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All Outputs (583)

Lactoferrin-Loaded Alginate Microparticles to Target Clostridioides difficile Infection (2019)
Journal Article
Braim, S., Śpiewakb, K., Brindell, M., Heeg, D., Alexander, C., & Monaghan, T. (2019). Lactoferrin-Loaded Alginate Microparticles to Target Clostridioides difficile Infection. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 108(7), 2438-2446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2019.02.025

Some forms of bovine lactoferrin (bLf) are effective in delaying Clostridioides difficile growth and preventing toxin production. However, therapeutic use of bLf may be limited by protein stability issues. The objective of this study was to prepare a... Read More about Lactoferrin-Loaded Alginate Microparticles to Target Clostridioides difficile Infection.

A systematic review of population-based studies examining outcomes in primary retroperitoneal sarcoma surgery (2019)
Journal Article
Peacock, O., Patel, S., Simpson, J. A., Walter, C. J., & Humes, D. J. (2019). A systematic review of population-based studies examining outcomes in primary retroperitoneal sarcoma surgery. Surgical Oncology, 29, 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suronc.2019.03.002

Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) are rare mesenchymal tumours. Their rarity challenges our ability to understand expected outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to examine 30-day morbidity and mortality, overall survival rates and prognostic p... Read More about A systematic review of population-based studies examining outcomes in primary retroperitoneal sarcoma surgery.

Targeting mu opioid receptors to modulate gastrointestinal function: what have we learnt so far from the studies in functional bowel disorders? (2019)
Journal Article
Corsetti, M., Pannemans, J., & Whorwell, P. (2019). Targeting mu opioid receptors to modulate gastrointestinal function: what have we learnt so far from the studies in functional bowel disorders?. F1000Research, 8, Article 257. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15974.1

Opioids have recently received much attention because of the epidemic in their use in some countries such as the USA and the UK. Concerns have been raised about the possibility that they can increase mortality in patients when used on a long-term bas... Read More about Targeting mu opioid receptors to modulate gastrointestinal function: what have we learnt so far from the studies in functional bowel disorders?.

Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon (2019)
Journal Article
Menys, A., Hoad, C., Spiller, R., Scott, M., Atkinson, D., Marciani, L., & Taylor, S. (2019). Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(5), Article e13557. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13557

Background: MRI is increasingly used to objectively assess gastrointestinal motility. However, motility metrics often do no not offer insights into the nature of contractile action. This study introduces a systematic method of making spatiotemporal m... Read More about Spatio-Temporal Motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon.

Opioid stewardship: a need for opioid discharge guidance: comment on Br J Anaesth 2018 Dec 28 (2019)
Journal Article
Levy, N., Lobo, D. N., Fawcett, W. J., Ljungqvist, O., & Scott, M. J. (2019). Opioid stewardship: a need for opioid discharge guidance: comment on Br J Anaesth 2018 Dec 28. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 22(6), e215–e216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2019.01.028

We read with interest the special and insightful article by Soffin and colleagues1 on the prescription opioid crisis. They carefully examine many of the drivers for subsequent opioid dependence after surgery and provide suggestions on how practice ca... Read More about Opioid stewardship: a need for opioid discharge guidance: comment on Br J Anaesth 2018 Dec 28.

The Impact of Preoperative Immune Modulating Nutrition on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2019)
Journal Article
Adiamah, A., Skořepa, P., Weimann, A., & Lobo, D. N. (2019). The Impact of Preoperative Immune Modulating Nutrition on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Annals of Surgery, 270(2), 247-246. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000003256

Objective: To define the influence of preoperative immune modulating nutrition (IMN) on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal cancer.

