All Outputs (124)

SoftED: Metrics for soft evaluation of time series event detection (2024)
Journal Article
Salles, R., Lima, J., Reis, M., Coutinho, R., Pacitti, E., Masseglia, F., Akbarinia, R., Chen, C., Garibaldi, J., Porto, F., & Ogasawara, E. (2024). SoftED: Metrics for soft evaluation of time series event detection. Computers and Industrial Engineering, 198, Article 110728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2024.110728

Time series event detectors are evaluated mainly by standard classification metrics, focusing solely on detection accuracy. However, inaccuracy in detecting an event can often result from its preceding or delayed effects reflected in neighboring dete... Read More about SoftED: Metrics for soft evaluation of time series event detection.

Explain the world – Using causality to facilitate better rules for fuzzy systems (2024)
Journal Article
Zhang, T., Wagner, C., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2024). Explain the world – Using causality to facilitate better rules for fuzzy systems. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1109/TFUZZ.2024.3457962

The rules of a rule-based system provide explanations for its behaviour by revealing the relationships between the variables captured. However, ideally, we have AI systems which go beyond explainable AI (XAI), that is, systems which not only explain... Read More about Explain the world – Using causality to facilitate better rules for fuzzy systems.

Gradient-based Fuzzy System Optimisation via Automatic Differentiation – FuzzyR as a Use Case (2024)
Preprint / Working Paper
Chen, C., Wagner, C., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2024). Gradient-based Fuzzy System Optimisation via Automatic Differentiation – FuzzyR as a Use Case

Since their introduction, fuzzy sets and systems have become an important area of research known for its versatility in modelling, knowledge representation and reasoning, and increasingly its potential within the context explainable AI. While the app... Read More about Gradient-based Fuzzy System Optimisation via Automatic Differentiation – FuzzyR as a Use Case.

A pattern-based algorithm with fuzzy logic bin selector for online bin packing problem (2024)
Journal Article
Lin, B., Li, J., Cui, T., Jin, H., Bai, R., Qu, R., & Garibaldi, J. (2024). A pattern-based algorithm with fuzzy logic bin selector for online bin packing problem. Expert Systems with Applications, 249, Article 123515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2024.123515

The online bin packing problem is a well-known optimization challenge that finds application in a wide range of real-world scenarios. In the paper, we propose a novel algorithm called FuzzyPatternPack(FPP), which leverages fuzzy inference and pattern... Read More about A pattern-based algorithm with fuzzy logic bin selector for online bin packing problem.

Boundary-wise loss for medical image segmentation based on fuzzy rough sets (2024)
Journal Article
Lin, Q., Chen, X., Chen, C., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2024). Boundary-wise loss for medical image segmentation based on fuzzy rough sets. Information Sciences, 661, Article 120183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2024.120183

The loss function plays an important role in deep learning models as it determines the model convergence behavior and performance. In semantic segmentation, many methods utilize pixel-wise (e.g. cross-entropy) and region-wise (e.g. dice) losses while... Read More about Boundary-wise loss for medical image segmentation based on fuzzy rough sets.

Towards Causal Fuzzy System Rules Using Causal Direction (2023)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Zhang, T., Ying, J., Wagner, C., & Garibaldi, J. (2023, August). Towards Causal Fuzzy System Rules Using Causal Direction. Presented at 2023 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ), Incheon, Korea

Generating (fuzzy) rule bases from data can provide a rapid pathway to constructing (fuzzy) systems. However, direct rule generation approaches tend to generate very large numbers of rules. One reason for this is that such techniques are not designed... Read More about Towards Causal Fuzzy System Rules Using Causal Direction.

Fuzzy Uncertainty-Based Out-of-Distribution Detection Algorithm for Semantic Segmentation (2023)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Lin, Q., Chen, X., Chen, C., Pekaslan, D., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2023, August). Fuzzy Uncertainty-Based Out-of-Distribution Detection Algorithm for Semantic Segmentation. Presented at 2023 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ), Songdo Incheon, Korea

Deep learning models have achieved high performance in numerous semantic segmentation tasks. However, when the input data at test time do not resemble the training data, deep learning models can not handle them properly and will probably produce poor... Read More about Fuzzy Uncertainty-Based Out-of-Distribution Detection Algorithm for Semantic Segmentation.

