials.

Vascular Ageing: Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies (2023)
Journal Article
Ya, J., & Bayraktutan, U. (2023). Vascular Ageing: Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(14), Article 11538. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411538

Ageing constitutes the biggest risk factor for poor health and adversely affects the integrity and function of all the cells, tissues, and organs in the human body. Vascular ageing, characterised by vascular stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, increa... Read More about Vascular Ageing: Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies.

TNF-α evokes blood-brain barrier dysfunction through activation of Rho-kinase and neurokinin 1 receptor (2023)
Journal Article
Gao, X., & Bayraktutan, U. (2023). TNF-α evokes blood-brain barrier dysfunction through activation of Rho-kinase and neurokinin 1 receptor. Immunobiology, 228(5), Article 152706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152706

Ischaemic stroke, accompanied by neuroinflammation, impairs blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity through a complex mechanism involving activation of both RhoA/Rho kinase/myosin light chain-2 and neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R). Using an in vitro model of... Read More about TNF-α evokes blood-brain barrier dysfunction through activation of Rho-kinase and neurokinin 1 receptor.

Substance P reversibly compromises the integrity and function of blood-brain barrier (2023)
Journal Article
Gao, X., & Bayraktutan, U. (2023). Substance P reversibly compromises the integrity and function of blood-brain barrier. Peptides, 167, Article 171048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171048

Background Substance P (SP) plays a role in vasodilatation and tissue integrity through its receptor, neurokinin 1 (NK1R). However, its specific effect on blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains unknown. Methods The impact of SP on the integrity/funct... Read More about Substance P reversibly compromises the integrity and function of blood-brain barrier.

Evaluation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Characteristics as Clinical Biomarkers for Elderly Patients with Ischaemic Stroke (2023)
Journal Article
Rakkar, K., Othman, O. A., Sprigg, N., Bath, P. M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2023). Evaluation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Characteristics as Clinical Biomarkers for Elderly Patients with Ischaemic Stroke. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 19(6), 1856-1869. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-023-10544-y

Ageing impairs endothelial function and predisposes the person to ischaemic stroke (IS). Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) repair endothelial damage and induce post-ischaemic neovascularisation. Given the prevalence of IS in older population, this... Read More about Evaluation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Characteristics as Clinical Biomarkers for Elderly Patients with Ischaemic Stroke.

SVOA Neurology Sera from Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Relapse or Remission Affect the Blood-Brain Barrier Differently: An In vitro Study (2022)
Journal Article
Mathur, M., Gran, B., Tanasescu, R., Constantinescu, C. S., Bayraktutan, U., & Bayraktutan, U. (2022). SVOA Neurology Sera from Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Relapse or Remission Affect the Blood-Brain Barrier Differently: An In vitro Study. SVOA Neurology, 3(5), 208-213

Background: Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) constitutes a key step in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Aims: To investigate whether sera from MS patients in relapse or in remission may differently affect the BBB function and... Read More about SVOA Neurology Sera from Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Relapse or Remission Affect the Blood-Brain Barrier Differently: An In vitro Study.

Outgrowth Endothelial Cell Conditioned Medium Negates TNF-α-Evoked Cerebral Barrier Damage: A Reverse Translational Research to Explore Mechanisms (2022)
Journal Article
Kadir, R. R. A., Alwjwaj, M., Rakkar, K., Othman, O. A., Sprigg, N., Bath, P. M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2022). Outgrowth Endothelial Cell Conditioned Medium Negates TNF-α-Evoked Cerebral Barrier Damage: A Reverse Translational Research to Explore Mechanisms. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-022-10439-4

Improved understanding of the key mechanisms underlying cerebral ischemic injury is essential for the discovery of efficacious novel therapeutics for stroke. Through detailed analysis of plasma samples obtained from a large number of healthy voluntee... Read More about Outgrowth Endothelial Cell Conditioned Medium Negates TNF-α-Evoked Cerebral Barrier Damage: A Reverse Translational Research to Explore Mechanisms.

