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Association study of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2023)
Journal Article
Guillen-Guio, B., Paynton, M. L., Allen, R. J., Chin, D. P., Donoghue, L. J., Stockwell, A., …Hollox, E. J. (in press). Association study of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. ERJ Open Research, 00553-2023. https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00553-2023

IntroductionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial pneumonia marked by progressive lung fibrosis and a poor prognosis. Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of infection in the pathogenesis of IPF and a prior assoc... Read More about Association study of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

COVID-19 infection, admission and death and the impact of corticosteroids amongst people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease during the second wave of covid-19 in England: results from the RECORDER Project (2023)
Journal Article
Rutter, M., Lanyon, P. C., Grainge, M. J., Hubbard, R., Bythell, M., Stilwell, P., …Pearce, F. A. (2023). COVID-19 infection, admission and death and the impact of corticosteroids amongst people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease during the second wave of covid-19 in England: results from the RECORDER Project. Rheumatology, 62(12), 3828-3837. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kead150

Objectives To calculate the rates of COVID-19 infection and COVID-19-related death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England, and describe the impact of corticosteroids on... Read More about COVID-19 infection, admission and death and the impact of corticosteroids amongst people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease during the second wave of covid-19 in England: results from the RECORDER Project.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Lung Cancer Incidence in England: Analysis of the National Lung Cancer Audit 2019 and 2020 Rapid Cancer Registration Datasets (2023)
Journal Article
Gysling, S., Morgan, H., Ifesemen, O. S., West, D., Conibear, J., Navani, N., …Hubbard, R. (2023). The Impact of COVID-19 on Lung Cancer Incidence in England: Analysis of the National Lung Cancer Audit 2019 and 2020 Rapid Cancer Registration Datasets. Chest, 163(6), 1599-1607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2023.01.008

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption to health-care services and delivery worldwide. The impact of the pandemic and associated national lockdowns on lung cancer incidence in England have yet to be assessed. Research Que... Read More about The Impact of COVID-19 on Lung Cancer Incidence in England: Analysis of the National Lung Cancer Audit 2019 and 2020 Rapid Cancer Registration Datasets.

Are people with mesothelioma who respond to the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey representative of the national mesothelioma population? A data comparison with cancer registry patients from the National Lung Cancer Audit (2022)
Journal Article
Nartey, Y., Stewart, I., Beattie, V., Wilcock, A., Beckett, P., Hubbard, R., & Tata, L. J. (2022). Are people with mesothelioma who respond to the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey representative of the national mesothelioma population? A data comparison with cancer registry patients from the National Lung Cancer Audit. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 4, Article 100077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2022.100077

Introduction: More than 2,700 people are diagnosed with mesothelioma each year in the UK. Survival from mesothelioma is poor and to ensure service users’ perspectives are incorporated in designing the most effective strategies to improve healthcare i... Read More about Are people with mesothelioma who respond to the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey representative of the national mesothelioma population? A data comparison with cancer registry patients from the National Lung Cancer Audit.

Using patient experiences to evaluate care and expectations in lung cancer: analysis of the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey linked with the national cancer registry (2022)
Journal Article
Nartey, Y., Tata, L. J., Khakwani, A., Beattie, V., Beckett, P., Hubbard, R. B., & Stewart, I. (2022). Using patient experiences to evaluate care and expectations in lung cancer: analysis of the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey linked with the national cancer registry. Supportive Care in Cancer, 30(5), 4417-4428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-022-06863-4

Purpose: Identification of unmet needs in person centred and supportive care could be limited by differences in experience across specific cancer populations. Using the experiences of people with lung cancer, we assess distinctions according to demog... Read More about Using patient experiences to evaluate care and expectations in lung cancer: analysis of the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey linked with the national cancer registry.

Selection of eligible participants for screening for lung cancer using primary care data (2021)
Journal Article
O’Dowd, E. L., Ten Haaf, K., Kaur, J., Duffy, S. W., Hamilton, W., Hubbard, R. B., …Baldwin, D. R. (2022). Selection of eligible participants for screening for lung cancer using primary care data. Thorax, 77(9), 882-890. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217142

Lung cancer screening is effective if offered to people at increased risk of the disease. Currently, direct contact with potential participants is required for evaluating risk. A way to reduce the number of ineligible people contacted might be to app... Read More about Selection of eligible participants for screening for lung cancer using primary care data.

COVID-19 infection, admission and death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease in England: results from the RECORDER project (2021)
Journal Article
Rutter, M., Lanyon, P. C., Grainge, M. J., Hubbard, R., Peach, E., Bythell, M., …Pearce, F. A. (2022). COVID-19 infection, admission and death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease in England: results from the RECORDER project. Rheumatology, 61(8), 3161-3171. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab794

Objectives: To calculate the rates of COVID-19 infection and COVID-19-related death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England compared to the general population. Methods... Read More about COVID-19 infection, admission and death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease in England: results from the RECORDER project.

