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Professor JOE KAI's Outputs (53)

Sex, Age, and Socioeconomic Differences in Nonfatal Stroke Incidence and Subsequent Major Adverse Outcomes (2021)
Journal Article
Akyea, R. K., Vinogradova, Y., Qureshi, N., Patel, R. S., Kontopantelis, E., Ntaios, G., Asselbergs, F. W., Kai, J., & Weng, S. F. (2021). Sex, Age, and Socioeconomic Differences in Nonfatal Stroke Incidence and Subsequent Major Adverse Outcomes. Stroke, 52(2), 396-405. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.120.031659

Background and Purpose:
Data about variations in stroke incidence and subsequent major adverse outcomes are essential to inform secondary prevention and prioritizing resources to those at the greatest risk of major adverse end points. We aimed to de... Read More about Sex, Age, and Socioeconomic Differences in Nonfatal Stroke Incidence and Subsequent Major Adverse Outcomes.

Test‐guided dietary management of eczema in children: A randomized controlled feasibility trial (TEST) (2021)
Journal Article
Ridd, M. J., Webb, D., Roberts, K., Santer, M., Chalmers, J. R., Gilbertson, A., Marriage, D., Blair, P. S., Turner, N. L., Garfield, K., Coast, J., Selman, L. E., Clement, C., Shaw, A. R., Muller, I., Waddell, L., Angier, E., Taylor, J., Kai, J., & Boyle, R. J. (2021). Test‐guided dietary management of eczema in children: A randomized controlled feasibility trial (TEST). Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 51(3), 452-462. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13816

Background
Parents commonly ask about food allergy tests, to find a cause for their child's eczema, yet the value of routine testing is uncertain.

Objective
To determine whether a clinical trial comparing test‐guided dietary advice versus usual... Read More about Test‐guided dietary management of eczema in children: A randomized controlled feasibility trial (TEST).

Sex differences in cardiovascular morbidity associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia: A retrospective cohort study of the UK Simon Broome register linked to national hospital records (2020)
Journal Article
Iyen, B., Qureshi, N., Weng, S., Roderick, P., Kai, J., Capps, N., Durrington, P. N., McDowell, I. F., Soran, H., Neil, A., & Humphries, S. E. (2020). Sex differences in cardiovascular morbidity associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia: A retrospective cohort study of the UK Simon Broome register linked to national hospital records. Atherosclerosis, 315, 131-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.895

Background and aims: The UK Simon Broome (SB) familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) register previously reported 3-fold higher standardised mortality ratio for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women compared to men from 2009 to 2015. Here we examined se... Read More about Sex differences in cardiovascular morbidity associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia: A retrospective cohort study of the UK Simon Broome register linked to national hospital records.

An interview study of the experiences of cellulitis diagnosis amongst health care professionals (2020)
Journal Article
Patel, M., Ing Lee, S., Levell, N. J., Smart, P., Kai, J., Thomas, K. S., & Leighton, P. (2020). An interview study of the experiences of cellulitis diagnosis amongst health care professionals. BMJ Open, 10(10), Article e034692. https://doi.org/10.1136/+bmjopen-2019-034692

Objectives: To explore healthcare professionals (HCPs) experiences and challenges in diagnosing suspected lower limb cellulitis.

Setting: UK nationwide.

Participants: 20 qualified HCPs, who had a minimum of 2 years clinical experience as an HCP... Read More about An interview study of the experiences of cellulitis diagnosis amongst health care professionals.

Characteristics predicting recommendation for familial breast cancer referral in a cohort of women from primary care (2020)
Journal Article
Lee, S. I., Kai, J., Qureshi, N., Dutton, B., & Weng, S. (2020). Characteristics predicting recommendation for familial breast cancer referral in a cohort of women from primary care. Journal of Community Genetics, 11, 331–338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-020-00452-w

© 2020, The Author(s). Family history of breast and related cancers can indicate increased breast cancer (BC) risk. In national familial breast cancer (FBC) guidelines, the risk is stratified to guide referral decisions. We aimed to identify characte... Read More about Characteristics predicting recommendation for familial breast cancer referral in a cohort of women from primary care.