Delay of endothelial cell senescence protects cerebral barrier against age-related dysfunction: role of senolytics and senomorphics (2022)
Journal Article
Ya, J., Reskiawan, R., Kadir, R. R. A., & Bayraktutan, U. (2023). Delay of endothelial cell senescence protects cerebral barrier against age-related dysfunction: role of senolytics and senomorphics. Tissue Barriers, 11(3), Article 2103353. https://doi.org/10.1080/21688370.2022.2103353

Accumulation of senescent cells in cerebrovasculature is thought to play an important role in age-related disruption of blood–brain barrier (BBB). Using an in vitro model of human BBB, composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), astroc... Read More about Delay of endothelial cell senescence protects cerebral barrier against age-related dysfunction: role of senolytics and senomorphics.

Protein kinase C-β distinctly regulates blood-brain barrier-forming capacity of Brain Microvascular endothelial cells and outgrowth endothelial cells (2022)
Journal Article
Kadir, R. R. A., Alwjwaj, M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2022). Protein kinase C-β distinctly regulates blood-brain barrier-forming capacity of Brain Microvascular endothelial cells and outgrowth endothelial cells. Metabolic Brain Disease, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-022-01041-1

Outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) provide an endogenous repair mechanism and thus maintain endothelial barrier integrity. As inhibition of protein kinase C-β (PKC-β) activity has been shown to attenuate endothelial damage in various pathological con... Read More about Protein kinase C-β distinctly regulates blood-brain barrier-forming capacity of Brain Microvascular endothelial cells and outgrowth endothelial cells.

Inhibition of oxidative stress delays senescence and augments functional capacity of endothelial progenitor cells (2022)
Journal Article
Reskiawan A. Kadir, R., Alwjwaj, M., Ahmad Othman, O., Rakkar, K., Sprigg, N., Bath, P. M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2022). Inhibition of oxidative stress delays senescence and augments functional capacity of endothelial progenitor cells. Brain Research, 1787, Article 147925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147925

Ageing is characterised by a progressive loss of vascular endothelial function and integrity. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an integral role in endothelial regeneration but are prone to age-dependent changes which may accelerate their sene... Read More about Inhibition of oxidative stress delays senescence and augments functional capacity of endothelial progenitor cells.

Outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells restore cerebral barrier function following ischaemic damage: the impact of NOX2 inhibition (2022)
Journal Article
Alwjwaj, M., Kadir, R. R. A., & Bayraktutan, U. (2022). Outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells restore cerebral barrier function following ischaemic damage: the impact of NOX2 inhibition. European Journal of Neuroscience, 55(6), 1658-1670. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.15627

Disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB), formed mainly by human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs), constitutes the major cause of mortality following ischaemic stroke. This study investigates whether OECs (outgrowth endothelial cells) ca... Read More about Outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells restore cerebral barrier function following ischaemic damage: the impact of NOX2 inhibition.

Treatment with outgrowth endothelial cells protects cerebral barrier against ischemic injury (2022)
Journal Article
Kadir, R. R. A., Alwjwaj, M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2022). Treatment with outgrowth endothelial cells protects cerebral barrier against ischemic injury. Cytotherapy, 24(5), 489-499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.11.005

Background and aims: We have previously reported that outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) restore cerebral endothelial cell integrity through effective homing to the injury site. This study further investigates whether treatment with OECs can restore... Read More about Treatment with outgrowth endothelial cells protects cerebral barrier against ischemic injury.

Prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic potential of endothelial progenitor cells for patients with ischaemic stroke: Hype or Hope (2022)
Journal Article
Bayraktutan, U. (2022). Prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic potential of endothelial progenitor cells for patients with ischaemic stroke: Hype or Hope. Biocell, 46(7), 1593-1598. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2022.018679

Ischaemic stroke is a debilitating disease with immense personal, societal and economic impact. Thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator remains the only approved pharmacotherapy for this disease. As each year less than 1% of eligib... Read More about Prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic potential of endothelial progenitor cells for patients with ischaemic stroke: Hype or Hope.

Therapeutic hypothermia augments the restorative effects of PKC-β and Nox2 inhibition on an in vitro model of human blood–brain barrier (2021)
Journal Article
Kadir, R. R. A., Alwjwaj, M., McCarthy, Z., & Bayraktutan, U. (2021). Therapeutic hypothermia augments the restorative effects of PKC-β and Nox2 inhibition on an in vitro model of human blood–brain barrier. Metabolic Brain Disease, 36(7), 1817-1832. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-021-00810-8

To investigate whether therapeutic hypothermia augments the restorative impact of protein kinase C-β (PKC-β) and Nox2 inhibition on an in vitro model of human blood–brain barrier (BBB). Cells cultured in normoglycaemic (5.5mM) or hyperglycaemic (25mM... Read More about Therapeutic hypothermia augments the restorative effects of PKC-β and Nox2 inhibition on an in vitro model of human blood–brain barrier.