The Design and Implementation of a Constrained Interval Type-2 Fuzzy System for Credit Card Fraud Detection (2023)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Wang, X., Li, M., Chen, C., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2023, August). The Design and Implementation of a Constrained Interval Type-2 Fuzzy System for Credit Card Fraud Detection. Presented at 2023 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ), Songdo Incheon, Korea

Fuzzy systems with type-1, interval type-2 and general type-2 fuzzy sets have been widely applied in various fields. Constrained Interval Type-2 (CIT2) fuzzy sets and systems are an approach designed to improve the interpretability of type-2 fuzzy in... Read More about The Design and Implementation of a Constrained Interval Type-2 Fuzzy System for Credit Card Fraud Detection.

A Novel Quality Control Algorithm for Medical Image Segmentation Based on Fuzzy Uncertainty (2022)
Journal Article
Lin, Q., Chen, X., Chen, C., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2022). A Novel Quality Control Algorithm for Medical Image Segmentation Based on Fuzzy Uncertainty. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 31(8), 2532-2544. https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2022.3228332

Deep learning methods have achieved an excellent performance in medical image segmentation. However, the practical application of deep learning-based segmentation models is limited in clinical settings due to the lack of reliable information about th... Read More about A Novel Quality Control Algorithm for Medical Image Segmentation Based on Fuzzy Uncertainty.

Dynamic early warning scores for predicting clinical deterioration in patients with respiratory disease (2022)
Journal Article
Gonem, S., Taylor, A., Figueredo, G., Forster, S., Quinlan, P., Garibaldi, J. M., McKeever, T. M., & Shaw, D. (2022). Dynamic early warning scores for predicting clinical deterioration in patients with respiratory disease. Respiratory Research, 23, Article 203. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-022-02130-6

Background: The National Early Warning Score-2 (NEWS-2) is used to detect patient deterioration in UK hospitals but fails to take account of the detailed granularity or temporal trends in clinical observations. We used data-driven methods to develop... Read More about Dynamic early warning scores for predicting clinical deterioration in patients with respiratory disease.

Quality Quantification in Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Skin Lesion Segmentation using Fuzzy Uncertainty Measurement (2022)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Lin, Q., Chen, X., Chen, C., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2022, July). Quality Quantification in Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Skin Lesion Segmentation using Fuzzy Uncertainty Measurement. Presented at 2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), Padua, Italy

Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN)-based methods have achieved promising performance in semantic image segmentation. However, in practical applications, it is important not only to produce the segmentation result but also to inform the segment... Read More about Quality Quantification in Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Skin Lesion Segmentation using Fuzzy Uncertainty Measurement.

Counterfactual rule generation for fuzzy rule-based classification systems (2022)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Zhang, T., Wagner, C., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2022, July). Counterfactual rule generation for fuzzy rule-based classification systems. Presented at 2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), Padua, Italy

EXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is of in-creasing importance as researchers and practitioners seek better transparency and verifiability of AI systems. Mamdani fuzzy systems can provide explanations based on their linguistic rules, and thus... Read More about Counterfactual rule generation for fuzzy rule-based classification systems.

LMISA: A Lightweight Multi-modality Image Segmentation Network via Domain Adaptation using Gradient Magnitude and Shape Constraint (2022)
Journal Article
Jafari, M., Francis, S., Garibaldi, J. M., & Chen, X. (2022). LMISA: A Lightweight Multi-modality Image Segmentation Network via Domain Adaptation using Gradient Magnitude and Shape Constraint. Medical Image Analysis, 81, Article 102536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2022.102536

In medical image segmentation, supervised machine learning models trained using one image modality (e.g. computed tomography (CT)) are often prone to failure when applied to another image modality (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) even for the... Read More about LMISA: A Lightweight Multi-modality Image Segmentation Network via Domain Adaptation using Gradient Magnitude and Shape Constraint.

Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic about sample access for research in the UK (2022)
Journal Article
Mai Sims, J., Lawrence, E., Glazer, K., Gander, A., Fuller, B., Garibaldi, J., Davidson, B., & Quinlan, P. R. (2022). Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic about sample access for research in the UK. BMJ Open, 12(4), Article e047309. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047309

Objective Annotated clinical samples taken from patients are a foundation of translational medical research and give mechanistic insight into drug trials. Prior research by the Tissue Directory and Coordination Centre (TDCC) indicated that researcher... Read More about Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic about sample access for research in the UK.