Educational weight loss interventions in obese and overweight adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (2019)
Journal Article
Maula, A., Kai, J., Woolley, A. K., Weng, S., Dhalwani, N., Griffiths, F., Khunti, K., & Kendrick, D. (2020). Educational weight loss interventions in obese and overweight adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetic Medicine, 73(4), 623-635. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14193

Introduction: The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing with most individuals being overweight or obese. Weight loss can reduce disease-related morbidity and mortality, and weight losses of 10-15Kg have been shown to... Read More about Educational weight loss interventions in obese and overweight adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Confidence of recurrent cellulitis self-diagnosis among people with lymphoedema: a qualitative interview study (2019)
Journal Article
Patel, M., Lee, S. I., Levell, N. J., Smart, P., Kai, J., Thomas, K. S., & Leighton, P. (2020). Confidence of recurrent cellulitis self-diagnosis among people with lymphoedema: a qualitative interview study. British Journal of General Practice, 70(691), e130-e137. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19X707909

© British Journal of General Practice 2020. BACKGROUND: Cellulitis can sometimes be challenging for healthcare professionals to diagnose, with no validated diagnostic criteria available. Supporting healthcare professionals to make a more accurate dia... Read More about Confidence of recurrent cellulitis self-diagnosis among people with lymphoedema: a qualitative interview study.

Metronidazole versus lactic acid for treating bacterial vaginosis (VITA): protocol for a randomised controlled trial to assess the clinical and cost effectiveness of topical lactic acid gel for treating second and subsequent episodes of bacterial vaginosis (2019)
Journal Article
Armstrong-Buisseret, L., Brittain, C., David, M., Dean, G., Griffiths, F., Hepburn, T., Jackson, L., Kai, J., Montgomery, A., Roberts, T., Thandi, S., & Ross, J. D. (2019). Metronidazole versus lactic acid for treating bacterial vaginosis (VITA): protocol for a randomised controlled trial to assess the clinical and cost effectiveness of topical lactic acid gel for treating second and subsequent episodes of bacterial vaginosis. Trials, 20, Article 648. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3731-7

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) affects 30 – 50% of women at some time in their lives and is an embarrassing and distressing condition which can be associated with potentially serious comorbidities. Current antibiotic treatments such as metronid... Read More about Metronidazole versus lactic acid for treating bacterial vaginosis (VITA): protocol for a randomised controlled trial to assess the clinical and cost effectiveness of topical lactic acid gel for treating second and subsequent episodes of bacterial vaginosis.

Users’ experiences of a pragmatic diabetes prevention intervention implemented in primary care: Qualitative study (2019)
Journal Article
Aujla, N., Yates, T., Dallosso, H., & Kai, J. (2019). Users’ experiences of a pragmatic diabetes prevention intervention implemented in primary care: Qualitative study. BMJ Open, 9(8), Article e028491. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028491

Objectives: To explore service-user and provider experience of the acceptability and feasibility of the Let’s Prevent Diabetes programme, a pragmatic six-hour behavioural intervention using structured group education, introduced into primary care pra... Read More about Users’ experiences of a pragmatic diabetes prevention intervention implemented in primary care: Qualitative study.

The red leg dilemma: a scoping review of the challenges of diagnosing lower limb cellulitis (2018)
Journal Article
Patel, M., Kai, J., Lee, S., & Thomas, K. (2019). The red leg dilemma: a scoping review of the challenges of diagnosing lower limb cellulitis. British Journal of Dermatology, 180(5), 993-1000. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.17415

Background: Suspected lower limb cellulitis presentations are commonly misdiagnoses, resulting in avoidable antibiotic prescribing or hospital admissions. Understanding the challenges posed in diagnosing cellulitis may help enhance future care.

Ob... Read More about The red leg dilemma: a scoping review of the challenges of diagnosing lower limb cellulitis.

Improving identification & management of familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: pre- and post-intervention study (2018)
Journal Article
Weng, S., Kai, J., Tranter, J., Leonardi-Bee, J., & Qureshi, N. (2018). Improving identification & management of familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: pre- and post-intervention study. Atherosclerosis, 274, 54-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.04.037

Background and Aims: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a major cause of premature heart disease but remains unrecognised in most patients. This study investigated if a systematic primary care-based approach to identify and manage possible FH imp... Read More about Improving identification & management of familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: pre- and post-intervention study.