36-month evaluation of a weight management programme in Chinese overweight and obese adults (2021)
Journal Article
Yang, X., Chattopadhyay, K., Hubbard, R., Li, J., Li, L., & Lin, Y. (2021). 36-month evaluation of a weight management programme in Chinese overweight and obese adults. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, Article 749302

Background: Few comprehensive lifestyle intervention programmes have been investigated on overweight and obese adults in China. This study was to evaluate the effect of a 36-month weight management programme on weight loss and its maintenance among o... Read More about 36-month evaluation of a weight management programme in Chinese overweight and obese adults.

What is the Definition of Cure in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer? (2021)
Journal Article
Morgan, H., Ellis, L., O’Dowd, E. L., Murray, R. L., Hubbard, R., & Baldwin, D. R. (2021). What is the Definition of Cure in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?. Oncology and Therapy, 9(2), 365-371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40487-021-00163-3

The concept of cure from cancer is important to patients, but can be difficult to communicate in terms that are meaningful. This is because there are a number of definitions of cure that are applied by clinicians, patients and the public, and by poli... Read More about What is the Definition of Cure in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?.

Factors associated with survival in small cell lung cancer: an analysis of real-world national audit, chemotherapy and radiotherapy data (2021)
Journal Article
Jones, G. S., Khakwani, A., Pascoe, A., Foweraker, K., McKeever, T. M., Hubbard, R. B., & Baldwin, D. R. (2021). Factors associated with survival in small cell lung cancer: an analysis of real-world national audit, chemotherapy and radiotherapy data. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 10(4), 4055-4068. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-20-1824

Background: The mainstay of treatment for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) involves platinum doublet chemotherapy but the optimal duration, 4 vs. 6 cycles, is not known. Concurrent thoracic radiotherapy followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI)... Read More about Factors associated with survival in small cell lung cancer: an analysis of real-world national audit, chemotherapy and radiotherapy data.

Worldwide relative smoking prevalence among people living with and without HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)
Journal Article
Johnston, P. I., Wright, S. W., Orr, M., Pearce, F. A., Stevens, J. W., Hubbard, R. B., & Collini, P. J. (2021). Worldwide relative smoking prevalence among people living with and without HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS, 35(6), 957-970. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002815

Objective and design: People living with HIV (PLH) suffer disproportionately from the chronic diseases exacerbated by smoking tobacco. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to establish the relative prevalence of smoking among PLH. M... Read More about Worldwide relative smoking prevalence among people living with and without HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Risk of death among people with rare autoimmune diseases compared with the general population in England during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic (2020)
Journal Article
Peach, E., Rutter, M., Lanyon, P., Grainge, M. J., Hubbard, R., Aston, J., …Pearce, F. (2021). Risk of death among people with rare autoimmune diseases compared with the general population in England during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. Rheumatology, 60(4), 1902–1909. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa855

Objectives: To quantify the risk of death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the UK 2020 COVID-19 pandemic compared with the general population, and compared with their pre-COVID risk. Methods: We conducted a cohort s... Read More about Risk of death among people with rare autoimmune diseases compared with the general population in England during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.

Do working practices of cancer nurse specialists improve clinical outcomes? Retrospective cohort analysis from the English National Lung Cancer Audit (2020)
Journal Article
Stewart, I., Leary, A., Khakwani, A., Borthwick, D., Tod, A., Hubbard, R., …Tata, L. J. (2021). Do working practices of cancer nurse specialists improve clinical outcomes? Retrospective cohort analysis from the English National Lung Cancer Audit. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 118, Article 103718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103718

Background Cancer nurse specialists are advanced practitioners who offer continuity of care and expert support for people diagnosed with specific cancers. Health Education England's Cancer Workforce Plan prioritises expansion of cancer nurse special... Read More about Do working practices of cancer nurse specialists improve clinical outcomes? Retrospective cohort analysis from the English National Lung Cancer Audit.

A systematic review of survival following anti-cancer treatment for small cell lung cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Baldwin, D. R., Jones, G. S., Elimian, K., Hubbard, R. B., & McKeever, T. M. (2020). A systematic review of survival following anti-cancer treatment for small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer, 141, 44-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.12.015

Objectives: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of survival following treatment recommended by the European Society of Medical Oncology for SCLC in order to determine a benchmark for novel therapies to be compared with. Materials and m... Read More about A systematic review of survival following anti-cancer treatment for small cell lung cancer.

Is the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey representative? A comparative analysis with the National Lung Cancer Audit (2019)
Journal Article
Nartey, Y., Stewart, I., Khakwani, A., Beattie, V., Wilcock, A., Woolhouse, I., …Tata, L. J. (2020). Is the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey representative? A comparative analysis with the National Lung Cancer Audit. Lung Cancer, 140, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.11.023

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. Objectives: Healthcare systems increasingly recognise the importance of service users’ perspectives for improving care organisation and delivery. The English Cancer Patient Experience Survey (CPES) is carried out annually, howeve... Read More about Is the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey representative? A comparative analysis with the National Lung Cancer Audit.

