All Outputs (584)

A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Crossover Study on the Effects of 1-L Infusions of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch Suspended in 0.9% Saline (Voluven) and a Balanced Solution (Plasma Volume Redibag) on Blood Volume, Renal Blood Flow Velocity, and Renal Cortical Tissue Perfusion in Healthy Volunteers (2014)
Journal Article
Chowdhury, A., Fox, E., Francis, S., & Lobo, D. (2014). A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Crossover Study on the Effects of 1-L Infusions of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch Suspended in 0.9% Saline (Voluven) and a Balanced Solution (Plasma Volume Redibag) on Blood Volume, Renal Blood Flow Velocity, and Renal Cortical Tissue Perfusion in Healthy Volunteers. Annals of Surgery, 259(5), 881–887. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000000324

Objective: We compared the effects of intravenous administration of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (maize-derived) in 0.9% saline (Voluven; Fresenius Kabi, Runcorn, United Kingdom) and a “balanced” preparation of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (potato-derived) [Plas... Read More about A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Crossover Study on the Effects of 1-L Infusions of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch Suspended in 0.9% Saline (Voluven) and a Balanced Solution (Plasma Volume Redibag) on Blood Volume, Renal Blood Flow Velocity, and Renal Cortical Tissue Perfusion in Healthy Volunteers.

Cellular location and activity of Escherichia coli RecG proteins shed light on the function of its structurally unresolved C-terminus (2014)
Journal Article
Upton, A. L., Grove, J. I., Mahdi, A. A., Briggs, G. S., Milner, D. S., Rudolph, C. J., & Lloyd, R. G. (2014). Cellular location and activity of Escherichia coli RecG proteins shed light on the function of its structurally unresolved C-terminus. Nucleic Acids Research, 42(9), 5702-5714. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku228

RecG is a DNA translocase encoded by most species of bacteria. The Escherichia coli protein targets branched DNA substrates and drives the unwinding and rewinding of DNA strands. Its ability to remodel replication forks and to genetically interact wi... Read More about Cellular location and activity of Escherichia coli RecG proteins shed light on the function of its structurally unresolved C-terminus.

Phenotypic Features of Crohn's Disease Associated With Failure of Medical Treatment (2014)
Journal Article
Dubeau, M., Moran, G. W., Kaplan, G. G., Yang, H., Seow, C. H., Fedorak, R. N., …Panaccione, R. (2014). Phenotypic Features of Crohn's Disease Associated With Failure of Medical Treatment. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 12(3), 434-442.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2013.08.026

Radiofrequency Ablation vs Endoscopic Surveillance for Patients With Barrett Esophagus and Low-Grade Dysplasia: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2014)
Journal Article

Importance
Barrett esophagus containing low-grade dysplasia is associated with an increased risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer with a rapidly increasing incidence in the western world.

Objective
To investigate whether end... Read More about Radiofrequency Ablation vs Endoscopic Surveillance for Patients With Barrett Esophagus and Low-Grade Dysplasia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

A role for the vacuolating cytotoxin, VacA, in colonisation and Helicobacter pylori-induced metaplasia in the stomach (2014)
Journal Article
Winter, J., Letley, D., Cook, K., Rhead, J., Zaitoun, A., Ingram, R., Amilon, K., Croxall, N., Kaye, P., Robinson, K., & Atherton, J. (2014). A role for the vacuolating cytotoxin, VacA, in colonisation and Helicobacter pylori-induced metaplasia in the stomach. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 210(6), 954–963. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu154

Carriage of Helicobacter pylori strains producing more active (s1/i1) forms of VacA is strongly associated with gastric adenocarcinoma. To our knowledge, we are the first to determine effects of different polymorphic forms of VacA on inflammation and... Read More about A role for the vacuolating cytotoxin, VacA, in colonisation and Helicobacter pylori-induced metaplasia in the stomach.