FuzzyDCNN: Incorporating Fuzzy Integral Layers to Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Image Segmentation (2021)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Lin, Q., Chen, X., Chen, C., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2021, July). FuzzyDCNN: Incorporating Fuzzy Integral Layers to Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Image Segmentation. Presented at IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE 2021), Luxembourg, Luxembourg

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved the state-of-the-art performance in many application areas, due to the capability of automatically extracting and aggregating spatial and channel-wise features from images. Most recent studies have c... Read More about FuzzyDCNN: Incorporating Fuzzy Integral Layers to Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Image Segmentation.

Designing the Hierarchical Fuzzy Systems Via FuzzyR Toolbox (2021)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Razak, T. R., Chen, C., Garibaldi, J. M., & Wagner, C. (2021, July). Designing the Hierarchical Fuzzy Systems Via FuzzyR Toolbox. Presented at 2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), Luxembourg, Luxembourg

The use of Hierarchical Fuzzy Systems (HFS) has been well acknowledged as a good approach in reducing the complexity and improving the interpretability of fuzzy logic systems (FLS). Over the past years, many fuzzy logic toolkits have been made availa... Read More about Designing the Hierarchical Fuzzy Systems Via FuzzyR Toolbox.

An Extension of the FuzzyR Toolbox for Non-Singleton Fuzzy Logic Systems (2021)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Chen, C., Zhao, Y., Wagner, C., Pekaslan, D., & Garibaldi, J. M. (2021, July). An Extension of the FuzzyR Toolbox for Non-Singleton Fuzzy Logic Systems. Presented at 2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), Luxembourg

Recent years have seen a surge in interest in non-singleton fuzzy systems. These systems enable the direct modelling of uncertainty affecting systems' inputs using the fuzzification stage. Moreover, recent work has shown how different composition app... Read More about An Extension of the FuzzyR Toolbox for Non-Singleton Fuzzy Logic Systems.

Machine learning can predict disease manifestations and outcomes in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (2020)
Journal Article
Chernbumroong, S., Johnson, J., Gupta, N., Miller, S., Mccormack, F. X., Garibaldi, J. M., & Johnson, S. R. (2021). Machine learning can predict disease manifestations and outcomes in lymphangioleiomyomatosis. European Respiratory Journal, 57(6), Article 2003036. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.03036-2020

Background: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare multisystem disease with variable clinical manifestations and differing rates of progression that make management decisions and giving prognostic advice difficult. We used machine learning to ident... Read More about Machine learning can predict disease manifestations and outcomes in lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

A Fast Inference and Type-Reduction Process for Constrained Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Systems (2020)
Journal Article
D'Alterio, P., Garibaldi, J. M., John, R. I., & Wagner, C. (2021). A Fast Inference and Type-Reduction Process for Constrained Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Systems. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 29(11), 3323-3333. https://doi.org/10.1109/TFUZZ.2020.3018379

Constrained interval type-2 (CIT2) fuzzy sets have been introduced to preserve interpretability when moving from type-1 to interval type-2 (IT2) membership functions. Although they can be used to produce type-2 fuzzy systems with enhanced explainabil... Read More about A Fast Inference and Type-Reduction Process for Constrained Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Systems.

End-to-End Fovea Localisation in Colour Fundus Images with a Hierarchical Deep Regression Network (2020)
Journal Article
Xie, R., Liu, J., Cao, R., Qiu, C. S., Duan, J., Garibaldi, J., & Qiu, G. (2020). End-to-End Fovea Localisation in Colour Fundus Images with a Hierarchical Deep Regression Network. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 40(1), 116-128. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2020.3023254

Accurately locating the fovea is a prerequisite for developing computer aided diagnosis (CAD) of retinal diseases. In colour fundus images of the retina, the fovea is a fuzzy region lacking prominent visual features and this makes it difficult to dir... Read More about End-to-End Fovea Localisation in Colour Fundus Images with a Hierarchical Deep Regression Network.