Genome-Wide Association Study of Susceptibility to Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2019)
Journal Article
Allen, R. J., Guillen-Guio, B., Oldham, J. M., Ma, S., Dressen, A., Paynton, M. L., …Wain, L. V. (2020). Genome-Wide Association Study of Susceptibility to Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 201(5), 564-574. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201905-1017oc

RATIONALE: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complex lung disease characterised by scarring of the lung that is believed to result from an atypical response to injury of the epithelium. Genome-wide association studies have reported signals of... Read More about Genome-Wide Association Study of Susceptibility to Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Factors influencing treatment selection and thirty-day mortality following chemotherapy for people with small cell lung cancer: an analysis of national audit data (2018)
Journal Article
Jones, G. S., McKeever, T. M., Hubbard, R. B., Khakwani, A., & Baldwin, D. R. (2018). Factors influencing treatment selection and thirty-day mortality following chemotherapy for people with small cell lung cancer: an analysis of national audit data. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 176-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2018.07.133

Background Thirty-day mortality after treatment for lung cancer is a measure of unsuccessful outcome and where treatment should have been avoided. Guidelines recommend offering chemotherapy to individuals with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) who ha... Read More about Factors influencing treatment selection and thirty-day mortality following chemotherapy for people with small cell lung cancer: an analysis of national audit data.

Barriers to delivering advanced cancer nursing: a workload analysis of specialist nurse practice linked to the English National Lung Cancer Audit (2018)
Journal Article
Stewart, I., Leary, A., Tod, A., Borthwick, D., Khakwani, A., Hubbard, R., …Tata, L. (2018). Barriers to delivering advanced cancer nursing: a workload analysis of specialist nurse practice linked to the English National Lung Cancer Audit. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 36, 103-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2018.07.006

Purpose: Health services across the world utilise advanced practice in cancer care. In the UK, lung cancer nurse specialists (LCNS) are recognised as key components of quality care in national guidelines, yet access to LCNS contact is unequal and som... Read More about Barriers to delivering advanced cancer nursing: a workload analysis of specialist nurse practice linked to the English National Lung Cancer Audit.

Novel insights into the aetiology of granulomatosis with polyangiitis—a case–control study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (2018)
Journal Article
Pearce, F. A., Lanyon, P. C., Watts, R. A., Grainge, M. J., Abhishek, A., & Hubbard, R. B. (2018). Novel insights into the aetiology of granulomatosis with polyangiitis—a case–control study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Rheumatology, 57(10), 1873. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/key249

This is a correction to: Rheumatology, Volume 57, Issue 6, June 2018, Pages 1002–1010, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kex512

Are working practices of lung cancer nurse specialists associated with variation in peoples’ receipt of anticancer therapy? (2018)
Journal Article
Stewart, I., Khakwani, A., Hubbard, R. B., Beckett, P., Borthwick, D., Tod, A., …Tata, L. J. (2018). Are working practices of lung cancer nurse specialists associated with variation in peoples’ receipt of anticancer therapy?. Lung Cancer, 123, 160-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.07.022

Objectives Treatment choices for people with lung cancer may be influenced by contact and engagement with lung cancer nurse specialists (LCNSs). We investigated how service factors, LCNS workload, and LCNS working practices may influence the recei... Read More about Are working practices of lung cancer nurse specialists associated with variation in peoples’ receipt of anticancer therapy?.

Novel insights into the aetiology of granulomatosis with polyangiitis—a case–control study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (2018)
Journal Article
Pearce, F. A., Lanyon, P. C., Watts, R. A., Grainge, M. J., Abhishek, A., & Hubbard, R. B. (2018). Novel insights into the aetiology of granulomatosis with polyangiitis—a case–control study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Rheumatology, 57(6), 1002-1010. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kex512

Objectives: We aimed to provide insights into the aetiology of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), by conducting a large case–control study using a general population-based, prospectively collected database of healthcare records. Methods: We... Read More about Novel insights into the aetiology of granulomatosis with polyangiitis—a case–control study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Cardiovascular outcomes following a respiratory tract infection among adults with non-CF bronchiectasis: a general population based study (2017)
Journal Article
Navaratnam, V., Root, A. A., Douglas, I., Smeeth, L., Hubbard, R. B., & Quint, J. K. (2018). Cardiovascular outcomes following a respiratory tract infection among adults with non-CF bronchiectasis: a general population based study. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 15(3), https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201706-488OC

Rationale: Studies suggest that people with bronchiectasis are at increased risk of cardiovascular co-morbidities. Objectives: We aimed to quantify the relative risk of incident cardiovascular events following a respiratory tract infection amongs... Read More about Cardiovascular outcomes following a respiratory tract infection among adults with non-CF bronchiectasis: a general population based study.

An epithelial biomarker signature for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis from the multicentre PROFILE cohort study (2017)
Journal Article
Maher, T. M., Oballa, E., Simpson, J. K., Porte, J., Habgood, A., Fahy, W. A., …Jenkins, R. G. (in press). An epithelial biomarker signature for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis from the multicentre PROFILE cohort study. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 5(12), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600%2817%2930430-7

Background: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal condition with a variable disease trajectory. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential biomarkers that predict outcome for people with IPF. Method: The PROFILE study is a... Read More about An epithelial biomarker signature for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis from the multicentre PROFILE cohort study.