Gene polymorphisms of cellular senescence marker p21 and disease progression in non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease (2014)
Journal Article

Non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a wide spectrum, ranging from steatosis alone to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Presence of steatohepatitis and fibrosis are key hallmarks of disease progression. Previous studies have demons... Read More about Gene polymorphisms of cellular senescence marker p21 and disease progression in non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease.

Venous thromboembolism in children with cancer – a population-based cohort study (2014)
Journal Article
Walker, A. J., Grainge, M. J., Card, T. R., West, J., Ranta, S., & Ludvigsson, J. F. (2014). Venous thromboembolism in children with cancer – a population-based cohort study. Thrombosis Research, 133(3), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2013.12.021

Introduction: Cancer is a known risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adults, but population-based data in children are scarce.

Materials and methods: We conducted a cohort study utilising linkage of the Clinical Practice Research Datab... Read More about Venous thromboembolism in children with cancer – a population-based cohort study.

Novel concepts in inflammatory bowel disease (2014)
Journal Article
Moran, G., M. F., D., G. G., K., R., P., & S., G. (2014). Novel concepts in inflammatory bowel disease. British Medical Bulletin, 109(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldt039

CCL20/CCR6-mediated migration of regulatory T cells to the Helicobacter pylori-infected human gastric mucosa (2014)
Journal Article
Cook, K. W., Letley, D. P., Ingram, R. J., Staples, E., Skjoldmose, H., Atherton, J. C., & Robinson, K. (2014). CCL20/CCR6-mediated migration of regulatory T cells to the Helicobacter pylori-infected human gastric mucosa. Gut, 63(10), 1550-1559. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306253

Background Helicobacter pylori-induced peptic ulceration is less likely to occur in patients with a strong gastric anti-inflammatory regulatory T cell (Treg) response. Migration of Tregs into the gastric mucosa is therefore important.

Objective To... Read More about CCL20/CCR6-mediated migration of regulatory T cells to the Helicobacter pylori-infected human gastric mucosa.

Helicobacter pylori membrane vesicles stimulate innate pro- and anti-inflammatory responses and induce apoptosis in Jurkat T cells (2014)
Journal Article
Winter, J., Letley, D., Rhead, J., Atherton, J., & Robinson, K. (2014). Helicobacter pylori membrane vesicles stimulate innate pro- and anti-inflammatory responses and induce apoptosis in Jurkat T cells. Infection and Immunity, 82(4), 1372-1381. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.01443-13

Persistent Helicobacter pylori infection induces chronic inflammation in the human gastric mucosa, which is associated with development of peptic ulceration, gastric atrophy, and gastric adenocarcinoma. It has been postulated that secretion of immuno... Read More about Helicobacter pylori membrane vesicles stimulate innate pro- and anti-inflammatory responses and induce apoptosis in Jurkat T cells.

Irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and the microbiome (2014)
Journal Article
Major, G., & Spiller, R. C. (2014). Irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and the microbiome. Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity, 21(1), https://doi.org/10.1097/MED.0000000000000032

A randomised trial of ondansetron for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (2013)
Journal Article
Garsed, K., Chernova, J., Hastings, M., Lam, C., Marciani, L., Singh, G., Henry, A. P., Hall, I. P., Whorwell, P., & Spiller, R. C. (2014). A randomised trial of ondansetron for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea. Gut, 63(10), 1617-1625. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305989

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D) is particularly debilitating due to urgency and episodic incontinence. Some 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists (5-HT3RAs) have proven effective but have serious side effects.... Read More about A randomised trial of ondansetron for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea.

The pathophysiology of fluid and electrolyte balance in the older adult surgical patient (2013)
Journal Article
El-Sharkawy, A. M., Sahota, O., Maughan, R. J., & Lobo, D. N. (2013). The pathophysiology of fluid and electrolyte balance in the older adult surgical patient. Clinical Nutrition, 33(1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2013.11.010

Background & aims:

Age-related physiological changes predispose even the healthy older adult to fluid and electrolyte abnormalities which can cause morbidity and mortality. The aim of this narrative review is to highlight key aspects of age-relat... Read More about The pathophysiology of fluid and electrolyte balance in the older adult surgical patient.