Strategies for identifying familial hypercholesterolaemia in non-specialist clinical settings (2018)
Journal Article
Qureshi, N., Weng, S. F., Tranter, J. A., Da Silva, M. L., Kai, J., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2018). Strategies for identifying familial hypercholesterolaemia in non-specialist clinical settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012985

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows:

The purpose of this review is to assess the effectiveness of interventions to systematically improve identification of FH in non-specialist settings compared t... Read More about Strategies for identifying familial hypercholesterolaemia in non-specialist clinical settings.

Can machine-learning improve cardiovascular risk prediction using routine clinical data (2017)
Journal Article
Weng, S. F., Reps, J. M., Kai, J., Garibaldi, J. M., & Quereshi, N. (2017). Can machine-learning improve cardiovascular risk prediction using routine clinical data. PLoS ONE, 12(4), Article e0174944. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174944

Background
Current approaches to predict cardiovascular risk fail to identify many people who would benefit from preventive treatment, while others receive unnecessary intervention. Machine-learning offers opportunity to improve accuracy by exploiti... Read More about Can machine-learning improve cardiovascular risk prediction using routine clinical data.

Venous thromboembolism in adults screened for Sickle Cell Trait: a population based cohort study with nested case-control analysis (2017)
Journal Article
Little, I., Vinogradova, Y., Orton, E., Kai, J., & Qureshi, N. (2017). Venous thromboembolism in adults screened for Sickle Cell Trait: a population based cohort study with nested case-control analysis. BMJ Open, 7(3), Article e012665. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012665

Objective: To determine whether sickle cell carriers (‘sickle cell trait’) have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).


Design: Cohort study with nested case-control analysis.
Setting: General population with data from 609 UK gener... Read More about Venous thromboembolism in adults screened for Sickle Cell Trait: a population based cohort study with nested case-control analysis.

Usual medical treatments or levonorgestrel-IUS for women with heavy menstrual bleeding: long-term ranomised pragmatic trial in primary care (2016)
Journal Article
Kai, J., Middleton, L., Daniels, J., Pattison, H., Tryposkiadis, K., & Gupta, J. (in press). Usual medical treatments or levonorgestrel-IUS for women with heavy menstrual bleeding: long-term ranomised pragmatic trial in primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 66(653), Article e861-e870. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X687577

Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common, chronic problem burdening women and health services. However long-term evidence on treatment in primary care is lacking.

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of commencing levonorgestrel intra-ut... Read More about Usual medical treatments or levonorgestrel-IUS for women with heavy menstrual bleeding: long-term ranomised pragmatic trial in primary care.

Cognitive behaviour therapy for long-term frequent attenders in primary care: a feasibility case series and treatment development study (2016)
Journal Article
Malins, S., Kai, J., Atha, C., Avery, A., Guo, B., James, M., Patel, S., Sampson, C., Stubley, M., & Morriss, R. K. (2016). Cognitive behaviour therapy for long-term frequent attenders in primary care: a feasibility case series and treatment development study. British Journal of General Practice, 66(651), e729-e736. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X686569

Background: Most frequent attendance in primary care is temporary. Long-term frequent attendance may be suitable for psychological intervention to address health management and service use.

Aim: To explore the feasibility and acceptability of cog... Read More about Cognitive behaviour therapy for long-term frequent attenders in primary care: a feasibility case series and treatment development study.

Feasibility of improving identification of familial hypercholesterolaemia in general practice: intervention development study (2016)
Journal Article
Qureshi, N., Weng, S., Tranter, J., El-Kadiki, A., & Kai, J. (2016). Feasibility of improving identification of familial hypercholesterolaemia in general practice: intervention development study. BMJ Open, 6, Article e011734. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011734

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of improving identification of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) in primary care, and of collecting outcome measures to inform a future trial.
Design: Feasibility intervention study.
Setting: 6 general practi... Read More about Feasibility of improving identification of familial hypercholesterolaemia in general practice: intervention development study.