ECM crosslinking enhances fibroblast growth and protects against matrix proteolysis in lung fibrosis (2017)
Journal Article
Philp, C. J., Siebeke, I., Clements, D., Miller, S., Habgood, A., John, A. E., …Johnson, S. R. (2018). ECM crosslinking enhances fibroblast growth and protects against matrix proteolysis in lung fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 58(5), 594–603. https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2016-0379OC

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterised by accumulation of extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins and fibroblast proliferation. ECM cross-linking enzymes have been implicated in fibrotic diseases and we hypothesised that the ECM in IPF is... Read More about ECM crosslinking enhances fibroblast growth and protects against matrix proteolysis in lung fibrosis.

Genetic variants associated with susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in people of European ancestry: a genome-wide association study (2017)
Journal Article
Allen, R. J., Porte, J., Braybrooke, R., Flores, C., Fingerlin, T. E., Oldham, J. M., …Jenkins, R. G. (2017). Genetic variants associated with susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in people of European ancestry: a genome-wide association study. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 5(11), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600%2817%2930387-9

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease with high mortality, uncertain cause, and few treatment options. Studies have identified a significant genetic risk associated with the development of IPF; however,... Read More about Genetic variants associated with susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in people of European ancestry: a genome-wide association study.

Can granulomatosis with polyangiitis be diagnosed earlier in primary care? A case-control study (2017)
Journal Article
Pearce, F. A., Hubbard, R., Grainge, M. J., Watts, R. A., Abhishek, A., & Lanyon, P. C. (in press). Can granulomatosis with polyangiitis be diagnosed earlier in primary care? A case-control study. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcx194

Background: People with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) commonly describe long delays before diagnosis. Aim: To study the natural history of GPA prior to diagnosis using primary care data, and determine whether clinical features could be iden... Read More about Can granulomatosis with polyangiitis be diagnosed earlier in primary care? A case-control study.

Apples and pears? A comparison of two sources of national lung cancer audit data in England (2017)
Journal Article
Khakwani, A., Jack, R. H., Vernon, S., Dickinson, R., Wood, N., Harden, S., …Hubbard, R. B. (2017). Apples and pears? A comparison of two sources of national lung cancer audit data in England. ERJ Open Research, 3(3), 00003-2017. https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00003-2017

In 2014, the method of data collection from NHS trusts in England for the National Lung Cancer Audit (NLCA) was changed from a bespoke dataset called LUCADA (Lung Cancer Data). Under the new contract, data are submitted via the Cancer Outcome and Ser... Read More about Apples and pears? A comparison of two sources of national lung cancer audit data in England.

The incidence, prevalence and mortality of granulomatosis with polyangiitis in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (2016)
Journal Article
Pearce, F. A., Grainge, M. J., Lanyon, P. C., Watts, R. A., & Hubbard, R. B. (in press). The incidence, prevalence and mortality of granulomatosis with polyangiitis in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Rheumatology, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kew413

Objectives: To estimate the incidence, prevalence and mortality of Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) in the United Kingdom. Methods: We conducted a historical cohort study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Epi... Read More about The incidence, prevalence and mortality of granulomatosis with polyangiitis in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Surgical lung biopsy for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in England: 1997-2008 (2016)
Journal Article
Hutchinson, J. P., McKeever, T. M., Fogarty, A. W., Navaratnam, V., & Hubbard, R. B. (in press). Surgical lung biopsy for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in England: 1997-2008. European Respiratory Journal, 48, https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00378-2016

Introduction: International guidelines and new targeted therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis have increased the need for accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung disease, which may lead to more surgical lung biopsies. This study aims to assess... Read More about Surgical lung biopsy for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in England: 1997-2008.

Bronchiectasis and the risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based study (2016)
Journal Article
Navaratnam, V., Millett, E. R., Hurst, J. R., Thomas, S. L., Smeeth, L., Hubbard, R. B., …Quint, J. K. (in press). Bronchiectasis and the risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based study. Thorax, 72(2), 161-166. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-208188

Background: There are limited data on the burden of cardiovascular comorbidities in people with bronchiectasis. Our cross-sectional study estimates the burden of pre-existing diagnoses of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in people with bronchi... Read More about Bronchiectasis and the risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based study.

Place of death in patients with lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study from 2004-2013 (2016)
Journal Article
O'Dowd, E. L., McKeever, T. M., Baldwin, D. R., & Hubbard, R. B. (2016). Place of death in patients with lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study from 2004-2013. PLoS ONE, 11(8), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161399

Introduction: Many patients with cancer die in an acute hospital bed, which has been frequently identified as the least preferred location, with psychological and financial implications. This study looks at place and cause of death in patients with l... Read More about Place of death in patients with lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study from 2004-2013.

Incidence of ANCA-associated vasculitis in a UK mixed ethnicity population (2016)
Journal Article
Pearce, F. A., Lanyon, P. C., Grainge, M. J., Shaunak, R., Mahr, A., Hubbard, R. B., & Watts, R. A. (in press). Incidence of ANCA-associated vasculitis in a UK mixed ethnicity population. Rheumatology, 55(9), https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kew232

Objectives: We aimed to estimate the incidence of ANCA-associated vasculitis in the UK and how this varied by ethnic group. Methods: We identified incident cases of ANCA-associated vasculitis between March 2007 and June 2013 in the Nottingham–Derby... Read More about Incidence of ANCA-associated vasculitis in a UK mixed ethnicity population.