Summary background data: Although studies have shown that perioperative IMN... Read More about The Impact of Preoperative Immune Modulating Nutrition on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

New genetic signals for lung function highlight pathways and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associations across multiple ancestries (2019)
Journal Article
Shrine, N., Guyatt, A. L., Erzurumluoglu, A. M., Jackson, V. E., Hobbs, B. D., Melbourne, C. A., …Wain, L. V. (2019). New genetic signals for lung function highlight pathways and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associations across multiple ancestries. Nature Genetics, 51(3), 481-493. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0321-7

Reduced lung function predicts mortality and is key to the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In a genome-wide association study in 400,102 individuals of European ancestry, we define 279 lung function signals, 139 of which ar... Read More about New genetic signals for lung function highlight pathways and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associations across multiple ancestries.

Evolution of treatment targets in Crohn’s disease (2019)
Journal Article
White, J. R., Jairath, V., & Moran, G. W. (2019). Evolution of treatment targets in Crohn’s disease. Best Practice and Research: Clinical Gastroenterology, 38-39, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2019.02.001

Crohn’s disease is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, associated with significantly morbidity due to both symptoms and complications that have a considerable detrimental impact on a patient’s qualit... Read More about Evolution of treatment targets in Crohn’s disease.

The death of Charlotte Brontë from hyperemesis gravidarum and refeeding syndrome: A new perspective (2019)
Journal Article
Allison, S. P., & Lobo, D. N. (2020). The death of Charlotte Brontë from hyperemesis gravidarum and refeeding syndrome: A new perspective. Clinical Nutrition, 39(1), 304-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2019.01.027

Many theories have been advanced concerning the cause of Charlotte Bronte’s death, none of which fully explain all the symptoms she experienced in the course of her final illness. Her death certificate records the cause of death as phthisis (tubercul... Read More about The death of Charlotte Brontë from hyperemesis gravidarum and refeeding syndrome: A new perspective.

Incidence and Etiology of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Mainland China (2019)
Journal Article
Shen, T., Liu, Y., Shang, J., Xie, Q., Li, J., Yan, M., …Chen, C. (2019). Incidence and Etiology of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Mainland China. Gastroenterology, 156(8), 2230-2241.e11. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.02.002

Background & Aims: We performed a nationwide, retrospective study to determine the incidence and causes of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in mainland China.
Methods: We collected data on a total of 25,927 confirmed DILI cases, hospitalized from... Read More about Incidence and Etiology of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Mainland China.

Review article: managing the adverse events caused by anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (2019)
Journal Article
Shivaji, U. N., Sharratt, C. L., Thomas, T., Smith, S. C., Iacucci, M., Moran, G. W., Ghosh, S., & Bhala, N. (2019). Review article: managing the adverse events caused by anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 49(6), 664-680. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15097

Background: Biological therapy is currently widely used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Infliximab, adalimumab and golimumab are currently licensed anti-TNF therapies. Biosimilar anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies are increasingly used. Anti-T... Read More about Review article: managing the adverse events caused by anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease.

Testing for hepatitis C virus infection in UK prisons: what actually happens? (2019)
Journal Article
Jack, K., Thomson, B. J., & Irving, W. L. (2019). Testing for hepatitis C virus infection in UK prisons: what actually happens?. Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 26(6), 644-654. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.13071

Prisons are a key demographic in the drive to eradicate hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a major public health threat. We have assessed the impact of the recently introduced national opt-out policy on the current status of HCV testing in 14 prisons in the... Read More about Testing for hepatitis C virus infection in UK prisons: what actually happens?.

Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers (2019)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Dellschaft, N., Ansell, J., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2019). Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 49(6), 759-768. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15127

Background: Chronic constipation affects approximately 17% of the population worldwide and remains an important unmet need since patients are often dissatisfied with treatment. Kiwifruit may offer an alternative to traditional laxatives and have been... Read More about Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers.

A service evaluation of FIT and anaemia for risk stratification in the two week wait pathway for colorectal cancer (2019)
Journal Article
Chapman, C., Bunce, J., Oliver, S., Ng, O., Tangri, A., Rogers, R., …Banerjea, A. (2019). A service evaluation of FIT and anaemia for risk stratification in the two week wait pathway for colorectal cancer. BJS Open, 3(3), 395-402. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs5.50131

Introduction: New national guidance on urgent referral for investigation for Colorectal Cancer (CRC) included faecal occult blood testing in 2015. We evaluated faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and anaemia as risk stratification tools in symptomati... Read More about A service evaluation of FIT and anaemia for risk stratification in the two week wait pathway for colorectal cancer.