The secretome of endothelial progenitor cells: a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke (2021)
Journal Article
Alwjwaj, M., Kadir, R. R. A., & Bayraktutan, U. (2021). The secretome of endothelial progenitor cells: a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Neural Regeneration Research, 16(8), 1483-1489. https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.303012

Ischemic stroke continues to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. Despite recent advances in the field of stroke medicine, thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator remains as the only pharmacological therapy f... Read More about The secretome of endothelial progenitor cells: a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.

MicroRNA: An Emerging Predictive, Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Strategy in Ischaemic Stroke (2020)
Journal Article
Kadir, R. R. A., Alwjwaj, M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2020). MicroRNA: An Emerging Predictive, Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Strategy in Ischaemic Stroke. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-020-01028-5

Stroke continues to be the third-leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The limited availability of diagnostic tools approved therapeutics and biomarkers that help monitor disease progression or predict future events remain as the major cha... Read More about MicroRNA: An Emerging Predictive, Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Strategy in Ischaemic Stroke.

Elevated plasminogen activators are associated with hematoma progression in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (2020)
Journal Article
Law, Z. K., Desborough, M., Rakkar, K., Bath, P. M., Bayraktutan, U., & Sprigg, N. (2020). Elevated plasminogen activators are associated with hematoma progression in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain Hemorrhages, 1(1), 75-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2019.12.001

Endogenous fibrinolysis might lead to hematoma progression in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We studied plasma biomarkers of fibrinolysis and hemostasis in twenty-two patients with ICH and nine healthy controls (HC) in a single-center st... Read More about Elevated plasminogen activators are associated with hematoma progression in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Endothelial progenitor cells, potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of ischemic stroke: protocol for an observational case-control study (2020)
Journal Article
Othman, O., Rakkar, K., Sprigg, N., Bath, P., & Bayraktutan, U. (2020). Endothelial progenitor cells, potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of ischemic stroke: protocol for an observational case-control study. Neural Regeneration Research, 15(7), 1300-1307. https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.269028

Ischemic stroke is a devastating, life altering event which can severely reduce patient quality of life. Despite years of research there have been minimal therapeutic advances. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), stem cells involved in both vasculog... Read More about Endothelial progenitor cells, potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of ischemic stroke: protocol for an observational case-control study.

Outgrowth endothelial cells form a functional cerebral barrier and restore its integrity after damage (2019)
Journal Article
Bayraktutan, U., Abdulkadir, R., Alwjwaj, M., Othman, O., & Rakkar, K. (2020). Outgrowth endothelial cells form a functional cerebral barrier and restore its integrity after damage. Neural Regeneration Research, 15(6), 1071-1078. https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.269029

Breakdown of blood-brain barrier, formed mainly by brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), represents the major cause of mortality during early phases of ischemic strokes. Hence, discovery of novel agents that can effectively replace dead or d... Read More about Outgrowth endothelial cells form a functional cerebral barrier and restore its integrity after damage.

Urokinase Plasminogen Activator: A Potential Thrombolytic Agent for Ischaemic Stroke (2019)
Journal Article
Kadir, R. R. A., & Bayraktutan, U. (2019). Urokinase Plasminogen Activator: A Potential Thrombolytic Agent for Ischaemic Stroke. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 40, 347-355. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-019-00737-w

Stroke continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Restoration of cerebral blood flow by recombinant plasminogen activator (rtPA) with or without mechanical thrombectomy is considered the most effective therapy for... Read More about Urokinase Plasminogen Activator: A Potential Thrombolytic Agent for Ischaemic Stroke.

Endothelial progenitor cells: Potential novel therapeutics for ischaemic stroke (2019)
Journal Article
Bayraktutan, U. (2019). Endothelial progenitor cells: Potential novel therapeutics for ischaemic stroke. Pharmacological Research, 144, 181-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2019.04.017

Stroke is classified into two main groups depending on its aetiology; ischaemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke which successively develop from the occlusion or rupture of an artery leading to the brain. Despite being the leading cause of human cerebr... Read More about Endothelial progenitor cells: Potential novel therapeutics for ischaemic stroke.