Risk of venous thromboembolism in people with lung cancer: a cohort study using linked UK healthcare data (2016)
Journal Article
Walker, A. J., Baldwin, D. R., Card, T. R., Powell, H. A., Hubbard, R. B., & Grainge, M. J. (in press). Risk of venous thromboembolism in people with lung cancer: a cohort study using linked UK healthcare data. British Journal of Cancer, 115(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2016.143

Background: Venous thromboembolism is a potentially preventable cause of death in people with lung cancer. Identification of those most at risk and high risk periods may provide the opportunity for better targeted intervention. Methods: We conduc... Read More about Risk of venous thromboembolism in people with lung cancer: a cohort study using linked UK healthcare data.

Which patients are assessed by lung cancer nurse specialists? A national lung cancer audit study of over 128,000 patients across England (2016)
Journal Article
Khakwani, A., Hubbard, R. B., Beckett, P., Borthwick, D., Tod, A., Leary, A., …Tata, L. J. (in press). Which patients are assessed by lung cancer nurse specialists? A national lung cancer audit study of over 128,000 patients across England. Lung Cancer, 96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.03.011

Background: Lung cancer nurse specialists (LCNS) are integral to the multidisciplinary clinical team, providing personalised physical and psycho-social interventions, and care management for people with lung cancer. The National Institute of Health a... Read More about Which patients are assessed by lung cancer nurse specialists? A national lung cancer audit study of over 128,000 patients across England.

Predicting death from surgery for lung cancer: a comparison of two scoring systems in two European countries (2016)
Journal Article
O'Dowd, E. L., Lüchtenborg, M., Baldwin, D. R., McKeever, T. M., Powell, H. A., Møller, H., …Hubbard, R. B. (2016). Predicting death from surgery for lung cancer: a comparison of two scoring systems in two European countries. Lung Cancer, 95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.03.002

Objectives: Current British guidelines advocate the use of risk prediction scores such as Thoracoscore to estimate mortality prior to radical surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A recent publication used the National Lung Cancer Audit (NL... Read More about Predicting death from surgery for lung cancer: a comparison of two scoring systems in two European countries.

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based study (2015)
Journal Article
Dallywater, W., Powell, H. A., Hubbard, R. B., & Navaratnam, V. (in press). Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based study. Chest, 147(1), https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.14-0041

OBJECTIVE: People with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have been shown to be at an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease, but reasons for this are unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of common CV risk factors in... Read More about Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based study.

In-hospital mortality following surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease in the USA: 2000-2011 (2015)
Journal Article
Hutchinson, J. P., Fogarty, A. W., McKeever, T. M., & Hubbard, R. B. (2016). In-hospital mortality following surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease in the USA: 2000-2011. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 193(10), 1161-1167. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201508-1632OC

Rationale: Surgical lung biopsy can help to determine a specific diagnosis in interstitial lung disease, but has associated risks. Most currently available mortality data are derived from case series and may not be generalizable to broader population... Read More about In-hospital mortality following surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease in the USA: 2000-2011.

Refining adverse drug reaction signals by incorporating interaction variables identified using emergent pattern mining (2015)
Journal Article
Reps, J. M., Aickelin, U., & Hubbard, R. B. (2016). Refining adverse drug reaction signals by incorporating interaction variables identified using emergent pattern mining. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2015.11.014

Purpose: To develop a framework for identifying and incorporating candidate confounding interaction terms into a regularised cox regression analysis to refine adverse drug reaction signals obtained via longitudinal observational data. Methods: We co... Read More about Refining adverse drug reaction signals by incorporating interaction variables identified using emergent pattern mining.

Sixteen new lung function signals identified through 1000 Genomes Project reference panel imputation (2015)
Journal Article
Artigas, M. S., Wain, L. V., Miller, S., Kheirallah, A. K., Huffman, J. E., Ntalla, I., …Tobin, M. D. (2015). Sixteen new lung function signals identified through 1000 Genomes Project reference panel imputation. Nature Communications, 6, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9658

Lung function measures are used in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In 38,199 European ancestry individuals, we studied genome-wide association of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC... Read More about Sixteen new lung function signals identified through 1000 Genomes Project reference panel imputation.

Critical care admission trends and outcomes in individuals with bronchiectasis in the UK (2015)
Journal Article
Navaratnam, V., Muirhead, C. R., Hubbard, R. B., & De Soyza, A. (2015). Critical care admission trends and outcomes in individuals with bronchiectasis in the UK. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 109(8), https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcv206

Background: There are limited data on admission trends and outcomes of individuals with bronchiectasis admitted to intensive care (ICU). Using national critical care data, we analysed admissions to ICU and estimated outcomes in terms of mortality in... Read More about Critical care admission trends and outcomes in individuals with bronchiectasis in the UK.