The Effect of Psyllium Husk on Intestinal Microbiota in Constipated Patients and Healthy Controls (2019)
Journal Article
Jalanka, J., Major, G., Murray, K., Singh, G., Nowak, A., Kurtz, C., …Spiller, R. (2019). The Effect of Psyllium Husk on Intestinal Microbiota in Constipated Patients and Healthy Controls. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(2), Article 433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020433

Psyllium is a widely used treatment for constipation. It traps water in the intestine increasing stool water, easing defaecation and altering the colonic environment. We aimed to assess the impact of psyllium on faecal microbiota, whose key role in g... Read More about The Effect of Psyllium Husk on Intestinal Microbiota in Constipated Patients and Healthy Controls.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury due to Flucloxacillin: Relevance of Multiple Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles (2019)
Journal Article
Nicoletti, P., Aithal, G. P., Chamberlain, T. C., Coulthard, S., Alshabeeb, M., Grove, J. I., …Daly, A. K. (2019). Drug-Induced Liver Injury due to Flucloxacillin: Relevance of Multiple Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 106(1), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1375

© 2019 The Authors Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics © 2019 American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Some patients prescribed flucloxacillin (~0.01%) develop drug-induced liver injury (DILI). HLA-B*57:01 is an established gene... Read More about Drug-Induced Liver Injury due to Flucloxacillin: Relevance of Multiple Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles.

A Missense Variant in PTPN22 is a Risk Factor for Drug-induced Liver Injury (2019)
Journal Article
Cirulli, E. T., Nicoletti, P., Abramson, K., Andrade, R. J., Bjornsson, E. S., Chalasani, N., …Watkins, P. B. (2019). A Missense Variant in PTPN22 is a Risk Factor for Drug-induced Liver Injury. Gastroenterology,

Background & Aims: We performed genetic analyses of a multiethnic cohort of patients with idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) to identify variants associated with susceptibility.

Methods: We performed a genome-wide association study of... Read More about A Missense Variant in PTPN22 is a Risk Factor for Drug-induced Liver Injury.

The effects of terlipressin and direct portacaval shunting on liver hemodynamics following 80% hepatectomy in the pig (2019)
Journal Article
Hammond, J. S., Godtliebsen, F., Steigen, S., Guha, I. N., Wyatt, J., Revhaug, A., …Mortensen, K. E. (2019). The effects of terlipressin and direct portacaval shunting on liver hemodynamics following 80% hepatectomy in the pig. Clinical Science, 133(1), 153-166. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20180858

Liver failure is the major cause of death following liver resection. Post-resection portal venous pressure (PVP) predicts liver failure, is implicated in its pathogenesis and when PVP is reduced, rates of liver dysfunction decrease. The aim of this s... Read More about The effects of terlipressin and direct portacaval shunting on liver hemodynamics following 80% hepatectomy in the pig.

Timeline and location of recurrence following successful ablation in Barrett’s oesophagus: an international multicentre study (2019)
Journal Article
Sami, S. S., Ravindran, A., Kahn, A., Snyder, D., Santiago, J., Ortiz-Fernandez-Sordo, J., …Iyer, P. G. (2019). Timeline and location of recurrence following successful ablation in Barrett’s oesophagus: an international multicentre study. Gut, 68(8), 1379-1385. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317513

Objectives: Surveillance intervals protocols after complete remission of intestinal metaplasia (CRIM) post radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in Barrett’s esophagus (BE) are currently empiric and not based on substantial evidence. We aimed to assess the t... Read More about Timeline and location of recurrence following successful ablation in Barrett’s oesophagus: an international multicentre study.