Suppression of PKC-α attenuates TNF-α-evoked cerebral barrier breakdown via regulations of MMP-2 and plasminogen–plasmin system (2016)
Journal Article
Abdullah, Z., & Bayraktutan, U. (2016). Suppression of PKC-α attenuates TNF-α-evoked cerebral barrier breakdown via regulations of MMP-2 and plasminogen–plasmin system. BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease, 1862(7), 1354-1366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.03.014

Ischaemic stroke, accompanied by neuroinflammation, impairs blood-brain barrier integrity through a complex mechanism involving both protein kinase C (PKC) and urokinase. Using an in vitro model of human blood-brain barrier (BBB) composed of brain mi... Read More about Suppression of PKC-α attenuates TNF-α-evoked cerebral barrier breakdown via regulations of MMP-2 and plasminogen–plasmin system.

Inhibition of TNF-? protects in vitro brain barrier from ischaemic damage (2015)
Journal Article
Abdullah, Z., Rakkar, K., Bath, P. M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2015). Inhibition of TNF-? protects in vitro brain barrier from ischaemic damage. Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2015.11.003

Cerebral ischaemia, associated with neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, is known to perturb blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity and promote brain oedema formation. Using an in vitro model of human BBB composed of brain microvascular endothelial c... Read More about Inhibition of TNF-? protects in vitro brain barrier from ischaemic damage.

Increases in intracellular calcium perturb blood–brain barrier via protein kinase C-alpha and apoptosis (2015)
Journal Article
Rakkar, K., & Bayraktutan, U. (2016). Increases in intracellular calcium perturb blood–brain barrier via protein kinase C-alpha and apoptosis. BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease, 1862(1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.10.016

An increase in intracellular calcium represents one of the early events during an ischaemic stroke. It triggers many downstream processes which promote the formation of brain oedema, the leading cause of death after an ischaemic stroke. As impairment... Read More about Increases in intracellular calcium perturb blood–brain barrier via protein kinase C-alpha and apoptosis.

NADPH oxidase mediates TNF-?-evoked in vitro brain barrier dysfunction: roles of apoptosis and time (2014)
Journal Article
Abdullah, Z., & Bayraktutan, U. (2014). NADPH oxidase mediates TNF-?-evoked in vitro brain barrier dysfunction: roles of apoptosis and time. Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 61, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2014.06.002

The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α severely perturbs the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). This study explored the specific roles of NADPH oxidase and associated downstream effectors by using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HB... Read More about NADPH oxidase mediates TNF-?-evoked in vitro brain barrier dysfunction: roles of apoptosis and time.

Attenuation of urokinase activity during experimental ischaemia protects the cerebral barrier from damage through regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and NAD(P)H oxidase (2014)
Journal Article
Rakkar, K., Srivastava, K., & Bayraktutan, U. (2014). Attenuation of urokinase activity during experimental ischaemia protects the cerebral barrier from damage through regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and NAD(P)H oxidase. European Journal of Neuroscience, 39(12), https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.12552

Ischaemic injury impairs the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we investigated the molecular causes of this defect with regard to the putative correlations among NAD(P)H oxidase, plasminogen–plasmin system components, and mat... Read More about Attenuation of urokinase activity during experimental ischaemia protects the cerebral barrier from damage through regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and NAD(P)H oxidase.

Inhibition of Rho-kinase protects cerebral barrier from ischaemia-evoked injury through modulations of endothelial cell oxidative stress and tight junctions (2014)
Journal Article
Gibson, C. L., Srivastava, K., Sprigg, N., Bath, P. M., & Bayrakutan, U. (in press). Inhibition of Rho-kinase protects cerebral barrier from ischaemia-evoked injury through modulations of endothelial cell oxidative stress and tight junctions. Journal of Neurochemistry, 129(5), https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.12681

Ischaemic strokes evoke blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and oedema formation through a series of mechanisms involving Rho-kinase activation. Using an animal model of human focal cerebral ischaemia, this study assessed and confirmed the therapeut... Read More about Inhibition of Rho-kinase protects cerebral barrier from ischaemia-evoked injury through modulations of endothelial cell oxidative stress and tight junctions.