Novel insights into the genetics of smoking behaviour, lung function, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (UK BiLEVE): a genetic association study in UK Biobank (2015)
Journal Article
Wain, L. V., Shrine, N., Miller, S., Jackson, V. E., Ntalla, I., Artigas, M. S., …Hall, I. P. (2015). Novel insights into the genetics of smoking behaviour, lung function, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (UK BiLEVE): a genetic association study in UK Biobank. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 3(10), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600%2815%2900283-0

Background Understanding the genetic basis of airflow obstruction and smoking behaviour is key to determining the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We used UK Biobank data to study the genetic causes of smoking behav... Read More about Novel insights into the genetics of smoking behaviour, lung function, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (UK BiLEVE): a genetic association study in UK Biobank.

Patients' attitudes to risk in lung cancer surgery: a qualitative study (2015)
Journal Article
Powell, H. A., Jones, L. L., Baldwin, D. R., Duffy, J. P., Hubbard, R. B., Tod, A. M., …Bains, M. (2015). Patients' attitudes to risk in lung cancer surgery: a qualitative study. Lung Cancer, 90(2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.08.014

Objectives Lung cancer surgery leads to long term survival for some patients but little is known about how patients decide whether to accept the associated surgical risks. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore patients’ attitudes to... Read More about Patients' attitudes to risk in lung cancer surgery: a qualitative study.

Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
Ban, L., Fleming, K. M., Doyle, P., Smeeth, L., Hubbard, R. B., Fiaschi, L., & Tata, L. J. (2015). Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE, 10(7), Article 131130. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131130

BACKGROUND: Antenatal antiepileptic drug (AED) use has been found to be associated with increased major congenital anomaly (CA) risks. However whether such AED-associated risks were different according to periconceptional high dose (5mg daily) folic... Read More about Congenital anomalies in children of mothers taking antiepileptic drugs with and without periconceptional high dose folic acid use: a population-based cohort study.

A supervised adverse drug reaction signalling framework imitating Bradford Hill’s causality considerations (2015)
Journal Article
Reps, J. M., Garibaldi, J. M., Aickelin, U., Gibson, J. E., & Hubbard, R. B. (2015). A supervised adverse drug reaction signalling framework imitating Bradford Hill’s causality considerations. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2015.06.011

Big longitudinal observational medical data potentially hold a wealth of information and have been recognised as potential sources for gaining new drug safety knowledge. Unfortunately there are many complexities and underlying issues when analysing l... Read More about A supervised adverse drug reaction signalling framework imitating Bradford Hill’s causality considerations.

Global incidence and mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review (2015)
Journal Article
Hutchinson, J. P., Fogarty, A. W., Hubbard, R. B., & McKeever, T. M. (2015). Global incidence and mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review. European Respiratory Journal, 46(3), https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00185114

Introduction: As idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis emerges as an important public health problem, there is a need to coordinate data on incidence and mortality globally. This study aims to systematically assess all available studies to investigate the gl... Read More about Global incidence and mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review.

Complications and mortality in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: a population-based study (2015)
Journal Article
Donaldson, J., McKeever, T. M., Hall, I. P., Hubbard, R., & Fogarty, A. W. (2015). Complications and mortality in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: a population-based study. Neurology, 84(18), https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000001538

OBJECTIVES: Studies report that the risks of significant neurologic complications (including stroke, cerebral abscess, and migraine) and hemorrhagic sequelae are high in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), and that life expe... Read More about Complications and mortality in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: a population-based study.

Prevalence of smoking among patients treated in NHS hospitals in England in 2010/11: a national audit (2015)
Journal Article
Szatkowski, L., Murray, R., Hubbard, R. B., Agrawal, S., Huang, Y., & Britton, J. (2015). Prevalence of smoking among patients treated in NHS hospitals in England in 2010/11: a national audit. Thorax, 70(5), https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206285

Using data from The Health Improvement Network and Hospital Episode Statistics, we investigate smoking prevalence, number of smokers treated and opportunities for cessation intervention among patients treated in National Health Service (NHS) hospital... Read More about Prevalence of smoking among patients treated in NHS hospitals in England in 2010/11: a national audit.

Longitudinal change in collagen degradation biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis from the prospective, multicentre PROFILE study (2015)
Journal Article
Jenkins, R. G., Simpson, J. K., Saini, G., Bentley, J. H., Russell, A., Braybrooke, R., …Maher, T. M. (2015). Longitudinal change in collagen degradation biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis from the prospective, multicentre PROFILE study. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 3(6), https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600%2815%2900048-x

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a progressive and inevitably fatal disorder, has a highly variable clinical course. Biomarkers that reflect disease activity are urgently needed to inform patient management and for use as biomarkers of ther... Read More about Longitudinal change in collagen degradation biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis from the prospective, multicentre PROFILE study.

What characteristics of primary care and patients are associated with early death in patients with lung cancer in the UK? (2014)
Journal Article
O'Dowd, E. L., McKeever, T. M., Baldwin, D. R., Anwar, S., Powell, H. A., Gibson, J. E., …Hubbard, R. B. (2015). What characteristics of primary care and patients are associated with early death in patients with lung cancer in the UK?. Thorax, 70(2), https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-205692

Background: The UK has poor lung cancer survival rates and high early mortality, compared to other countries. We aimed to identify factors associated with early death, and features of primary care that might contribute to late diagnosis. Methods: Al... Read More about What characteristics of primary care and patients are associated with early death in patients with lung cancer in the UK?.