Using non-invasive biomarkers to identify hepatic fibrosis in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Edinburgh type 2 diabetes study (2013)
Journal Article
Morling, J. R., Fallowfield, J. A., Guha, I. N., Nee, L. D., Glancy, S., Williamson, R. M., …Price, J. F. (2014). Using non-invasive biomarkers to identify hepatic fibrosis in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Edinburgh type 2 diabetes study. Journal of Hepatology, 60(2), 384-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2013.10.017

Background & Aims
It is difficult to determine the different stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without the use of invasive liver biopsy. In this study we investigated five non-invasive biomarkers used previously to detect hepatic fibrosis... Read More about Using non-invasive biomarkers to identify hepatic fibrosis in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Edinburgh type 2 diabetes study.

The presence of tumour-associated lymphocytes confers a good prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: an immunohistochemical study of tissue microarrays (2013)
Journal Article
Tewari, N., Zaitoun, A. M., Arora, A., Madhusudan, S., Ilyas, M., & Lobo, D. N. (2013). The presence of tumour-associated lymphocytes confers a good prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: an immunohistochemical study of tissue microarrays. BMC Cancer, 13, Article 436. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-13-436

Background
Tumour-associated lymphocytes (TALs) have been linked with good prognosis in several solid tumours. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of CD3, CD8 and CD20 positive lymphocytes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.... Read More about The presence of tumour-associated lymphocytes confers a good prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: an immunohistochemical study of tissue microarrays.

Importance of Toxin A, Toxin B, and CDT in virulence of an epidemic Clostridium difficile strain (2013)
Journal Article
Kuehne, S. A., Collery, M. M., Kelly, M. L., Cartman, S. T., Cockayne, A., & Minton, N. P. (in press). Importance of Toxin A, Toxin B, and CDT in virulence of an epidemic Clostridium difficile strain. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 209(1), https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit426

Clostridium difficile infection is the main cause of healthcare-acquired diarrhea in the developed world. In addition to the main virulence factors toxin A and B, epidemic, PCR Ribotype 027 strains, such as R20291, produce a third toxin, CDT. To deve... Read More about Importance of Toxin A, Toxin B, and CDT in virulence of an epidemic Clostridium difficile strain.

Characterisation of faecal protease activity in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: origin and effect of gut transit (2013)
Journal Article
Tooth, D., Garsed, K., Singh, G., Marciani, L., Lam, C., Fordham, I., …Spiller, R. C. (2014). Characterisation of faecal protease activity in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: origin and effect of gut transit. Gut, 63(5), 753-760. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-304042

Expression of the calpain system is associated with poor clinical outcome in gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas (2013)
Journal Article
Storr, S. J., Pu, X., Davis, J., Lobo, D., Reece-Smith, A. M., Parsons, S. L., …Martin, S. G. (2013). Expression of the calpain system is associated with poor clinical outcome in gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas. Journal of Gastroenterology, 48(11), 1213-1221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-012-0743-4

Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying (2013)
Journal Article
Marciani, L., Cox, E., Hoad, C., Totman, J. J., Costigan, C., Singh, G., …Spiller, R. C. (2013). Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(11), https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.168

Background/objectives: The emptying of the gall bladder in response to feeding is pivotal for the digestion of fat, but the role of various food ingredients in contracting the gall bladder postprandially is not well understood. We hypothesized that d... Read More about Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying.

Safety and efficacy of antibiotics compared with appendicectomy for treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (2012)
Journal Article
Varadhan, K. K., Neal, K. R., & Lobo, D. N. (2012). Safety and efficacy of antibiotics compared with appendicectomy for treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ, 344(7855), Article 15. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e2156

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of antibiotic treatment versus appendicectomy for the primary treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis.

Design Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Population Randomised controlled tri... Read More about Safety and efficacy of antibiotics compared with appendicectomy for treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.