Hyperglycaemia promotes cerebral barrier dysfunction through activation of protein kinase C-? (2013)
Journal Article
Shao, B., & Bayraktutan, U. (2013). Hyperglycaemia promotes cerebral barrier dysfunction through activation of protein kinase C-?. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 15(11), 993-999. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12120

Aim: To examine whether protein kinase C (PKC) and associated downstream mechanisms are involved in hyperglycaemia (HG)-evoked blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. Methods: The activities of total PKC (Peptag assay), NADPH oxidase (lucigenin assay) and... Read More about Hyperglycaemia promotes cerebral barrier dysfunction through activation of protein kinase C-?.

Antioxidants attenuate hyperglycaemia-mediated brain endothelial cell dysfunction and blood–brain barrier hyperpermeability (2009)
Journal Article
Allen, C., & Bayraktutan, U. (2009). Antioxidants attenuate hyperglycaemia-mediated brain endothelial cell dysfunction and blood–brain barrier hyperpermeability. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 11(5), https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00987.x

Aims: Hyperglycaemia (HG), in stroke patients, is associated with worse neurological outcome by compromising endothelial cell function and the blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity. We have studied the contribution of HG-mediated generation of oxidati... Read More about Antioxidants attenuate hyperglycaemia-mediated brain endothelial cell dysfunction and blood–brain barrier hyperpermeability.

Internal mammary artery smooth muscle cells resist migration and possess high antioxidant capacity (2006)
Journal Article
Mahadevan, V., Campbell, M., McKeown, P., & Bayraktutan, U. (2006). Internal mammary artery smooth muscle cells resist migration and possess high antioxidant capacity. Cardiovascular Research, 72,

Objective- This study investigated whether differences exist in atherogen-induced migratory behaviors and basal antioxidant enzyme capacity of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from human coronary (CA) and internal mammary (IMA) arteries. Methods-... Read More about Internal mammary artery smooth muscle cells resist migration and possess high antioxidant capacity.

High glucose mediates prooxidant and antioxidant enzyme activities in coronary endothelial cells (2004)
Journal Article
Bayraktutan, U., Weidig, P., McMaster, D., & Ulker, S. (2004). High glucose mediates prooxidant and antioxidant enzyme activities in coronary endothelial cells

Objective: Excess levels of free radicals such as nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2-)are associated with the pathogenesis of endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to investigate the underlying causes of o... Read More about High glucose mediates prooxidant and antioxidant enzyme activities in coronary endothelial cells.

Nitric oxide synthase and NAD(P)H oxidase modulate coronary endothelial cell growth (2004)
Journal Article
Bayraktutan, U. (2004). Nitric oxide synthase and NAD(P)H oxidase modulate coronary endothelial cell growth. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 36,

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2-) are associated with cell migration, proliferation and many growth-related diseases. The objective of this study was to determine whether there was a reciprocal relat... Read More about Nitric oxide synthase and NAD(P)H oxidase modulate coronary endothelial cell growth.

Vitamins Reverse Endothelial Dysfunction Through Regulation of eNOS and NAD(P)H Oxidase Activities (2003)
Journal Article
Ulker, S., McKeown, P., & Bayraktutan, U. (2003). Vitamins Reverse Endothelial Dysfunction Through Regulation of eNOS and NAD(P)H Oxidase Activities. Hypertension, 41,

Antioxidant vitamins C and E have protective properties in genetic hypertension associated with enhanced oxidative stress. This study investigated whether vitamins C and/or E modulate vascular function by regulating enzymatic activities of endothel... Read More about Vitamins Reverse Endothelial Dysfunction Through Regulation of eNOS and NAD(P)H Oxidase Activities.

Molecular Characterization and Localization of the NAD(P)H Oxidase Components gp91-phox and p22-phox in Endothelial Cells (2000)
Journal Article
Bayraktutan, U., Blayney, L., & Shah, A. (2000). Molecular Characterization and Localization of the NAD(P)H Oxidase Components gp91-phox and p22-phox in Endothelial Cells

The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within endothelial cells may have several effects, including alterations in the activity of paracrine factors, gene expression, apoptosis, and cellular injury. Recent studies indicate that a phagocyte... Read More about Molecular Characterization and Localization of the NAD(P)H Oxidase Components gp91-phox and p22-phox in Endothelial Cells.