Increasing global mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the twenty-first century (2014)
Journal Article
Hutchinson, J. P., McKeever, T. M., Fogarty, A. W., Navaratnam, V., & Hubbard, R. B. (2014). Increasing global mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the twenty-first century. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 11(8), https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201404-145OC

Rationale: Recent evidence from the United Kingdom suggests that the number of deaths from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is increasing, although comparable international data are limited. Objectives: We aimed to collate death certification data f... Read More about Increasing global mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the twenty-first century.

The impact of the ‘hub and spoke’ model of care for lung cancer and equitable access to surgery (2014)
Journal Article
Khakwani, A., Rich, A. L., Powell, H. A., Tata, L. J., Stanley, R. A., Baldwin, D. R., …Hubbard, R. B. (2014). The impact of the ‘hub and spoke’ model of care for lung cancer and equitable access to surgery. Thorax, 70(2), https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-205841

Objectives: To determine the influence of where a patient is first seen (either surgical or non-surgical centre) and patient features on having surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Design: Cross-sectional study from individual patients... Read More about The impact of the ‘hub and spoke’ model of care for lung cancer and equitable access to surgery.

First trimester exposure to anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs and the risks of major congenital anomalies: a United Kingdom population-based cohort study (2014)
Journal Article
Ban, L., West, J., Gibson, J. E., Fiaschi, L., Sokal, R., Doyle, P., …Tata, L. J. (2014). First trimester exposure to anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs and the risks of major congenital anomalies: a United Kingdom population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE, 9(6), Article e100996. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100996

BACKGROUND: Despite their widespread use the effects of taking benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepine hypnotics during pregnancy on the risk of major congenital anomaly (MCA) are uncertain. The objectives were to estimate absolute and relative risks... Read More about First trimester exposure to anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs and the risks of major congenital anomalies: a United Kingdom population-based cohort study.

Maternal depression, antidepressant prescriptions, and congenital anomaly risk in offspring: a population-based cohort study (2014)
Journal Article
Ban, L., Gibson, J. E., West, J., Fiaschi, L., Sokal, R., Smeeth, L., …Tata, L. J. (in press). Maternal depression, antidepressant prescriptions, and congenital anomaly risk in offspring: a population-based cohort study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 121(12), https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.12682

OBJECTIVE: To estimate risks of major congenital anomaly (MCA) among children of mothers prescribed antidepressants during early pregnancy or diagnosed with depression but without antidepressant prescriptions. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study.... Read More about Maternal depression, antidepressant prescriptions, and congenital anomaly risk in offspring: a population-based cohort study.

Small-Cell Lung Cancer in England: Trends in Survival and Chemotherapy Using the National Lung Cancer Audit (2014)
Journal Article
Khakwani, A., Rich, A. L., Tata, L. J., Powell, H. A., Stanley, R. A., Baldwin, D. R., & Hubbard, R. B. (2014). Small-Cell Lung Cancer in England: Trends in Survival and Chemotherapy Using the National Lung Cancer Audit. PLoS ONE, 9(2), Article e89426. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089426

Background The purpose of this study was to identify trends in survival and chemotherapy use for individuals with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) in England using the National Lung Cancer Audit (NLCA). Methods We used data from the NLCA database... Read More about Small-Cell Lung Cancer in England: Trends in Survival and Chemotherapy Using the National Lung Cancer Audit.

Signalling Paediatric Side Effects using an Ensemble of Simple Study Designs (2014)
Journal Article
Reps, J., M. Garibaldi, J., Aickelin, U., Soria, D., E. Gibson, J., & B. Hubbard, R. (2014). Signalling Paediatric Side Effects using an Ensemble of Simple Study Designs. Drug Safety, 37(3), 163-170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-014-0137-z

Background: Children are frequently prescribed medication `o-label', meaning there has not been sucient testing of the medication to determine its safety or eectiveness. The main reason this safety knowledge is lacking is due to ethical restrictions... Read More about Signalling Paediatric Side Effects using an Ensemble of Simple Study Designs.

Treatment decisions and survival for people with small-cell lung cancer (2014)
Journal Article
Powell, H., Tata, L., Baldwin, D., Potter, V., Stanley, R., Khakwani, A., & Hubbard, R. (in press). Treatment decisions and survival for people with small-cell lung cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 110(4), https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2013.812

Background: Chemotherapy improves survival for many patients with SCLC, and hence it is important to understand variations in practice and outcomes for this treatment strategy. Methods: We used the National Lung Cancer Audit and Hospital Episodes... Read More about Treatment decisions and survival for people with small-cell lung cancer.

Comparison of algorithms that detect drug side effects using electronic healthcare databases (2013)
Journal Article
Reps, J. M., Garibaldi, J. M., Aickelin, U., Soria, D., Gibson, J. E., & Hubbard, R. B. (2013). Comparison of algorithms that detect drug side effects using electronic healthcare databases. Soft Computing, 17(12), https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-013-1097-4

The electronic healthcare databases are starting to become more readily available and are thought to have excellent potential for generating adverse drug reaction signals. The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database is an electronic healthcare dat... Read More about Comparison of algorithms that detect drug side effects using electronic healthcare databases.

Inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of pneumonia in people with asthma (2013)
Journal Article
McKeever, T. M., Harrison, T. W., Hubbard, R., & Shaw, D. E. (2013). Inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of pneumonia in people with asthma. Chest, 144(6), https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.13-0871

Background In clinical trials, the use of inhaled corticosteroids is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in people with COPD, but whether the same is true for people with asthma is not known. Methods With the use of primary care dat... Read More about Inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of pneumonia in people with asthma.

The UK prevalence of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia and its association with sex, socioeconomic status and region of residence: a population-based study (2013)
Journal Article
Donaldson, J. W., McKeever, T. M., Hall, I. P., Hubbard, R., & Fogarty, A. W. (2014). The UK prevalence of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia and its association with sex, socioeconomic status and region of residence: a population-based study. Thorax, 69(2), 161-167. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-203720

Background Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder of aberrant blood vessel development characterised by arteriovenous malformations. HHT is associated with significant morbidity due to complications inc... Read More about The UK prevalence of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia and its association with sex, socioeconomic status and region of residence: a population-based study.

A Novel Semisupervised Algorithm for Rare Prescription Side Effect Discovery (2013)
Journal Article
Reps, J. M., Garibaldi, J. M., Aickelin, U., Soria, D., Gibson, J. E., & Hubbard, R. B. (2014). A Novel Semisupervised Algorithm for Rare Prescription Side Effect Discovery. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 18(2), 537-547. https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2013.2281505

Drugs are frequently prescribed to patients with the aim of improving each patient's medical state, but an unfortunate consequence of most prescription drugs is the occurrence of undesirable side effects. Side effects that occur in more than one in a... Read More about A Novel Semisupervised Algorithm for Rare Prescription Side Effect Discovery.

Presence of a prothrombotic state in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based case–control study (2013)
Journal Article
Navaratnam, V., Fogarty, A. W., McKeever, T. M., Thompson, N., Jenkins, G., Johnson, S. R., …Hubbard, R. B. (2014). Presence of a prothrombotic state in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based case–control study. Thorax, 69(3), 207-215. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-203740

BACKGROUND: Laboratory studies suggest that the clotting cascade is activated in fibrotic lungs. Since humans vary in their tendency to clot due to a variety of inherited or acquired defects, we investigated whether a prothrombotic state increases th... Read More about Presence of a prothrombotic state in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based case–control study.

The acute impact of a hematopoietic allograft on lung function and inflammation: a prospective observational study (2013)
Journal Article
Enocson, A., Hubbard, R., McKeever, T. M., Russell, N., Byrne, J., Das-Gupta, E., …Fogarty, A. W. (2013). The acute impact of a hematopoietic allograft on lung function and inflammation: a prospective observational study. BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 13(Januar), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2466-13-2

Background: No studies have investigated the immediate impact of receiving an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) on pulmonary inflammation or lung function. Methods: Using a prospective study design, we quantified the changes in... Read More about The acute impact of a hematopoietic allograft on lung function and inflammation: a prospective observational study.

Attributes for causal inference in electronic healthcare databases (2013)
Conference Proceeding
Reps, J., Garibaldi, J. M., Aickelin, U., Soria, D., Gibson, J. E., & Hubbard, R. B. (2013). Attributes for causal inference in electronic healthcare databases.

Side effects of prescription drugs present a serious issue. Existing algorithms that detect side effects generally require further analysis to confirm causality. In this paper we investigate attributes based on the Bradford-Hill causality criteria... Read More about Attributes for causal inference in electronic healthcare databases.

Comparing data-mining algorithms developed for longitudinal observational databases
Conference Proceeding
Reps, J., Garibaldi, J. M., Aickelin, U., Soria, D., Gibson, J. E., & Hubbard, R. B. Comparing data-mining algorithms developed for longitudinal observational databases.

Longitudinal observational databases have become a recent interest in the post marketing drug surveillance community due to their ability of presenting a new perspective for detecting negative side effects. Algorithms mining longitudinal observation... Read More about Comparing data-mining algorithms developed for longitudinal observational databases.

Discovering sequential patterns in a UK general practice database
Conference Proceeding
Reps, J., Garibaldi, J. M., Aickelin, U., Soria, D., Gibson, J. E., & Hubbard, R. B. Discovering sequential patterns in a UK general practice database.

The wealth of computerised medical information becoming readily available presents the opportunity to examine patterns of illnesses, therapies and responses. These patterns may be able to predict illnesses that a patient is likely to develop, allowi... Read More about Discovering sequential patterns in a UK general practice database.

Investigating the detection of adverse drug events in a UK general practice electronic health-care database
Conference Proceeding
Reps, J., Feyereisl, J., Garibaldi, J. M., Aickelin, U., Gibson, J. E., & Hubbard, R. B. Investigating the detection of adverse drug events in a UK general practice electronic health-care database.

Data-mining techniques have frequently been developed for Spontaneous reporting databases. These techniques aim to find adverse drug events accurately and efficiently. Spontaneous reporting databases are prone to missing information,under reporting... Read More about Investigating the detection of adverse drug events in a UK general practice electronic health-care database.